La Voz de Aztlan, May 4 1987
Item
Title
La Voz de Aztlan, May 4 1987
Creator
Associated Students of Fresno State
Relation
La Voz de Aztlan (Daily Collegian, California State University, Fresno)
Coverage
Fresno, California
Date
5/4/1987
Format
PDF
Identifier
SCUA_lvda_00169
extracted text
California State University, Fresno
Monday, May 4, 1987
The Daily Collegian
Minority Editor Removed By Council
By Daniel Chacon
La Voz Co Editor
At an emergency meeting of the Media
Council April 8, acting Freedom and Unity
edi1?T Anthony Shollars, was removed by a
unarumous vote.
The charges brought against Shollars were
fiscal ~sponsiblilty and unprofessionalism,
according to Media Council chair, Patricia
Foley.
Sholars, who applied for editor last
semester, was only approved by the cotmcil as
acting editor because he did not tum in his
required letters of recommendation.
Sholars said Foley had pressured him to
tum them in so it could be official. "She told
me just to give them any three letters,"
Sholars said.
However, when he did submit the letters to
the council. the council ruled they were
unacceptable because they did not meet their
standards. Foley said that she might have been
responsible for the quality of the letters, "I
should have be.en more specific," she told La
Voz.
Sholars was also removed because of his
alleged inability to handle funds. According to
Daily Collegian business manager John Fry,
~e amount of money Sholars planned to pay
his staff far exceeded his budget .Sholars
offered $60 a month to writers, $70 a month
for a copy editor, $121 a month to his
managing editor, plus <lental benifits for his
entire staff.
After publication of the first issue, Sholars
spent the entire budget allocated for the
semester. '1 was going to hold fund raisers,
and offer my staff the A.S. dental plan,"
Sholars said.
Some have raised questions about the Media
Council's proceedings. In a letter to the
Collegian, Robert Castorena stated that
although he did not know if Sholars was
guilty of the accusations brought against him
by the Collegian staff and the Media Council,
he questioned as to how someone could be
accused, tried and removed in one meeting. He
stated that the process by which the council
proceeded was \Dlethical and bias.
Sholars claims that the Media Council
infonned him that he would be formally
appointed at the meeting and did not expect his
removal. '1f I would have known what they
were going to do, I would have brought some
supporters.
Sholars removal was compared to last year's
incident involving former Daily Collegian
editor Erik Pappa. Pappa was charged with
fiscal irresponsibiliy and insensitivity toward
the minority editions when he threatened to cut
their budgets to $100 per semester and refered
to those that protested as "caged animals.".
After nearly four weeks and several meetings
of Media Council proceedings, it was agreed
that Pappa was guilty. However, The Media
Council, arguing that a government body
should not interfere with the press, would not
remove Pappa from his position as editor; he
was docked two week's pay.
There was a lot of tension and "personality
conflicts" between Sholars and Williams and
the Collegian staff, Sholars said.
At the meeting, a memo submitted by
Williams, Fry, Managing Editor Rudy
Murrieta, and former Freedom and Unity
Managing :&litor Darius Crosby charged
Sholars with mismanagement and poor
behavior.
It was stated in the memo that Sholars said
to Williams" ...I'm going to come after your
business manager..., and then rm -going to
come after you Sarah, and I'm going to get
you."
Sholars claims that this statement is false.
''It was a complete fabrication."
Members of the co\Dlcil claim that the
memo had nothing to do with their decision.
Wilson who made the motion to remove
Sholars told LA Voz that he was not even
See Sholars
Page 4
Kicking Back
Mark Diaz/ ~ Voi
Why are theses students sitting around when there is so much oppression.
Li_bera~ion T~eology:
Latin America's Cathohc movement
By Robert Castorena
Contributing Writer
Latin America is a continent which has
for centuries been W1der the oppressive hand
of the ruling class. In recent years, an
influence within the Roman Catholic
Church has emerged known as liberation
theology.
Presently leading liberation
theologians and scholars are in the
limelight, since the Vatican is greatly
critical of the Marxist concepts borrowed by
liberation theologians.
Liberation theology is of great
importance as an effort is being made to
awaken
the
social
and
political
consciousness of the masses. lfthe effort
succeeds, then a transformation of the Latin
American continent will result When this
transformation occurs, the Catholic Church
will have been a significant participant.
The ruling class and the developed nations,
particularly the United States, resist any
change.
In a legend Central and South American
Indians recounted a prophecy warning of a
foreign people who would return to conquer
them. For centuries the legend conditioned
the indigenous fatalistic attirude:
" then he (Quetzalcoaltl) having preached
on pertinent matters ... and seeing the little
fruit that his doctrine had, returned to the
same place from where he had come, which
was from the east .. and at the time he was
saying farewell to the people he told them
that in a time to come he would rerum and
then his sons would be lords and possess the
earth; but they and their descendents would
go through much calamity and persecution."
This fatalistic attitude prevailed for
centuries and was, until recently, perpetuated
The
Church in Latin America clung for centuries
to the traditional colonial order and resisted
the change occurring in the modem world.
It is the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II)
which is primarily responsible for the
changes occurring worldwide in the Roman
Catholic Church. Thus, slowly the Roman
Catholic Church is in the process of
adapting to the values of the modem world.
Although the Roman Catholic Church has
~n going through the adaptation, the
influence of the Church in Latin American
continues to dominate all aspects of life.
And while the industrial nations' yielded to
materialism in Latin Americ~ Catholicism
deeply influences ninety percent of the
population. The influence is evident in
Latin American religious folklore which
permeates society, and is reflected in the
f ~ g tradition, health, health, education,
social mores and politics.
The Second General Conference of the
Latin ~erican Bishops held in Medellin,
Colombia (~e Medellin Confeience-1968)
had a great tmpact not only within the Latin
American Roman Catholic Church but also
in the social, economic, and 'political
structures of the Latin American continent
One 4rlportant characteristics of the
Medellin. Docu.rnenrs is the urgency of its
call for action.
Th~ d~~ents mention 'the principle of
consc1ent12at1on (meaning the awakening of
the ?lasses to social and political
consc10usness). The process of rn~g the
by the Roman Catholic Church.
masses conscious would enable them to
assume responsibility in civic and political
life.
An important word mentioned
frequently in the Medellin document is
liberation.
It indicates the process of
helping man free himself from the
oppressiveness under which the Latin
Americans fmd themselves. The Medellin
Conferences revitalized the Latin American
Roman Catholic Church. It legitimized
many Christian groups who advocated
structW'al changes. The changes of the
decade (1960s) were thought to have
emanated solely from Marxist groups. In its
revitalization, the Church renewed its
commitment to fight injustice.
Division
resulted in the Church concerning the pace
of change and what was to be the most
effective strategy in achieving justice. An
element within the Church surfaced which
intensified debate and disagreement. This
element raised the issue of using subversive
violence as a means to ending
instirutionalized violence.
The Medellin documents explicitly
condemned subversive violence but some
impatient groups within the Latin American
Catholic
Church
argued
that
the
condemnation of institutionalized violence
expressed by the Medellin
documents
justified the use of subversive violence. In
the groups' advocacy of violence, the
liberation mentioned in the Medellin
documents was reduced to a purely economic
and political dimension. Economically it
desired to break from dependence. while
politically it desired to abolish all
oppressive political power.
Censorship
Of Students
Air Guitar Committee
Violates Civil Liberties
,,
By Bill Lerch
Staff Writer
IWIIAlC
Council Questioned
Ethics Missing in Sholars Removal
La Voz
Staff
Universities should provide a forum and atmosphere where ideas, ideals,
and· idealism flourish. Recently · the Media Council at an emergency meeting
removed Anthony Sholars as acting editor of the Freedom and Unity, the
black students' newspaper. The process by which the council proceeded was
unethical and bias. One has to seriously question how someone can be
accused, tried and removed from a position in one meeting. In a similar
incident last year two minority editors brought grievances against the
e~tor-in-chief of The Daily Collegian. It took the Media Council almost four
weeks to make a decision and after finding the editor guilty the Council
proceeded to protect him by arguing that govern·ment should not interfere
with the media. One must now question the sincerity of that argument.
Secondly, the Media Council appointed an overseer for the Freedom and
Unity. There is no provision in the Media Council bylaws for such action. The
Council, particularly the chair, needs to read. them to ·· know what power
and responsibilities they have. It makes us nervous at La Voz when we
realize that a committee of people that have no concern for the respective
minority communities can make such a quick, almost secret meeting
concerning the very voice of our rights and concerns. Furthermore, the Daily
Collegian, who filed charges against Sholars under the current leadership
has violated the trust of the students by failing to report the incident. The
removal of AnthonySholars was of significant importance not only to black
and other minority students on campus, but to the entire student body.
Certainly students have the right to know what is going on. The credibility
of the Daily Collegian has deteriorated and one can only doubt what is
printed on its pages. The Media Council and the Daily Collegian need to
wake up. They are dealing with people who have the ability to think
critically. Hopefully, the editorial staff of the Collegian will be more
conscientious and have the moral courage to cover such a story.
I have read every argument concerning
the censorship of an Air Guitar act called
"Some Band"
and
their sudden
disqualification .
The problem is not contained within the
lyrics being immoral; rather,the problem
is in the evaluation of accepting a band
for Air Guitar in addition to the
misunderstanding of analyzing artistic
expression. 'Whatever party judged the
band's chosen material for Air Guitar
should deeply consider the civil liberty of
free expression.
Expression through whatever medium
should always, no matter what, be
unrestricted from the despotic, tyrannical
hand of unmerciful arbitrary decision. The
reader should reconsider the prestige of
Vintage Days, for the image has been
slightly rearranged due to the discretion of
the Air Guitar committee.
For
equal
measures,
coordinators
shouldn't be so hedonistic as to exclude
spirited individuals ·from participating in
any aspect of Vintage Days. If it is
necessary to be dogmatic in such
situations , then it should be necessary to
over emphasise the obscene gestures of
Vintage Days participants. One should
refer to the April 29th issue of The Insight
where a yolDlg man · ts clutching his
testicles .. Such expression doesn't disturb
my morals. I believe in freedom to
express.
A panel of discretionuy judges, so to
speak, shouldn't be so demanding as to
coerce enthusiastic people to unknown
standards just because they see it fit to
protect the "integrity "of Vintage Days.
Such action is arbitrary and a travesty oncivil liberties.
California
State University
Fresno
.:-:annot
abandon
it's
students
from
expression. Every party who takes upon
himself the burden to express, should not
be denied with bureaucratic restriction. "
Some Band" has been deprived , too much
to menti.ort. Liberties should not be judged
by people who think they are protecting
the morals of the people. Contrary, it is
immoral to desecrate civil liberties from
the people.
Besides, "Some Band" chose it's
material for Air Guitar for a reason. The
reason is to express a viewpoint for
people to understand. Today, our society
faces a spectrum of dilemma in the social,
economic,and political . world In order to
repair the injury in the social realm, we
ne.ed to encourage not discourage -artistic
expression.
'lhe progress ot tomorrow depends oi.
the unrestricted expression of today. The
Air Guitar committee needs to reevaluate
this year's decision so that Fresno State
won't be victimized by decisiom that
strip to the bone our civil liberties and
intimidate us from participating in campus
wide activities.
Now, reconsideration of whose civil
liberties are supreme should bestow ori
the student population the reality of
participating in Vintage Days. Whose
morals are good? Is it the Anglo-Saxon's
? Should we all be subject to the so-called
White elitist fraternity mentality ? NO!!!!,
I say. Surely, we are not equal in ability
because we exist concurrently.
However,civil liberties and civil rights
should not be dependent on the dogma of
supremacy derived from an arrogant.
ruthless
dictatorship. They should be
respected with . the utmost integrity that
can be bestowed upon virtue.
Vintage Days has discriminated. We, as
srudents, should leam from such an
insolent mistake.
Chicanismo in.1987
H_o w long will the. food sales go on? How many more awards
banquets
m·ust we sponsor until we get what we as a people
really want. Do we even know what we want ? A larger piece of
the A.S. budget pie? How about social and economic equality?
In the 1960s, there were no more than a handful of Chicanos
at Fresno State. They were alone at an institution without
services or organizations that cared about their welfare. They
had no EOP, CLS, or SAA. As a minority group they were not
concerned with how many people would show up to their panel
discussion, or how much money they would make at their next
tostada sale. They were concerned with justice and equality of
opportunity r, words that were not in the least bit abstract or
watered down to them. They were the only ones who would
stand up for what they knew they had the right to.
In the library, as a part of the Fresno State 75th anniversary
photo display, there is a picture of Chicano activists disrupting
a classroom holding a sign that read JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION.
Those were ostensibly the only choices for them; for their very
existence as students. They had no use for a sign that read
ATTEND OUR PANEL DISCUSSION OR REVOLUTION. It would have
been useless to give them a sign that read BUY OUR TOST ADAS
AT NOON OR REVOLUTION. They had only two choices.
Today when we as Chicanos consider our positions as students,
we have to ask ourselves what our choices are. Though there
are approximately fifteen hundred of us at Fresno State we are
still only a handful when one considers that we only amount to
ten percent of the student body vis-a-vis the 30 percent of us in
the community . Though we have organizations and institutions
that supposedly represent our interests, they have for the most
part
become
stagnant
and
bureaucratized.
Recruiting
institutions have seemingly become more interested in
pointing oµt their numbers, and spending there entire budget
allocation, than they are in our promotion.
1
Student organizations seem more concerned with having
parties and fun than they are about the people they left at
home. If we seriously take the time to evaluate our choices
maybe we will find that not much has changed since those
Chicano activists waved their banner. Perhaps we still only
have two choices:JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION. Wake up people you
are still being oppressed.
An article in the Fresno Bee
last Thursday stated clearly
enough that Chicanos are on the very bottom of the economic
and social strata. There are less Chicano professionals than any
other minority group; more Chicanos are dropping out of high
school than any other group of students; Chicana women are
poorer than anyone else. Why? Are we lazy? Are we stupid? NO!!
We are oppressed.
Mexican farmworkers, having struggled diligently for over
two decades still do not have enough clout to merit so much as a
place to wash their hands or to take care of their natural
functions. Is this a manifestation of a just society? Last
November an initiative passed on the ballot making English the
official language of California. Is this _equality? What are we
doing at the university, as students, as future leaders to address
these problems? Holding food sales?
Our potential is awesome.
We are the fastest growing
community in the southwest and are just beginning to use our
political . power. We have role models like Toney Anaya proving
that it can be done. On campus Tovar and Guerra gathered over
60 percent of the entire A.S. presidential vote. All we need to do
is to set our sights on the future of our community; we need to
move in a positive direction and begin seriously considering
our alternatives. We need to change the future not just talk
about it.
Anaya Speaks at Awards Banquet
By Jaime Rodriguez
Staff Writter
Accepting
an
ivitati.on from
the
Chicano-Latino ·
Student
Association,
Toney Anaya, former governor of New
Mexico, was the keynote speaker at the
Chicano/
Hispanic
Student
Awards
Banquet. He emphasized the importance of
communication among Chicano students
and the Chicano community as a whole.
Anaya
stressed
that
"without
communication the potential of the
Hispanic population will not materialize
despite having the largest minority group
-.in the nation."
Since leaving the
governorship in December, he has had the
opportunity to speak across the country
and has been surprised to see so many
Chicanos -who are concentrated primarily
in the Southwest. . He said that ''by
communicating we can make an impact in
the countty.
''There is no need for individualism. It
will take a concentrated effort to infiltrate
the system.
It is with education that
anyone can become a leader of this
country in positions where decisions are
made."
Anaya who has put his political care.er
on hold for now, did say that problems do
arise. That sometimes Hispanics let selfinterest and pride interfere with successful
communication. It is here that mistakes
are made and advancement in the agenda
comes to a halt Being able to interlock
is a result of communication. By talking
with each other and relating ideas we all
succeed in equality.
"Hispanics, Chicanos, Latinos must
develop the tendency to look back and
remember the way they were brought up.
The family structure was an essence among
·many first generation immigrants in this
country. La Raza always solved problems
within the household. It is here ' where
communication is of vital importance. La
Raza needs to iron out its. conflicts and
arguements to proceed with the agenda of a
better tomorrow for all citizens."
Anaya received a rowid of applause after
the statement "In the audience tonight I
see a future governor, a future U.S.
President and many presidents of large
corporations and banks." The people of
this countty all have the same dreams and
personal goals but only those who are
willing to communicate and share their
ambitions will succeed. Why can't it be
the Chicano population who makes the
communication needed to reach these
goals?
"We must speak articulately and write
effectively.
Education leads to a better
relationship among all members of the
cowitry. Education is the one thing that
cannot be taken away from someone. Los
pueden quitar la ropa; los pueden quitar la
comida; los pueden quitar la vida; pero no
los pueden quitar la educacion!"
Chicanos Used ·in US Foreign Policy
Actions taken by both the Carter and
Reagan Administrations suggest that highlevel attention has been given to the
possible use of Chicanos as instrument of
either
U.S. or Mexican/Latin American
state foreign policy.
The Cartee
Administration appointed the Chicano
educator, Dr. Julian Nava, Ambassador to
Mexico. While in itself this appointment
was probably
nothing more than a
• By David Ayon
fleeting (and disappointing) gesture, it
Special to La Voz
does suggest a number of considerationslt
has often been claimed that the huge U.S.
The traditional realist approach to
Embassy in Mexico City houses what may
international relati.ons conceives of the
be the largest Central Intelligence Agency
world as being composed
of
station in the world.
The primary
andiromorphic states or "unified rational
functions of the CIA's major allocation of
actors" with conflicting
interests locked
resources to this location are presumably
in a struggle for power.
A realist or
to counter and penetrate the large and
state-centric approach to foreign
policy
Cuban F.m.bassies there. · U.S. national
generally considers domestic political
security practices undoubtably involve
factors as constraints on the freedom of
extensive penetration of every aspect of
action
of
the
foreign
policy
decision makers
In this view, the
the Mexican political system and foreign
organization
opezating
in
Mexico.
existence
of a
politically
activated
minority community such as Chicanos of their unusual allies among agricultural Substantial intelligence sharing, or any
may be regarded as a potential obstacle to producers and their adversaries~ in the other CIA or Embassy personnel. is
U.S. freedom of action , in particular in labor movement) have apparently a strong Chicano undoubtedly figures prominently in
every compenng organization's dossier.
regard to issues that affect Chicanos ideological componenL
Viewed on the level of international
Cloaks and daggers aside. Mexican
themselves or Mexico.
Evidence for this sort of view that relations, Chicanos can be alternatively presidents since Luis Echeverria have
immediately comes to mind is the role of regarded as a point of vulnerability or a accepted the
utility of establishing
Chicanos
in
the
debate
on
U.S. resource in U.S.-Mexican and U.S.-Latin cooperative
relations
with
Chicano
immigration policy.
Fitting precisely American relations. It is not unlikely that leaders. Led primarily by the U.S.-trained
into the pattern observed in the cases of Chicanos have already attracted the Mexican sociologist Jorge Bustamante, a
many organized economic interest groups attention of government-affiliated analysts small pro-Chicano lobby has emerged in
intervening to
influence U.S.
trade as a potential national security threaL Mexico that has organi:zed educational
policies.
Chicanos have mobilized and Since the assumption by the United States programs, scholarship funds, conferences
utilized Congress as their primary point of a pennanent global role during WWII. and research and publication projects for
and and about Chicanos.
of entry into the decision-making process open disputes have been rare
to block executive branch
initiatives on relatively moderate between the U.S. and
Most
recently,
the
Reagan
It remains to be se.en how Administration has targeted Hispanics as
immigration.
The
Chicano
case Mexico.
distinguishes itself, however, to the extent Chicanos might respond in a crisis of U.S.- either a constituency to cultivate or a
that Chicano lobbying efforts (unlike that Mexico relations.
problem to neutralize in connection with
Chicanos might respond
in a crisis of US-Mexico
Relations
U.S. policy in Cenlral
AmeriCL
Numerous hight-level speeches have been
made before Hispanic groups emphasizing
the Administration's view of the Central
American crisis.
The mayor of San
Antonio, Hemy Cisneros, was appointed
to the Kissinger Commission on Central
America. A Chicana, more or less, has
been promoted from the staff of the Civil
Rights Commission to head the 'White
House .- Office of Public Llason. Lydia
Chavez.
In one of the more ominous recent
developments, the Reagan Administration
invited the overwhelming Latino National
Guard units of Puerto Rico, Texas, and
California to participate in military
manuevers in Honduras. In the Aguas Tara
ill war games Chicano Texas National
Guardsmen played the role of invading
Sandinista soldiers for U.S. and Honduran
Army units to defend against.
Latinos
have been heavily represented among U.S.
military advisers in El Salvador and
Honduras.
It is impossible to detennine the
primary consideration behind these policy
choices.
If Latinos are viewed as a
potential national security vulnerability,
the Administration may be trying to
cultivate loyalty. If Latinos are viewed as
a resource for U.S. Latin America policy,
the gringo Ambassador, CIA officer and
soldier are being replaced with a brown
version presumably more palatable to
Latin Americans.
Chicano Students Win Senate Seats
New· Ideas and a New Direction for Associated Students
Of
the
fifteen
recently
elected
Associated Student Senators, three of them
have
been
active
in
Chicano
origanizations and causes at Fresno State.
Anthony Sote~o. elected Senator at Large,
Frank Aviles, School of Natural Sciences,
and Lupe Tovar, School of Education and
Human Development, will assume their
respective seats in the Fall. Each candidate
will execute plans and ideas that will
certainly represent a broad spectrum of
student intere.'lts and concerns.
Anthony Sotelo, a major in Political
Science, is currently vice president of
Chicanos in Law, a member of the Student
Grievence committee, as well as an active
member of the Chicano- Latino Student
Association, and a singer in his church's
choir. " I plan on getting a lot of Chicano
students
involved
(in
student
government),"
Sotelo
told La Voz.
Chicanos should feel proud about their
positions at Fresno State a:nd to take a
more assertive stance in its governance.
"Students are going to be more active next
year because of the issues brought up
during the election." Sotelo said that he
will continue to bring up those issues
during his term as senator. Next year, he
Sen. Post 2
Anthony Sotelo
Natural Sciences
Sen. Frank Aviles
By Dan/II/ Chacon
La Voz Co-Editor
says, the A.S. will be "no drab boring the school of Natural Sciences
and
bureaucratic work."
Chicanos in particular.
Frank Aviles is a senior majoring in
Since the elections in March he has
mathmatics. He has been active in many already
been
to
many
student
Chicano organizations and has served as organizatioh.s and individuals asking how
he can best represent them. Among other
things he plans on getting to know the
various department heads and professors in
his school and to provide a link between
them,
the students
and
student
government.
Lupe Tovar, a senior in education, has
been a member of the La Voz staff for the
past two years, an active member of
Tewaquachi the American Indian Club, and
co-editor of La Voz. Aviles plans on a former A.S. senator. Tovar has many
representing the campus as a whole land plans begining with forming a council
within his school made up of the various
organizations, members of the faculty, and
the A.S. senator. The purpose of the
council will be to promote and represent
the organizations and students within the
school of Education and provide a network
of communication between them.
"Students should
always come first."
Tovar
Education
Sen. Lup·e Tova,_
r _~.
Tovar also hopes to see more student art
displayed around campus; in the C.U. for
example. "Why should we spend so much
money buying art from non students. We
have plenty of great artists attending
Fresno State and we should display their
work. "One of the greatest problems · in
student · government, says Tovar is the
attitudes of those involved. "They're not a
bunch of tin gods and they shouldn't make
themselves out like that." Tovar believes
that students should always come first.
"They're
s~ding . too
much
on
themselves. We (student government)
should always be the first to make
sacrifices." Tovar believes $7,000 in
travel is excessive.
-cs
Wk
,.,,.
WJo
,.,,.
Wk
Tuesday May 5
MEChA
11:00 am.
12:00pm
1:30pm
presents
,.,,.
Wk
Tarteada
Mariachi Zapopan
Los Alacranes Mojados
Ninos de Aztlan
SEMANA de La Raza
Sunday, May 3
5:00pm
Monday May 4,
11 :00 am-10:00 pm
12pm
Soccer match between CSUF
and University of Sinola
Mexico at Biden Field
Book Fair Art Exibit by
Malaquias Montanya
Panel discussion on Chicano
-,
7:00pm
Central America Panel Discusion
~
Wednesday, May 5
12:00pm
7:00pm
Clovis High Marimba Band
Community night
Speaker: Luis Valdez
Danzantes de Aztlan
Thursday, May 7
Ch'ld
I
ren·s Day
Children's Performances
John Vasquez, Magician
Pinatas and Pan du Ice
Terrel Bell- Former
Secretary of Education
~
"Exellence in Education"
8:00pm
Sponsered by the University
Lecture Series
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6pm
literature
Hispanic Excellence Scholarship
Banquet $20. per person, CSUF
Residence Dining Hal for more
information call 294-4775
Poetry group
Friday, May 8
Saturday, May 9
8:00pm
Dance-CB Music Mix
a Week long celebration of Chicano Heritage
May 3-91987
_,.
,.,,.
Sholars
considering anything but poor management
skills demonstrated by his inability to submit
the letters. "He just wasn't completing the
requirements of the job," Wilson said.
Another controversial decision made by the
cowicil was the appointtnent of an "overseer"
to Freedom and Unity. Castorena states that
there is no provision in the bylaws for such a
position and that the cowicil is creating
powers that they do not have. Foley said "
GregBarfield(thecouncil'schoiceforoverseer)
is black. It makes sense."
Sholars told La Voz that they were using
other blacks to justify their decisions. Barfield
stated that "they (the council) were sitting their
talking about what blacks need. I felt I had a
._responsibility to see that the paper dosen't just
sit there after Anthony was removedl felt
responsible for the paper. I was the one to
secure funding last year and am one of the four
people to bring the paper back three years
ago."
9:00 am
11 :0O am
11 :30 am
S:00 pm
StudentsVisit Tijuana
By Anthony Solelo
Staff Writter
The Chicano-Latino studies department
recently sponsored a two-day trip to the
Mexican border city of Tijuana. On March
21, 76 students left Fresno for San Diego.
According to CLS professor Jesus Luna,
the main purpose of the trip
was to
expose students to cultural centers
of
Mexican art in San Diego and in Tijuana.
"Many of the students had never been to a
border town. Perhaps the trip served to
change the views of some students about
Mexico and the border towns," Luna said.
The students arrived in San Diego at
about 2:30 p.m. Saturday. They went on a
two hour tour of the Centro Cultural de La
Raza and saw an atl exibit titled " Border
Realities," which contained various artist's
impressions of the border and its
problems. The students then went to
La Voz
Tijuana and checked into
the. Hotel
Lucerna. Once checked in, the students
were free to enjoy the sites and cuisine of
Tijuana.
Margarito Alcorta, a senior pQlitical
science major, was one of the students
who enjoyed his stay in Mexico. " I did
some shopping with some friends,"
Alcorta said. " I also enjoyed some of the
restaurants, which were inexpensive. You
could have a large dinner for about three
dollars."
.
Sunday afternoon, the group tour~ the
Tijuana Cultural Center. They s11w a · film
title.d "El Pueblo del Sol" (The people of
the sun). The film gave a "breath
taking
" view of Mexico's world-famous sites,
such as · Cancun , Acapulco, Copper
Canyon, and ancient Mayan and Aztec
ruins. The film was shown on a 180 degree
screen at the Omnimax Theatre next to the
museum. After the film, the group departed
back to Fresno State.
The Chicano Perspective
Founded 1968
Co Editors
Stephanie Diaz
Daniel Chacon
WrJtersi
1
Anthony Sotelo
Jaime Rodriguez
Bill Lerch
Robert Castorena
Photos
Lawrence Tovar
Mark Diaz
Art
Stephanie Tovar
Production
Lisa V .Flores
Monday, May 4, 1987
The Daily Collegian
Minority Editor Removed By Council
By Daniel Chacon
La Voz Co Editor
At an emergency meeting of the Media
Council April 8, acting Freedom and Unity
edi1?T Anthony Shollars, was removed by a
unarumous vote.
The charges brought against Shollars were
fiscal ~sponsiblilty and unprofessionalism,
according to Media Council chair, Patricia
Foley.
Sholars, who applied for editor last
semester, was only approved by the cotmcil as
acting editor because he did not tum in his
required letters of recommendation.
Sholars said Foley had pressured him to
tum them in so it could be official. "She told
me just to give them any three letters,"
Sholars said.
However, when he did submit the letters to
the council. the council ruled they were
unacceptable because they did not meet their
standards. Foley said that she might have been
responsible for the quality of the letters, "I
should have be.en more specific," she told La
Voz.
Sholars was also removed because of his
alleged inability to handle funds. According to
Daily Collegian business manager John Fry,
~e amount of money Sholars planned to pay
his staff far exceeded his budget .Sholars
offered $60 a month to writers, $70 a month
for a copy editor, $121 a month to his
managing editor, plus <lental benifits for his
entire staff.
After publication of the first issue, Sholars
spent the entire budget allocated for the
semester. '1 was going to hold fund raisers,
and offer my staff the A.S. dental plan,"
Sholars said.
Some have raised questions about the Media
Council's proceedings. In a letter to the
Collegian, Robert Castorena stated that
although he did not know if Sholars was
guilty of the accusations brought against him
by the Collegian staff and the Media Council,
he questioned as to how someone could be
accused, tried and removed in one meeting. He
stated that the process by which the council
proceeded was \Dlethical and bias.
Sholars claims that the Media Council
infonned him that he would be formally
appointed at the meeting and did not expect his
removal. '1f I would have known what they
were going to do, I would have brought some
supporters.
Sholars removal was compared to last year's
incident involving former Daily Collegian
editor Erik Pappa. Pappa was charged with
fiscal irresponsibiliy and insensitivity toward
the minority editions when he threatened to cut
their budgets to $100 per semester and refered
to those that protested as "caged animals.".
After nearly four weeks and several meetings
of Media Council proceedings, it was agreed
that Pappa was guilty. However, The Media
Council, arguing that a government body
should not interfere with the press, would not
remove Pappa from his position as editor; he
was docked two week's pay.
There was a lot of tension and "personality
conflicts" between Sholars and Williams and
the Collegian staff, Sholars said.
At the meeting, a memo submitted by
Williams, Fry, Managing Editor Rudy
Murrieta, and former Freedom and Unity
Managing :&litor Darius Crosby charged
Sholars with mismanagement and poor
behavior.
It was stated in the memo that Sholars said
to Williams" ...I'm going to come after your
business manager..., and then rm -going to
come after you Sarah, and I'm going to get
you."
Sholars claims that this statement is false.
''It was a complete fabrication."
Members of the co\Dlcil claim that the
memo had nothing to do with their decision.
Wilson who made the motion to remove
Sholars told LA Voz that he was not even
See Sholars
Page 4
Kicking Back
Mark Diaz/ ~ Voi
Why are theses students sitting around when there is so much oppression.
Li_bera~ion T~eology:
Latin America's Cathohc movement
By Robert Castorena
Contributing Writer
Latin America is a continent which has
for centuries been W1der the oppressive hand
of the ruling class. In recent years, an
influence within the Roman Catholic
Church has emerged known as liberation
theology.
Presently leading liberation
theologians and scholars are in the
limelight, since the Vatican is greatly
critical of the Marxist concepts borrowed by
liberation theologians.
Liberation theology is of great
importance as an effort is being made to
awaken
the
social
and
political
consciousness of the masses. lfthe effort
succeeds, then a transformation of the Latin
American continent will result When this
transformation occurs, the Catholic Church
will have been a significant participant.
The ruling class and the developed nations,
particularly the United States, resist any
change.
In a legend Central and South American
Indians recounted a prophecy warning of a
foreign people who would return to conquer
them. For centuries the legend conditioned
the indigenous fatalistic attirude:
" then he (Quetzalcoaltl) having preached
on pertinent matters ... and seeing the little
fruit that his doctrine had, returned to the
same place from where he had come, which
was from the east .. and at the time he was
saying farewell to the people he told them
that in a time to come he would rerum and
then his sons would be lords and possess the
earth; but they and their descendents would
go through much calamity and persecution."
This fatalistic attitude prevailed for
centuries and was, until recently, perpetuated
The
Church in Latin America clung for centuries
to the traditional colonial order and resisted
the change occurring in the modem world.
It is the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II)
which is primarily responsible for the
changes occurring worldwide in the Roman
Catholic Church. Thus, slowly the Roman
Catholic Church is in the process of
adapting to the values of the modem world.
Although the Roman Catholic Church has
~n going through the adaptation, the
influence of the Church in Latin American
continues to dominate all aspects of life.
And while the industrial nations' yielded to
materialism in Latin Americ~ Catholicism
deeply influences ninety percent of the
population. The influence is evident in
Latin American religious folklore which
permeates society, and is reflected in the
f ~ g tradition, health, health, education,
social mores and politics.
The Second General Conference of the
Latin ~erican Bishops held in Medellin,
Colombia (~e Medellin Confeience-1968)
had a great tmpact not only within the Latin
American Roman Catholic Church but also
in the social, economic, and 'political
structures of the Latin American continent
One 4rlportant characteristics of the
Medellin. Docu.rnenrs is the urgency of its
call for action.
Th~ d~~ents mention 'the principle of
consc1ent12at1on (meaning the awakening of
the ?lasses to social and political
consc10usness). The process of rn~g the
by the Roman Catholic Church.
masses conscious would enable them to
assume responsibility in civic and political
life.
An important word mentioned
frequently in the Medellin document is
liberation.
It indicates the process of
helping man free himself from the
oppressiveness under which the Latin
Americans fmd themselves. The Medellin
Conferences revitalized the Latin American
Roman Catholic Church. It legitimized
many Christian groups who advocated
structW'al changes. The changes of the
decade (1960s) were thought to have
emanated solely from Marxist groups. In its
revitalization, the Church renewed its
commitment to fight injustice.
Division
resulted in the Church concerning the pace
of change and what was to be the most
effective strategy in achieving justice. An
element within the Church surfaced which
intensified debate and disagreement. This
element raised the issue of using subversive
violence as a means to ending
instirutionalized violence.
The Medellin documents explicitly
condemned subversive violence but some
impatient groups within the Latin American
Catholic
Church
argued
that
the
condemnation of institutionalized violence
expressed by the Medellin
documents
justified the use of subversive violence. In
the groups' advocacy of violence, the
liberation mentioned in the Medellin
documents was reduced to a purely economic
and political dimension. Economically it
desired to break from dependence. while
politically it desired to abolish all
oppressive political power.
Censorship
Of Students
Air Guitar Committee
Violates Civil Liberties
,,
By Bill Lerch
Staff Writer
IWIIAlC
Council Questioned
Ethics Missing in Sholars Removal
La Voz
Staff
Universities should provide a forum and atmosphere where ideas, ideals,
and· idealism flourish. Recently · the Media Council at an emergency meeting
removed Anthony Sholars as acting editor of the Freedom and Unity, the
black students' newspaper. The process by which the council proceeded was
unethical and bias. One has to seriously question how someone can be
accused, tried and removed from a position in one meeting. In a similar
incident last year two minority editors brought grievances against the
e~tor-in-chief of The Daily Collegian. It took the Media Council almost four
weeks to make a decision and after finding the editor guilty the Council
proceeded to protect him by arguing that govern·ment should not interfere
with the media. One must now question the sincerity of that argument.
Secondly, the Media Council appointed an overseer for the Freedom and
Unity. There is no provision in the Media Council bylaws for such action. The
Council, particularly the chair, needs to read. them to ·· know what power
and responsibilities they have. It makes us nervous at La Voz when we
realize that a committee of people that have no concern for the respective
minority communities can make such a quick, almost secret meeting
concerning the very voice of our rights and concerns. Furthermore, the Daily
Collegian, who filed charges against Sholars under the current leadership
has violated the trust of the students by failing to report the incident. The
removal of AnthonySholars was of significant importance not only to black
and other minority students on campus, but to the entire student body.
Certainly students have the right to know what is going on. The credibility
of the Daily Collegian has deteriorated and one can only doubt what is
printed on its pages. The Media Council and the Daily Collegian need to
wake up. They are dealing with people who have the ability to think
critically. Hopefully, the editorial staff of the Collegian will be more
conscientious and have the moral courage to cover such a story.
I have read every argument concerning
the censorship of an Air Guitar act called
"Some Band"
and
their sudden
disqualification .
The problem is not contained within the
lyrics being immoral; rather,the problem
is in the evaluation of accepting a band
for Air Guitar in addition to the
misunderstanding of analyzing artistic
expression. 'Whatever party judged the
band's chosen material for Air Guitar
should deeply consider the civil liberty of
free expression.
Expression through whatever medium
should always, no matter what, be
unrestricted from the despotic, tyrannical
hand of unmerciful arbitrary decision. The
reader should reconsider the prestige of
Vintage Days, for the image has been
slightly rearranged due to the discretion of
the Air Guitar committee.
For
equal
measures,
coordinators
shouldn't be so hedonistic as to exclude
spirited individuals ·from participating in
any aspect of Vintage Days. If it is
necessary to be dogmatic in such
situations , then it should be necessary to
over emphasise the obscene gestures of
Vintage Days participants. One should
refer to the April 29th issue of The Insight
where a yolDlg man · ts clutching his
testicles .. Such expression doesn't disturb
my morals. I believe in freedom to
express.
A panel of discretionuy judges, so to
speak, shouldn't be so demanding as to
coerce enthusiastic people to unknown
standards just because they see it fit to
protect the "integrity "of Vintage Days.
Such action is arbitrary and a travesty oncivil liberties.
California
State University
Fresno
.:-:annot
abandon
it's
students
from
expression. Every party who takes upon
himself the burden to express, should not
be denied with bureaucratic restriction. "
Some Band" has been deprived , too much
to menti.ort. Liberties should not be judged
by people who think they are protecting
the morals of the people. Contrary, it is
immoral to desecrate civil liberties from
the people.
Besides, "Some Band" chose it's
material for Air Guitar for a reason. The
reason is to express a viewpoint for
people to understand. Today, our society
faces a spectrum of dilemma in the social,
economic,and political . world In order to
repair the injury in the social realm, we
ne.ed to encourage not discourage -artistic
expression.
'lhe progress ot tomorrow depends oi.
the unrestricted expression of today. The
Air Guitar committee needs to reevaluate
this year's decision so that Fresno State
won't be victimized by decisiom that
strip to the bone our civil liberties and
intimidate us from participating in campus
wide activities.
Now, reconsideration of whose civil
liberties are supreme should bestow ori
the student population the reality of
participating in Vintage Days. Whose
morals are good? Is it the Anglo-Saxon's
? Should we all be subject to the so-called
White elitist fraternity mentality ? NO!!!!,
I say. Surely, we are not equal in ability
because we exist concurrently.
However,civil liberties and civil rights
should not be dependent on the dogma of
supremacy derived from an arrogant.
ruthless
dictatorship. They should be
respected with . the utmost integrity that
can be bestowed upon virtue.
Vintage Days has discriminated. We, as
srudents, should leam from such an
insolent mistake.
Chicanismo in.1987
H_o w long will the. food sales go on? How many more awards
banquets
m·ust we sponsor until we get what we as a people
really want. Do we even know what we want ? A larger piece of
the A.S. budget pie? How about social and economic equality?
In the 1960s, there were no more than a handful of Chicanos
at Fresno State. They were alone at an institution without
services or organizations that cared about their welfare. They
had no EOP, CLS, or SAA. As a minority group they were not
concerned with how many people would show up to their panel
discussion, or how much money they would make at their next
tostada sale. They were concerned with justice and equality of
opportunity r, words that were not in the least bit abstract or
watered down to them. They were the only ones who would
stand up for what they knew they had the right to.
In the library, as a part of the Fresno State 75th anniversary
photo display, there is a picture of Chicano activists disrupting
a classroom holding a sign that read JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION.
Those were ostensibly the only choices for them; for their very
existence as students. They had no use for a sign that read
ATTEND OUR PANEL DISCUSSION OR REVOLUTION. It would have
been useless to give them a sign that read BUY OUR TOST ADAS
AT NOON OR REVOLUTION. They had only two choices.
Today when we as Chicanos consider our positions as students,
we have to ask ourselves what our choices are. Though there
are approximately fifteen hundred of us at Fresno State we are
still only a handful when one considers that we only amount to
ten percent of the student body vis-a-vis the 30 percent of us in
the community . Though we have organizations and institutions
that supposedly represent our interests, they have for the most
part
become
stagnant
and
bureaucratized.
Recruiting
institutions have seemingly become more interested in
pointing oµt their numbers, and spending there entire budget
allocation, than they are in our promotion.
1
Student organizations seem more concerned with having
parties and fun than they are about the people they left at
home. If we seriously take the time to evaluate our choices
maybe we will find that not much has changed since those
Chicano activists waved their banner. Perhaps we still only
have two choices:JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION. Wake up people you
are still being oppressed.
An article in the Fresno Bee
last Thursday stated clearly
enough that Chicanos are on the very bottom of the economic
and social strata. There are less Chicano professionals than any
other minority group; more Chicanos are dropping out of high
school than any other group of students; Chicana women are
poorer than anyone else. Why? Are we lazy? Are we stupid? NO!!
We are oppressed.
Mexican farmworkers, having struggled diligently for over
two decades still do not have enough clout to merit so much as a
place to wash their hands or to take care of their natural
functions. Is this a manifestation of a just society? Last
November an initiative passed on the ballot making English the
official language of California. Is this _equality? What are we
doing at the university, as students, as future leaders to address
these problems? Holding food sales?
Our potential is awesome.
We are the fastest growing
community in the southwest and are just beginning to use our
political . power. We have role models like Toney Anaya proving
that it can be done. On campus Tovar and Guerra gathered over
60 percent of the entire A.S. presidential vote. All we need to do
is to set our sights on the future of our community; we need to
move in a positive direction and begin seriously considering
our alternatives. We need to change the future not just talk
about it.
Anaya Speaks at Awards Banquet
By Jaime Rodriguez
Staff Writter
Accepting
an
ivitati.on from
the
Chicano-Latino ·
Student
Association,
Toney Anaya, former governor of New
Mexico, was the keynote speaker at the
Chicano/
Hispanic
Student
Awards
Banquet. He emphasized the importance of
communication among Chicano students
and the Chicano community as a whole.
Anaya
stressed
that
"without
communication the potential of the
Hispanic population will not materialize
despite having the largest minority group
-.in the nation."
Since leaving the
governorship in December, he has had the
opportunity to speak across the country
and has been surprised to see so many
Chicanos -who are concentrated primarily
in the Southwest. . He said that ''by
communicating we can make an impact in
the countty.
''There is no need for individualism. It
will take a concentrated effort to infiltrate
the system.
It is with education that
anyone can become a leader of this
country in positions where decisions are
made."
Anaya who has put his political care.er
on hold for now, did say that problems do
arise. That sometimes Hispanics let selfinterest and pride interfere with successful
communication. It is here that mistakes
are made and advancement in the agenda
comes to a halt Being able to interlock
is a result of communication. By talking
with each other and relating ideas we all
succeed in equality.
"Hispanics, Chicanos, Latinos must
develop the tendency to look back and
remember the way they were brought up.
The family structure was an essence among
·many first generation immigrants in this
country. La Raza always solved problems
within the household. It is here ' where
communication is of vital importance. La
Raza needs to iron out its. conflicts and
arguements to proceed with the agenda of a
better tomorrow for all citizens."
Anaya received a rowid of applause after
the statement "In the audience tonight I
see a future governor, a future U.S.
President and many presidents of large
corporations and banks." The people of
this countty all have the same dreams and
personal goals but only those who are
willing to communicate and share their
ambitions will succeed. Why can't it be
the Chicano population who makes the
communication needed to reach these
goals?
"We must speak articulately and write
effectively.
Education leads to a better
relationship among all members of the
cowitry. Education is the one thing that
cannot be taken away from someone. Los
pueden quitar la ropa; los pueden quitar la
comida; los pueden quitar la vida; pero no
los pueden quitar la educacion!"
Chicanos Used ·in US Foreign Policy
Actions taken by both the Carter and
Reagan Administrations suggest that highlevel attention has been given to the
possible use of Chicanos as instrument of
either
U.S. or Mexican/Latin American
state foreign policy.
The Cartee
Administration appointed the Chicano
educator, Dr. Julian Nava, Ambassador to
Mexico. While in itself this appointment
was probably
nothing more than a
• By David Ayon
fleeting (and disappointing) gesture, it
Special to La Voz
does suggest a number of considerationslt
has often been claimed that the huge U.S.
The traditional realist approach to
Embassy in Mexico City houses what may
international relati.ons conceives of the
be the largest Central Intelligence Agency
world as being composed
of
station in the world.
The primary
andiromorphic states or "unified rational
functions of the CIA's major allocation of
actors" with conflicting
interests locked
resources to this location are presumably
in a struggle for power.
A realist or
to counter and penetrate the large and
state-centric approach to foreign
policy
Cuban F.m.bassies there. · U.S. national
generally considers domestic political
security practices undoubtably involve
factors as constraints on the freedom of
extensive penetration of every aspect of
action
of
the
foreign
policy
decision makers
In this view, the
the Mexican political system and foreign
organization
opezating
in
Mexico.
existence
of a
politically
activated
minority community such as Chicanos of their unusual allies among agricultural Substantial intelligence sharing, or any
may be regarded as a potential obstacle to producers and their adversaries~ in the other CIA or Embassy personnel. is
U.S. freedom of action , in particular in labor movement) have apparently a strong Chicano undoubtedly figures prominently in
every compenng organization's dossier.
regard to issues that affect Chicanos ideological componenL
Viewed on the level of international
Cloaks and daggers aside. Mexican
themselves or Mexico.
Evidence for this sort of view that relations, Chicanos can be alternatively presidents since Luis Echeverria have
immediately comes to mind is the role of regarded as a point of vulnerability or a accepted the
utility of establishing
Chicanos
in
the
debate
on
U.S. resource in U.S.-Mexican and U.S.-Latin cooperative
relations
with
Chicano
immigration policy.
Fitting precisely American relations. It is not unlikely that leaders. Led primarily by the U.S.-trained
into the pattern observed in the cases of Chicanos have already attracted the Mexican sociologist Jorge Bustamante, a
many organized economic interest groups attention of government-affiliated analysts small pro-Chicano lobby has emerged in
intervening to
influence U.S.
trade as a potential national security threaL Mexico that has organi:zed educational
policies.
Chicanos have mobilized and Since the assumption by the United States programs, scholarship funds, conferences
utilized Congress as their primary point of a pennanent global role during WWII. and research and publication projects for
and and about Chicanos.
of entry into the decision-making process open disputes have been rare
to block executive branch
initiatives on relatively moderate between the U.S. and
Most
recently,
the
Reagan
It remains to be se.en how Administration has targeted Hispanics as
immigration.
The
Chicano
case Mexico.
distinguishes itself, however, to the extent Chicanos might respond in a crisis of U.S.- either a constituency to cultivate or a
that Chicano lobbying efforts (unlike that Mexico relations.
problem to neutralize in connection with
Chicanos might respond
in a crisis of US-Mexico
Relations
U.S. policy in Cenlral
AmeriCL
Numerous hight-level speeches have been
made before Hispanic groups emphasizing
the Administration's view of the Central
American crisis.
The mayor of San
Antonio, Hemy Cisneros, was appointed
to the Kissinger Commission on Central
America. A Chicana, more or less, has
been promoted from the staff of the Civil
Rights Commission to head the 'White
House .- Office of Public Llason. Lydia
Chavez.
In one of the more ominous recent
developments, the Reagan Administration
invited the overwhelming Latino National
Guard units of Puerto Rico, Texas, and
California to participate in military
manuevers in Honduras. In the Aguas Tara
ill war games Chicano Texas National
Guardsmen played the role of invading
Sandinista soldiers for U.S. and Honduran
Army units to defend against.
Latinos
have been heavily represented among U.S.
military advisers in El Salvador and
Honduras.
It is impossible to detennine the
primary consideration behind these policy
choices.
If Latinos are viewed as a
potential national security vulnerability,
the Administration may be trying to
cultivate loyalty. If Latinos are viewed as
a resource for U.S. Latin America policy,
the gringo Ambassador, CIA officer and
soldier are being replaced with a brown
version presumably more palatable to
Latin Americans.
Chicano Students Win Senate Seats
New· Ideas and a New Direction for Associated Students
Of
the
fifteen
recently
elected
Associated Student Senators, three of them
have
been
active
in
Chicano
origanizations and causes at Fresno State.
Anthony Sote~o. elected Senator at Large,
Frank Aviles, School of Natural Sciences,
and Lupe Tovar, School of Education and
Human Development, will assume their
respective seats in the Fall. Each candidate
will execute plans and ideas that will
certainly represent a broad spectrum of
student intere.'lts and concerns.
Anthony Sotelo, a major in Political
Science, is currently vice president of
Chicanos in Law, a member of the Student
Grievence committee, as well as an active
member of the Chicano- Latino Student
Association, and a singer in his church's
choir. " I plan on getting a lot of Chicano
students
involved
(in
student
government),"
Sotelo
told La Voz.
Chicanos should feel proud about their
positions at Fresno State a:nd to take a
more assertive stance in its governance.
"Students are going to be more active next
year because of the issues brought up
during the election." Sotelo said that he
will continue to bring up those issues
during his term as senator. Next year, he
Sen. Post 2
Anthony Sotelo
Natural Sciences
Sen. Frank Aviles
By Dan/II/ Chacon
La Voz Co-Editor
says, the A.S. will be "no drab boring the school of Natural Sciences
and
bureaucratic work."
Chicanos in particular.
Frank Aviles is a senior majoring in
Since the elections in March he has
mathmatics. He has been active in many already
been
to
many
student
Chicano organizations and has served as organizatioh.s and individuals asking how
he can best represent them. Among other
things he plans on getting to know the
various department heads and professors in
his school and to provide a link between
them,
the students
and
student
government.
Lupe Tovar, a senior in education, has
been a member of the La Voz staff for the
past two years, an active member of
Tewaquachi the American Indian Club, and
co-editor of La Voz. Aviles plans on a former A.S. senator. Tovar has many
representing the campus as a whole land plans begining with forming a council
within his school made up of the various
organizations, members of the faculty, and
the A.S. senator. The purpose of the
council will be to promote and represent
the organizations and students within the
school of Education and provide a network
of communication between them.
"Students should
always come first."
Tovar
Education
Sen. Lup·e Tova,_
r _~.
Tovar also hopes to see more student art
displayed around campus; in the C.U. for
example. "Why should we spend so much
money buying art from non students. We
have plenty of great artists attending
Fresno State and we should display their
work. "One of the greatest problems · in
student · government, says Tovar is the
attitudes of those involved. "They're not a
bunch of tin gods and they shouldn't make
themselves out like that." Tovar believes
that students should always come first.
"They're
s~ding . too
much
on
themselves. We (student government)
should always be the first to make
sacrifices." Tovar believes $7,000 in
travel is excessive.
-cs
Wk
,.,,.
WJo
,.,,.
Wk
Tuesday May 5
MEChA
11:00 am.
12:00pm
1:30pm
presents
,.,,.
Wk
Tarteada
Mariachi Zapopan
Los Alacranes Mojados
Ninos de Aztlan
SEMANA de La Raza
Sunday, May 3
5:00pm
Monday May 4,
11 :00 am-10:00 pm
12pm
Soccer match between CSUF
and University of Sinola
Mexico at Biden Field
Book Fair Art Exibit by
Malaquias Montanya
Panel discussion on Chicano
-,
7:00pm
Central America Panel Discusion
~
Wednesday, May 5
12:00pm
7:00pm
Clovis High Marimba Band
Community night
Speaker: Luis Valdez
Danzantes de Aztlan
Thursday, May 7
Ch'ld
I
ren·s Day
Children's Performances
John Vasquez, Magician
Pinatas and Pan du Ice
Terrel Bell- Former
Secretary of Education
~
"Exellence in Education"
8:00pm
Sponsered by the University
Lecture Series
L:=•==•==»==::>ac:=::>nic:::=:::x1c:==>111c:=:::>1ac:==>nc=~ac==MK==>n4==::,ca-1-c::=:,wt1Joic:::==◄◄i1-tc:==>1w1<1-==::>t◄~•==::>1w:
6pm
literature
Hispanic Excellence Scholarship
Banquet $20. per person, CSUF
Residence Dining Hal for more
information call 294-4775
Poetry group
Friday, May 8
Saturday, May 9
8:00pm
Dance-CB Music Mix
a Week long celebration of Chicano Heritage
May 3-91987
_,.
,.,,.
Sholars
considering anything but poor management
skills demonstrated by his inability to submit
the letters. "He just wasn't completing the
requirements of the job," Wilson said.
Another controversial decision made by the
cowicil was the appointtnent of an "overseer"
to Freedom and Unity. Castorena states that
there is no provision in the bylaws for such a
position and that the cowicil is creating
powers that they do not have. Foley said "
GregBarfield(thecouncil'schoiceforoverseer)
is black. It makes sense."
Sholars told La Voz that they were using
other blacks to justify their decisions. Barfield
stated that "they (the council) were sitting their
talking about what blacks need. I felt I had a
._responsibility to see that the paper dosen't just
sit there after Anthony was removedl felt
responsible for the paper. I was the one to
secure funding last year and am one of the four
people to bring the paper back three years
ago."
9:00 am
11 :0O am
11 :30 am
S:00 pm
StudentsVisit Tijuana
By Anthony Solelo
Staff Writter
The Chicano-Latino studies department
recently sponsored a two-day trip to the
Mexican border city of Tijuana. On March
21, 76 students left Fresno for San Diego.
According to CLS professor Jesus Luna,
the main purpose of the trip
was to
expose students to cultural centers
of
Mexican art in San Diego and in Tijuana.
"Many of the students had never been to a
border town. Perhaps the trip served to
change the views of some students about
Mexico and the border towns," Luna said.
The students arrived in San Diego at
about 2:30 p.m. Saturday. They went on a
two hour tour of the Centro Cultural de La
Raza and saw an atl exibit titled " Border
Realities," which contained various artist's
impressions of the border and its
problems. The students then went to
La Voz
Tijuana and checked into
the. Hotel
Lucerna. Once checked in, the students
were free to enjoy the sites and cuisine of
Tijuana.
Margarito Alcorta, a senior pQlitical
science major, was one of the students
who enjoyed his stay in Mexico. " I did
some shopping with some friends,"
Alcorta said. " I also enjoyed some of the
restaurants, which were inexpensive. You
could have a large dinner for about three
dollars."
.
Sunday afternoon, the group tour~ the
Tijuana Cultural Center. They s11w a · film
title.d "El Pueblo del Sol" (The people of
the sun). The film gave a "breath
taking
" view of Mexico's world-famous sites,
such as · Cancun , Acapulco, Copper
Canyon, and ancient Mayan and Aztec
ruins. The film was shown on a 180 degree
screen at the Omnimax Theatre next to the
museum. After the film, the group departed
back to Fresno State.
The Chicano Perspective
Founded 1968
Co Editors
Stephanie Diaz
Daniel Chacon
WrJtersi
1
Anthony Sotelo
Jaime Rodriguez
Bill Lerch
Robert Castorena
Photos
Lawrence Tovar
Mark Diaz
Art
Stephanie Tovar
Production
Lisa V .Flores
California State University, Fresno
Monday, May 4, 1987
The Daily Collegian
Minority Editor Removed By Council
By Daniel Chacon
La Voz Co Editor
At an emergency meeting of the Media
Council April 8, acting Freedom and Unity
edi1?T Anthony Shollars, was removed by a
unarumous vote.
The charges brought against Shollars were
fiscal ~sponsiblilty and unprofessionalism,
according to Media Council chair, Patricia
Foley.
Sholars, who applied for editor last
semester, was only approved by the cotmcil as
acting editor because he did not tum in his
required letters of recommendation.
Sholars said Foley had pressured him to
tum them in so it could be official. "She told
me just to give them any three letters,"
Sholars said.
However, when he did submit the letters to
the council. the council ruled they were
unacceptable because they did not meet their
standards. Foley said that she might have been
responsible for the quality of the letters, "I
should have be.en more specific," she told La
Voz.
Sholars was also removed because of his
alleged inability to handle funds. According to
Daily Collegian business manager John Fry,
~e amount of money Sholars planned to pay
his staff far exceeded his budget .Sholars
offered $60 a month to writers, $70 a month
for a copy editor, $121 a month to his
managing editor, plus <lental benifits for his
entire staff.
After publication of the first issue, Sholars
spent the entire budget allocated for the
semester. '1 was going to hold fund raisers,
and offer my staff the A.S. dental plan,"
Sholars said.
Some have raised questions about the Media
Council's proceedings. In a letter to the
Collegian, Robert Castorena stated that
although he did not know if Sholars was
guilty of the accusations brought against him
by the Collegian staff and the Media Council,
he questioned as to how someone could be
accused, tried and removed in one meeting. He
stated that the process by which the council
proceeded was \Dlethical and bias.
Sholars claims that the Media Council
infonned him that he would be formally
appointed at the meeting and did not expect his
removal. '1f I would have known what they
were going to do, I would have brought some
supporters.
Sholars removal was compared to last year's
incident involving former Daily Collegian
editor Erik Pappa. Pappa was charged with
fiscal irresponsibiliy and insensitivity toward
the minority editions when he threatened to cut
their budgets to $100 per semester and refered
to those that protested as "caged animals.".
After nearly four weeks and several meetings
of Media Council proceedings, it was agreed
that Pappa was guilty. However, The Media
Council, arguing that a government body
should not interfere with the press, would not
remove Pappa from his position as editor; he
was docked two week's pay.
There was a lot of tension and "personality
conflicts" between Sholars and Williams and
the Collegian staff, Sholars said.
At the meeting, a memo submitted by
Williams, Fry, Managing Editor Rudy
Murrieta, and former Freedom and Unity
Managing :&litor Darius Crosby charged
Sholars with mismanagement and poor
behavior.
It was stated in the memo that Sholars said
to Williams" ...I'm going to come after your
business manager..., and then rm -going to
come after you Sarah, and I'm going to get
you."
Sholars claims that this statement is false.
''It was a complete fabrication."
Members of the co\Dlcil claim that the
memo had nothing to do with their decision.
Wilson who made the motion to remove
Sholars told LA Voz that he was not even
See Sholars
Page 4
Kicking Back
Mark Diaz/ ~ Voi
Why are theses students sitting around when there is so much oppression.
Li_bera~ion T~eology:
Latin America's Cathohc movement
By Robert Castorena
Contributing Writer
Latin America is a continent which has
for centuries been W1der the oppressive hand
of the ruling class. In recent years, an
influence within the Roman Catholic
Church has emerged known as liberation
theology.
Presently leading liberation
theologians and scholars are in the
limelight, since the Vatican is greatly
critical of the Marxist concepts borrowed by
liberation theologians.
Liberation theology is of great
importance as an effort is being made to
awaken
the
social
and
political
consciousness of the masses. lfthe effort
succeeds, then a transformation of the Latin
American continent will result When this
transformation occurs, the Catholic Church
will have been a significant participant.
The ruling class and the developed nations,
particularly the United States, resist any
change.
In a legend Central and South American
Indians recounted a prophecy warning of a
foreign people who would return to conquer
them. For centuries the legend conditioned
the indigenous fatalistic attirude:
" then he (Quetzalcoaltl) having preached
on pertinent matters ... and seeing the little
fruit that his doctrine had, returned to the
same place from where he had come, which
was from the east .. and at the time he was
saying farewell to the people he told them
that in a time to come he would rerum and
then his sons would be lords and possess the
earth; but they and their descendents would
go through much calamity and persecution."
This fatalistic attitude prevailed for
centuries and was, until recently, perpetuated
The
Church in Latin America clung for centuries
to the traditional colonial order and resisted
the change occurring in the modem world.
It is the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II)
which is primarily responsible for the
changes occurring worldwide in the Roman
Catholic Church. Thus, slowly the Roman
Catholic Church is in the process of
adapting to the values of the modem world.
Although the Roman Catholic Church has
~n going through the adaptation, the
influence of the Church in Latin American
continues to dominate all aspects of life.
And while the industrial nations' yielded to
materialism in Latin Americ~ Catholicism
deeply influences ninety percent of the
population. The influence is evident in
Latin American religious folklore which
permeates society, and is reflected in the
f ~ g tradition, health, health, education,
social mores and politics.
The Second General Conference of the
Latin ~erican Bishops held in Medellin,
Colombia (~e Medellin Confeience-1968)
had a great tmpact not only within the Latin
American Roman Catholic Church but also
in the social, economic, and 'political
structures of the Latin American continent
One 4rlportant characteristics of the
Medellin. Docu.rnenrs is the urgency of its
call for action.
Th~ d~~ents mention 'the principle of
consc1ent12at1on (meaning the awakening of
the ?lasses to social and political
consc10usness). The process of rn~g the
by the Roman Catholic Church.
masses conscious would enable them to
assume responsibility in civic and political
life.
An important word mentioned
frequently in the Medellin document is
liberation.
It indicates the process of
helping man free himself from the
oppressiveness under which the Latin
Americans fmd themselves. The Medellin
Conferences revitalized the Latin American
Roman Catholic Church. It legitimized
many Christian groups who advocated
structW'al changes. The changes of the
decade (1960s) were thought to have
emanated solely from Marxist groups. In its
revitalization, the Church renewed its
commitment to fight injustice.
Division
resulted in the Church concerning the pace
of change and what was to be the most
effective strategy in achieving justice. An
element within the Church surfaced which
intensified debate and disagreement. This
element raised the issue of using subversive
violence as a means to ending
instirutionalized violence.
The Medellin documents explicitly
condemned subversive violence but some
impatient groups within the Latin American
Catholic
Church
argued
that
the
condemnation of institutionalized violence
expressed by the Medellin
documents
justified the use of subversive violence. In
the groups' advocacy of violence, the
liberation mentioned in the Medellin
documents was reduced to a purely economic
and political dimension. Economically it
desired to break from dependence. while
politically it desired to abolish all
oppressive political power.
Censorship
Of Students
Air Guitar Committee
Violates Civil Liberties
,,
By Bill Lerch
Staff Writer
IWIIAlC
Council Questioned
Ethics Missing in Sholars Removal
La Voz
Staff
Universities should provide a forum and atmosphere where ideas, ideals,
and· idealism flourish. Recently · the Media Council at an emergency meeting
removed Anthony Sholars as acting editor of the Freedom and Unity, the
black students' newspaper. The process by which the council proceeded was
unethical and bias. One has to seriously question how someone can be
accused, tried and removed from a position in one meeting. In a similar
incident last year two minority editors brought grievances against the
e~tor-in-chief of The Daily Collegian. It took the Media Council almost four
weeks to make a decision and after finding the editor guilty the Council
proceeded to protect him by arguing that govern·ment should not interfere
with the media. One must now question the sincerity of that argument.
Secondly, the Media Council appointed an overseer for the Freedom and
Unity. There is no provision in the Media Council bylaws for such action. The
Council, particularly the chair, needs to read. them to ·· know what power
and responsibilities they have. It makes us nervous at La Voz when we
realize that a committee of people that have no concern for the respective
minority communities can make such a quick, almost secret meeting
concerning the very voice of our rights and concerns. Furthermore, the Daily
Collegian, who filed charges against Sholars under the current leadership
has violated the trust of the students by failing to report the incident. The
removal of AnthonySholars was of significant importance not only to black
and other minority students on campus, but to the entire student body.
Certainly students have the right to know what is going on. The credibility
of the Daily Collegian has deteriorated and one can only doubt what is
printed on its pages. The Media Council and the Daily Collegian need to
wake up. They are dealing with people who have the ability to think
critically. Hopefully, the editorial staff of the Collegian will be more
conscientious and have the moral courage to cover such a story.
I have read every argument concerning
the censorship of an Air Guitar act called
"Some Band"
and
their sudden
disqualification .
The problem is not contained within the
lyrics being immoral; rather,the problem
is in the evaluation of accepting a band
for Air Guitar in addition to the
misunderstanding of analyzing artistic
expression. 'Whatever party judged the
band's chosen material for Air Guitar
should deeply consider the civil liberty of
free expression.
Expression through whatever medium
should always, no matter what, be
unrestricted from the despotic, tyrannical
hand of unmerciful arbitrary decision. The
reader should reconsider the prestige of
Vintage Days, for the image has been
slightly rearranged due to the discretion of
the Air Guitar committee.
For
equal
measures,
coordinators
shouldn't be so hedonistic as to exclude
spirited individuals ·from participating in
any aspect of Vintage Days. If it is
necessary to be dogmatic in such
situations , then it should be necessary to
over emphasise the obscene gestures of
Vintage Days participants. One should
refer to the April 29th issue of The Insight
where a yolDlg man · ts clutching his
testicles .. Such expression doesn't disturb
my morals. I believe in freedom to
express.
A panel of discretionuy judges, so to
speak, shouldn't be so demanding as to
coerce enthusiastic people to unknown
standards just because they see it fit to
protect the "integrity "of Vintage Days.
Such action is arbitrary and a travesty oncivil liberties.
California
State University
Fresno
.:-:annot
abandon
it's
students
from
expression. Every party who takes upon
himself the burden to express, should not
be denied with bureaucratic restriction. "
Some Band" has been deprived , too much
to menti.ort. Liberties should not be judged
by people who think they are protecting
the morals of the people. Contrary, it is
immoral to desecrate civil liberties from
the people.
Besides, "Some Band" chose it's
material for Air Guitar for a reason. The
reason is to express a viewpoint for
people to understand. Today, our society
faces a spectrum of dilemma in the social,
economic,and political . world In order to
repair the injury in the social realm, we
ne.ed to encourage not discourage -artistic
expression.
'lhe progress ot tomorrow depends oi.
the unrestricted expression of today. The
Air Guitar committee needs to reevaluate
this year's decision so that Fresno State
won't be victimized by decisiom that
strip to the bone our civil liberties and
intimidate us from participating in campus
wide activities.
Now, reconsideration of whose civil
liberties are supreme should bestow ori
the student population the reality of
participating in Vintage Days. Whose
morals are good? Is it the Anglo-Saxon's
? Should we all be subject to the so-called
White elitist fraternity mentality ? NO!!!!,
I say. Surely, we are not equal in ability
because we exist concurrently.
However,civil liberties and civil rights
should not be dependent on the dogma of
supremacy derived from an arrogant.
ruthless
dictatorship. They should be
respected with . the utmost integrity that
can be bestowed upon virtue.
Vintage Days has discriminated. We, as
srudents, should leam from such an
insolent mistake.
Chicanismo in.1987
H_o w long will the. food sales go on? How many more awards
banquets
m·ust we sponsor until we get what we as a people
really want. Do we even know what we want ? A larger piece of
the A.S. budget pie? How about social and economic equality?
In the 1960s, there were no more than a handful of Chicanos
at Fresno State. They were alone at an institution without
services or organizations that cared about their welfare. They
had no EOP, CLS, or SAA. As a minority group they were not
concerned with how many people would show up to their panel
discussion, or how much money they would make at their next
tostada sale. They were concerned with justice and equality of
opportunity r, words that were not in the least bit abstract or
watered down to them. They were the only ones who would
stand up for what they knew they had the right to.
In the library, as a part of the Fresno State 75th anniversary
photo display, there is a picture of Chicano activists disrupting
a classroom holding a sign that read JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION.
Those were ostensibly the only choices for them; for their very
existence as students. They had no use for a sign that read
ATTEND OUR PANEL DISCUSSION OR REVOLUTION. It would have
been useless to give them a sign that read BUY OUR TOST ADAS
AT NOON OR REVOLUTION. They had only two choices.
Today when we as Chicanos consider our positions as students,
we have to ask ourselves what our choices are. Though there
are approximately fifteen hundred of us at Fresno State we are
still only a handful when one considers that we only amount to
ten percent of the student body vis-a-vis the 30 percent of us in
the community . Though we have organizations and institutions
that supposedly represent our interests, they have for the most
part
become
stagnant
and
bureaucratized.
Recruiting
institutions have seemingly become more interested in
pointing oµt their numbers, and spending there entire budget
allocation, than they are in our promotion.
1
Student organizations seem more concerned with having
parties and fun than they are about the people they left at
home. If we seriously take the time to evaluate our choices
maybe we will find that not much has changed since those
Chicano activists waved their banner. Perhaps we still only
have two choices:JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION. Wake up people you
are still being oppressed.
An article in the Fresno Bee
last Thursday stated clearly
enough that Chicanos are on the very bottom of the economic
and social strata. There are less Chicano professionals than any
other minority group; more Chicanos are dropping out of high
school than any other group of students; Chicana women are
poorer than anyone else. Why? Are we lazy? Are we stupid? NO!!
We are oppressed.
Mexican farmworkers, having struggled diligently for over
two decades still do not have enough clout to merit so much as a
place to wash their hands or to take care of their natural
functions. Is this a manifestation of a just society? Last
November an initiative passed on the ballot making English the
official language of California. Is this _equality? What are we
doing at the university, as students, as future leaders to address
these problems? Holding food sales?
Our potential is awesome.
We are the fastest growing
community in the southwest and are just beginning to use our
political . power. We have role models like Toney Anaya proving
that it can be done. On campus Tovar and Guerra gathered over
60 percent of the entire A.S. presidential vote. All we need to do
is to set our sights on the future of our community; we need to
move in a positive direction and begin seriously considering
our alternatives. We need to change the future not just talk
about it.
Anaya Speaks at Awards Banquet
By Jaime Rodriguez
Staff Writter
Accepting
an
ivitati.on from
the
Chicano-Latino ·
Student
Association,
Toney Anaya, former governor of New
Mexico, was the keynote speaker at the
Chicano/
Hispanic
Student
Awards
Banquet. He emphasized the importance of
communication among Chicano students
and the Chicano community as a whole.
Anaya
stressed
that
"without
communication the potential of the
Hispanic population will not materialize
despite having the largest minority group
-.in the nation."
Since leaving the
governorship in December, he has had the
opportunity to speak across the country
and has been surprised to see so many
Chicanos -who are concentrated primarily
in the Southwest. . He said that ''by
communicating we can make an impact in
the countty.
''There is no need for individualism. It
will take a concentrated effort to infiltrate
the system.
It is with education that
anyone can become a leader of this
country in positions where decisions are
made."
Anaya who has put his political care.er
on hold for now, did say that problems do
arise. That sometimes Hispanics let selfinterest and pride interfere with successful
communication. It is here that mistakes
are made and advancement in the agenda
comes to a halt Being able to interlock
is a result of communication. By talking
with each other and relating ideas we all
succeed in equality.
"Hispanics, Chicanos, Latinos must
develop the tendency to look back and
remember the way they were brought up.
The family structure was an essence among
·many first generation immigrants in this
country. La Raza always solved problems
within the household. It is here ' where
communication is of vital importance. La
Raza needs to iron out its. conflicts and
arguements to proceed with the agenda of a
better tomorrow for all citizens."
Anaya received a rowid of applause after
the statement "In the audience tonight I
see a future governor, a future U.S.
President and many presidents of large
corporations and banks." The people of
this countty all have the same dreams and
personal goals but only those who are
willing to communicate and share their
ambitions will succeed. Why can't it be
the Chicano population who makes the
communication needed to reach these
goals?
"We must speak articulately and write
effectively.
Education leads to a better
relationship among all members of the
cowitry. Education is the one thing that
cannot be taken away from someone. Los
pueden quitar la ropa; los pueden quitar la
comida; los pueden quitar la vida; pero no
los pueden quitar la educacion!"
Chicanos Used ·in US Foreign Policy
Actions taken by both the Carter and
Reagan Administrations suggest that highlevel attention has been given to the
possible use of Chicanos as instrument of
either
U.S. or Mexican/Latin American
state foreign policy.
The Cartee
Administration appointed the Chicano
educator, Dr. Julian Nava, Ambassador to
Mexico. While in itself this appointment
was probably
nothing more than a
• By David Ayon
fleeting (and disappointing) gesture, it
Special to La Voz
does suggest a number of considerationslt
has often been claimed that the huge U.S.
The traditional realist approach to
Embassy in Mexico City houses what may
international relati.ons conceives of the
be the largest Central Intelligence Agency
world as being composed
of
station in the world.
The primary
andiromorphic states or "unified rational
functions of the CIA's major allocation of
actors" with conflicting
interests locked
resources to this location are presumably
in a struggle for power.
A realist or
to counter and penetrate the large and
state-centric approach to foreign
policy
Cuban F.m.bassies there. · U.S. national
generally considers domestic political
security practices undoubtably involve
factors as constraints on the freedom of
extensive penetration of every aspect of
action
of
the
foreign
policy
decision makers
In this view, the
the Mexican political system and foreign
organization
opezating
in
Mexico.
existence
of a
politically
activated
minority community such as Chicanos of their unusual allies among agricultural Substantial intelligence sharing, or any
may be regarded as a potential obstacle to producers and their adversaries~ in the other CIA or Embassy personnel. is
U.S. freedom of action , in particular in labor movement) have apparently a strong Chicano undoubtedly figures prominently in
every compenng organization's dossier.
regard to issues that affect Chicanos ideological componenL
Viewed on the level of international
Cloaks and daggers aside. Mexican
themselves or Mexico.
Evidence for this sort of view that relations, Chicanos can be alternatively presidents since Luis Echeverria have
immediately comes to mind is the role of regarded as a point of vulnerability or a accepted the
utility of establishing
Chicanos
in
the
debate
on
U.S. resource in U.S.-Mexican and U.S.-Latin cooperative
relations
with
Chicano
immigration policy.
Fitting precisely American relations. It is not unlikely that leaders. Led primarily by the U.S.-trained
into the pattern observed in the cases of Chicanos have already attracted the Mexican sociologist Jorge Bustamante, a
many organized economic interest groups attention of government-affiliated analysts small pro-Chicano lobby has emerged in
intervening to
influence U.S.
trade as a potential national security threaL Mexico that has organi:zed educational
policies.
Chicanos have mobilized and Since the assumption by the United States programs, scholarship funds, conferences
utilized Congress as their primary point of a pennanent global role during WWII. and research and publication projects for
and and about Chicanos.
of entry into the decision-making process open disputes have been rare
to block executive branch
initiatives on relatively moderate between the U.S. and
Most
recently,
the
Reagan
It remains to be se.en how Administration has targeted Hispanics as
immigration.
The
Chicano
case Mexico.
distinguishes itself, however, to the extent Chicanos might respond in a crisis of U.S.- either a constituency to cultivate or a
that Chicano lobbying efforts (unlike that Mexico relations.
problem to neutralize in connection with
Chicanos might respond
in a crisis of US-Mexico
Relations
U.S. policy in Cenlral
AmeriCL
Numerous hight-level speeches have been
made before Hispanic groups emphasizing
the Administration's view of the Central
American crisis.
The mayor of San
Antonio, Hemy Cisneros, was appointed
to the Kissinger Commission on Central
America. A Chicana, more or less, has
been promoted from the staff of the Civil
Rights Commission to head the 'White
House .- Office of Public Llason. Lydia
Chavez.
In one of the more ominous recent
developments, the Reagan Administration
invited the overwhelming Latino National
Guard units of Puerto Rico, Texas, and
California to participate in military
manuevers in Honduras. In the Aguas Tara
ill war games Chicano Texas National
Guardsmen played the role of invading
Sandinista soldiers for U.S. and Honduran
Army units to defend against.
Latinos
have been heavily represented among U.S.
military advisers in El Salvador and
Honduras.
It is impossible to detennine the
primary consideration behind these policy
choices.
If Latinos are viewed as a
potential national security vulnerability,
the Administration may be trying to
cultivate loyalty. If Latinos are viewed as
a resource for U.S. Latin America policy,
the gringo Ambassador, CIA officer and
soldier are being replaced with a brown
version presumably more palatable to
Latin Americans.
Chicano Students Win Senate Seats
New· Ideas and a New Direction for Associated Students
Of
the
fifteen
recently
elected
Associated Student Senators, three of them
have
been
active
in
Chicano
origanizations and causes at Fresno State.
Anthony Sote~o. elected Senator at Large,
Frank Aviles, School of Natural Sciences,
and Lupe Tovar, School of Education and
Human Development, will assume their
respective seats in the Fall. Each candidate
will execute plans and ideas that will
certainly represent a broad spectrum of
student intere.'lts and concerns.
Anthony Sotelo, a major in Political
Science, is currently vice president of
Chicanos in Law, a member of the Student
Grievence committee, as well as an active
member of the Chicano- Latino Student
Association, and a singer in his church's
choir. " I plan on getting a lot of Chicano
students
involved
(in
student
government),"
Sotelo
told La Voz.
Chicanos should feel proud about their
positions at Fresno State a:nd to take a
more assertive stance in its governance.
"Students are going to be more active next
year because of the issues brought up
during the election." Sotelo said that he
will continue to bring up those issues
during his term as senator. Next year, he
Sen. Post 2
Anthony Sotelo
Natural Sciences
Sen. Frank Aviles
By Dan/II/ Chacon
La Voz Co-Editor
says, the A.S. will be "no drab boring the school of Natural Sciences
and
bureaucratic work."
Chicanos in particular.
Frank Aviles is a senior majoring in
Since the elections in March he has
mathmatics. He has been active in many already
been
to
many
student
Chicano organizations and has served as organizatioh.s and individuals asking how
he can best represent them. Among other
things he plans on getting to know the
various department heads and professors in
his school and to provide a link between
them,
the students
and
student
government.
Lupe Tovar, a senior in education, has
been a member of the La Voz staff for the
past two years, an active member of
Tewaquachi the American Indian Club, and
co-editor of La Voz. Aviles plans on a former A.S. senator. Tovar has many
representing the campus as a whole land plans begining with forming a council
within his school made up of the various
organizations, members of the faculty, and
the A.S. senator. The purpose of the
council will be to promote and represent
the organizations and students within the
school of Education and provide a network
of communication between them.
"Students should
always come first."
Tovar
Education
Sen. Lup·e Tova,_
r _~.
Tovar also hopes to see more student art
displayed around campus; in the C.U. for
example. "Why should we spend so much
money buying art from non students. We
have plenty of great artists attending
Fresno State and we should display their
work. "One of the greatest problems · in
student · government, says Tovar is the
attitudes of those involved. "They're not a
bunch of tin gods and they shouldn't make
themselves out like that." Tovar believes
that students should always come first.
"They're
s~ding . too
much
on
themselves. We (student government)
should always be the first to make
sacrifices." Tovar believes $7,000 in
travel is excessive.
-cs
Wk
,.,,.
WJo
,.,,.
Wk
Tuesday May 5
MEChA
11:00 am.
12:00pm
1:30pm
presents
,.,,.
Wk
Tarteada
Mariachi Zapopan
Los Alacranes Mojados
Ninos de Aztlan
SEMANA de La Raza
Sunday, May 3
5:00pm
Monday May 4,
11 :00 am-10:00 pm
12pm
Soccer match between CSUF
and University of Sinola
Mexico at Biden Field
Book Fair Art Exibit by
Malaquias Montanya
Panel discussion on Chicano
-,
7:00pm
Central America Panel Discusion
~
Wednesday, May 5
12:00pm
7:00pm
Clovis High Marimba Band
Community night
Speaker: Luis Valdez
Danzantes de Aztlan
Thursday, May 7
Ch'ld
I
ren·s Day
Children's Performances
John Vasquez, Magician
Pinatas and Pan du Ice
Terrel Bell- Former
Secretary of Education
~
"Exellence in Education"
8:00pm
Sponsered by the University
Lecture Series
L:=•==•==»==::>ac:=::>nic:::=:::x1c:==>111c:=:::>1ac:==>nc=~ac==MK==>n4==::,ca-1-c::=:,wt1Joic:::==◄◄i1-tc:==>1w1<1-==::>t◄~•==::>1w:
6pm
literature
Hispanic Excellence Scholarship
Banquet $20. per person, CSUF
Residence Dining Hal for more
information call 294-4775
Poetry group
Friday, May 8
Saturday, May 9
8:00pm
Dance-CB Music Mix
a Week long celebration of Chicano Heritage
May 3-91987
_,.
,.,,.
Sholars
considering anything but poor management
skills demonstrated by his inability to submit
the letters. "He just wasn't completing the
requirements of the job," Wilson said.
Another controversial decision made by the
cowicil was the appointtnent of an "overseer"
to Freedom and Unity. Castorena states that
there is no provision in the bylaws for such a
position and that the cowicil is creating
powers that they do not have. Foley said "
GregBarfield(thecouncil'schoiceforoverseer)
is black. It makes sense."
Sholars told La Voz that they were using
other blacks to justify their decisions. Barfield
stated that "they (the council) were sitting their
talking about what blacks need. I felt I had a
._responsibility to see that the paper dosen't just
sit there after Anthony was removedl felt
responsible for the paper. I was the one to
secure funding last year and am one of the four
people to bring the paper back three years
ago."
9:00 am
11 :0O am
11 :30 am
S:00 pm
StudentsVisit Tijuana
By Anthony Solelo
Staff Writter
The Chicano-Latino studies department
recently sponsored a two-day trip to the
Mexican border city of Tijuana. On March
21, 76 students left Fresno for San Diego.
According to CLS professor Jesus Luna,
the main purpose of the trip
was to
expose students to cultural centers
of
Mexican art in San Diego and in Tijuana.
"Many of the students had never been to a
border town. Perhaps the trip served to
change the views of some students about
Mexico and the border towns," Luna said.
The students arrived in San Diego at
about 2:30 p.m. Saturday. They went on a
two hour tour of the Centro Cultural de La
Raza and saw an atl exibit titled " Border
Realities," which contained various artist's
impressions of the border and its
problems. The students then went to
La Voz
Tijuana and checked into
the. Hotel
Lucerna. Once checked in, the students
were free to enjoy the sites and cuisine of
Tijuana.
Margarito Alcorta, a senior pQlitical
science major, was one of the students
who enjoyed his stay in Mexico. " I did
some shopping with some friends,"
Alcorta said. " I also enjoyed some of the
restaurants, which were inexpensive. You
could have a large dinner for about three
dollars."
.
Sunday afternoon, the group tour~ the
Tijuana Cultural Center. They s11w a · film
title.d "El Pueblo del Sol" (The people of
the sun). The film gave a "breath
taking
" view of Mexico's world-famous sites,
such as · Cancun , Acapulco, Copper
Canyon, and ancient Mayan and Aztec
ruins. The film was shown on a 180 degree
screen at the Omnimax Theatre next to the
museum. After the film, the group departed
back to Fresno State.
The Chicano Perspective
Founded 1968
Co Editors
Stephanie Diaz
Daniel Chacon
WrJtersi
1
Anthony Sotelo
Jaime Rodriguez
Bill Lerch
Robert Castorena
Photos
Lawrence Tovar
Mark Diaz
Art
Stephanie Tovar
Production
Lisa V .Flores
Monday, May 4, 1987
The Daily Collegian
Minority Editor Removed By Council
By Daniel Chacon
La Voz Co Editor
At an emergency meeting of the Media
Council April 8, acting Freedom and Unity
edi1?T Anthony Shollars, was removed by a
unarumous vote.
The charges brought against Shollars were
fiscal ~sponsiblilty and unprofessionalism,
according to Media Council chair, Patricia
Foley.
Sholars, who applied for editor last
semester, was only approved by the cotmcil as
acting editor because he did not tum in his
required letters of recommendation.
Sholars said Foley had pressured him to
tum them in so it could be official. "She told
me just to give them any three letters,"
Sholars said.
However, when he did submit the letters to
the council. the council ruled they were
unacceptable because they did not meet their
standards. Foley said that she might have been
responsible for the quality of the letters, "I
should have be.en more specific," she told La
Voz.
Sholars was also removed because of his
alleged inability to handle funds. According to
Daily Collegian business manager John Fry,
~e amount of money Sholars planned to pay
his staff far exceeded his budget .Sholars
offered $60 a month to writers, $70 a month
for a copy editor, $121 a month to his
managing editor, plus <lental benifits for his
entire staff.
After publication of the first issue, Sholars
spent the entire budget allocated for the
semester. '1 was going to hold fund raisers,
and offer my staff the A.S. dental plan,"
Sholars said.
Some have raised questions about the Media
Council's proceedings. In a letter to the
Collegian, Robert Castorena stated that
although he did not know if Sholars was
guilty of the accusations brought against him
by the Collegian staff and the Media Council,
he questioned as to how someone could be
accused, tried and removed in one meeting. He
stated that the process by which the council
proceeded was \Dlethical and bias.
Sholars claims that the Media Council
infonned him that he would be formally
appointed at the meeting and did not expect his
removal. '1f I would have known what they
were going to do, I would have brought some
supporters.
Sholars removal was compared to last year's
incident involving former Daily Collegian
editor Erik Pappa. Pappa was charged with
fiscal irresponsibiliy and insensitivity toward
the minority editions when he threatened to cut
their budgets to $100 per semester and refered
to those that protested as "caged animals.".
After nearly four weeks and several meetings
of Media Council proceedings, it was agreed
that Pappa was guilty. However, The Media
Council, arguing that a government body
should not interfere with the press, would not
remove Pappa from his position as editor; he
was docked two week's pay.
There was a lot of tension and "personality
conflicts" between Sholars and Williams and
the Collegian staff, Sholars said.
At the meeting, a memo submitted by
Williams, Fry, Managing Editor Rudy
Murrieta, and former Freedom and Unity
Managing :&litor Darius Crosby charged
Sholars with mismanagement and poor
behavior.
It was stated in the memo that Sholars said
to Williams" ...I'm going to come after your
business manager..., and then rm -going to
come after you Sarah, and I'm going to get
you."
Sholars claims that this statement is false.
''It was a complete fabrication."
Members of the co\Dlcil claim that the
memo had nothing to do with their decision.
Wilson who made the motion to remove
Sholars told LA Voz that he was not even
See Sholars
Page 4
Kicking Back
Mark Diaz/ ~ Voi
Why are theses students sitting around when there is so much oppression.
Li_bera~ion T~eology:
Latin America's Cathohc movement
By Robert Castorena
Contributing Writer
Latin America is a continent which has
for centuries been W1der the oppressive hand
of the ruling class. In recent years, an
influence within the Roman Catholic
Church has emerged known as liberation
theology.
Presently leading liberation
theologians and scholars are in the
limelight, since the Vatican is greatly
critical of the Marxist concepts borrowed by
liberation theologians.
Liberation theology is of great
importance as an effort is being made to
awaken
the
social
and
political
consciousness of the masses. lfthe effort
succeeds, then a transformation of the Latin
American continent will result When this
transformation occurs, the Catholic Church
will have been a significant participant.
The ruling class and the developed nations,
particularly the United States, resist any
change.
In a legend Central and South American
Indians recounted a prophecy warning of a
foreign people who would return to conquer
them. For centuries the legend conditioned
the indigenous fatalistic attirude:
" then he (Quetzalcoaltl) having preached
on pertinent matters ... and seeing the little
fruit that his doctrine had, returned to the
same place from where he had come, which
was from the east .. and at the time he was
saying farewell to the people he told them
that in a time to come he would rerum and
then his sons would be lords and possess the
earth; but they and their descendents would
go through much calamity and persecution."
This fatalistic attitude prevailed for
centuries and was, until recently, perpetuated
The
Church in Latin America clung for centuries
to the traditional colonial order and resisted
the change occurring in the modem world.
It is the Second Vatican Council (Vatican II)
which is primarily responsible for the
changes occurring worldwide in the Roman
Catholic Church. Thus, slowly the Roman
Catholic Church is in the process of
adapting to the values of the modem world.
Although the Roman Catholic Church has
~n going through the adaptation, the
influence of the Church in Latin American
continues to dominate all aspects of life.
And while the industrial nations' yielded to
materialism in Latin Americ~ Catholicism
deeply influences ninety percent of the
population. The influence is evident in
Latin American religious folklore which
permeates society, and is reflected in the
f ~ g tradition, health, health, education,
social mores and politics.
The Second General Conference of the
Latin ~erican Bishops held in Medellin,
Colombia (~e Medellin Confeience-1968)
had a great tmpact not only within the Latin
American Roman Catholic Church but also
in the social, economic, and 'political
structures of the Latin American continent
One 4rlportant characteristics of the
Medellin. Docu.rnenrs is the urgency of its
call for action.
Th~ d~~ents mention 'the principle of
consc1ent12at1on (meaning the awakening of
the ?lasses to social and political
consc10usness). The process of rn~g the
by the Roman Catholic Church.
masses conscious would enable them to
assume responsibility in civic and political
life.
An important word mentioned
frequently in the Medellin document is
liberation.
It indicates the process of
helping man free himself from the
oppressiveness under which the Latin
Americans fmd themselves. The Medellin
Conferences revitalized the Latin American
Roman Catholic Church. It legitimized
many Christian groups who advocated
structW'al changes. The changes of the
decade (1960s) were thought to have
emanated solely from Marxist groups. In its
revitalization, the Church renewed its
commitment to fight injustice.
Division
resulted in the Church concerning the pace
of change and what was to be the most
effective strategy in achieving justice. An
element within the Church surfaced which
intensified debate and disagreement. This
element raised the issue of using subversive
violence as a means to ending
instirutionalized violence.
The Medellin documents explicitly
condemned subversive violence but some
impatient groups within the Latin American
Catholic
Church
argued
that
the
condemnation of institutionalized violence
expressed by the Medellin
documents
justified the use of subversive violence. In
the groups' advocacy of violence, the
liberation mentioned in the Medellin
documents was reduced to a purely economic
and political dimension. Economically it
desired to break from dependence. while
politically it desired to abolish all
oppressive political power.
Censorship
Of Students
Air Guitar Committee
Violates Civil Liberties
,,
By Bill Lerch
Staff Writer
IWIIAlC
Council Questioned
Ethics Missing in Sholars Removal
La Voz
Staff
Universities should provide a forum and atmosphere where ideas, ideals,
and· idealism flourish. Recently · the Media Council at an emergency meeting
removed Anthony Sholars as acting editor of the Freedom and Unity, the
black students' newspaper. The process by which the council proceeded was
unethical and bias. One has to seriously question how someone can be
accused, tried and removed from a position in one meeting. In a similar
incident last year two minority editors brought grievances against the
e~tor-in-chief of The Daily Collegian. It took the Media Council almost four
weeks to make a decision and after finding the editor guilty the Council
proceeded to protect him by arguing that govern·ment should not interfere
with the media. One must now question the sincerity of that argument.
Secondly, the Media Council appointed an overseer for the Freedom and
Unity. There is no provision in the Media Council bylaws for such action. The
Council, particularly the chair, needs to read. them to ·· know what power
and responsibilities they have. It makes us nervous at La Voz when we
realize that a committee of people that have no concern for the respective
minority communities can make such a quick, almost secret meeting
concerning the very voice of our rights and concerns. Furthermore, the Daily
Collegian, who filed charges against Sholars under the current leadership
has violated the trust of the students by failing to report the incident. The
removal of AnthonySholars was of significant importance not only to black
and other minority students on campus, but to the entire student body.
Certainly students have the right to know what is going on. The credibility
of the Daily Collegian has deteriorated and one can only doubt what is
printed on its pages. The Media Council and the Daily Collegian need to
wake up. They are dealing with people who have the ability to think
critically. Hopefully, the editorial staff of the Collegian will be more
conscientious and have the moral courage to cover such a story.
I have read every argument concerning
the censorship of an Air Guitar act called
"Some Band"
and
their sudden
disqualification .
The problem is not contained within the
lyrics being immoral; rather,the problem
is in the evaluation of accepting a band
for Air Guitar in addition to the
misunderstanding of analyzing artistic
expression. 'Whatever party judged the
band's chosen material for Air Guitar
should deeply consider the civil liberty of
free expression.
Expression through whatever medium
should always, no matter what, be
unrestricted from the despotic, tyrannical
hand of unmerciful arbitrary decision. The
reader should reconsider the prestige of
Vintage Days, for the image has been
slightly rearranged due to the discretion of
the Air Guitar committee.
For
equal
measures,
coordinators
shouldn't be so hedonistic as to exclude
spirited individuals ·from participating in
any aspect of Vintage Days. If it is
necessary to be dogmatic in such
situations , then it should be necessary to
over emphasise the obscene gestures of
Vintage Days participants. One should
refer to the April 29th issue of The Insight
where a yolDlg man · ts clutching his
testicles .. Such expression doesn't disturb
my morals. I believe in freedom to
express.
A panel of discretionuy judges, so to
speak, shouldn't be so demanding as to
coerce enthusiastic people to unknown
standards just because they see it fit to
protect the "integrity "of Vintage Days.
Such action is arbitrary and a travesty oncivil liberties.
California
State University
Fresno
.:-:annot
abandon
it's
students
from
expression. Every party who takes upon
himself the burden to express, should not
be denied with bureaucratic restriction. "
Some Band" has been deprived , too much
to menti.ort. Liberties should not be judged
by people who think they are protecting
the morals of the people. Contrary, it is
immoral to desecrate civil liberties from
the people.
Besides, "Some Band" chose it's
material for Air Guitar for a reason. The
reason is to express a viewpoint for
people to understand. Today, our society
faces a spectrum of dilemma in the social,
economic,and political . world In order to
repair the injury in the social realm, we
ne.ed to encourage not discourage -artistic
expression.
'lhe progress ot tomorrow depends oi.
the unrestricted expression of today. The
Air Guitar committee needs to reevaluate
this year's decision so that Fresno State
won't be victimized by decisiom that
strip to the bone our civil liberties and
intimidate us from participating in campus
wide activities.
Now, reconsideration of whose civil
liberties are supreme should bestow ori
the student population the reality of
participating in Vintage Days. Whose
morals are good? Is it the Anglo-Saxon's
? Should we all be subject to the so-called
White elitist fraternity mentality ? NO!!!!,
I say. Surely, we are not equal in ability
because we exist concurrently.
However,civil liberties and civil rights
should not be dependent on the dogma of
supremacy derived from an arrogant.
ruthless
dictatorship. They should be
respected with . the utmost integrity that
can be bestowed upon virtue.
Vintage Days has discriminated. We, as
srudents, should leam from such an
insolent mistake.
Chicanismo in.1987
H_o w long will the. food sales go on? How many more awards
banquets
m·ust we sponsor until we get what we as a people
really want. Do we even know what we want ? A larger piece of
the A.S. budget pie? How about social and economic equality?
In the 1960s, there were no more than a handful of Chicanos
at Fresno State. They were alone at an institution without
services or organizations that cared about their welfare. They
had no EOP, CLS, or SAA. As a minority group they were not
concerned with how many people would show up to their panel
discussion, or how much money they would make at their next
tostada sale. They were concerned with justice and equality of
opportunity r, words that were not in the least bit abstract or
watered down to them. They were the only ones who would
stand up for what they knew they had the right to.
In the library, as a part of the Fresno State 75th anniversary
photo display, there is a picture of Chicano activists disrupting
a classroom holding a sign that read JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION.
Those were ostensibly the only choices for them; for their very
existence as students. They had no use for a sign that read
ATTEND OUR PANEL DISCUSSION OR REVOLUTION. It would have
been useless to give them a sign that read BUY OUR TOST ADAS
AT NOON OR REVOLUTION. They had only two choices.
Today when we as Chicanos consider our positions as students,
we have to ask ourselves what our choices are. Though there
are approximately fifteen hundred of us at Fresno State we are
still only a handful when one considers that we only amount to
ten percent of the student body vis-a-vis the 30 percent of us in
the community . Though we have organizations and institutions
that supposedly represent our interests, they have for the most
part
become
stagnant
and
bureaucratized.
Recruiting
institutions have seemingly become more interested in
pointing oµt their numbers, and spending there entire budget
allocation, than they are in our promotion.
1
Student organizations seem more concerned with having
parties and fun than they are about the people they left at
home. If we seriously take the time to evaluate our choices
maybe we will find that not much has changed since those
Chicano activists waved their banner. Perhaps we still only
have two choices:JUSTICE OR REVOLUTION. Wake up people you
are still being oppressed.
An article in the Fresno Bee
last Thursday stated clearly
enough that Chicanos are on the very bottom of the economic
and social strata. There are less Chicano professionals than any
other minority group; more Chicanos are dropping out of high
school than any other group of students; Chicana women are
poorer than anyone else. Why? Are we lazy? Are we stupid? NO!!
We are oppressed.
Mexican farmworkers, having struggled diligently for over
two decades still do not have enough clout to merit so much as a
place to wash their hands or to take care of their natural
functions. Is this a manifestation of a just society? Last
November an initiative passed on the ballot making English the
official language of California. Is this _equality? What are we
doing at the university, as students, as future leaders to address
these problems? Holding food sales?
Our potential is awesome.
We are the fastest growing
community in the southwest and are just beginning to use our
political . power. We have role models like Toney Anaya proving
that it can be done. On campus Tovar and Guerra gathered over
60 percent of the entire A.S. presidential vote. All we need to do
is to set our sights on the future of our community; we need to
move in a positive direction and begin seriously considering
our alternatives. We need to change the future not just talk
about it.
Anaya Speaks at Awards Banquet
By Jaime Rodriguez
Staff Writter
Accepting
an
ivitati.on from
the
Chicano-Latino ·
Student
Association,
Toney Anaya, former governor of New
Mexico, was the keynote speaker at the
Chicano/
Hispanic
Student
Awards
Banquet. He emphasized the importance of
communication among Chicano students
and the Chicano community as a whole.
Anaya
stressed
that
"without
communication the potential of the
Hispanic population will not materialize
despite having the largest minority group
-.in the nation."
Since leaving the
governorship in December, he has had the
opportunity to speak across the country
and has been surprised to see so many
Chicanos -who are concentrated primarily
in the Southwest. . He said that ''by
communicating we can make an impact in
the countty.
''There is no need for individualism. It
will take a concentrated effort to infiltrate
the system.
It is with education that
anyone can become a leader of this
country in positions where decisions are
made."
Anaya who has put his political care.er
on hold for now, did say that problems do
arise. That sometimes Hispanics let selfinterest and pride interfere with successful
communication. It is here that mistakes
are made and advancement in the agenda
comes to a halt Being able to interlock
is a result of communication. By talking
with each other and relating ideas we all
succeed in equality.
"Hispanics, Chicanos, Latinos must
develop the tendency to look back and
remember the way they were brought up.
The family structure was an essence among
·many first generation immigrants in this
country. La Raza always solved problems
within the household. It is here ' where
communication is of vital importance. La
Raza needs to iron out its. conflicts and
arguements to proceed with the agenda of a
better tomorrow for all citizens."
Anaya received a rowid of applause after
the statement "In the audience tonight I
see a future governor, a future U.S.
President and many presidents of large
corporations and banks." The people of
this countty all have the same dreams and
personal goals but only those who are
willing to communicate and share their
ambitions will succeed. Why can't it be
the Chicano population who makes the
communication needed to reach these
goals?
"We must speak articulately and write
effectively.
Education leads to a better
relationship among all members of the
cowitry. Education is the one thing that
cannot be taken away from someone. Los
pueden quitar la ropa; los pueden quitar la
comida; los pueden quitar la vida; pero no
los pueden quitar la educacion!"
Chicanos Used ·in US Foreign Policy
Actions taken by both the Carter and
Reagan Administrations suggest that highlevel attention has been given to the
possible use of Chicanos as instrument of
either
U.S. or Mexican/Latin American
state foreign policy.
The Cartee
Administration appointed the Chicano
educator, Dr. Julian Nava, Ambassador to
Mexico. While in itself this appointment
was probably
nothing more than a
• By David Ayon
fleeting (and disappointing) gesture, it
Special to La Voz
does suggest a number of considerationslt
has often been claimed that the huge U.S.
The traditional realist approach to
Embassy in Mexico City houses what may
international relati.ons conceives of the
be the largest Central Intelligence Agency
world as being composed
of
station in the world.
The primary
andiromorphic states or "unified rational
functions of the CIA's major allocation of
actors" with conflicting
interests locked
resources to this location are presumably
in a struggle for power.
A realist or
to counter and penetrate the large and
state-centric approach to foreign
policy
Cuban F.m.bassies there. · U.S. national
generally considers domestic political
security practices undoubtably involve
factors as constraints on the freedom of
extensive penetration of every aspect of
action
of
the
foreign
policy
decision makers
In this view, the
the Mexican political system and foreign
organization
opezating
in
Mexico.
existence
of a
politically
activated
minority community such as Chicanos of their unusual allies among agricultural Substantial intelligence sharing, or any
may be regarded as a potential obstacle to producers and their adversaries~ in the other CIA or Embassy personnel. is
U.S. freedom of action , in particular in labor movement) have apparently a strong Chicano undoubtedly figures prominently in
every compenng organization's dossier.
regard to issues that affect Chicanos ideological componenL
Viewed on the level of international
Cloaks and daggers aside. Mexican
themselves or Mexico.
Evidence for this sort of view that relations, Chicanos can be alternatively presidents since Luis Echeverria have
immediately comes to mind is the role of regarded as a point of vulnerability or a accepted the
utility of establishing
Chicanos
in
the
debate
on
U.S. resource in U.S.-Mexican and U.S.-Latin cooperative
relations
with
Chicano
immigration policy.
Fitting precisely American relations. It is not unlikely that leaders. Led primarily by the U.S.-trained
into the pattern observed in the cases of Chicanos have already attracted the Mexican sociologist Jorge Bustamante, a
many organized economic interest groups attention of government-affiliated analysts small pro-Chicano lobby has emerged in
intervening to
influence U.S.
trade as a potential national security threaL Mexico that has organi:zed educational
policies.
Chicanos have mobilized and Since the assumption by the United States programs, scholarship funds, conferences
utilized Congress as their primary point of a pennanent global role during WWII. and research and publication projects for
and and about Chicanos.
of entry into the decision-making process open disputes have been rare
to block executive branch
initiatives on relatively moderate between the U.S. and
Most
recently,
the
Reagan
It remains to be se.en how Administration has targeted Hispanics as
immigration.
The
Chicano
case Mexico.
distinguishes itself, however, to the extent Chicanos might respond in a crisis of U.S.- either a constituency to cultivate or a
that Chicano lobbying efforts (unlike that Mexico relations.
problem to neutralize in connection with
Chicanos might respond
in a crisis of US-Mexico
Relations
U.S. policy in Cenlral
AmeriCL
Numerous hight-level speeches have been
made before Hispanic groups emphasizing
the Administration's view of the Central
American crisis.
The mayor of San
Antonio, Hemy Cisneros, was appointed
to the Kissinger Commission on Central
America. A Chicana, more or less, has
been promoted from the staff of the Civil
Rights Commission to head the 'White
House .- Office of Public Llason. Lydia
Chavez.
In one of the more ominous recent
developments, the Reagan Administration
invited the overwhelming Latino National
Guard units of Puerto Rico, Texas, and
California to participate in military
manuevers in Honduras. In the Aguas Tara
ill war games Chicano Texas National
Guardsmen played the role of invading
Sandinista soldiers for U.S. and Honduran
Army units to defend against.
Latinos
have been heavily represented among U.S.
military advisers in El Salvador and
Honduras.
It is impossible to detennine the
primary consideration behind these policy
choices.
If Latinos are viewed as a
potential national security vulnerability,
the Administration may be trying to
cultivate loyalty. If Latinos are viewed as
a resource for U.S. Latin America policy,
the gringo Ambassador, CIA officer and
soldier are being replaced with a brown
version presumably more palatable to
Latin Americans.
Chicano Students Win Senate Seats
New· Ideas and a New Direction for Associated Students
Of
the
fifteen
recently
elected
Associated Student Senators, three of them
have
been
active
in
Chicano
origanizations and causes at Fresno State.
Anthony Sote~o. elected Senator at Large,
Frank Aviles, School of Natural Sciences,
and Lupe Tovar, School of Education and
Human Development, will assume their
respective seats in the Fall. Each candidate
will execute plans and ideas that will
certainly represent a broad spectrum of
student intere.'lts and concerns.
Anthony Sotelo, a major in Political
Science, is currently vice president of
Chicanos in Law, a member of the Student
Grievence committee, as well as an active
member of the Chicano- Latino Student
Association, and a singer in his church's
choir. " I plan on getting a lot of Chicano
students
involved
(in
student
government),"
Sotelo
told La Voz.
Chicanos should feel proud about their
positions at Fresno State a:nd to take a
more assertive stance in its governance.
"Students are going to be more active next
year because of the issues brought up
during the election." Sotelo said that he
will continue to bring up those issues
during his term as senator. Next year, he
Sen. Post 2
Anthony Sotelo
Natural Sciences
Sen. Frank Aviles
By Dan/II/ Chacon
La Voz Co-Editor
says, the A.S. will be "no drab boring the school of Natural Sciences
and
bureaucratic work."
Chicanos in particular.
Frank Aviles is a senior majoring in
Since the elections in March he has
mathmatics. He has been active in many already
been
to
many
student
Chicano organizations and has served as organizatioh.s and individuals asking how
he can best represent them. Among other
things he plans on getting to know the
various department heads and professors in
his school and to provide a link between
them,
the students
and
student
government.
Lupe Tovar, a senior in education, has
been a member of the La Voz staff for the
past two years, an active member of
Tewaquachi the American Indian Club, and
co-editor of La Voz. Aviles plans on a former A.S. senator. Tovar has many
representing the campus as a whole land plans begining with forming a council
within his school made up of the various
organizations, members of the faculty, and
the A.S. senator. The purpose of the
council will be to promote and represent
the organizations and students within the
school of Education and provide a network
of communication between them.
"Students should
always come first."
Tovar
Education
Sen. Lup·e Tova,_
r _~.
Tovar also hopes to see more student art
displayed around campus; in the C.U. for
example. "Why should we spend so much
money buying art from non students. We
have plenty of great artists attending
Fresno State and we should display their
work. "One of the greatest problems · in
student · government, says Tovar is the
attitudes of those involved. "They're not a
bunch of tin gods and they shouldn't make
themselves out like that." Tovar believes
that students should always come first.
"They're
s~ding . too
much
on
themselves. We (student government)
should always be the first to make
sacrifices." Tovar believes $7,000 in
travel is excessive.
-cs
Wk
,.,,.
WJo
,.,,.
Wk
Tuesday May 5
MEChA
11:00 am.
12:00pm
1:30pm
presents
,.,,.
Wk
Tarteada
Mariachi Zapopan
Los Alacranes Mojados
Ninos de Aztlan
SEMANA de La Raza
Sunday, May 3
5:00pm
Monday May 4,
11 :00 am-10:00 pm
12pm
Soccer match between CSUF
and University of Sinola
Mexico at Biden Field
Book Fair Art Exibit by
Malaquias Montanya
Panel discussion on Chicano
-,
7:00pm
Central America Panel Discusion
~
Wednesday, May 5
12:00pm
7:00pm
Clovis High Marimba Band
Community night
Speaker: Luis Valdez
Danzantes de Aztlan
Thursday, May 7
Ch'ld
I
ren·s Day
Children's Performances
John Vasquez, Magician
Pinatas and Pan du Ice
Terrel Bell- Former
Secretary of Education
~
"Exellence in Education"
8:00pm
Sponsered by the University
Lecture Series
L:=•==•==»==::>ac:=::>nic:::=:::x1c:==>111c:=:::>1ac:==>nc=~ac==MK==>n4==::,ca-1-c::=:,wt1Joic:::==◄◄i1-tc:==>1w1<1-==::>t◄~•==::>1w:
6pm
literature
Hispanic Excellence Scholarship
Banquet $20. per person, CSUF
Residence Dining Hal for more
information call 294-4775
Poetry group
Friday, May 8
Saturday, May 9
8:00pm
Dance-CB Music Mix
a Week long celebration of Chicano Heritage
May 3-91987
_,.
,.,,.
Sholars
considering anything but poor management
skills demonstrated by his inability to submit
the letters. "He just wasn't completing the
requirements of the job," Wilson said.
Another controversial decision made by the
cowicil was the appointtnent of an "overseer"
to Freedom and Unity. Castorena states that
there is no provision in the bylaws for such a
position and that the cowicil is creating
powers that they do not have. Foley said "
GregBarfield(thecouncil'schoiceforoverseer)
is black. It makes sense."
Sholars told La Voz that they were using
other blacks to justify their decisions. Barfield
stated that "they (the council) were sitting their
talking about what blacks need. I felt I had a
._responsibility to see that the paper dosen't just
sit there after Anthony was removedl felt
responsible for the paper. I was the one to
secure funding last year and am one of the four
people to bring the paper back three years
ago."
9:00 am
11 :0O am
11 :30 am
S:00 pm
StudentsVisit Tijuana
By Anthony Solelo
Staff Writter
The Chicano-Latino studies department
recently sponsored a two-day trip to the
Mexican border city of Tijuana. On March
21, 76 students left Fresno for San Diego.
According to CLS professor Jesus Luna,
the main purpose of the trip
was to
expose students to cultural centers
of
Mexican art in San Diego and in Tijuana.
"Many of the students had never been to a
border town. Perhaps the trip served to
change the views of some students about
Mexico and the border towns," Luna said.
The students arrived in San Diego at
about 2:30 p.m. Saturday. They went on a
two hour tour of the Centro Cultural de La
Raza and saw an atl exibit titled " Border
Realities," which contained various artist's
impressions of the border and its
problems. The students then went to
La Voz
Tijuana and checked into
the. Hotel
Lucerna. Once checked in, the students
were free to enjoy the sites and cuisine of
Tijuana.
Margarito Alcorta, a senior pQlitical
science major, was one of the students
who enjoyed his stay in Mexico. " I did
some shopping with some friends,"
Alcorta said. " I also enjoyed some of the
restaurants, which were inexpensive. You
could have a large dinner for about three
dollars."
.
Sunday afternoon, the group tour~ the
Tijuana Cultural Center. They s11w a · film
title.d "El Pueblo del Sol" (The people of
the sun). The film gave a "breath
taking
" view of Mexico's world-famous sites,
such as · Cancun , Acapulco, Copper
Canyon, and ancient Mayan and Aztec
ruins. The film was shown on a 180 degree
screen at the Omnimax Theatre next to the
museum. After the film, the group departed
back to Fresno State.
The Chicano Perspective
Founded 1968
Co Editors
Stephanie Diaz
Daniel Chacon
WrJtersi
1
Anthony Sotelo
Jaime Rodriguez
Bill Lerch
Robert Castorena
Photos
Lawrence Tovar
Mark Diaz
Art
Stephanie Tovar
Production
Lisa V .Flores