La Voz de Aztlan, May 2 1979
Item
Title
La Voz de Aztlan, May 2 1979
Creator
Associated Students of Fresno State
Relation
La Voz de Aztlan (Daily Collegian, California State University, Fresno)
Coverage
Fresno, California
Date
5/2/1979
Format
PDF
Identifier
SCUA_lvda_00103
extracted text
A Special Publication_of the Daily Collegtan
LAVOZ de AZTLAN
May 2,1979
Wednesday
"Many of us, are like a
with a blindfold- not knowing the trut
of our own history and the cultura
background, of our own gente ... "
-~
CINCO de MAYO!
Comentarios
Pagel
The true
meaning of
Semana
With a deep spirit of pride in our heritage, most of us will joyfuly celebrate
Cinco de Mayo this week. It is good that
we do this, but we should not overlook
the significance of the event while
we are enjoying ourselves.
On the fifth of May in 1862, troops
loyal to President Benito Juarez repelled
a French attack on the city of Puebla.
Mexico remained free, and the battle
marked the spirit of self-determination
that has characterized the Mexicano.
Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday
in Mexico and most Chicanos in this
country also consider it a day to celebrate . The victory preserved national
independence, liberty and pride-things
we all value.
But, as we here at CSUF are enjoying
the Semana de La Raza, our own "Chicano Vintage Days," it would be wise for
us to check the progress of the movement and ask ourselves if we are doing
all we can to help bring justice to all
Chicanos . It seems a complaceny has
swept over Chicanos on this campus .
La Causa means little to so many.
Too many Chicanos today are content
with the status quo, satisfied with
that little place the dominant majority
has issued . And, this complacency
has begun to hurt others .Too many young people don't know or
care about the sacrifice, blood and tears
shed by older brothers for the movement. Too many seem content to just
pass time hanging around the cafeteria
drinking cafe and acting cool. Needless
.JeMYSN::Dfetetm
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,,
THE MEANING OF
LA VOZ De AZTLAN
La Voz de Aztlan means "The voice
of Aztlan. " Aztlan has been translated
by most historians to be the mythical
name of the Aztec (or Mexica or Chichimeca) people who held the area
around present-day Mexico City when
the Spaniards under Hernan Cortes
entered Mexico in 1519.
In their native Nahuatl I
Aztlan meant "the place of
and also "the place they h
before." Dr. Jose Canales oft
History Department said he ha
the origins of the Aztecs, a m
tribe as far north as present
Paul-Minneapolis, Minnesota.
To Chicanos, Aztlan is the n
the entire Southwest - our i
homeland.
@Semana de La ~
Theme: El Dia de la Cultura
friday - May 4
Wednesday - May 2
Clovis H.S. Dancers
11-12 noon
12-12:30 p.m .
Dr. Jose Limon
Department of Anthropology
University of Texas, Austin
12:45-2
Gong Show
2-3:30
Reception, CU 312
7-9
Movie, CU Lounge
Thursday - May 3
Theme: El Dia de la Familia
.8:30-9a.m.
9-9:30
9:30-10:15
Pan Dulce
Calwa School Dancers
11-11:30
Children's Puppet Show
Evening Programs
6-7:30
7:30-8
6:30-7:30
8-9:30
11:30-11:45
11:45-12noon
Danzantes de Aztlan
Mr. Leonel Alvarado
Member, Fresno City Council
Student Award Ceremony
Outstanding Chicano Student
Outstanding Chicana Student
12-12:30 p.m.
Hon. Jose Angel Gutierrez
Judge, Zavala County, Texas
Founder, La Raza Unida Party
12:30-2
Teatro del Espiritu
2-3:30
Children's Puppet Show
Chester Powell School
Dancers and Chorus
10:30-11
12-1 p.m.
10:30-11 :30a.m .
Theme: The Education of the
Reception, CU 312
Additional semana Activities: Art Display, Library and CU Showcases. Car
Show, Wedesday, May 1st, Maple St.,
10a.m. -3 p.m.
. Mariachi de la Tierra
Reception for Parents,
students and community.
Hors d'oeuvre and free
beverages, CU Lounge
Trio Mendoza
Mr. Jesus Negrete
Folklorist, University of
Illinois, Urbana
Teatro del Espiritu
Saturday - May 5
7-1 p.m.
Cinco de Mayo
Cultural program at Fresno C
Center featuring danzantes, er,
queen, cultural performances ,
featuring "Sabor y Ritmos".
91__
2,1979
Pagel
La Voz de Aztlan
VFW strike
•
ains momentum
By RICARDO PIMENTEL
la Voz Contributor
Fresno County Sheriff deputies and local
police.
As the strikebreakers, eyes downcast,
Replaceme~t workers brought in b
were
escorted by police from the buses
f resno and King County lett
Y
t,ave so far failed to dim thuece ~rkowt~rs to motel rooms, they were jeered and
. ·t f U .
pie e mg laughed at by-men, women and children
spiri O nited Farmworker strike'rs
in Spanish and English .
instead, the "strikebreakers" have a :
The UFW charged growers with reparently strengthened the resolve ~f cruiting illegal aliens as strikebreakers.
UFW members in their dispute with Chavez said last week that as many as
state _lettuce growers over wages and .· 300 illegal aliens from Mexico, Central
t,enef1ts.
America and the Phillipines have been
~rowers have offered pay hikes aver- employed by lettuce growers in Californaging sev~n percent, but the UFW said
ia and Arizona. He said, "The INS (Imthe offer is inadequate. Cesar Chavez
migration and Naturalization Service) is
UFW Preside.nt'. said recently, "Whe~ not being evenhanded . We give them lothe growers limit their profits to seven cations, dates and times where these
percent, then we, II limit our wages .,,
illegals are working and nothing is ever
Replacement workers, when within done. It's a farce." An INS spokesman
ear-shot of the picketers, have been ex- denied the charge and said it was a
horted to join the strike. The results "ploy" by Chavez.
Chavez is also apparently disenchanthave been mixed. In Salinas, 34 company replacement workers left the let- ed with Governor Brown, who in the past
tuce fields last week to join UFW has been the eager recipient of wide ·
members on the picket line. In Huron, farmworker support. While in Washing'scabs•, under consplicuous police pro- ton D.C. to drum up support for the lettection in the fields and area motels and tuce strike and Chiquita Banana boycott,
trailer parks, have thus far turned ears Chavez said that Brown is doing largely
nothing to prod growers toward a seton UFW pleas .
tlement.
Saturday, strikers met buses carrying
Another UFW spokesman said union
replacement workers at the Motel Mor- members are dissapointed in Brown's
ada and the adjacent Royal Lodge Motel lack ·of real support for striking farmin Coalinga, which is housing several workers. Sould the governor decide to
strikebreakers . The strikers' arrival run for president, he may well have to do
caused wide eyes and a frantic rush by so without farmworker support. Chavez
United Farm Workers president Cesar
two onguard policement to phone for said the union rank and file is split be- Chavez Thursday called for a nationwide
reinforcements . The strikers, however, tween Brown and Sen . Edward Ken- boycott on lettuce. Chavez made the call
were non-violent and were content to nedy.
, as a state labor agency accused 28 growtaunt motel residents . "We ' re starving
In a related eve2t, the California ers of refusing to bargain with the UFW
because of you," one UFW member · State Senate has appointed yet another over the three-month old produce strike.
shouted in Spanish .
committee to investigate the UFW
Chavez said a generic strike of all iceAbout 150 strikers ultimately converg- strike, raising the total to tltree ..
ed on the motels, carrying red banners
The Senate Rules Committee appoint- berg lettuce in the country was "the only
bearing the UFW eagle. They were fol- ed group, will be chaired by a farmer, way to get justice. " He issued the boylowed by their constant companions . Sen. Rose Ann Vuich, D-Dinuba. The cott call just before testifying at a U.S .
throughout the three-month strike, a life of the committee will be 60 days, Senate committee hearing in Salinas,Ca.
mixed contingent of Highway Patrol, after which time they will issue a report. on the strike .
'··.
:...
"'
-♦,~-
(
SAN DIEGO UPI - Lt. Gov. Mike
Curb says he might favor a limited open
door policy for Mexican citizens seeking
work in the United States, as long as
they did not displace American workers.
The former Hollywood record producer said the "illegal alien situation" had
come about because "we can't find people to take the jobs these people take,
and we can ' t find people to take the
iobs because we have a welfare system
that is competing with our private sector:
The 34-year-old lietenant governor
was attending a meeting of the Commission of the Californias in La Paz, Mexico,
but flew to San Diego for the speech
before the Honorary Deputy Sheriff's
Association Thursday night. He returned
to Mexico today.
Curb also said he has been asked to
i>articipate in a joint California-Mexico
task force that will stu~ related prob-
Growers refused to appear at the hearing, saying the hearing was only designed to provide a media forum for
Chavez to air his views .
The refusal-to-bargain complaint
against the 28 growers was leveled by
the Salinas local office of the state's
Agricultural Labor Relations Board.
The state board's accuasation said that
sine e the strike began(Jan . 19) to the
present, g: rowers have failed to bargain
SeePage6
Over the Wire------------')
lems of the regions and report the findings to Mexico President Jose Lopez
Portillo.
"The foreign minister of Mexico
has asked that we make a special report
on three major issues, the issue of energy, the issue of foreign investments and
the issue of aliens," Curb said.
Curb has indicated he wants to increase the responsibilities of the commission, which is comprised of elected
officials and appointees whose aim is to
create better cultural and business relations between American border states
and Baja California.
FRESNO UPI-A disturbance Sunday
afternoon during a low rider car show at
Kearney Park in West Fresno left several law enforcement officers with minor
injuries and 14 persons in custody.
Sheriff's deputies said the disturbance began when deputies attempted
to arrest two persons for public intoxication during the show and spectators be-
gan throwing rocks and bottles at the officers.
Deputies called for help and reinforcements from the Highway Patrol and
Fresno Police Department poured into
the park in an attempt to break up the
melee.
By 9 p.m. officers had withdrawn
from the park and the visitors had begun
clearing out of the area.
Deputies said five officers suffered injuries serious enough to be treated at a
hospital, but none of the injuries required the officers to be admitted .
Of the 14 persons arrested during the
disturbance, 12were booked on charges
of public intoxication . One was charged
with disturbing the peace and the other
with assault on a police officer.
juana, Mexico, Thursday, United States
officials reported .
Francisco Orozco Martinez, one of twe
prisoners sent back to Mexico Thursday, had been serving a term at the California Men's Colony in San Luis Obispo
for his conviction of burglary.
Jesus Diaz Alvarado, a prisoner being held at the federal Metropolitan Correctional Center in San Diego, was also
returned to Mexico where he will serve
the remainder of his term for possession
of heroin with intent to distribute. Five
other prisoners incarcerated in the United States for federal charges have been
returned to Mexico since the exchange
program began, while scores of Americans have been returned to the United
States.
The transfer of both Mexican men
SAN DIEGO UPI - The first California
prisoner ever to be returned to Mexico Thursday was arranged during a verifiunder the 1976 prisoner exchange treaty . cation hearing Wednesday before U.S.
was turned over to authorities in Ti- Magistrate Edward Harris in San Diego.
La
Page4
May2,1
Voz de Aztlan
La Raza Studies still strong
The complete failure of CSUF in these
three areas was obvious to the Chicano
community. Therefore, the late 1960 ' s
particularly 1969, ~itnessed an . ex~losive era--an era of intense examination
The decade of the 1960's represented
a period of intense questioning and re- of institutions like CSUF and the role
flection . Many members of the dominant that it played in the process of undersociety were taken aback by the de- standing the Chicano experience.
The 1969-70 school year was also one
mands of ethnic minorities for educationof
the most explosive in Fresno State's
al, economic, and social equality and .
history. During that year, 517 Chicanos,
for self-determination .
The dominant society often times re- representing only 4.6 percent of the total
sented and misunderstood these de- enrollment of CSUF were attending the
mands . Simultaneously,
minorities, university, while Chicanos represented
such as Chicanos, recognized they knew 28% of the population in Fresno County .
Since these hectic beginnings, much
very little about themselves and the rich
has happened to both La Raza Studies
history from which they had emerged.
Understandably, both groups turned and Chicanos on campus . Despite the
to educational institutions for assistance . problems we continue to have as a result
Unfortunately, CSUF, like so many other of administrative insensitivity, La Raza
institutions of higher learning, could not Studies has made many gains. Our proprovide the answers. CSUF had neither gram has greatly stabilized and we now
a Chicano faculty pool, nor a compre- offer an average of 30 classes per semeshensive curriculum regarding Chicano- ter. A basic core of courses revolve
oriented topics, nor a sizable Chicano around history, culture, social and community studies and the arts.
student population.
The current faculty consists of Dr.
LA RAZA STUDIES:
STRONGER NOW
THAN EVER BEFORE
Jesus Luna, Dr. Theresa Perez, Dr. Aiex
Saragoza, Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano, and
Professor Ernesto Martinez. Our program is also very fortunate to have excellent · individuals who teach parttime . They enable La Raza Studies to
offer specialized classes in Business,
Law, Health, Drug Abuse, and Education.
La Raza Studies still offers a minor
and is also part of the Bilingual/Bicultural Specialist Credential Program on
campus . Best of all is the fact that
La Raza Studies has had a continuing increase in the number of students who
take our courses, while many other
departments on campus have been experiencing a decrease in student enrollment.
This continuing increase has provided
our program with greater strength and
stability. As Dr. Peter Klassen, dean of
the School of Social Sciences, stated in
a letter to The Fresno Bee:
"Contrary to some statements made,
La Raza Studies Program is neither sick
nor dying; rather it is healthy and grow-
ing. In fact, it is stronger now th an
before While other departments
many parts of the university have s
ed severe enrollment losses, La
Studies has actually grown . Its fa
members deserve a great deal of a
for this . The faculty of La Raza St
has established itself as one of th e
productive, and imagi~ative on cam
The university, and indeed the e
community , may be justlyn proud of
La Raza Studies Program.
We are committed to further str
thening our program, both qualitativer,
and quantitatively, becaus~ we real
that without La Raza Studies, the U
versity would remain virtually devoid
any knowledge related to Chicanos .
If you have any questions about
classes or our program in general,
invite your to call us at 487-2848 ore
by our office located in San Ramon i
Room 118.
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
Coordinator La Raza.Studies
Comp Iete Fall '79 course offerings
La R 125T CHICANOS AND THE LEGAL
SYSTEM
Examines the experience of the Chicano
and the legal process through the discussion of some very important cases. Cases
such as Bakke, minority access to media,
and the Equal Rights Amendment will be
discussed.
1810-2100W NS 147
La R 125T BUSINESS AND THE MINOR- .
ITY COMMUNITY
Business and economic development in
minority communities and their relationship to the wider economic and social
systems. Will include a symposium of
Chicano business professionals from the
community.
1810-2100 TH LS 181
La R 125T DRUG ABUSE
Current trends in education, prevention
and treatment of alcohol and drug abuse.
Lecture and field study.
1810-2100T LS 181
La R 125T MENTAL HEALTH
Discussion of mental health facilities and
services as they relate to both Chicano
clients and professional staff. Values and
characteristics of Chicano patients. Regional, State and National policies.
1810-2100 M SS 204
La R 125T RACISM AND SEXISM IN EDUCATION
La R 125T ORAL HISTORY
To train students on the use, collection and
importance of oral histories to ethnic heritage and awareness. Students will learn
to develop a history of Chicanos in Fresno
by interviewing parents, grandparents
and other community members and by
collecting old pictures, newspapers, and,
music related to the Chicano experience.
1545-1700 TTH SS 204
Introduction to contemporary art forms of
the Southwest and Mexico with emphasis
on music and dance.
1210-1300 MWF SA 169
Indian folklore of Mexico and South
and Its fusion with Chicano and His
folklore.
1310-1400 MWF SA 169
La R 009 CHICANO DIRECTED WRITING
La R 121A MUSIC AND DANCE OF U
RAZA
Emphasis on sentence structure, punctuation, research and development of writing abilities.
1310-1400 MWF SS 204
1110-1225 TTH LS 181
La Ra 125T CONTEMPORARY DANCE
La R 105 CULTURAL CHANGE OF CHICANO
Introduction to contemporary Mexican and
Latin dances such as corrldos, cumblas,
and mambos, chachas, merenques, and
1410-1525 TTH LS 181
Analysis of the continuities and the changes in the culture of the Chicano under
the impact of urbanization, immigration,
and acculturatlon.
1210-1300 MWF SS 204
La R 125T DANCE FOR THE CLASSROOM TEACHER
La R 109 CHICANOS AND THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
The application of Mexican Folkloric dance
to classroom instruction: primarily for elementary school teachers. Will include history on origins of dances as well as performance.
1810-2100 M GW 130
Principal elements of the educational system and their effect on Chicano students.
1410-1525 TTH SS 204
salsa.
La R 003 SOCIALIZATION
CHICANO
OF
THE
Social, political, and psychological aspects
of being a minority as reflected in the diversity of the Chicano and his self-concepts.
1110-1200 MWF SS 204
0945-1100TTH SS 204
Development and performance of Mexlcll
folk music and dance; lndlan, N8QII
Spanish, and European Influences;
temporary relationships to Chicano ~
ture.
1410-1500 MWF SA 169
La R 124 CHICANO CHILD
La R 110 BILINGUAL
EDUCATION
General psychological principles and tht
ones ot growth ana aevelopment and thf
applicability to the Chicano child.
1110-1225 TTH SS 204
La R 127 CHICANO ADOLESCENT
The adjustment of Chicano adolescents •
American society and its Impact on -'
peer group relations, and famliy llfe; wilt
emphasis on sources of conflict and ,,.
slon.
1810-2100 TH SS 204
BICULTURAL
La R 130 CHICANO THEATRE
Investigation into what It means to be bllingual and bicultural. A study of the programs that can be Implemented to bring
about a more meaningful education for
the Chicano child.
1800-2100 T SS 204
Production of Chicano theatre for maj~
performances.
1510-1700 MWF GW 130
4 Hour Arrangement ·
La R 145 FIELDWORK COMMUNITY
La R 118CHICANO FAMILY
Topics will cover the opening of educational opportunities to women and ethnic minorities, the relationships between schooling and subsequent careers, sex and ethnicity as factors in classroom Interaction,
coeducation versus single sex institutions,
and current efforts against social and sexual discrimination.
1400-1500 MWF SS 204
La R 005 CHICANO CULTURE
Values, attitudes and llfe concepts of
La Raza; their origins.
0910-1000 MWF SS 204
1245-1400 TTH SS 204
Traditional and changing relationships in
the family structure of the Chicano; Interaction with wider institutional social system.
1010-1100 MWF SS 204
La Raza 145 provides observation, orientation, and participation In the Chlcart
community. This course offers severJ
options from which a student can ch~
1. Blllngual Cross-Cultural Speclll•
Credential candidates
5'.-ePagel
La R 007 CHICANO ART FORM
La R 120 FOLKLORE OF MEXICO AND
SOUTHWEST .
May2,1979
Page5
La Voz de Aztlan
Chicano groups
on campus
Because of the variety of educational
fields that Chicanos are striving for, Chicanos here on campus have formed separate organizations to focus particular attention on each different area, such as in
health, law, business, mass media; education and Chicana women.
CHICANOS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Chicanos In Higher Education (C.H.E.)
was Initially formed In 1974 and offlcally
recognized by the CSUF Administration
as a student organization In 1975. The initial move In forming this organization
resulted from the negative experiences of
Chicano students attempting to gain teaching credentials from this university. Some
of the objectives of C.H.E. will be to inform
others of general poHcies as conducted by
the School of Education, promote recruitment of faculty members in the School
of Education, and other related Interests
concerning the field of education.
CHICANOS IN LAW
La Raza·Cou rses
FromPage4
La Raza 145 Is a requirement for Individuals obtaining the BIiinguai Cross-Cultural Specialist Credential. This course assists the candidates to link formal course
work with practice and prepares them to
make contributions In the areas of administrative processes, program policy, coordination of services, program demonstrations or research.
2. The Crlmlnal Justice System and Chi•
--
For Individuals Interested In working in
different areas of the criminal justice system; both juvenile and adult. Will include
trips to prison and juvenile halls.
3. Placement In Community Agenclea
orProJectl
For students interested In working directly with a particular community agency or
project, such as:
.
-chlcano Youth Center (as tutors and
counselors)
-chlcano Media Projects (as Journalists
and radio-TV programmers)
-Employment Development Program (as
counselors and Job developers)
-Working Opportunities for Women Pro-
Ject
(as counselors and Intake workers)
-sent1mlentoa Magazine and La Voz de
Aztlan campus and community newspaper
editions (as writers and photographers)
... and many other agencies and projects
where students can obtain and develop
valuable work experience.
1500-1600 MWF SS 204
La R 190 INDEPENDENT STUDY
Available to students who wish to deal
with a special Interest not covered in a regular course or with the exploration in greater depth of a subject presented In a regular
course. Students will work u·nder the supervision of an instructor.
Hours by arrangement
Chicanos in Law began In 1976, primarily for students Interested In going to law
school. This Interest has since expanded to
Include any law related 'ffeld of study. Chicanos In Law Is essentially an information
bank, providing trips to Law Schools,
corrective institutions, aRd to courts to
observe the legal process. It also sponsors recruiters from law schools and puts
on a LSAT Prep test. Chicanos in Law have
weekly meetings featuring guest speakers
ranging from trial attorneys to Probation
Officers, and Judges.
SATURDAY COURSES
The following courses are Intended to
provide an overall perspective on Chicanos
today. Each of the courses will be held on
two consecutive Saturdays. Students may
register for only one, for all, or for any
combination of the following courses:
NATIONAL CHICANO
HEALTH ORGANIZATION
The specific and primary purpose of
NCHO is to Increase the number of Chicano and Chicana students in the area
of medicine and Its associated fields, so
that the Chicano community can have more
La R 125T CHICANO HERITAGE
health professionals which are sensitive
Historical background of the Chicano in to their needs. NCHO activities Include
the context of American history, from· the field trips to health clinics in the community, as well as to various medical schools
pre-hispanic era to the present.
that exist in california so the students can
September 15,22
orientate themselves to the various health1910-1700 ss 204
related programs offered by other universities. Students who are Interested In medical, dental, nursing, psychology, or any
La R 125T CHICANO CULTURE
other areas of health are encouraged to
Values, attitudes, and llfe concepts of La . join NCHO.
Raza; their origins.
LAVOZ
September 29, October 6
0910-1700 ss 204
Created In 1969, La Voz de Aztlan is
one of the Fresno area's oldest Chicano
newspapers. It Is a special edition of the
La R 125T EDUCATION AND CHICANOS California State Unl~ersity, Fresno student funded newspaper, The Dally CollagInvestigation Into what It means to be bi- lan. The Chicano paper began in response
lingual and blcultural. A study of the pro- to student concerns that the traditional
grams that can be implemented to bring American mass media were doing little or
about a more meaningful education for the notnlng to portray' the minority commumChicano child.
ities.
The paper's birth was a source of contro0910-1700 ss 204
~
very for the Journalism Department, which
October 13, 20
until that time, published The Collegian.
The department severed its ties with The ·
- colleglan because of tne new minority
La R 125T CHICANO FAMILY
editions and created Its own paper, In•
Traditional and changing relationships In
sight.
La Voz -publishes either bi-weekly or
the family structure of the Chicano; Intermor.ihly, depending on The Collaglan'a
action with wider Institutional social
financial status and the Student Senate's
system.
political and racist attitudes, which vary
0910-1700 ss 204
October 27, November 3
from year to year.
SENTIMIENTOS DEL VALLE
This Chicano magazine is the first in
the San Joaquin Valley. Born from the
CSUF Chicano Youth Conference brochure, Sentlmlentoa strives to capture la
vida Chicana en el valle and to strengthen
our community's communication and
media vitality. Much of the disunity that
slows progress for the Chicano community stems from lack of communication and
lack of media to express ourselves. We
ask strong student support in promoting
this community publication. The stronger
it becomes, the more useful and available
It will be to you. w ·e seek writers, artists,
photographers and especially distributors.
LAS ADELIT AS
Las Adelitas Is a student organization of
Chicana women who are involved in educational, politlcal, and community activities.
This includes sponsoring tutorial programs, counseling Chicanas In local high
schools, h~lping in local political campaigns, and sponsoring cultural and educational programs. If you w1sh to get Involved, meet new people and have some
fun, then this Is the group for you.
CHICANO BUSINESS
STUDENTS ASSOCIATION
The objective of the C.B.S.A. is to encourage and assist students to undertake
undergraduate and graduate studies In
Business, Economics, Management, and
other related fields. The C.B.S.A. also
acts as a link between businessmen and
students, It provides services for the community sucn as active part1c1pat1on 1n tne
VITA (Volunteer Income Tax Assistance)
Program.
·
C.B.S.A. is open to all business students
and related fields.
LOS TRABAJADORES DE LA RAZA
Los Trabajadores de la Raza feel that
there is a need for Chicano social workers.
Currently, many social services are Inadequate for Chicanos and other minorities. This is due to the fact there there is
lack of impact and representation for Chicanos and other minorities. Our membership is striving to alleviate this situation
and get involved in promoting some
change in this area.
-Reprinted from Sentlmlentoa del Valla,
January 1979.
La Vos de Az1lan is published by the
Aaaodated Students at California State
University, Fresno and the newspaper
staff. Unsigned editorials are the opinions of the La Vos staff, and not necessarily the views of the Associated Students, CSUF or the State of California.
Editor ... Richard Aguirre ·
Photography ...George Aguirre,Ricardo
Pimentel,Lupe Mora
Art, .. Albino Franco, Arturo Ocampo
Reporters, .. Dora Lara,Margarita Martinez, Octavio Yescas.
Contributors ... Felix Contreras, Elvia
Ruiz, Dianne Solis, Ricardo Pimentel,
Pedro Ramirez.
May2,197'
La Voz de Aztlan
Page6
- ---UFW NOTICIAS
From Pagel
in good faith on the issues of employee
wages or benefits .
Growers have charged that the ARLB
is biased for Chavez ' s union and have
sought legislative help designed to
weaken the state ARLB labor act.
. Grower spokesma~ also
charged the UFW with engaging in
violence and intimidation in the strike .
At the U.S. Senate hearing last week,
Chavez said that despite 40 years of
effort, farm workers had still not made
significant progress in improving labor
relations . He also accused local institutions , especially law enforcement agencies, of being pro-grower in the recently
struck areas of the state.
The nationwide lettuce boycott,
if successful, would be the second major
lettuce boycott conducted by the UFW.
The UFW's last boycott of lettuce ran
from 1970 to Jan. 1978.
The union earlier staged grape boycotts in 1965-70 and 1973-78. In the
current dispute, Chavez previously
called for a boycott against United
Brands' "Chiquita" bananas .
OROSI UPI Two non-striking
lettuce workers suffered minor injuries
Monday in a rock-throwing incident involving united Farm Workers Union strikers and supporters . Tulare County sheriff's deputies said lettuce strike supporters pelted a bus loaded with non-striking workers as it was transporting them
to the lettuce fields, breaking several of
the bus windows .
Lucina Hernandez, 24, and Efreen
Hernandez, 26, ·suffered minor cuts
caused by flying glass . Both were treated at the scene and then went to work in
the lettuce fields with the others on the
bus . ·
Sheriff ' s deputies said the strike
supporters fled the scene in a group and
no arrests were made.
SALINAS UPI - The lawver for United
Farm Workers leader Cesar Chavez
appealed to a U.S. senator to prevail on
the Justice Department to investigate
the strike-related death of a farm worker
on a lettuce field picket line last February.
Jerry Cohen appeared with Chavez
before Sen . Harrison Williams, D-N.J .,
sitting as a Congressional committee of
one to review the "turbulence of the last
few months" in the three-month-old
UFW strike against lettuce growers.
Cohen, referring to the death of Rufino Contreras, 27, as he picketed for the
UFW in Imperial County last Feb. 10,
said "authorities know who did the
shooting but not which gun the bullet
left." Relatives of the slain man described to Williams how Contreras was shot
and Cohen added :
"The dead man was shot at by three
people. We were told to wait for the process of the law to work. We weren't
asking for a verdict. We just wanted a
trial ." The lawyer said charges were
filed against three men but were dismissed earlier this week. He said he
doubted the charges would be refiled
and that a civil rights violation investigation _was warranted by authorities.
Chavez told Wffiams that sheriff
departments throughout the state are
"private armies for the growers" and
that the dropping of charges against the
original suspects in the Contreras murder "encourages other murders ."
FRESNO UPI - The U .S. Border Patrol
has increased its patrols in west Fresno
County in an effort to apprehen'd undocumented workers harvesting lettuce during the current strike.
Charles Hunter, agent in charge of
the Border Patrol office in Fresno, said
the current drive had led to the arrest
of 250 undocumented workers in three
days .
U .S. Border Patrol Chief Donald 8 .
Day announced Thursday that 25 more
agents would be added to the patrol action which covers Fresno County.
The increased efforts come on the
heels of complaints by United Farm
Workers Union President Cesar Chavez,
1who
charged that the immigration
service was prolonging the strike by refusing to crack down on the illegal
aliens hired as strikebreakers.
Chicanos
atCSUF
NAME
DEPARTMENT
PHONE (487-)
Social Work
Dr. Andrew Alvarado
2910
Social Work
Luis Contreras
1038
Social Work
Ben Cuellar
1030
Social Work
Dr. Francisco lvarra
2968
Dr. Margar-ita Lopez-Urrutia Foreign Language
1242
History
Dr. JOse C. Canales
1051
Manuel Garcia
Industrial Arts
2870
Dr. Jesus Luna
La Raza Studies
1156
Ernest Martinez
La Raza Studies
1191
Teresa Perez
La Raza Studies
1191
Alex Saragoza
La Raza Studies
1041
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
La Raza Studies
2848
Dr. Cecilio Orozco
Bilingual Education
2765
Robert Padilla
Football Coach
1015
Ernesto Palomino
Art
2192
Stella Moya
Admissions
2192
Manuel Olgin
Advising Services
1052
Madeline Soltello
campus Housing
2345
Frances DelRlo
campus Housing
2345
Isabel Mejorado
Financial Aids
2182
Nancy Luna
Financial Aids
2182
Manuel Perez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Robert Hernandez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
tony Garduque
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Manuel Nunez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Laura Gomez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Ed Varela
Staff Personnel
2032
Andrew Rodarte
Mini-Corp Program
2067
Dr. Esteban Soriano
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Araceli Ramirez
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Manuel Nunez
Priscilla Contreras
Maria Correa
Silveria Segovia
Tc,nvGarduque
Luis Ambriz
Raymundo Penieo
Diane Salas
Manuel Olgin
Denny Leon
@
ORGANIZATIONS
Chicano Facui./, Staff, & Student
Organization
M.E.C.H.A.
National Chicano Health
Organization
Chicanos In Business
·Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Higher Education
Adelitas
Chicano Alumni Asaociation
Trabajadores De La Raza
Chihuahua Road Run
to aid La Raza
1021
2848
2848
2842
1021
9971
2848
2848
1052
1191
fi
Of all things in the Mexican-American
community that need to be promoted
health has to be at the top of the list'.
With that in mind, a special athletic
event will be held on Sunday june 10
through the streets of west Fresno- the
first Chihuahua Road Run . There will be
races at two and six miles for men and
women of all ages.
Sponsored by the Chihuahua Tortilla
Inc., the run has been planned as a
special community-wide event
but
s~ial emphasis has been plac'ed on
trying to get more Mexicanos on the road
to better health.
There will be more than 20 categories
of competition with races for open, submasters, masters, wheelchair athletes
seniors, youth, and even politicians and
media personalities. Top finishers in
each category will receive a special
Chihuahua Run T-shirt, and efforts are
underway to get west Fresno merchants
to donate prizes _for a raffle. Ribbons
and free refreshments· will also be
provided at the race .
The race is the biggest athletic event ever attempted by Chihuahua.
The firm is owned by the Villegas family.
The firm, active in many
community events, annually sponsor a
handball tournament during Cinco de
Mayo.
The road race will begin in front of the
Chihuahua plant at 718 "F" Street in
Chinatown and will cover a mostly
asphalt surface.
All proceeds from the race will go
towards a charity fund for two Chihuahua employees who recently died.
In the future, organizers said, the race
could become a money-making source
for many Chigino groups .
The entry fee for the race is $2 .00,
and you can register by writing to·
Victor Salazar, 4387 N. Thorne Ave.;
Fresno, Ca. 93704. For more informa-
tion call 229-5862.
May2,1979
. Page7
La Voz de Aztlan
,
.,____ _ _ _N oticias de la Raza-------,
EUSEVIO ARIAS
CHICANO APPOINTMENT
A Chicano was recently selected as the
new assistant chief of police for San
Bernardino.
Benjamin Conzales, 50, a 20-year
police veteran and a native of San Bernardino, has served as a captain on the
police force since 1972.
JOSEPHINE MENA
The state Senate Rules Committee
recommended recently that the Senate
confirm Gov . Brown's appointment of
Josephine Mena of Fresno to the state
Commission on the Status of Women.
Mena is a former customer relations
staff specialist with Pacific Telephone,
but is now serving as assistant district
representative in Fresno for Rep. Tony
Coelho.
She has lived in Fresno for 19 years
and has attended College of the Sequoias, Fresno City College and ~resno
State University, where she received_ a
masters degree in social work. Commission members receive no salary.
YOSEMITE
Job openings are available immediately at Yosemite National Park. Applicants
must be at least 18 years of age.
Applications may be made in person at
the Youth Employment Office, 2021 San
Joaquin St. from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Living accomodations and various
meal plans are available to those hired.
They will also have access to recreational
facilities at the park.
Ethnic Studies
Recruitment Day
The Ethnic Studies Department has
announced the scheduling of their
Minority Recruitment Day and of their
Graduation Dinner for 1979.
Minority Recruitment Day will be
Thursday, May 3. According to Ethnic
Studies' Program Coordinator Dr.
Robert S. Mikell, the "primary purpose
is to give these (minority) students an
opportunity to get a closer look at the
campus in the hope they will enroll."
The recrui_tment day is aimed at
minority students will be graduating
from high school this June. Dr. Mikell
estimates that 200 students will attend.
Activities will begin at 9 a.m. with
orientation in OS 121. There will be
classroom and campus visits between 10
and 11 a general session between noon
and 12'.30, and lunch in the cafeteria of
the New Residence Hall's East Wing.
The Ethinc Studies Department faculty and staff also announced that
they will hold a dinner on Friday, May
11 to honor their graduates. Councilman
Joe Williams will address the dinner,
which will begin at 7 p.m. at the Fresno
Towne House.
Parents, spouses and friends of the
graduates are all invited to attend the
dinner and tickets may be purchased
before' May 4 at the department office
(SRS-241) between 8 am and noon .
Tickets are $7 per person.
A Chicano whose ultimate and modest goal is to 'win the Pulitzer_ Prize,_ took
his qualifications to the public _~pnl 2~.
Eusevio Arias of Fresno, exh1b1ted his
photographs recently at the S~ra McCardle Room in the Downtown Library.
Arias, a photographer at the Clo~is
Independent and Tribune, has been interested in photography since 1970.
Arias said he had to find some avenue
for his creativity because he comes from
a family of artists . He said, "I am the
only one who can't draw out of a family
of seven ." Hence the photography.
His photos depict a wealth of subjects,
from neglected tombstones in Mariposa
County, Ca. to children playing alongside Fresno railroad tracks or asleep
against a comforting parent . The often
spontaneous mood of his photos is an
indication ot Arias ' relationship with his
camera . More than just a tool of his
trade, it's a bodily appendage. He said,
"I feel wierd without it."
He prefers working with black and
white film rather than color, because
it forces him to be more creative. The
several tones available with color film
makes it easier to shoot good photos
he said, but a photographer must w~rk
Poor people have been systematically
But Bobo says planners "need to look harder to shoot good black and white
zoned out of suburban areas and should at the problem in terms of the real photos.
Arias would not trade his chosen car-1 be given government help to get out_ effects on poor people and make alloweer for anything . "Every week is differof the inner city, says a researcher at ances for those effects. "
the University of California, Riverside.
He has offered a range of solutions ent," he said, "there's always someBenjamin Bobo, assistant professor of from the inclusion of low- and moderate- · thing new (to photograph) ."
administration and Black studies, charg- income housing units in all new developes in a recently completed paper that ments to government subsidies to poor
zoning laws requiring large lots in subur- people to pay for that portion of housing
SUIT SETTLED
ban areas keep housing costs out of costs directly related to zoning regulareach of poor people.
tions. Bobo suggests the Federal DeA five-vear-old lawsuit chanzimz that
"Wealthy people want to live at low partment of Housing and Urban Dev- the Los Angeles School District illegally
density," Bobo says, "and that pr?<1uces elopment (HUD) establish an education- discriminated in the hiring, promotion
a problem for low and moderate income al program showing poor people h_ow and assignment of Hispanic teachers
people because lots tend to mean they can "buy up" in stages, purchasing was recently settled.
larger, more expensive houses."
a better home in a better area every few
The settlement of the suit, brought by
Since the zoning regulations place years .
the Association of Mexican American
"artificial constraints in the market proEach step would be financially sub- Educators in 1974, provided that the suit
cess" and keep housing costs in subur- sidized by the federal government, Bobo would be dismissed if by 1982 the district
ban areas high, Bobo says "zoning is a · says, although he does not rule out in- had hired 80 percent or more of the qualform of discimination ... by restricting volvement of the private sector. HUD ified Hispanic applicants , who apply
the participation of poor people in subur- could accomplish the task with a "reallo- for teaching positions .
·
ban living." Bobo bases his conclusions . cation of current and perhaps a small
School district officials have maintainon a study of areas in Los Angeles Coun- · staff increase "he says.
ed that they have not hired more Histy ranging from Watts to Beverly ~i!ls.
In additio~ to helping the poor im- panics because few were available.
He found that zoning laws requiring prove their living conditions, Bobo The district also contended that over the
minimum lot size and special standards says, the program would also free land in last decade about eight percent of all
of construction were significant factors the inner cities for urban redevelopment hired persons have been Hispanic, while
in the high cost of existing housing and . without the displacement of people that the available pool of Hispanic applicants
made development of new low- and has been a problem in the past.
statewide has been about five percent.
moderate- income housing in those areas
Bobo says he will address the issue
The district maintains its innocence
nearly impossible.
· more completely in a book due to be fin- of all wrdngdoing . Officials said they
" I'm not opposed to zoning," Bobo ished by June that looks at a variety of agreed to the settlement only to avoid
says, noting that pockets of high cost land use issues as they effect t_he i><>?r. further expense from Iitigation.
housing -unavailable to the poor would It is tentatively entitled "Pubhc Pohcy
The plaintiffs said they agreed to the
develop even without it. And, he says, Problems in Land Use Regulati_o ns."
settlP.fllent because they believed they
some controls are necessary to assure
could not obtain relief beyond that prothat industrial or commercial develop- Reprinted Courtesy of El Chicano, San vided by the settlement.
ment is not allowed to encroach on resi- Bernardino.
dential areas.
Poor people zoned
out of suburban housing
STATE WORKERS
RESEARCH SUIT
The University of California said last
week that a suit filed against it by the
California Rural Legal Assistance would
require it to drop any research that has
practical application.
The CRLA has filed suit in Alameda
County charging the University's agricultural research program aids big grow-
Minorities comprise 24 percent of the
ers and is unfair to farmworkers. The
suit contends the University helps work force employed by_ the state of
develop agricultural machinery that ben- California, according to the 1978 annual
report of the state Personnel Board .
efits agribusiness.
However, the Spanish surnamed
In a response filed with the court,
UC said that the suit, if successful, make up only 7.8 percent of the state
would forbid the university to do "all · work force, 5.9 percent below their 13.7
research with any potential practical · percent representation in California's
work force, the report said .
application ."
La Voz de Aztlan
Page8
Cinco de Mayothe history
our valiant six thousand · soldiers, I am
the master of Mexico."
However, Laurencez' assessment
would not prove correct. In Puebla he
met 4,000 poorly-equipped but well
Cinco de Mayo is probably Mexico's
commANDED TROOPS . Laurencez, still
greatest national holiday . It was on this
confident, ordered a bold charge through
day(May 5) in 1862 that Mexican forces
Zaragoza' s best fortified positions .
under President Benito Juarez defeated
The army repulsed that attack, launcha French army and established the preed a counter-attack and drove the French
cedent of self-determination for the
back to the east coast. The battle markcountry.
From 1858 to 1861 , Mexico's popula- ed the first time French troops Flad
tion was split between a liberal govern- tasted defeat in nearly 50 years. The
ment led by President Juarez and a more finest troops in the world had been beatconservative faction . As the threee-year en by the ragged, penniless Mexicans.
"War of Reform" pitted brother-againstThe victory had deep national and inbrother for control of the government the · ternational significance. Because of the
victory, Mexican patriotism soared
country lay in ruin .
When the war was finally over and and the entire country tingled with
President Juarez(a liberal reformer) had excitement. All Mexicans fought for a
gained power, he suspended the foreign
united cause . And, the foreign intervendebt because the country was penniless . tion was postponed a year giving the
France used this action as an excuse to Mexicans time to prepare better dejustify sending in a well-armed exped- fenses .
ition to Mexico to force payment of past
Worldwide, Mexico gained higher
debt$ .
prestige, while French fortunes plummeThe French troops landed in Veracruz ted. The myth of the invincible French
·
in December, 1861 and cautiously army had been shattered.
moved toward the capital, ever deterThe victory also forstalled an alliance
mined to institute a monarchy in Mexico .
between France and the Confederate
On May 5, 1862, the French forces
States during the U.S . Civil War. Parattacked the pro-Juarez army command- ticipation of the French at this time could
ed by General Ignacio Zaragoza.
have changed the outcome of that
The commander of Napoleon's army conflict.
aws General Charles F. Latrille Count
According to Dr. Jose Canales of the
of Laurencez, a proud and pompous CSUF history department, on that
man who thought very little of the battlefield in Puebla, the integrity of
ragged Mexican troops .
Mexico andAmerica was upheld:
After su~ying the situation he wrote
"Mexican-Americans then have a
his government: "We have over the double incentive to cry proudly, 'Viva
Mexicans such a superiority of race, el Cinco de Mayo. ' And, other Ameriorganization, discipline, morality, and cans, regardless of national origin, have
high ideals that even now. at the head of reason to join them ."
By RICHARD AGUIRRE
Editor of La Voz
Semana de La Raza
Mechagrowth,
goals
Mecha became widely recognized in
1969 with the Plan de Santa Barbara.
This Plan was to serve as a guide for
Mecha and for the concrete involvement
of Chicano students in the developing
political and cultural movimiento of the
1960's. During the years which followed, activism in Chicano communities
throughout the Southwest grew in
strength and effectiveness with the
support of Mecha, and numerous other
groups for quality education and alternative schools. As the Plan de Santa Barbara stated :
"Mecha, then, is more than a name; it is
spirit of unity, of brotherhood, a resolve
undertake a struggle for liberation in a
society where justice is but a word . Mecha is a means to an end ."
" ... THE STUDENT MOVEMENT IS
MORE THAN A POLITICAL MOVEMENT. It is cultural and social as well.
The spirit of Mecha must be one of 'Her, Hernandad' and cultural awareness."
The purpose and function of Mecha is
to: 1)encourage, recruit, protect and
support the education of all Chicanos in
all schools, 2)develop programs for the
·glory of our cultural, educational, and
ethnic background; 3)work in conjunction with all our people in determining
our own destiny.
This is accomplished by becoming involved in the political and social process
necessary to meet the goals set by the organization.
1976 Semana Booklet.
May2,1979
LAVOZ de AZTLAN
May 2,1979
Wednesday
"Many of us, are like a
with a blindfold- not knowing the trut
of our own history and the cultura
background, of our own gente ... "
-~
CINCO de MAYO!
Comentarios
Pagel
The true
meaning of
Semana
With a deep spirit of pride in our heritage, most of us will joyfuly celebrate
Cinco de Mayo this week. It is good that
we do this, but we should not overlook
the significance of the event while
we are enjoying ourselves.
On the fifth of May in 1862, troops
loyal to President Benito Juarez repelled
a French attack on the city of Puebla.
Mexico remained free, and the battle
marked the spirit of self-determination
that has characterized the Mexicano.
Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday
in Mexico and most Chicanos in this
country also consider it a day to celebrate . The victory preserved national
independence, liberty and pride-things
we all value.
But, as we here at CSUF are enjoying
the Semana de La Raza, our own "Chicano Vintage Days," it would be wise for
us to check the progress of the movement and ask ourselves if we are doing
all we can to help bring justice to all
Chicanos . It seems a complaceny has
swept over Chicanos on this campus .
La Causa means little to so many.
Too many Chicanos today are content
with the status quo, satisfied with
that little place the dominant majority
has issued . And, this complacency
has begun to hurt others .Too many young people don't know or
care about the sacrifice, blood and tears
shed by older brothers for the movement. Too many seem content to just
pass time hanging around the cafeteria
drinking cafe and acting cool. Needless
.JeMYSN::Dfetetm
, .. er
·, :, N-'.
, urvvl'1 ,
·•t5AWP·
,,
THE MEANING OF
LA VOZ De AZTLAN
La Voz de Aztlan means "The voice
of Aztlan. " Aztlan has been translated
by most historians to be the mythical
name of the Aztec (or Mexica or Chichimeca) people who held the area
around present-day Mexico City when
the Spaniards under Hernan Cortes
entered Mexico in 1519.
In their native Nahuatl I
Aztlan meant "the place of
and also "the place they h
before." Dr. Jose Canales oft
History Department said he ha
the origins of the Aztecs, a m
tribe as far north as present
Paul-Minneapolis, Minnesota.
To Chicanos, Aztlan is the n
the entire Southwest - our i
homeland.
@Semana de La ~
Theme: El Dia de la Cultura
friday - May 4
Wednesday - May 2
Clovis H.S. Dancers
11-12 noon
12-12:30 p.m .
Dr. Jose Limon
Department of Anthropology
University of Texas, Austin
12:45-2
Gong Show
2-3:30
Reception, CU 312
7-9
Movie, CU Lounge
Thursday - May 3
Theme: El Dia de la Familia
.8:30-9a.m.
9-9:30
9:30-10:15
Pan Dulce
Calwa School Dancers
11-11:30
Children's Puppet Show
Evening Programs
6-7:30
7:30-8
6:30-7:30
8-9:30
11:30-11:45
11:45-12noon
Danzantes de Aztlan
Mr. Leonel Alvarado
Member, Fresno City Council
Student Award Ceremony
Outstanding Chicano Student
Outstanding Chicana Student
12-12:30 p.m.
Hon. Jose Angel Gutierrez
Judge, Zavala County, Texas
Founder, La Raza Unida Party
12:30-2
Teatro del Espiritu
2-3:30
Children's Puppet Show
Chester Powell School
Dancers and Chorus
10:30-11
12-1 p.m.
10:30-11 :30a.m .
Theme: The Education of the
Reception, CU 312
Additional semana Activities: Art Display, Library and CU Showcases. Car
Show, Wedesday, May 1st, Maple St.,
10a.m. -3 p.m.
. Mariachi de la Tierra
Reception for Parents,
students and community.
Hors d'oeuvre and free
beverages, CU Lounge
Trio Mendoza
Mr. Jesus Negrete
Folklorist, University of
Illinois, Urbana
Teatro del Espiritu
Saturday - May 5
7-1 p.m.
Cinco de Mayo
Cultural program at Fresno C
Center featuring danzantes, er,
queen, cultural performances ,
featuring "Sabor y Ritmos".
91__
2,1979
Pagel
La Voz de Aztlan
VFW strike
•
ains momentum
By RICARDO PIMENTEL
la Voz Contributor
Fresno County Sheriff deputies and local
police.
As the strikebreakers, eyes downcast,
Replaceme~t workers brought in b
were
escorted by police from the buses
f resno and King County lett
Y
t,ave so far failed to dim thuece ~rkowt~rs to motel rooms, they were jeered and
. ·t f U .
pie e mg laughed at by-men, women and children
spiri O nited Farmworker strike'rs
in Spanish and English .
instead, the "strikebreakers" have a :
The UFW charged growers with reparently strengthened the resolve ~f cruiting illegal aliens as strikebreakers.
UFW members in their dispute with Chavez said last week that as many as
state _lettuce growers over wages and .· 300 illegal aliens from Mexico, Central
t,enef1ts.
America and the Phillipines have been
~rowers have offered pay hikes aver- employed by lettuce growers in Californaging sev~n percent, but the UFW said
ia and Arizona. He said, "The INS (Imthe offer is inadequate. Cesar Chavez
migration and Naturalization Service) is
UFW Preside.nt'. said recently, "Whe~ not being evenhanded . We give them lothe growers limit their profits to seven cations, dates and times where these
percent, then we, II limit our wages .,,
illegals are working and nothing is ever
Replacement workers, when within done. It's a farce." An INS spokesman
ear-shot of the picketers, have been ex- denied the charge and said it was a
horted to join the strike. The results "ploy" by Chavez.
Chavez is also apparently disenchanthave been mixed. In Salinas, 34 company replacement workers left the let- ed with Governor Brown, who in the past
tuce fields last week to join UFW has been the eager recipient of wide ·
members on the picket line. In Huron, farmworker support. While in Washing'scabs•, under consplicuous police pro- ton D.C. to drum up support for the lettection in the fields and area motels and tuce strike and Chiquita Banana boycott,
trailer parks, have thus far turned ears Chavez said that Brown is doing largely
nothing to prod growers toward a seton UFW pleas .
tlement.
Saturday, strikers met buses carrying
Another UFW spokesman said union
replacement workers at the Motel Mor- members are dissapointed in Brown's
ada and the adjacent Royal Lodge Motel lack ·of real support for striking farmin Coalinga, which is housing several workers. Sould the governor decide to
strikebreakers . The strikers' arrival run for president, he may well have to do
caused wide eyes and a frantic rush by so without farmworker support. Chavez
United Farm Workers president Cesar
two onguard policement to phone for said the union rank and file is split be- Chavez Thursday called for a nationwide
reinforcements . The strikers, however, tween Brown and Sen . Edward Ken- boycott on lettuce. Chavez made the call
were non-violent and were content to nedy.
, as a state labor agency accused 28 growtaunt motel residents . "We ' re starving
In a related eve2t, the California ers of refusing to bargain with the UFW
because of you," one UFW member · State Senate has appointed yet another over the three-month old produce strike.
shouted in Spanish .
committee to investigate the UFW
Chavez said a generic strike of all iceAbout 150 strikers ultimately converg- strike, raising the total to tltree ..
ed on the motels, carrying red banners
The Senate Rules Committee appoint- berg lettuce in the country was "the only
bearing the UFW eagle. They were fol- ed group, will be chaired by a farmer, way to get justice. " He issued the boylowed by their constant companions . Sen. Rose Ann Vuich, D-Dinuba. The cott call just before testifying at a U.S .
throughout the three-month strike, a life of the committee will be 60 days, Senate committee hearing in Salinas,Ca.
mixed contingent of Highway Patrol, after which time they will issue a report. on the strike .
'··.
:...
"'
-♦,~-
(
SAN DIEGO UPI - Lt. Gov. Mike
Curb says he might favor a limited open
door policy for Mexican citizens seeking
work in the United States, as long as
they did not displace American workers.
The former Hollywood record producer said the "illegal alien situation" had
come about because "we can't find people to take the jobs these people take,
and we can ' t find people to take the
iobs because we have a welfare system
that is competing with our private sector:
The 34-year-old lietenant governor
was attending a meeting of the Commission of the Californias in La Paz, Mexico,
but flew to San Diego for the speech
before the Honorary Deputy Sheriff's
Association Thursday night. He returned
to Mexico today.
Curb also said he has been asked to
i>articipate in a joint California-Mexico
task force that will stu~ related prob-
Growers refused to appear at the hearing, saying the hearing was only designed to provide a media forum for
Chavez to air his views .
The refusal-to-bargain complaint
against the 28 growers was leveled by
the Salinas local office of the state's
Agricultural Labor Relations Board.
The state board's accuasation said that
sine e the strike began(Jan . 19) to the
present, g: rowers have failed to bargain
SeePage6
Over the Wire------------')
lems of the regions and report the findings to Mexico President Jose Lopez
Portillo.
"The foreign minister of Mexico
has asked that we make a special report
on three major issues, the issue of energy, the issue of foreign investments and
the issue of aliens," Curb said.
Curb has indicated he wants to increase the responsibilities of the commission, which is comprised of elected
officials and appointees whose aim is to
create better cultural and business relations between American border states
and Baja California.
FRESNO UPI-A disturbance Sunday
afternoon during a low rider car show at
Kearney Park in West Fresno left several law enforcement officers with minor
injuries and 14 persons in custody.
Sheriff's deputies said the disturbance began when deputies attempted
to arrest two persons for public intoxication during the show and spectators be-
gan throwing rocks and bottles at the officers.
Deputies called for help and reinforcements from the Highway Patrol and
Fresno Police Department poured into
the park in an attempt to break up the
melee.
By 9 p.m. officers had withdrawn
from the park and the visitors had begun
clearing out of the area.
Deputies said five officers suffered injuries serious enough to be treated at a
hospital, but none of the injuries required the officers to be admitted .
Of the 14 persons arrested during the
disturbance, 12were booked on charges
of public intoxication . One was charged
with disturbing the peace and the other
with assault on a police officer.
juana, Mexico, Thursday, United States
officials reported .
Francisco Orozco Martinez, one of twe
prisoners sent back to Mexico Thursday, had been serving a term at the California Men's Colony in San Luis Obispo
for his conviction of burglary.
Jesus Diaz Alvarado, a prisoner being held at the federal Metropolitan Correctional Center in San Diego, was also
returned to Mexico where he will serve
the remainder of his term for possession
of heroin with intent to distribute. Five
other prisoners incarcerated in the United States for federal charges have been
returned to Mexico since the exchange
program began, while scores of Americans have been returned to the United
States.
The transfer of both Mexican men
SAN DIEGO UPI - The first California
prisoner ever to be returned to Mexico Thursday was arranged during a verifiunder the 1976 prisoner exchange treaty . cation hearing Wednesday before U.S.
was turned over to authorities in Ti- Magistrate Edward Harris in San Diego.
La
Page4
May2,1
Voz de Aztlan
La Raza Studies still strong
The complete failure of CSUF in these
three areas was obvious to the Chicano
community. Therefore, the late 1960 ' s
particularly 1969, ~itnessed an . ex~losive era--an era of intense examination
The decade of the 1960's represented
a period of intense questioning and re- of institutions like CSUF and the role
flection . Many members of the dominant that it played in the process of undersociety were taken aback by the de- standing the Chicano experience.
The 1969-70 school year was also one
mands of ethnic minorities for educationof
the most explosive in Fresno State's
al, economic, and social equality and .
history. During that year, 517 Chicanos,
for self-determination .
The dominant society often times re- representing only 4.6 percent of the total
sented and misunderstood these de- enrollment of CSUF were attending the
mands . Simultaneously,
minorities, university, while Chicanos represented
such as Chicanos, recognized they knew 28% of the population in Fresno County .
Since these hectic beginnings, much
very little about themselves and the rich
has happened to both La Raza Studies
history from which they had emerged.
Understandably, both groups turned and Chicanos on campus . Despite the
to educational institutions for assistance . problems we continue to have as a result
Unfortunately, CSUF, like so many other of administrative insensitivity, La Raza
institutions of higher learning, could not Studies has made many gains. Our proprovide the answers. CSUF had neither gram has greatly stabilized and we now
a Chicano faculty pool, nor a compre- offer an average of 30 classes per semeshensive curriculum regarding Chicano- ter. A basic core of courses revolve
oriented topics, nor a sizable Chicano around history, culture, social and community studies and the arts.
student population.
The current faculty consists of Dr.
LA RAZA STUDIES:
STRONGER NOW
THAN EVER BEFORE
Jesus Luna, Dr. Theresa Perez, Dr. Aiex
Saragoza, Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano, and
Professor Ernesto Martinez. Our program is also very fortunate to have excellent · individuals who teach parttime . They enable La Raza Studies to
offer specialized classes in Business,
Law, Health, Drug Abuse, and Education.
La Raza Studies still offers a minor
and is also part of the Bilingual/Bicultural Specialist Credential Program on
campus . Best of all is the fact that
La Raza Studies has had a continuing increase in the number of students who
take our courses, while many other
departments on campus have been experiencing a decrease in student enrollment.
This continuing increase has provided
our program with greater strength and
stability. As Dr. Peter Klassen, dean of
the School of Social Sciences, stated in
a letter to The Fresno Bee:
"Contrary to some statements made,
La Raza Studies Program is neither sick
nor dying; rather it is healthy and grow-
ing. In fact, it is stronger now th an
before While other departments
many parts of the university have s
ed severe enrollment losses, La
Studies has actually grown . Its fa
members deserve a great deal of a
for this . The faculty of La Raza St
has established itself as one of th e
productive, and imagi~ative on cam
The university, and indeed the e
community , may be justlyn proud of
La Raza Studies Program.
We are committed to further str
thening our program, both qualitativer,
and quantitatively, becaus~ we real
that without La Raza Studies, the U
versity would remain virtually devoid
any knowledge related to Chicanos .
If you have any questions about
classes or our program in general,
invite your to call us at 487-2848 ore
by our office located in San Ramon i
Room 118.
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
Coordinator La Raza.Studies
Comp Iete Fall '79 course offerings
La R 125T CHICANOS AND THE LEGAL
SYSTEM
Examines the experience of the Chicano
and the legal process through the discussion of some very important cases. Cases
such as Bakke, minority access to media,
and the Equal Rights Amendment will be
discussed.
1810-2100W NS 147
La R 125T BUSINESS AND THE MINOR- .
ITY COMMUNITY
Business and economic development in
minority communities and their relationship to the wider economic and social
systems. Will include a symposium of
Chicano business professionals from the
community.
1810-2100 TH LS 181
La R 125T DRUG ABUSE
Current trends in education, prevention
and treatment of alcohol and drug abuse.
Lecture and field study.
1810-2100T LS 181
La R 125T MENTAL HEALTH
Discussion of mental health facilities and
services as they relate to both Chicano
clients and professional staff. Values and
characteristics of Chicano patients. Regional, State and National policies.
1810-2100 M SS 204
La R 125T RACISM AND SEXISM IN EDUCATION
La R 125T ORAL HISTORY
To train students on the use, collection and
importance of oral histories to ethnic heritage and awareness. Students will learn
to develop a history of Chicanos in Fresno
by interviewing parents, grandparents
and other community members and by
collecting old pictures, newspapers, and,
music related to the Chicano experience.
1545-1700 TTH SS 204
Introduction to contemporary art forms of
the Southwest and Mexico with emphasis
on music and dance.
1210-1300 MWF SA 169
Indian folklore of Mexico and South
and Its fusion with Chicano and His
folklore.
1310-1400 MWF SA 169
La R 009 CHICANO DIRECTED WRITING
La R 121A MUSIC AND DANCE OF U
RAZA
Emphasis on sentence structure, punctuation, research and development of writing abilities.
1310-1400 MWF SS 204
1110-1225 TTH LS 181
La Ra 125T CONTEMPORARY DANCE
La R 105 CULTURAL CHANGE OF CHICANO
Introduction to contemporary Mexican and
Latin dances such as corrldos, cumblas,
and mambos, chachas, merenques, and
1410-1525 TTH LS 181
Analysis of the continuities and the changes in the culture of the Chicano under
the impact of urbanization, immigration,
and acculturatlon.
1210-1300 MWF SS 204
La R 125T DANCE FOR THE CLASSROOM TEACHER
La R 109 CHICANOS AND THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
The application of Mexican Folkloric dance
to classroom instruction: primarily for elementary school teachers. Will include history on origins of dances as well as performance.
1810-2100 M GW 130
Principal elements of the educational system and their effect on Chicano students.
1410-1525 TTH SS 204
salsa.
La R 003 SOCIALIZATION
CHICANO
OF
THE
Social, political, and psychological aspects
of being a minority as reflected in the diversity of the Chicano and his self-concepts.
1110-1200 MWF SS 204
0945-1100TTH SS 204
Development and performance of Mexlcll
folk music and dance; lndlan, N8QII
Spanish, and European Influences;
temporary relationships to Chicano ~
ture.
1410-1500 MWF SA 169
La R 124 CHICANO CHILD
La R 110 BILINGUAL
EDUCATION
General psychological principles and tht
ones ot growth ana aevelopment and thf
applicability to the Chicano child.
1110-1225 TTH SS 204
La R 127 CHICANO ADOLESCENT
The adjustment of Chicano adolescents •
American society and its Impact on -'
peer group relations, and famliy llfe; wilt
emphasis on sources of conflict and ,,.
slon.
1810-2100 TH SS 204
BICULTURAL
La R 130 CHICANO THEATRE
Investigation into what It means to be bllingual and bicultural. A study of the programs that can be Implemented to bring
about a more meaningful education for
the Chicano child.
1800-2100 T SS 204
Production of Chicano theatre for maj~
performances.
1510-1700 MWF GW 130
4 Hour Arrangement ·
La R 145 FIELDWORK COMMUNITY
La R 118CHICANO FAMILY
Topics will cover the opening of educational opportunities to women and ethnic minorities, the relationships between schooling and subsequent careers, sex and ethnicity as factors in classroom Interaction,
coeducation versus single sex institutions,
and current efforts against social and sexual discrimination.
1400-1500 MWF SS 204
La R 005 CHICANO CULTURE
Values, attitudes and llfe concepts of
La Raza; their origins.
0910-1000 MWF SS 204
1245-1400 TTH SS 204
Traditional and changing relationships in
the family structure of the Chicano; Interaction with wider institutional social system.
1010-1100 MWF SS 204
La Raza 145 provides observation, orientation, and participation In the Chlcart
community. This course offers severJ
options from which a student can ch~
1. Blllngual Cross-Cultural Speclll•
Credential candidates
5'.-ePagel
La R 007 CHICANO ART FORM
La R 120 FOLKLORE OF MEXICO AND
SOUTHWEST .
May2,1979
Page5
La Voz de Aztlan
Chicano groups
on campus
Because of the variety of educational
fields that Chicanos are striving for, Chicanos here on campus have formed separate organizations to focus particular attention on each different area, such as in
health, law, business, mass media; education and Chicana women.
CHICANOS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Chicanos In Higher Education (C.H.E.)
was Initially formed In 1974 and offlcally
recognized by the CSUF Administration
as a student organization In 1975. The initial move In forming this organization
resulted from the negative experiences of
Chicano students attempting to gain teaching credentials from this university. Some
of the objectives of C.H.E. will be to inform
others of general poHcies as conducted by
the School of Education, promote recruitment of faculty members in the School
of Education, and other related Interests
concerning the field of education.
CHICANOS IN LAW
La Raza·Cou rses
FromPage4
La Raza 145 Is a requirement for Individuals obtaining the BIiinguai Cross-Cultural Specialist Credential. This course assists the candidates to link formal course
work with practice and prepares them to
make contributions In the areas of administrative processes, program policy, coordination of services, program demonstrations or research.
2. The Crlmlnal Justice System and Chi•
--
For Individuals Interested In working in
different areas of the criminal justice system; both juvenile and adult. Will include
trips to prison and juvenile halls.
3. Placement In Community Agenclea
orProJectl
For students interested In working directly with a particular community agency or
project, such as:
.
-chlcano Youth Center (as tutors and
counselors)
-chlcano Media Projects (as Journalists
and radio-TV programmers)
-Employment Development Program (as
counselors and Job developers)
-Working Opportunities for Women Pro-
Ject
(as counselors and Intake workers)
-sent1mlentoa Magazine and La Voz de
Aztlan campus and community newspaper
editions (as writers and photographers)
... and many other agencies and projects
where students can obtain and develop
valuable work experience.
1500-1600 MWF SS 204
La R 190 INDEPENDENT STUDY
Available to students who wish to deal
with a special Interest not covered in a regular course or with the exploration in greater depth of a subject presented In a regular
course. Students will work u·nder the supervision of an instructor.
Hours by arrangement
Chicanos in Law began In 1976, primarily for students Interested In going to law
school. This Interest has since expanded to
Include any law related 'ffeld of study. Chicanos In Law Is essentially an information
bank, providing trips to Law Schools,
corrective institutions, aRd to courts to
observe the legal process. It also sponsors recruiters from law schools and puts
on a LSAT Prep test. Chicanos in Law have
weekly meetings featuring guest speakers
ranging from trial attorneys to Probation
Officers, and Judges.
SATURDAY COURSES
The following courses are Intended to
provide an overall perspective on Chicanos
today. Each of the courses will be held on
two consecutive Saturdays. Students may
register for only one, for all, or for any
combination of the following courses:
NATIONAL CHICANO
HEALTH ORGANIZATION
The specific and primary purpose of
NCHO is to Increase the number of Chicano and Chicana students in the area
of medicine and Its associated fields, so
that the Chicano community can have more
La R 125T CHICANO HERITAGE
health professionals which are sensitive
Historical background of the Chicano in to their needs. NCHO activities Include
the context of American history, from· the field trips to health clinics in the community, as well as to various medical schools
pre-hispanic era to the present.
that exist in california so the students can
September 15,22
orientate themselves to the various health1910-1700 ss 204
related programs offered by other universities. Students who are Interested In medical, dental, nursing, psychology, or any
La R 125T CHICANO CULTURE
other areas of health are encouraged to
Values, attitudes, and llfe concepts of La . join NCHO.
Raza; their origins.
LAVOZ
September 29, October 6
0910-1700 ss 204
Created In 1969, La Voz de Aztlan is
one of the Fresno area's oldest Chicano
newspapers. It Is a special edition of the
La R 125T EDUCATION AND CHICANOS California State Unl~ersity, Fresno student funded newspaper, The Dally CollagInvestigation Into what It means to be bi- lan. The Chicano paper began in response
lingual and blcultural. A study of the pro- to student concerns that the traditional
grams that can be implemented to bring American mass media were doing little or
about a more meaningful education for the notnlng to portray' the minority commumChicano child.
ities.
The paper's birth was a source of contro0910-1700 ss 204
~
very for the Journalism Department, which
October 13, 20
until that time, published The Collegian.
The department severed its ties with The ·
- colleglan because of tne new minority
La R 125T CHICANO FAMILY
editions and created Its own paper, In•
Traditional and changing relationships In
sight.
La Voz -publishes either bi-weekly or
the family structure of the Chicano; Intermor.ihly, depending on The Collaglan'a
action with wider Institutional social
financial status and the Student Senate's
system.
political and racist attitudes, which vary
0910-1700 ss 204
October 27, November 3
from year to year.
SENTIMIENTOS DEL VALLE
This Chicano magazine is the first in
the San Joaquin Valley. Born from the
CSUF Chicano Youth Conference brochure, Sentlmlentoa strives to capture la
vida Chicana en el valle and to strengthen
our community's communication and
media vitality. Much of the disunity that
slows progress for the Chicano community stems from lack of communication and
lack of media to express ourselves. We
ask strong student support in promoting
this community publication. The stronger
it becomes, the more useful and available
It will be to you. w ·e seek writers, artists,
photographers and especially distributors.
LAS ADELIT AS
Las Adelitas Is a student organization of
Chicana women who are involved in educational, politlcal, and community activities.
This includes sponsoring tutorial programs, counseling Chicanas In local high
schools, h~lping in local political campaigns, and sponsoring cultural and educational programs. If you w1sh to get Involved, meet new people and have some
fun, then this Is the group for you.
CHICANO BUSINESS
STUDENTS ASSOCIATION
The objective of the C.B.S.A. is to encourage and assist students to undertake
undergraduate and graduate studies In
Business, Economics, Management, and
other related fields. The C.B.S.A. also
acts as a link between businessmen and
students, It provides services for the community sucn as active part1c1pat1on 1n tne
VITA (Volunteer Income Tax Assistance)
Program.
·
C.B.S.A. is open to all business students
and related fields.
LOS TRABAJADORES DE LA RAZA
Los Trabajadores de la Raza feel that
there is a need for Chicano social workers.
Currently, many social services are Inadequate for Chicanos and other minorities. This is due to the fact there there is
lack of impact and representation for Chicanos and other minorities. Our membership is striving to alleviate this situation
and get involved in promoting some
change in this area.
-Reprinted from Sentlmlentoa del Valla,
January 1979.
La Vos de Az1lan is published by the
Aaaodated Students at California State
University, Fresno and the newspaper
staff. Unsigned editorials are the opinions of the La Vos staff, and not necessarily the views of the Associated Students, CSUF or the State of California.
Editor ... Richard Aguirre ·
Photography ...George Aguirre,Ricardo
Pimentel,Lupe Mora
Art, .. Albino Franco, Arturo Ocampo
Reporters, .. Dora Lara,Margarita Martinez, Octavio Yescas.
Contributors ... Felix Contreras, Elvia
Ruiz, Dianne Solis, Ricardo Pimentel,
Pedro Ramirez.
May2,197'
La Voz de Aztlan
Page6
- ---UFW NOTICIAS
From Pagel
in good faith on the issues of employee
wages or benefits .
Growers have charged that the ARLB
is biased for Chavez ' s union and have
sought legislative help designed to
weaken the state ARLB labor act.
. Grower spokesma~ also
charged the UFW with engaging in
violence and intimidation in the strike .
At the U.S. Senate hearing last week,
Chavez said that despite 40 years of
effort, farm workers had still not made
significant progress in improving labor
relations . He also accused local institutions , especially law enforcement agencies, of being pro-grower in the recently
struck areas of the state.
The nationwide lettuce boycott,
if successful, would be the second major
lettuce boycott conducted by the UFW.
The UFW's last boycott of lettuce ran
from 1970 to Jan. 1978.
The union earlier staged grape boycotts in 1965-70 and 1973-78. In the
current dispute, Chavez previously
called for a boycott against United
Brands' "Chiquita" bananas .
OROSI UPI Two non-striking
lettuce workers suffered minor injuries
Monday in a rock-throwing incident involving united Farm Workers Union strikers and supporters . Tulare County sheriff's deputies said lettuce strike supporters pelted a bus loaded with non-striking workers as it was transporting them
to the lettuce fields, breaking several of
the bus windows .
Lucina Hernandez, 24, and Efreen
Hernandez, 26, ·suffered minor cuts
caused by flying glass . Both were treated at the scene and then went to work in
the lettuce fields with the others on the
bus . ·
Sheriff ' s deputies said the strike
supporters fled the scene in a group and
no arrests were made.
SALINAS UPI - The lawver for United
Farm Workers leader Cesar Chavez
appealed to a U.S. senator to prevail on
the Justice Department to investigate
the strike-related death of a farm worker
on a lettuce field picket line last February.
Jerry Cohen appeared with Chavez
before Sen . Harrison Williams, D-N.J .,
sitting as a Congressional committee of
one to review the "turbulence of the last
few months" in the three-month-old
UFW strike against lettuce growers.
Cohen, referring to the death of Rufino Contreras, 27, as he picketed for the
UFW in Imperial County last Feb. 10,
said "authorities know who did the
shooting but not which gun the bullet
left." Relatives of the slain man described to Williams how Contreras was shot
and Cohen added :
"The dead man was shot at by three
people. We were told to wait for the process of the law to work. We weren't
asking for a verdict. We just wanted a
trial ." The lawyer said charges were
filed against three men but were dismissed earlier this week. He said he
doubted the charges would be refiled
and that a civil rights violation investigation _was warranted by authorities.
Chavez told Wffiams that sheriff
departments throughout the state are
"private armies for the growers" and
that the dropping of charges against the
original suspects in the Contreras murder "encourages other murders ."
FRESNO UPI - The U .S. Border Patrol
has increased its patrols in west Fresno
County in an effort to apprehen'd undocumented workers harvesting lettuce during the current strike.
Charles Hunter, agent in charge of
the Border Patrol office in Fresno, said
the current drive had led to the arrest
of 250 undocumented workers in three
days .
U .S. Border Patrol Chief Donald 8 .
Day announced Thursday that 25 more
agents would be added to the patrol action which covers Fresno County.
The increased efforts come on the
heels of complaints by United Farm
Workers Union President Cesar Chavez,
1who
charged that the immigration
service was prolonging the strike by refusing to crack down on the illegal
aliens hired as strikebreakers.
Chicanos
atCSUF
NAME
DEPARTMENT
PHONE (487-)
Social Work
Dr. Andrew Alvarado
2910
Social Work
Luis Contreras
1038
Social Work
Ben Cuellar
1030
Social Work
Dr. Francisco lvarra
2968
Dr. Margar-ita Lopez-Urrutia Foreign Language
1242
History
Dr. JOse C. Canales
1051
Manuel Garcia
Industrial Arts
2870
Dr. Jesus Luna
La Raza Studies
1156
Ernest Martinez
La Raza Studies
1191
Teresa Perez
La Raza Studies
1191
Alex Saragoza
La Raza Studies
1041
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
La Raza Studies
2848
Dr. Cecilio Orozco
Bilingual Education
2765
Robert Padilla
Football Coach
1015
Ernesto Palomino
Art
2192
Stella Moya
Admissions
2192
Manuel Olgin
Advising Services
1052
Madeline Soltello
campus Housing
2345
Frances DelRlo
campus Housing
2345
Isabel Mejorado
Financial Aids
2182
Nancy Luna
Financial Aids
2182
Manuel Perez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Robert Hernandez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
tony Garduque
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Manuel Nunez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Laura Gomez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Ed Varela
Staff Personnel
2032
Andrew Rodarte
Mini-Corp Program
2067
Dr. Esteban Soriano
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Araceli Ramirez
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Manuel Nunez
Priscilla Contreras
Maria Correa
Silveria Segovia
Tc,nvGarduque
Luis Ambriz
Raymundo Penieo
Diane Salas
Manuel Olgin
Denny Leon
@
ORGANIZATIONS
Chicano Facui./, Staff, & Student
Organization
M.E.C.H.A.
National Chicano Health
Organization
Chicanos In Business
·Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Higher Education
Adelitas
Chicano Alumni Asaociation
Trabajadores De La Raza
Chihuahua Road Run
to aid La Raza
1021
2848
2848
2842
1021
9971
2848
2848
1052
1191
fi
Of all things in the Mexican-American
community that need to be promoted
health has to be at the top of the list'.
With that in mind, a special athletic
event will be held on Sunday june 10
through the streets of west Fresno- the
first Chihuahua Road Run . There will be
races at two and six miles for men and
women of all ages.
Sponsored by the Chihuahua Tortilla
Inc., the run has been planned as a
special community-wide event
but
s~ial emphasis has been plac'ed on
trying to get more Mexicanos on the road
to better health.
There will be more than 20 categories
of competition with races for open, submasters, masters, wheelchair athletes
seniors, youth, and even politicians and
media personalities. Top finishers in
each category will receive a special
Chihuahua Run T-shirt, and efforts are
underway to get west Fresno merchants
to donate prizes _for a raffle. Ribbons
and free refreshments· will also be
provided at the race .
The race is the biggest athletic event ever attempted by Chihuahua.
The firm is owned by the Villegas family.
The firm, active in many
community events, annually sponsor a
handball tournament during Cinco de
Mayo.
The road race will begin in front of the
Chihuahua plant at 718 "F" Street in
Chinatown and will cover a mostly
asphalt surface.
All proceeds from the race will go
towards a charity fund for two Chihuahua employees who recently died.
In the future, organizers said, the race
could become a money-making source
for many Chigino groups .
The entry fee for the race is $2 .00,
and you can register by writing to·
Victor Salazar, 4387 N. Thorne Ave.;
Fresno, Ca. 93704. For more informa-
tion call 229-5862.
May2,1979
. Page7
La Voz de Aztlan
,
.,____ _ _ _N oticias de la Raza-------,
EUSEVIO ARIAS
CHICANO APPOINTMENT
A Chicano was recently selected as the
new assistant chief of police for San
Bernardino.
Benjamin Conzales, 50, a 20-year
police veteran and a native of San Bernardino, has served as a captain on the
police force since 1972.
JOSEPHINE MENA
The state Senate Rules Committee
recommended recently that the Senate
confirm Gov . Brown's appointment of
Josephine Mena of Fresno to the state
Commission on the Status of Women.
Mena is a former customer relations
staff specialist with Pacific Telephone,
but is now serving as assistant district
representative in Fresno for Rep. Tony
Coelho.
She has lived in Fresno for 19 years
and has attended College of the Sequoias, Fresno City College and ~resno
State University, where she received_ a
masters degree in social work. Commission members receive no salary.
YOSEMITE
Job openings are available immediately at Yosemite National Park. Applicants
must be at least 18 years of age.
Applications may be made in person at
the Youth Employment Office, 2021 San
Joaquin St. from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Living accomodations and various
meal plans are available to those hired.
They will also have access to recreational
facilities at the park.
Ethnic Studies
Recruitment Day
The Ethnic Studies Department has
announced the scheduling of their
Minority Recruitment Day and of their
Graduation Dinner for 1979.
Minority Recruitment Day will be
Thursday, May 3. According to Ethnic
Studies' Program Coordinator Dr.
Robert S. Mikell, the "primary purpose
is to give these (minority) students an
opportunity to get a closer look at the
campus in the hope they will enroll."
The recrui_tment day is aimed at
minority students will be graduating
from high school this June. Dr. Mikell
estimates that 200 students will attend.
Activities will begin at 9 a.m. with
orientation in OS 121. There will be
classroom and campus visits between 10
and 11 a general session between noon
and 12'.30, and lunch in the cafeteria of
the New Residence Hall's East Wing.
The Ethinc Studies Department faculty and staff also announced that
they will hold a dinner on Friday, May
11 to honor their graduates. Councilman
Joe Williams will address the dinner,
which will begin at 7 p.m. at the Fresno
Towne House.
Parents, spouses and friends of the
graduates are all invited to attend the
dinner and tickets may be purchased
before' May 4 at the department office
(SRS-241) between 8 am and noon .
Tickets are $7 per person.
A Chicano whose ultimate and modest goal is to 'win the Pulitzer_ Prize,_ took
his qualifications to the public _~pnl 2~.
Eusevio Arias of Fresno, exh1b1ted his
photographs recently at the S~ra McCardle Room in the Downtown Library.
Arias, a photographer at the Clo~is
Independent and Tribune, has been interested in photography since 1970.
Arias said he had to find some avenue
for his creativity because he comes from
a family of artists . He said, "I am the
only one who can't draw out of a family
of seven ." Hence the photography.
His photos depict a wealth of subjects,
from neglected tombstones in Mariposa
County, Ca. to children playing alongside Fresno railroad tracks or asleep
against a comforting parent . The often
spontaneous mood of his photos is an
indication ot Arias ' relationship with his
camera . More than just a tool of his
trade, it's a bodily appendage. He said,
"I feel wierd without it."
He prefers working with black and
white film rather than color, because
it forces him to be more creative. The
several tones available with color film
makes it easier to shoot good photos
he said, but a photographer must w~rk
Poor people have been systematically
But Bobo says planners "need to look harder to shoot good black and white
zoned out of suburban areas and should at the problem in terms of the real photos.
Arias would not trade his chosen car-1 be given government help to get out_ effects on poor people and make alloweer for anything . "Every week is differof the inner city, says a researcher at ances for those effects. "
the University of California, Riverside.
He has offered a range of solutions ent," he said, "there's always someBenjamin Bobo, assistant professor of from the inclusion of low- and moderate- · thing new (to photograph) ."
administration and Black studies, charg- income housing units in all new developes in a recently completed paper that ments to government subsidies to poor
zoning laws requiring large lots in subur- people to pay for that portion of housing
SUIT SETTLED
ban areas keep housing costs out of costs directly related to zoning regulareach of poor people.
tions. Bobo suggests the Federal DeA five-vear-old lawsuit chanzimz that
"Wealthy people want to live at low partment of Housing and Urban Dev- the Los Angeles School District illegally
density," Bobo says, "and that pr?<1uces elopment (HUD) establish an education- discriminated in the hiring, promotion
a problem for low and moderate income al program showing poor people h_ow and assignment of Hispanic teachers
people because lots tend to mean they can "buy up" in stages, purchasing was recently settled.
larger, more expensive houses."
a better home in a better area every few
The settlement of the suit, brought by
Since the zoning regulations place years .
the Association of Mexican American
"artificial constraints in the market proEach step would be financially sub- Educators in 1974, provided that the suit
cess" and keep housing costs in subur- sidized by the federal government, Bobo would be dismissed if by 1982 the district
ban areas high, Bobo says "zoning is a · says, although he does not rule out in- had hired 80 percent or more of the qualform of discimination ... by restricting volvement of the private sector. HUD ified Hispanic applicants , who apply
the participation of poor people in subur- could accomplish the task with a "reallo- for teaching positions .
·
ban living." Bobo bases his conclusions . cation of current and perhaps a small
School district officials have maintainon a study of areas in Los Angeles Coun- · staff increase "he says.
ed that they have not hired more Histy ranging from Watts to Beverly ~i!ls.
In additio~ to helping the poor im- panics because few were available.
He found that zoning laws requiring prove their living conditions, Bobo The district also contended that over the
minimum lot size and special standards says, the program would also free land in last decade about eight percent of all
of construction were significant factors the inner cities for urban redevelopment hired persons have been Hispanic, while
in the high cost of existing housing and . without the displacement of people that the available pool of Hispanic applicants
made development of new low- and has been a problem in the past.
statewide has been about five percent.
moderate- income housing in those areas
Bobo says he will address the issue
The district maintains its innocence
nearly impossible.
· more completely in a book due to be fin- of all wrdngdoing . Officials said they
" I'm not opposed to zoning," Bobo ished by June that looks at a variety of agreed to the settlement only to avoid
says, noting that pockets of high cost land use issues as they effect t_he i><>?r. further expense from Iitigation.
housing -unavailable to the poor would It is tentatively entitled "Pubhc Pohcy
The plaintiffs said they agreed to the
develop even without it. And, he says, Problems in Land Use Regulati_o ns."
settlP.fllent because they believed they
some controls are necessary to assure
could not obtain relief beyond that prothat industrial or commercial develop- Reprinted Courtesy of El Chicano, San vided by the settlement.
ment is not allowed to encroach on resi- Bernardino.
dential areas.
Poor people zoned
out of suburban housing
STATE WORKERS
RESEARCH SUIT
The University of California said last
week that a suit filed against it by the
California Rural Legal Assistance would
require it to drop any research that has
practical application.
The CRLA has filed suit in Alameda
County charging the University's agricultural research program aids big grow-
Minorities comprise 24 percent of the
ers and is unfair to farmworkers. The
suit contends the University helps work force employed by_ the state of
develop agricultural machinery that ben- California, according to the 1978 annual
report of the state Personnel Board .
efits agribusiness.
However, the Spanish surnamed
In a response filed with the court,
UC said that the suit, if successful, make up only 7.8 percent of the state
would forbid the university to do "all · work force, 5.9 percent below their 13.7
research with any potential practical · percent representation in California's
work force, the report said .
application ."
La Voz de Aztlan
Page8
Cinco de Mayothe history
our valiant six thousand · soldiers, I am
the master of Mexico."
However, Laurencez' assessment
would not prove correct. In Puebla he
met 4,000 poorly-equipped but well
Cinco de Mayo is probably Mexico's
commANDED TROOPS . Laurencez, still
greatest national holiday . It was on this
confident, ordered a bold charge through
day(May 5) in 1862 that Mexican forces
Zaragoza' s best fortified positions .
under President Benito Juarez defeated
The army repulsed that attack, launcha French army and established the preed a counter-attack and drove the French
cedent of self-determination for the
back to the east coast. The battle markcountry.
From 1858 to 1861 , Mexico's popula- ed the first time French troops Flad
tion was split between a liberal govern- tasted defeat in nearly 50 years. The
ment led by President Juarez and a more finest troops in the world had been beatconservative faction . As the threee-year en by the ragged, penniless Mexicans.
"War of Reform" pitted brother-againstThe victory had deep national and inbrother for control of the government the · ternational significance. Because of the
victory, Mexican patriotism soared
country lay in ruin .
When the war was finally over and and the entire country tingled with
President Juarez(a liberal reformer) had excitement. All Mexicans fought for a
gained power, he suspended the foreign
united cause . And, the foreign intervendebt because the country was penniless . tion was postponed a year giving the
France used this action as an excuse to Mexicans time to prepare better dejustify sending in a well-armed exped- fenses .
ition to Mexico to force payment of past
Worldwide, Mexico gained higher
debt$ .
prestige, while French fortunes plummeThe French troops landed in Veracruz ted. The myth of the invincible French
·
in December, 1861 and cautiously army had been shattered.
moved toward the capital, ever deterThe victory also forstalled an alliance
mined to institute a monarchy in Mexico .
between France and the Confederate
On May 5, 1862, the French forces
States during the U.S . Civil War. Parattacked the pro-Juarez army command- ticipation of the French at this time could
ed by General Ignacio Zaragoza.
have changed the outcome of that
The commander of Napoleon's army conflict.
aws General Charles F. Latrille Count
According to Dr. Jose Canales of the
of Laurencez, a proud and pompous CSUF history department, on that
man who thought very little of the battlefield in Puebla, the integrity of
ragged Mexican troops .
Mexico andAmerica was upheld:
After su~ying the situation he wrote
"Mexican-Americans then have a
his government: "We have over the double incentive to cry proudly, 'Viva
Mexicans such a superiority of race, el Cinco de Mayo. ' And, other Ameriorganization, discipline, morality, and cans, regardless of national origin, have
high ideals that even now. at the head of reason to join them ."
By RICHARD AGUIRRE
Editor of La Voz
Semana de La Raza
Mechagrowth,
goals
Mecha became widely recognized in
1969 with the Plan de Santa Barbara.
This Plan was to serve as a guide for
Mecha and for the concrete involvement
of Chicano students in the developing
political and cultural movimiento of the
1960's. During the years which followed, activism in Chicano communities
throughout the Southwest grew in
strength and effectiveness with the
support of Mecha, and numerous other
groups for quality education and alternative schools. As the Plan de Santa Barbara stated :
"Mecha, then, is more than a name; it is
spirit of unity, of brotherhood, a resolve
undertake a struggle for liberation in a
society where justice is but a word . Mecha is a means to an end ."
" ... THE STUDENT MOVEMENT IS
MORE THAN A POLITICAL MOVEMENT. It is cultural and social as well.
The spirit of Mecha must be one of 'Her, Hernandad' and cultural awareness."
The purpose and function of Mecha is
to: 1)encourage, recruit, protect and
support the education of all Chicanos in
all schools, 2)develop programs for the
·glory of our cultural, educational, and
ethnic background; 3)work in conjunction with all our people in determining
our own destiny.
This is accomplished by becoming involved in the political and social process
necessary to meet the goals set by the organization.
1976 Semana Booklet.
May2,1979
A Special Publication_of the Daily Collegtan
LAVOZ de AZTLAN
May 2,1979
Wednesday
"Many of us, are like a
with a blindfold- not knowing the trut
of our own history and the cultura
background, of our own gente ... "
-~
CINCO de MAYO!
Comentarios
Pagel
The true
meaning of
Semana
With a deep spirit of pride in our heritage, most of us will joyfuly celebrate
Cinco de Mayo this week. It is good that
we do this, but we should not overlook
the significance of the event while
we are enjoying ourselves.
On the fifth of May in 1862, troops
loyal to President Benito Juarez repelled
a French attack on the city of Puebla.
Mexico remained free, and the battle
marked the spirit of self-determination
that has characterized the Mexicano.
Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday
in Mexico and most Chicanos in this
country also consider it a day to celebrate . The victory preserved national
independence, liberty and pride-things
we all value.
But, as we here at CSUF are enjoying
the Semana de La Raza, our own "Chicano Vintage Days," it would be wise for
us to check the progress of the movement and ask ourselves if we are doing
all we can to help bring justice to all
Chicanos . It seems a complaceny has
swept over Chicanos on this campus .
La Causa means little to so many.
Too many Chicanos today are content
with the status quo, satisfied with
that little place the dominant majority
has issued . And, this complacency
has begun to hurt others .Too many young people don't know or
care about the sacrifice, blood and tears
shed by older brothers for the movement. Too many seem content to just
pass time hanging around the cafeteria
drinking cafe and acting cool. Needless
.JeMYSN::Dfetetm
, .. er
·, :, N-'.
, urvvl'1 ,
·•t5AWP·
,,
THE MEANING OF
LA VOZ De AZTLAN
La Voz de Aztlan means "The voice
of Aztlan. " Aztlan has been translated
by most historians to be the mythical
name of the Aztec (or Mexica or Chichimeca) people who held the area
around present-day Mexico City when
the Spaniards under Hernan Cortes
entered Mexico in 1519.
In their native Nahuatl I
Aztlan meant "the place of
and also "the place they h
before." Dr. Jose Canales oft
History Department said he ha
the origins of the Aztecs, a m
tribe as far north as present
Paul-Minneapolis, Minnesota.
To Chicanos, Aztlan is the n
the entire Southwest - our i
homeland.
@Semana de La ~
Theme: El Dia de la Cultura
friday - May 4
Wednesday - May 2
Clovis H.S. Dancers
11-12 noon
12-12:30 p.m .
Dr. Jose Limon
Department of Anthropology
University of Texas, Austin
12:45-2
Gong Show
2-3:30
Reception, CU 312
7-9
Movie, CU Lounge
Thursday - May 3
Theme: El Dia de la Familia
.8:30-9a.m.
9-9:30
9:30-10:15
Pan Dulce
Calwa School Dancers
11-11:30
Children's Puppet Show
Evening Programs
6-7:30
7:30-8
6:30-7:30
8-9:30
11:30-11:45
11:45-12noon
Danzantes de Aztlan
Mr. Leonel Alvarado
Member, Fresno City Council
Student Award Ceremony
Outstanding Chicano Student
Outstanding Chicana Student
12-12:30 p.m.
Hon. Jose Angel Gutierrez
Judge, Zavala County, Texas
Founder, La Raza Unida Party
12:30-2
Teatro del Espiritu
2-3:30
Children's Puppet Show
Chester Powell School
Dancers and Chorus
10:30-11
12-1 p.m.
10:30-11 :30a.m .
Theme: The Education of the
Reception, CU 312
Additional semana Activities: Art Display, Library and CU Showcases. Car
Show, Wedesday, May 1st, Maple St.,
10a.m. -3 p.m.
. Mariachi de la Tierra
Reception for Parents,
students and community.
Hors d'oeuvre and free
beverages, CU Lounge
Trio Mendoza
Mr. Jesus Negrete
Folklorist, University of
Illinois, Urbana
Teatro del Espiritu
Saturday - May 5
7-1 p.m.
Cinco de Mayo
Cultural program at Fresno C
Center featuring danzantes, er,
queen, cultural performances ,
featuring "Sabor y Ritmos".
91__
2,1979
Pagel
La Voz de Aztlan
VFW strike
•
ains momentum
By RICARDO PIMENTEL
la Voz Contributor
Fresno County Sheriff deputies and local
police.
As the strikebreakers, eyes downcast,
Replaceme~t workers brought in b
were
escorted by police from the buses
f resno and King County lett
Y
t,ave so far failed to dim thuece ~rkowt~rs to motel rooms, they were jeered and
. ·t f U .
pie e mg laughed at by-men, women and children
spiri O nited Farmworker strike'rs
in Spanish and English .
instead, the "strikebreakers" have a :
The UFW charged growers with reparently strengthened the resolve ~f cruiting illegal aliens as strikebreakers.
UFW members in their dispute with Chavez said last week that as many as
state _lettuce growers over wages and .· 300 illegal aliens from Mexico, Central
t,enef1ts.
America and the Phillipines have been
~rowers have offered pay hikes aver- employed by lettuce growers in Californaging sev~n percent, but the UFW said
ia and Arizona. He said, "The INS (Imthe offer is inadequate. Cesar Chavez
migration and Naturalization Service) is
UFW Preside.nt'. said recently, "Whe~ not being evenhanded . We give them lothe growers limit their profits to seven cations, dates and times where these
percent, then we, II limit our wages .,,
illegals are working and nothing is ever
Replacement workers, when within done. It's a farce." An INS spokesman
ear-shot of the picketers, have been ex- denied the charge and said it was a
horted to join the strike. The results "ploy" by Chavez.
Chavez is also apparently disenchanthave been mixed. In Salinas, 34 company replacement workers left the let- ed with Governor Brown, who in the past
tuce fields last week to join UFW has been the eager recipient of wide ·
members on the picket line. In Huron, farmworker support. While in Washing'scabs•, under consplicuous police pro- ton D.C. to drum up support for the lettection in the fields and area motels and tuce strike and Chiquita Banana boycott,
trailer parks, have thus far turned ears Chavez said that Brown is doing largely
nothing to prod growers toward a seton UFW pleas .
tlement.
Saturday, strikers met buses carrying
Another UFW spokesman said union
replacement workers at the Motel Mor- members are dissapointed in Brown's
ada and the adjacent Royal Lodge Motel lack ·of real support for striking farmin Coalinga, which is housing several workers. Sould the governor decide to
strikebreakers . The strikers' arrival run for president, he may well have to do
caused wide eyes and a frantic rush by so without farmworker support. Chavez
United Farm Workers president Cesar
two onguard policement to phone for said the union rank and file is split be- Chavez Thursday called for a nationwide
reinforcements . The strikers, however, tween Brown and Sen . Edward Ken- boycott on lettuce. Chavez made the call
were non-violent and were content to nedy.
, as a state labor agency accused 28 growtaunt motel residents . "We ' re starving
In a related eve2t, the California ers of refusing to bargain with the UFW
because of you," one UFW member · State Senate has appointed yet another over the three-month old produce strike.
shouted in Spanish .
committee to investigate the UFW
Chavez said a generic strike of all iceAbout 150 strikers ultimately converg- strike, raising the total to tltree ..
ed on the motels, carrying red banners
The Senate Rules Committee appoint- berg lettuce in the country was "the only
bearing the UFW eagle. They were fol- ed group, will be chaired by a farmer, way to get justice. " He issued the boylowed by their constant companions . Sen. Rose Ann Vuich, D-Dinuba. The cott call just before testifying at a U.S .
throughout the three-month strike, a life of the committee will be 60 days, Senate committee hearing in Salinas,Ca.
mixed contingent of Highway Patrol, after which time they will issue a report. on the strike .
'··.
:...
"'
-♦,~-
(
SAN DIEGO UPI - Lt. Gov. Mike
Curb says he might favor a limited open
door policy for Mexican citizens seeking
work in the United States, as long as
they did not displace American workers.
The former Hollywood record producer said the "illegal alien situation" had
come about because "we can't find people to take the jobs these people take,
and we can ' t find people to take the
iobs because we have a welfare system
that is competing with our private sector:
The 34-year-old lietenant governor
was attending a meeting of the Commission of the Californias in La Paz, Mexico,
but flew to San Diego for the speech
before the Honorary Deputy Sheriff's
Association Thursday night. He returned
to Mexico today.
Curb also said he has been asked to
i>articipate in a joint California-Mexico
task force that will stu~ related prob-
Growers refused to appear at the hearing, saying the hearing was only designed to provide a media forum for
Chavez to air his views .
The refusal-to-bargain complaint
against the 28 growers was leveled by
the Salinas local office of the state's
Agricultural Labor Relations Board.
The state board's accuasation said that
sine e the strike began(Jan . 19) to the
present, g: rowers have failed to bargain
SeePage6
Over the Wire------------')
lems of the regions and report the findings to Mexico President Jose Lopez
Portillo.
"The foreign minister of Mexico
has asked that we make a special report
on three major issues, the issue of energy, the issue of foreign investments and
the issue of aliens," Curb said.
Curb has indicated he wants to increase the responsibilities of the commission, which is comprised of elected
officials and appointees whose aim is to
create better cultural and business relations between American border states
and Baja California.
FRESNO UPI-A disturbance Sunday
afternoon during a low rider car show at
Kearney Park in West Fresno left several law enforcement officers with minor
injuries and 14 persons in custody.
Sheriff's deputies said the disturbance began when deputies attempted
to arrest two persons for public intoxication during the show and spectators be-
gan throwing rocks and bottles at the officers.
Deputies called for help and reinforcements from the Highway Patrol and
Fresno Police Department poured into
the park in an attempt to break up the
melee.
By 9 p.m. officers had withdrawn
from the park and the visitors had begun
clearing out of the area.
Deputies said five officers suffered injuries serious enough to be treated at a
hospital, but none of the injuries required the officers to be admitted .
Of the 14 persons arrested during the
disturbance, 12were booked on charges
of public intoxication . One was charged
with disturbing the peace and the other
with assault on a police officer.
juana, Mexico, Thursday, United States
officials reported .
Francisco Orozco Martinez, one of twe
prisoners sent back to Mexico Thursday, had been serving a term at the California Men's Colony in San Luis Obispo
for his conviction of burglary.
Jesus Diaz Alvarado, a prisoner being held at the federal Metropolitan Correctional Center in San Diego, was also
returned to Mexico where he will serve
the remainder of his term for possession
of heroin with intent to distribute. Five
other prisoners incarcerated in the United States for federal charges have been
returned to Mexico since the exchange
program began, while scores of Americans have been returned to the United
States.
The transfer of both Mexican men
SAN DIEGO UPI - The first California
prisoner ever to be returned to Mexico Thursday was arranged during a verifiunder the 1976 prisoner exchange treaty . cation hearing Wednesday before U.S.
was turned over to authorities in Ti- Magistrate Edward Harris in San Diego.
La
Page4
May2,1
Voz de Aztlan
La Raza Studies still strong
The complete failure of CSUF in these
three areas was obvious to the Chicano
community. Therefore, the late 1960 ' s
particularly 1969, ~itnessed an . ex~losive era--an era of intense examination
The decade of the 1960's represented
a period of intense questioning and re- of institutions like CSUF and the role
flection . Many members of the dominant that it played in the process of undersociety were taken aback by the de- standing the Chicano experience.
The 1969-70 school year was also one
mands of ethnic minorities for educationof
the most explosive in Fresno State's
al, economic, and social equality and .
history. During that year, 517 Chicanos,
for self-determination .
The dominant society often times re- representing only 4.6 percent of the total
sented and misunderstood these de- enrollment of CSUF were attending the
mands . Simultaneously,
minorities, university, while Chicanos represented
such as Chicanos, recognized they knew 28% of the population in Fresno County .
Since these hectic beginnings, much
very little about themselves and the rich
has happened to both La Raza Studies
history from which they had emerged.
Understandably, both groups turned and Chicanos on campus . Despite the
to educational institutions for assistance . problems we continue to have as a result
Unfortunately, CSUF, like so many other of administrative insensitivity, La Raza
institutions of higher learning, could not Studies has made many gains. Our proprovide the answers. CSUF had neither gram has greatly stabilized and we now
a Chicano faculty pool, nor a compre- offer an average of 30 classes per semeshensive curriculum regarding Chicano- ter. A basic core of courses revolve
oriented topics, nor a sizable Chicano around history, culture, social and community studies and the arts.
student population.
The current faculty consists of Dr.
LA RAZA STUDIES:
STRONGER NOW
THAN EVER BEFORE
Jesus Luna, Dr. Theresa Perez, Dr. Aiex
Saragoza, Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano, and
Professor Ernesto Martinez. Our program is also very fortunate to have excellent · individuals who teach parttime . They enable La Raza Studies to
offer specialized classes in Business,
Law, Health, Drug Abuse, and Education.
La Raza Studies still offers a minor
and is also part of the Bilingual/Bicultural Specialist Credential Program on
campus . Best of all is the fact that
La Raza Studies has had a continuing increase in the number of students who
take our courses, while many other
departments on campus have been experiencing a decrease in student enrollment.
This continuing increase has provided
our program with greater strength and
stability. As Dr. Peter Klassen, dean of
the School of Social Sciences, stated in
a letter to The Fresno Bee:
"Contrary to some statements made,
La Raza Studies Program is neither sick
nor dying; rather it is healthy and grow-
ing. In fact, it is stronger now th an
before While other departments
many parts of the university have s
ed severe enrollment losses, La
Studies has actually grown . Its fa
members deserve a great deal of a
for this . The faculty of La Raza St
has established itself as one of th e
productive, and imagi~ative on cam
The university, and indeed the e
community , may be justlyn proud of
La Raza Studies Program.
We are committed to further str
thening our program, both qualitativer,
and quantitatively, becaus~ we real
that without La Raza Studies, the U
versity would remain virtually devoid
any knowledge related to Chicanos .
If you have any questions about
classes or our program in general,
invite your to call us at 487-2848 ore
by our office located in San Ramon i
Room 118.
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
Coordinator La Raza.Studies
Comp Iete Fall '79 course offerings
La R 125T CHICANOS AND THE LEGAL
SYSTEM
Examines the experience of the Chicano
and the legal process through the discussion of some very important cases. Cases
such as Bakke, minority access to media,
and the Equal Rights Amendment will be
discussed.
1810-2100W NS 147
La R 125T BUSINESS AND THE MINOR- .
ITY COMMUNITY
Business and economic development in
minority communities and their relationship to the wider economic and social
systems. Will include a symposium of
Chicano business professionals from the
community.
1810-2100 TH LS 181
La R 125T DRUG ABUSE
Current trends in education, prevention
and treatment of alcohol and drug abuse.
Lecture and field study.
1810-2100T LS 181
La R 125T MENTAL HEALTH
Discussion of mental health facilities and
services as they relate to both Chicano
clients and professional staff. Values and
characteristics of Chicano patients. Regional, State and National policies.
1810-2100 M SS 204
La R 125T RACISM AND SEXISM IN EDUCATION
La R 125T ORAL HISTORY
To train students on the use, collection and
importance of oral histories to ethnic heritage and awareness. Students will learn
to develop a history of Chicanos in Fresno
by interviewing parents, grandparents
and other community members and by
collecting old pictures, newspapers, and,
music related to the Chicano experience.
1545-1700 TTH SS 204
Introduction to contemporary art forms of
the Southwest and Mexico with emphasis
on music and dance.
1210-1300 MWF SA 169
Indian folklore of Mexico and South
and Its fusion with Chicano and His
folklore.
1310-1400 MWF SA 169
La R 009 CHICANO DIRECTED WRITING
La R 121A MUSIC AND DANCE OF U
RAZA
Emphasis on sentence structure, punctuation, research and development of writing abilities.
1310-1400 MWF SS 204
1110-1225 TTH LS 181
La Ra 125T CONTEMPORARY DANCE
La R 105 CULTURAL CHANGE OF CHICANO
Introduction to contemporary Mexican and
Latin dances such as corrldos, cumblas,
and mambos, chachas, merenques, and
1410-1525 TTH LS 181
Analysis of the continuities and the changes in the culture of the Chicano under
the impact of urbanization, immigration,
and acculturatlon.
1210-1300 MWF SS 204
La R 125T DANCE FOR THE CLASSROOM TEACHER
La R 109 CHICANOS AND THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
The application of Mexican Folkloric dance
to classroom instruction: primarily for elementary school teachers. Will include history on origins of dances as well as performance.
1810-2100 M GW 130
Principal elements of the educational system and their effect on Chicano students.
1410-1525 TTH SS 204
salsa.
La R 003 SOCIALIZATION
CHICANO
OF
THE
Social, political, and psychological aspects
of being a minority as reflected in the diversity of the Chicano and his self-concepts.
1110-1200 MWF SS 204
0945-1100TTH SS 204
Development and performance of Mexlcll
folk music and dance; lndlan, N8QII
Spanish, and European Influences;
temporary relationships to Chicano ~
ture.
1410-1500 MWF SA 169
La R 124 CHICANO CHILD
La R 110 BILINGUAL
EDUCATION
General psychological principles and tht
ones ot growth ana aevelopment and thf
applicability to the Chicano child.
1110-1225 TTH SS 204
La R 127 CHICANO ADOLESCENT
The adjustment of Chicano adolescents •
American society and its Impact on -'
peer group relations, and famliy llfe; wilt
emphasis on sources of conflict and ,,.
slon.
1810-2100 TH SS 204
BICULTURAL
La R 130 CHICANO THEATRE
Investigation into what It means to be bllingual and bicultural. A study of the programs that can be Implemented to bring
about a more meaningful education for
the Chicano child.
1800-2100 T SS 204
Production of Chicano theatre for maj~
performances.
1510-1700 MWF GW 130
4 Hour Arrangement ·
La R 145 FIELDWORK COMMUNITY
La R 118CHICANO FAMILY
Topics will cover the opening of educational opportunities to women and ethnic minorities, the relationships between schooling and subsequent careers, sex and ethnicity as factors in classroom Interaction,
coeducation versus single sex institutions,
and current efforts against social and sexual discrimination.
1400-1500 MWF SS 204
La R 005 CHICANO CULTURE
Values, attitudes and llfe concepts of
La Raza; their origins.
0910-1000 MWF SS 204
1245-1400 TTH SS 204
Traditional and changing relationships in
the family structure of the Chicano; Interaction with wider institutional social system.
1010-1100 MWF SS 204
La Raza 145 provides observation, orientation, and participation In the Chlcart
community. This course offers severJ
options from which a student can ch~
1. Blllngual Cross-Cultural Speclll•
Credential candidates
5'.-ePagel
La R 007 CHICANO ART FORM
La R 120 FOLKLORE OF MEXICO AND
SOUTHWEST .
May2,1979
Page5
La Voz de Aztlan
Chicano groups
on campus
Because of the variety of educational
fields that Chicanos are striving for, Chicanos here on campus have formed separate organizations to focus particular attention on each different area, such as in
health, law, business, mass media; education and Chicana women.
CHICANOS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Chicanos In Higher Education (C.H.E.)
was Initially formed In 1974 and offlcally
recognized by the CSUF Administration
as a student organization In 1975. The initial move In forming this organization
resulted from the negative experiences of
Chicano students attempting to gain teaching credentials from this university. Some
of the objectives of C.H.E. will be to inform
others of general poHcies as conducted by
the School of Education, promote recruitment of faculty members in the School
of Education, and other related Interests
concerning the field of education.
CHICANOS IN LAW
La Raza·Cou rses
FromPage4
La Raza 145 Is a requirement for Individuals obtaining the BIiinguai Cross-Cultural Specialist Credential. This course assists the candidates to link formal course
work with practice and prepares them to
make contributions In the areas of administrative processes, program policy, coordination of services, program demonstrations or research.
2. The Crlmlnal Justice System and Chi•
--
For Individuals Interested In working in
different areas of the criminal justice system; both juvenile and adult. Will include
trips to prison and juvenile halls.
3. Placement In Community Agenclea
orProJectl
For students interested In working directly with a particular community agency or
project, such as:
.
-chlcano Youth Center (as tutors and
counselors)
-chlcano Media Projects (as Journalists
and radio-TV programmers)
-Employment Development Program (as
counselors and Job developers)
-Working Opportunities for Women Pro-
Ject
(as counselors and Intake workers)
-sent1mlentoa Magazine and La Voz de
Aztlan campus and community newspaper
editions (as writers and photographers)
... and many other agencies and projects
where students can obtain and develop
valuable work experience.
1500-1600 MWF SS 204
La R 190 INDEPENDENT STUDY
Available to students who wish to deal
with a special Interest not covered in a regular course or with the exploration in greater depth of a subject presented In a regular
course. Students will work u·nder the supervision of an instructor.
Hours by arrangement
Chicanos in Law began In 1976, primarily for students Interested In going to law
school. This Interest has since expanded to
Include any law related 'ffeld of study. Chicanos In Law Is essentially an information
bank, providing trips to Law Schools,
corrective institutions, aRd to courts to
observe the legal process. It also sponsors recruiters from law schools and puts
on a LSAT Prep test. Chicanos in Law have
weekly meetings featuring guest speakers
ranging from trial attorneys to Probation
Officers, and Judges.
SATURDAY COURSES
The following courses are Intended to
provide an overall perspective on Chicanos
today. Each of the courses will be held on
two consecutive Saturdays. Students may
register for only one, for all, or for any
combination of the following courses:
NATIONAL CHICANO
HEALTH ORGANIZATION
The specific and primary purpose of
NCHO is to Increase the number of Chicano and Chicana students in the area
of medicine and Its associated fields, so
that the Chicano community can have more
La R 125T CHICANO HERITAGE
health professionals which are sensitive
Historical background of the Chicano in to their needs. NCHO activities Include
the context of American history, from· the field trips to health clinics in the community, as well as to various medical schools
pre-hispanic era to the present.
that exist in california so the students can
September 15,22
orientate themselves to the various health1910-1700 ss 204
related programs offered by other universities. Students who are Interested In medical, dental, nursing, psychology, or any
La R 125T CHICANO CULTURE
other areas of health are encouraged to
Values, attitudes, and llfe concepts of La . join NCHO.
Raza; their origins.
LAVOZ
September 29, October 6
0910-1700 ss 204
Created In 1969, La Voz de Aztlan is
one of the Fresno area's oldest Chicano
newspapers. It Is a special edition of the
La R 125T EDUCATION AND CHICANOS California State Unl~ersity, Fresno student funded newspaper, The Dally CollagInvestigation Into what It means to be bi- lan. The Chicano paper began in response
lingual and blcultural. A study of the pro- to student concerns that the traditional
grams that can be implemented to bring American mass media were doing little or
about a more meaningful education for the notnlng to portray' the minority commumChicano child.
ities.
The paper's birth was a source of contro0910-1700 ss 204
~
very for the Journalism Department, which
October 13, 20
until that time, published The Collegian.
The department severed its ties with The ·
- colleglan because of tne new minority
La R 125T CHICANO FAMILY
editions and created Its own paper, In•
Traditional and changing relationships In
sight.
La Voz -publishes either bi-weekly or
the family structure of the Chicano; Intermor.ihly, depending on The Collaglan'a
action with wider Institutional social
financial status and the Student Senate's
system.
political and racist attitudes, which vary
0910-1700 ss 204
October 27, November 3
from year to year.
SENTIMIENTOS DEL VALLE
This Chicano magazine is the first in
the San Joaquin Valley. Born from the
CSUF Chicano Youth Conference brochure, Sentlmlentoa strives to capture la
vida Chicana en el valle and to strengthen
our community's communication and
media vitality. Much of the disunity that
slows progress for the Chicano community stems from lack of communication and
lack of media to express ourselves. We
ask strong student support in promoting
this community publication. The stronger
it becomes, the more useful and available
It will be to you. w ·e seek writers, artists,
photographers and especially distributors.
LAS ADELIT AS
Las Adelitas Is a student organization of
Chicana women who are involved in educational, politlcal, and community activities.
This includes sponsoring tutorial programs, counseling Chicanas In local high
schools, h~lping in local political campaigns, and sponsoring cultural and educational programs. If you w1sh to get Involved, meet new people and have some
fun, then this Is the group for you.
CHICANO BUSINESS
STUDENTS ASSOCIATION
The objective of the C.B.S.A. is to encourage and assist students to undertake
undergraduate and graduate studies In
Business, Economics, Management, and
other related fields. The C.B.S.A. also
acts as a link between businessmen and
students, It provides services for the community sucn as active part1c1pat1on 1n tne
VITA (Volunteer Income Tax Assistance)
Program.
·
C.B.S.A. is open to all business students
and related fields.
LOS TRABAJADORES DE LA RAZA
Los Trabajadores de la Raza feel that
there is a need for Chicano social workers.
Currently, many social services are Inadequate for Chicanos and other minorities. This is due to the fact there there is
lack of impact and representation for Chicanos and other minorities. Our membership is striving to alleviate this situation
and get involved in promoting some
change in this area.
-Reprinted from Sentlmlentoa del Valla,
January 1979.
La Vos de Az1lan is published by the
Aaaodated Students at California State
University, Fresno and the newspaper
staff. Unsigned editorials are the opinions of the La Vos staff, and not necessarily the views of the Associated Students, CSUF or the State of California.
Editor ... Richard Aguirre ·
Photography ...George Aguirre,Ricardo
Pimentel,Lupe Mora
Art, .. Albino Franco, Arturo Ocampo
Reporters, .. Dora Lara,Margarita Martinez, Octavio Yescas.
Contributors ... Felix Contreras, Elvia
Ruiz, Dianne Solis, Ricardo Pimentel,
Pedro Ramirez.
May2,197'
La Voz de Aztlan
Page6
- ---UFW NOTICIAS
From Pagel
in good faith on the issues of employee
wages or benefits .
Growers have charged that the ARLB
is biased for Chavez ' s union and have
sought legislative help designed to
weaken the state ARLB labor act.
. Grower spokesma~ also
charged the UFW with engaging in
violence and intimidation in the strike .
At the U.S. Senate hearing last week,
Chavez said that despite 40 years of
effort, farm workers had still not made
significant progress in improving labor
relations . He also accused local institutions , especially law enforcement agencies, of being pro-grower in the recently
struck areas of the state.
The nationwide lettuce boycott,
if successful, would be the second major
lettuce boycott conducted by the UFW.
The UFW's last boycott of lettuce ran
from 1970 to Jan. 1978.
The union earlier staged grape boycotts in 1965-70 and 1973-78. In the
current dispute, Chavez previously
called for a boycott against United
Brands' "Chiquita" bananas .
OROSI UPI Two non-striking
lettuce workers suffered minor injuries
Monday in a rock-throwing incident involving united Farm Workers Union strikers and supporters . Tulare County sheriff's deputies said lettuce strike supporters pelted a bus loaded with non-striking workers as it was transporting them
to the lettuce fields, breaking several of
the bus windows .
Lucina Hernandez, 24, and Efreen
Hernandez, 26, ·suffered minor cuts
caused by flying glass . Both were treated at the scene and then went to work in
the lettuce fields with the others on the
bus . ·
Sheriff ' s deputies said the strike
supporters fled the scene in a group and
no arrests were made.
SALINAS UPI - The lawver for United
Farm Workers leader Cesar Chavez
appealed to a U.S. senator to prevail on
the Justice Department to investigate
the strike-related death of a farm worker
on a lettuce field picket line last February.
Jerry Cohen appeared with Chavez
before Sen . Harrison Williams, D-N.J .,
sitting as a Congressional committee of
one to review the "turbulence of the last
few months" in the three-month-old
UFW strike against lettuce growers.
Cohen, referring to the death of Rufino Contreras, 27, as he picketed for the
UFW in Imperial County last Feb. 10,
said "authorities know who did the
shooting but not which gun the bullet
left." Relatives of the slain man described to Williams how Contreras was shot
and Cohen added :
"The dead man was shot at by three
people. We were told to wait for the process of the law to work. We weren't
asking for a verdict. We just wanted a
trial ." The lawyer said charges were
filed against three men but were dismissed earlier this week. He said he
doubted the charges would be refiled
and that a civil rights violation investigation _was warranted by authorities.
Chavez told Wffiams that sheriff
departments throughout the state are
"private armies for the growers" and
that the dropping of charges against the
original suspects in the Contreras murder "encourages other murders ."
FRESNO UPI - The U .S. Border Patrol
has increased its patrols in west Fresno
County in an effort to apprehen'd undocumented workers harvesting lettuce during the current strike.
Charles Hunter, agent in charge of
the Border Patrol office in Fresno, said
the current drive had led to the arrest
of 250 undocumented workers in three
days .
U .S. Border Patrol Chief Donald 8 .
Day announced Thursday that 25 more
agents would be added to the patrol action which covers Fresno County.
The increased efforts come on the
heels of complaints by United Farm
Workers Union President Cesar Chavez,
1who
charged that the immigration
service was prolonging the strike by refusing to crack down on the illegal
aliens hired as strikebreakers.
Chicanos
atCSUF
NAME
DEPARTMENT
PHONE (487-)
Social Work
Dr. Andrew Alvarado
2910
Social Work
Luis Contreras
1038
Social Work
Ben Cuellar
1030
Social Work
Dr. Francisco lvarra
2968
Dr. Margar-ita Lopez-Urrutia Foreign Language
1242
History
Dr. JOse C. Canales
1051
Manuel Garcia
Industrial Arts
2870
Dr. Jesus Luna
La Raza Studies
1156
Ernest Martinez
La Raza Studies
1191
Teresa Perez
La Raza Studies
1191
Alex Saragoza
La Raza Studies
1041
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
La Raza Studies
2848
Dr. Cecilio Orozco
Bilingual Education
2765
Robert Padilla
Football Coach
1015
Ernesto Palomino
Art
2192
Stella Moya
Admissions
2192
Manuel Olgin
Advising Services
1052
Madeline Soltello
campus Housing
2345
Frances DelRlo
campus Housing
2345
Isabel Mejorado
Financial Aids
2182
Nancy Luna
Financial Aids
2182
Manuel Perez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Robert Hernandez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
tony Garduque
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Manuel Nunez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Laura Gomez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Ed Varela
Staff Personnel
2032
Andrew Rodarte
Mini-Corp Program
2067
Dr. Esteban Soriano
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Araceli Ramirez
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Manuel Nunez
Priscilla Contreras
Maria Correa
Silveria Segovia
Tc,nvGarduque
Luis Ambriz
Raymundo Penieo
Diane Salas
Manuel Olgin
Denny Leon
@
ORGANIZATIONS
Chicano Facui./, Staff, & Student
Organization
M.E.C.H.A.
National Chicano Health
Organization
Chicanos In Business
·Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Higher Education
Adelitas
Chicano Alumni Asaociation
Trabajadores De La Raza
Chihuahua Road Run
to aid La Raza
1021
2848
2848
2842
1021
9971
2848
2848
1052
1191
fi
Of all things in the Mexican-American
community that need to be promoted
health has to be at the top of the list'.
With that in mind, a special athletic
event will be held on Sunday june 10
through the streets of west Fresno- the
first Chihuahua Road Run . There will be
races at two and six miles for men and
women of all ages.
Sponsored by the Chihuahua Tortilla
Inc., the run has been planned as a
special community-wide event
but
s~ial emphasis has been plac'ed on
trying to get more Mexicanos on the road
to better health.
There will be more than 20 categories
of competition with races for open, submasters, masters, wheelchair athletes
seniors, youth, and even politicians and
media personalities. Top finishers in
each category will receive a special
Chihuahua Run T-shirt, and efforts are
underway to get west Fresno merchants
to donate prizes _for a raffle. Ribbons
and free refreshments· will also be
provided at the race .
The race is the biggest athletic event ever attempted by Chihuahua.
The firm is owned by the Villegas family.
The firm, active in many
community events, annually sponsor a
handball tournament during Cinco de
Mayo.
The road race will begin in front of the
Chihuahua plant at 718 "F" Street in
Chinatown and will cover a mostly
asphalt surface.
All proceeds from the race will go
towards a charity fund for two Chihuahua employees who recently died.
In the future, organizers said, the race
could become a money-making source
for many Chigino groups .
The entry fee for the race is $2 .00,
and you can register by writing to·
Victor Salazar, 4387 N. Thorne Ave.;
Fresno, Ca. 93704. For more informa-
tion call 229-5862.
May2,1979
. Page7
La Voz de Aztlan
,
.,____ _ _ _N oticias de la Raza-------,
EUSEVIO ARIAS
CHICANO APPOINTMENT
A Chicano was recently selected as the
new assistant chief of police for San
Bernardino.
Benjamin Conzales, 50, a 20-year
police veteran and a native of San Bernardino, has served as a captain on the
police force since 1972.
JOSEPHINE MENA
The state Senate Rules Committee
recommended recently that the Senate
confirm Gov . Brown's appointment of
Josephine Mena of Fresno to the state
Commission on the Status of Women.
Mena is a former customer relations
staff specialist with Pacific Telephone,
but is now serving as assistant district
representative in Fresno for Rep. Tony
Coelho.
She has lived in Fresno for 19 years
and has attended College of the Sequoias, Fresno City College and ~resno
State University, where she received_ a
masters degree in social work. Commission members receive no salary.
YOSEMITE
Job openings are available immediately at Yosemite National Park. Applicants
must be at least 18 years of age.
Applications may be made in person at
the Youth Employment Office, 2021 San
Joaquin St. from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Living accomodations and various
meal plans are available to those hired.
They will also have access to recreational
facilities at the park.
Ethnic Studies
Recruitment Day
The Ethnic Studies Department has
announced the scheduling of their
Minority Recruitment Day and of their
Graduation Dinner for 1979.
Minority Recruitment Day will be
Thursday, May 3. According to Ethnic
Studies' Program Coordinator Dr.
Robert S. Mikell, the "primary purpose
is to give these (minority) students an
opportunity to get a closer look at the
campus in the hope they will enroll."
The recrui_tment day is aimed at
minority students will be graduating
from high school this June. Dr. Mikell
estimates that 200 students will attend.
Activities will begin at 9 a.m. with
orientation in OS 121. There will be
classroom and campus visits between 10
and 11 a general session between noon
and 12'.30, and lunch in the cafeteria of
the New Residence Hall's East Wing.
The Ethinc Studies Department faculty and staff also announced that
they will hold a dinner on Friday, May
11 to honor their graduates. Councilman
Joe Williams will address the dinner,
which will begin at 7 p.m. at the Fresno
Towne House.
Parents, spouses and friends of the
graduates are all invited to attend the
dinner and tickets may be purchased
before' May 4 at the department office
(SRS-241) between 8 am and noon .
Tickets are $7 per person.
A Chicano whose ultimate and modest goal is to 'win the Pulitzer_ Prize,_ took
his qualifications to the public _~pnl 2~.
Eusevio Arias of Fresno, exh1b1ted his
photographs recently at the S~ra McCardle Room in the Downtown Library.
Arias, a photographer at the Clo~is
Independent and Tribune, has been interested in photography since 1970.
Arias said he had to find some avenue
for his creativity because he comes from
a family of artists . He said, "I am the
only one who can't draw out of a family
of seven ." Hence the photography.
His photos depict a wealth of subjects,
from neglected tombstones in Mariposa
County, Ca. to children playing alongside Fresno railroad tracks or asleep
against a comforting parent . The often
spontaneous mood of his photos is an
indication ot Arias ' relationship with his
camera . More than just a tool of his
trade, it's a bodily appendage. He said,
"I feel wierd without it."
He prefers working with black and
white film rather than color, because
it forces him to be more creative. The
several tones available with color film
makes it easier to shoot good photos
he said, but a photographer must w~rk
Poor people have been systematically
But Bobo says planners "need to look harder to shoot good black and white
zoned out of suburban areas and should at the problem in terms of the real photos.
Arias would not trade his chosen car-1 be given government help to get out_ effects on poor people and make alloweer for anything . "Every week is differof the inner city, says a researcher at ances for those effects. "
the University of California, Riverside.
He has offered a range of solutions ent," he said, "there's always someBenjamin Bobo, assistant professor of from the inclusion of low- and moderate- · thing new (to photograph) ."
administration and Black studies, charg- income housing units in all new developes in a recently completed paper that ments to government subsidies to poor
zoning laws requiring large lots in subur- people to pay for that portion of housing
SUIT SETTLED
ban areas keep housing costs out of costs directly related to zoning regulareach of poor people.
tions. Bobo suggests the Federal DeA five-vear-old lawsuit chanzimz that
"Wealthy people want to live at low partment of Housing and Urban Dev- the Los Angeles School District illegally
density," Bobo says, "and that pr?<1uces elopment (HUD) establish an education- discriminated in the hiring, promotion
a problem for low and moderate income al program showing poor people h_ow and assignment of Hispanic teachers
people because lots tend to mean they can "buy up" in stages, purchasing was recently settled.
larger, more expensive houses."
a better home in a better area every few
The settlement of the suit, brought by
Since the zoning regulations place years .
the Association of Mexican American
"artificial constraints in the market proEach step would be financially sub- Educators in 1974, provided that the suit
cess" and keep housing costs in subur- sidized by the federal government, Bobo would be dismissed if by 1982 the district
ban areas high, Bobo says "zoning is a · says, although he does not rule out in- had hired 80 percent or more of the qualform of discimination ... by restricting volvement of the private sector. HUD ified Hispanic applicants , who apply
the participation of poor people in subur- could accomplish the task with a "reallo- for teaching positions .
·
ban living." Bobo bases his conclusions . cation of current and perhaps a small
School district officials have maintainon a study of areas in Los Angeles Coun- · staff increase "he says.
ed that they have not hired more Histy ranging from Watts to Beverly ~i!ls.
In additio~ to helping the poor im- panics because few were available.
He found that zoning laws requiring prove their living conditions, Bobo The district also contended that over the
minimum lot size and special standards says, the program would also free land in last decade about eight percent of all
of construction were significant factors the inner cities for urban redevelopment hired persons have been Hispanic, while
in the high cost of existing housing and . without the displacement of people that the available pool of Hispanic applicants
made development of new low- and has been a problem in the past.
statewide has been about five percent.
moderate- income housing in those areas
Bobo says he will address the issue
The district maintains its innocence
nearly impossible.
· more completely in a book due to be fin- of all wrdngdoing . Officials said they
" I'm not opposed to zoning," Bobo ished by June that looks at a variety of agreed to the settlement only to avoid
says, noting that pockets of high cost land use issues as they effect t_he i><>?r. further expense from Iitigation.
housing -unavailable to the poor would It is tentatively entitled "Pubhc Pohcy
The plaintiffs said they agreed to the
develop even without it. And, he says, Problems in Land Use Regulati_o ns."
settlP.fllent because they believed they
some controls are necessary to assure
could not obtain relief beyond that prothat industrial or commercial develop- Reprinted Courtesy of El Chicano, San vided by the settlement.
ment is not allowed to encroach on resi- Bernardino.
dential areas.
Poor people zoned
out of suburban housing
STATE WORKERS
RESEARCH SUIT
The University of California said last
week that a suit filed against it by the
California Rural Legal Assistance would
require it to drop any research that has
practical application.
The CRLA has filed suit in Alameda
County charging the University's agricultural research program aids big grow-
Minorities comprise 24 percent of the
ers and is unfair to farmworkers. The
suit contends the University helps work force employed by_ the state of
develop agricultural machinery that ben- California, according to the 1978 annual
report of the state Personnel Board .
efits agribusiness.
However, the Spanish surnamed
In a response filed with the court,
UC said that the suit, if successful, make up only 7.8 percent of the state
would forbid the university to do "all · work force, 5.9 percent below their 13.7
research with any potential practical · percent representation in California's
work force, the report said .
application ."
La Voz de Aztlan
Page8
Cinco de Mayothe history
our valiant six thousand · soldiers, I am
the master of Mexico."
However, Laurencez' assessment
would not prove correct. In Puebla he
met 4,000 poorly-equipped but well
Cinco de Mayo is probably Mexico's
commANDED TROOPS . Laurencez, still
greatest national holiday . It was on this
confident, ordered a bold charge through
day(May 5) in 1862 that Mexican forces
Zaragoza' s best fortified positions .
under President Benito Juarez defeated
The army repulsed that attack, launcha French army and established the preed a counter-attack and drove the French
cedent of self-determination for the
back to the east coast. The battle markcountry.
From 1858 to 1861 , Mexico's popula- ed the first time French troops Flad
tion was split between a liberal govern- tasted defeat in nearly 50 years. The
ment led by President Juarez and a more finest troops in the world had been beatconservative faction . As the threee-year en by the ragged, penniless Mexicans.
"War of Reform" pitted brother-againstThe victory had deep national and inbrother for control of the government the · ternational significance. Because of the
victory, Mexican patriotism soared
country lay in ruin .
When the war was finally over and and the entire country tingled with
President Juarez(a liberal reformer) had excitement. All Mexicans fought for a
gained power, he suspended the foreign
united cause . And, the foreign intervendebt because the country was penniless . tion was postponed a year giving the
France used this action as an excuse to Mexicans time to prepare better dejustify sending in a well-armed exped- fenses .
ition to Mexico to force payment of past
Worldwide, Mexico gained higher
debt$ .
prestige, while French fortunes plummeThe French troops landed in Veracruz ted. The myth of the invincible French
·
in December, 1861 and cautiously army had been shattered.
moved toward the capital, ever deterThe victory also forstalled an alliance
mined to institute a monarchy in Mexico .
between France and the Confederate
On May 5, 1862, the French forces
States during the U.S . Civil War. Parattacked the pro-Juarez army command- ticipation of the French at this time could
ed by General Ignacio Zaragoza.
have changed the outcome of that
The commander of Napoleon's army conflict.
aws General Charles F. Latrille Count
According to Dr. Jose Canales of the
of Laurencez, a proud and pompous CSUF history department, on that
man who thought very little of the battlefield in Puebla, the integrity of
ragged Mexican troops .
Mexico andAmerica was upheld:
After su~ying the situation he wrote
"Mexican-Americans then have a
his government: "We have over the double incentive to cry proudly, 'Viva
Mexicans such a superiority of race, el Cinco de Mayo. ' And, other Ameriorganization, discipline, morality, and cans, regardless of national origin, have
high ideals that even now. at the head of reason to join them ."
By RICHARD AGUIRRE
Editor of La Voz
Semana de La Raza
Mechagrowth,
goals
Mecha became widely recognized in
1969 with the Plan de Santa Barbara.
This Plan was to serve as a guide for
Mecha and for the concrete involvement
of Chicano students in the developing
political and cultural movimiento of the
1960's. During the years which followed, activism in Chicano communities
throughout the Southwest grew in
strength and effectiveness with the
support of Mecha, and numerous other
groups for quality education and alternative schools. As the Plan de Santa Barbara stated :
"Mecha, then, is more than a name; it is
spirit of unity, of brotherhood, a resolve
undertake a struggle for liberation in a
society where justice is but a word . Mecha is a means to an end ."
" ... THE STUDENT MOVEMENT IS
MORE THAN A POLITICAL MOVEMENT. It is cultural and social as well.
The spirit of Mecha must be one of 'Her, Hernandad' and cultural awareness."
The purpose and function of Mecha is
to: 1)encourage, recruit, protect and
support the education of all Chicanos in
all schools, 2)develop programs for the
·glory of our cultural, educational, and
ethnic background; 3)work in conjunction with all our people in determining
our own destiny.
This is accomplished by becoming involved in the political and social process
necessary to meet the goals set by the organization.
1976 Semana Booklet.
May2,1979
LAVOZ de AZTLAN
May 2,1979
Wednesday
"Many of us, are like a
with a blindfold- not knowing the trut
of our own history and the cultura
background, of our own gente ... "
-~
CINCO de MAYO!
Comentarios
Pagel
The true
meaning of
Semana
With a deep spirit of pride in our heritage, most of us will joyfuly celebrate
Cinco de Mayo this week. It is good that
we do this, but we should not overlook
the significance of the event while
we are enjoying ourselves.
On the fifth of May in 1862, troops
loyal to President Benito Juarez repelled
a French attack on the city of Puebla.
Mexico remained free, and the battle
marked the spirit of self-determination
that has characterized the Mexicano.
Cinco de Mayo is a national holiday
in Mexico and most Chicanos in this
country also consider it a day to celebrate . The victory preserved national
independence, liberty and pride-things
we all value.
But, as we here at CSUF are enjoying
the Semana de La Raza, our own "Chicano Vintage Days," it would be wise for
us to check the progress of the movement and ask ourselves if we are doing
all we can to help bring justice to all
Chicanos . It seems a complaceny has
swept over Chicanos on this campus .
La Causa means little to so many.
Too many Chicanos today are content
with the status quo, satisfied with
that little place the dominant majority
has issued . And, this complacency
has begun to hurt others .Too many young people don't know or
care about the sacrifice, blood and tears
shed by older brothers for the movement. Too many seem content to just
pass time hanging around the cafeteria
drinking cafe and acting cool. Needless
.JeMYSN::Dfetetm
, .. er
·, :, N-'.
, urvvl'1 ,
·•t5AWP·
,,
THE MEANING OF
LA VOZ De AZTLAN
La Voz de Aztlan means "The voice
of Aztlan. " Aztlan has been translated
by most historians to be the mythical
name of the Aztec (or Mexica or Chichimeca) people who held the area
around present-day Mexico City when
the Spaniards under Hernan Cortes
entered Mexico in 1519.
In their native Nahuatl I
Aztlan meant "the place of
and also "the place they h
before." Dr. Jose Canales oft
History Department said he ha
the origins of the Aztecs, a m
tribe as far north as present
Paul-Minneapolis, Minnesota.
To Chicanos, Aztlan is the n
the entire Southwest - our i
homeland.
@Semana de La ~
Theme: El Dia de la Cultura
friday - May 4
Wednesday - May 2
Clovis H.S. Dancers
11-12 noon
12-12:30 p.m .
Dr. Jose Limon
Department of Anthropology
University of Texas, Austin
12:45-2
Gong Show
2-3:30
Reception, CU 312
7-9
Movie, CU Lounge
Thursday - May 3
Theme: El Dia de la Familia
.8:30-9a.m.
9-9:30
9:30-10:15
Pan Dulce
Calwa School Dancers
11-11:30
Children's Puppet Show
Evening Programs
6-7:30
7:30-8
6:30-7:30
8-9:30
11:30-11:45
11:45-12noon
Danzantes de Aztlan
Mr. Leonel Alvarado
Member, Fresno City Council
Student Award Ceremony
Outstanding Chicano Student
Outstanding Chicana Student
12-12:30 p.m.
Hon. Jose Angel Gutierrez
Judge, Zavala County, Texas
Founder, La Raza Unida Party
12:30-2
Teatro del Espiritu
2-3:30
Children's Puppet Show
Chester Powell School
Dancers and Chorus
10:30-11
12-1 p.m.
10:30-11 :30a.m .
Theme: The Education of the
Reception, CU 312
Additional semana Activities: Art Display, Library and CU Showcases. Car
Show, Wedesday, May 1st, Maple St.,
10a.m. -3 p.m.
. Mariachi de la Tierra
Reception for Parents,
students and community.
Hors d'oeuvre and free
beverages, CU Lounge
Trio Mendoza
Mr. Jesus Negrete
Folklorist, University of
Illinois, Urbana
Teatro del Espiritu
Saturday - May 5
7-1 p.m.
Cinco de Mayo
Cultural program at Fresno C
Center featuring danzantes, er,
queen, cultural performances ,
featuring "Sabor y Ritmos".
91__
2,1979
Pagel
La Voz de Aztlan
VFW strike
•
ains momentum
By RICARDO PIMENTEL
la Voz Contributor
Fresno County Sheriff deputies and local
police.
As the strikebreakers, eyes downcast,
Replaceme~t workers brought in b
were
escorted by police from the buses
f resno and King County lett
Y
t,ave so far failed to dim thuece ~rkowt~rs to motel rooms, they were jeered and
. ·t f U .
pie e mg laughed at by-men, women and children
spiri O nited Farmworker strike'rs
in Spanish and English .
instead, the "strikebreakers" have a :
The UFW charged growers with reparently strengthened the resolve ~f cruiting illegal aliens as strikebreakers.
UFW members in their dispute with Chavez said last week that as many as
state _lettuce growers over wages and .· 300 illegal aliens from Mexico, Central
t,enef1ts.
America and the Phillipines have been
~rowers have offered pay hikes aver- employed by lettuce growers in Californaging sev~n percent, but the UFW said
ia and Arizona. He said, "The INS (Imthe offer is inadequate. Cesar Chavez
migration and Naturalization Service) is
UFW Preside.nt'. said recently, "Whe~ not being evenhanded . We give them lothe growers limit their profits to seven cations, dates and times where these
percent, then we, II limit our wages .,,
illegals are working and nothing is ever
Replacement workers, when within done. It's a farce." An INS spokesman
ear-shot of the picketers, have been ex- denied the charge and said it was a
horted to join the strike. The results "ploy" by Chavez.
Chavez is also apparently disenchanthave been mixed. In Salinas, 34 company replacement workers left the let- ed with Governor Brown, who in the past
tuce fields last week to join UFW has been the eager recipient of wide ·
members on the picket line. In Huron, farmworker support. While in Washing'scabs•, under consplicuous police pro- ton D.C. to drum up support for the lettection in the fields and area motels and tuce strike and Chiquita Banana boycott,
trailer parks, have thus far turned ears Chavez said that Brown is doing largely
nothing to prod growers toward a seton UFW pleas .
tlement.
Saturday, strikers met buses carrying
Another UFW spokesman said union
replacement workers at the Motel Mor- members are dissapointed in Brown's
ada and the adjacent Royal Lodge Motel lack ·of real support for striking farmin Coalinga, which is housing several workers. Sould the governor decide to
strikebreakers . The strikers' arrival run for president, he may well have to do
caused wide eyes and a frantic rush by so without farmworker support. Chavez
United Farm Workers president Cesar
two onguard policement to phone for said the union rank and file is split be- Chavez Thursday called for a nationwide
reinforcements . The strikers, however, tween Brown and Sen . Edward Ken- boycott on lettuce. Chavez made the call
were non-violent and were content to nedy.
, as a state labor agency accused 28 growtaunt motel residents . "We ' re starving
In a related eve2t, the California ers of refusing to bargain with the UFW
because of you," one UFW member · State Senate has appointed yet another over the three-month old produce strike.
shouted in Spanish .
committee to investigate the UFW
Chavez said a generic strike of all iceAbout 150 strikers ultimately converg- strike, raising the total to tltree ..
ed on the motels, carrying red banners
The Senate Rules Committee appoint- berg lettuce in the country was "the only
bearing the UFW eagle. They were fol- ed group, will be chaired by a farmer, way to get justice. " He issued the boylowed by their constant companions . Sen. Rose Ann Vuich, D-Dinuba. The cott call just before testifying at a U.S .
throughout the three-month strike, a life of the committee will be 60 days, Senate committee hearing in Salinas,Ca.
mixed contingent of Highway Patrol, after which time they will issue a report. on the strike .
'··.
:...
"'
-♦,~-
(
SAN DIEGO UPI - Lt. Gov. Mike
Curb says he might favor a limited open
door policy for Mexican citizens seeking
work in the United States, as long as
they did not displace American workers.
The former Hollywood record producer said the "illegal alien situation" had
come about because "we can't find people to take the jobs these people take,
and we can ' t find people to take the
iobs because we have a welfare system
that is competing with our private sector:
The 34-year-old lietenant governor
was attending a meeting of the Commission of the Californias in La Paz, Mexico,
but flew to San Diego for the speech
before the Honorary Deputy Sheriff's
Association Thursday night. He returned
to Mexico today.
Curb also said he has been asked to
i>articipate in a joint California-Mexico
task force that will stu~ related prob-
Growers refused to appear at the hearing, saying the hearing was only designed to provide a media forum for
Chavez to air his views .
The refusal-to-bargain complaint
against the 28 growers was leveled by
the Salinas local office of the state's
Agricultural Labor Relations Board.
The state board's accuasation said that
sine e the strike began(Jan . 19) to the
present, g: rowers have failed to bargain
SeePage6
Over the Wire------------')
lems of the regions and report the findings to Mexico President Jose Lopez
Portillo.
"The foreign minister of Mexico
has asked that we make a special report
on three major issues, the issue of energy, the issue of foreign investments and
the issue of aliens," Curb said.
Curb has indicated he wants to increase the responsibilities of the commission, which is comprised of elected
officials and appointees whose aim is to
create better cultural and business relations between American border states
and Baja California.
FRESNO UPI-A disturbance Sunday
afternoon during a low rider car show at
Kearney Park in West Fresno left several law enforcement officers with minor
injuries and 14 persons in custody.
Sheriff's deputies said the disturbance began when deputies attempted
to arrest two persons for public intoxication during the show and spectators be-
gan throwing rocks and bottles at the officers.
Deputies called for help and reinforcements from the Highway Patrol and
Fresno Police Department poured into
the park in an attempt to break up the
melee.
By 9 p.m. officers had withdrawn
from the park and the visitors had begun
clearing out of the area.
Deputies said five officers suffered injuries serious enough to be treated at a
hospital, but none of the injuries required the officers to be admitted .
Of the 14 persons arrested during the
disturbance, 12were booked on charges
of public intoxication . One was charged
with disturbing the peace and the other
with assault on a police officer.
juana, Mexico, Thursday, United States
officials reported .
Francisco Orozco Martinez, one of twe
prisoners sent back to Mexico Thursday, had been serving a term at the California Men's Colony in San Luis Obispo
for his conviction of burglary.
Jesus Diaz Alvarado, a prisoner being held at the federal Metropolitan Correctional Center in San Diego, was also
returned to Mexico where he will serve
the remainder of his term for possession
of heroin with intent to distribute. Five
other prisoners incarcerated in the United States for federal charges have been
returned to Mexico since the exchange
program began, while scores of Americans have been returned to the United
States.
The transfer of both Mexican men
SAN DIEGO UPI - The first California
prisoner ever to be returned to Mexico Thursday was arranged during a verifiunder the 1976 prisoner exchange treaty . cation hearing Wednesday before U.S.
was turned over to authorities in Ti- Magistrate Edward Harris in San Diego.
La
Page4
May2,1
Voz de Aztlan
La Raza Studies still strong
The complete failure of CSUF in these
three areas was obvious to the Chicano
community. Therefore, the late 1960 ' s
particularly 1969, ~itnessed an . ex~losive era--an era of intense examination
The decade of the 1960's represented
a period of intense questioning and re- of institutions like CSUF and the role
flection . Many members of the dominant that it played in the process of undersociety were taken aback by the de- standing the Chicano experience.
The 1969-70 school year was also one
mands of ethnic minorities for educationof
the most explosive in Fresno State's
al, economic, and social equality and .
history. During that year, 517 Chicanos,
for self-determination .
The dominant society often times re- representing only 4.6 percent of the total
sented and misunderstood these de- enrollment of CSUF were attending the
mands . Simultaneously,
minorities, university, while Chicanos represented
such as Chicanos, recognized they knew 28% of the population in Fresno County .
Since these hectic beginnings, much
very little about themselves and the rich
has happened to both La Raza Studies
history from which they had emerged.
Understandably, both groups turned and Chicanos on campus . Despite the
to educational institutions for assistance . problems we continue to have as a result
Unfortunately, CSUF, like so many other of administrative insensitivity, La Raza
institutions of higher learning, could not Studies has made many gains. Our proprovide the answers. CSUF had neither gram has greatly stabilized and we now
a Chicano faculty pool, nor a compre- offer an average of 30 classes per semeshensive curriculum regarding Chicano- ter. A basic core of courses revolve
oriented topics, nor a sizable Chicano around history, culture, social and community studies and the arts.
student population.
The current faculty consists of Dr.
LA RAZA STUDIES:
STRONGER NOW
THAN EVER BEFORE
Jesus Luna, Dr. Theresa Perez, Dr. Aiex
Saragoza, Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano, and
Professor Ernesto Martinez. Our program is also very fortunate to have excellent · individuals who teach parttime . They enable La Raza Studies to
offer specialized classes in Business,
Law, Health, Drug Abuse, and Education.
La Raza Studies still offers a minor
and is also part of the Bilingual/Bicultural Specialist Credential Program on
campus . Best of all is the fact that
La Raza Studies has had a continuing increase in the number of students who
take our courses, while many other
departments on campus have been experiencing a decrease in student enrollment.
This continuing increase has provided
our program with greater strength and
stability. As Dr. Peter Klassen, dean of
the School of Social Sciences, stated in
a letter to The Fresno Bee:
"Contrary to some statements made,
La Raza Studies Program is neither sick
nor dying; rather it is healthy and grow-
ing. In fact, it is stronger now th an
before While other departments
many parts of the university have s
ed severe enrollment losses, La
Studies has actually grown . Its fa
members deserve a great deal of a
for this . The faculty of La Raza St
has established itself as one of th e
productive, and imagi~ative on cam
The university, and indeed the e
community , may be justlyn proud of
La Raza Studies Program.
We are committed to further str
thening our program, both qualitativer,
and quantitatively, becaus~ we real
that without La Raza Studies, the U
versity would remain virtually devoid
any knowledge related to Chicanos .
If you have any questions about
classes or our program in general,
invite your to call us at 487-2848 ore
by our office located in San Ramon i
Room 118.
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
Coordinator La Raza.Studies
Comp Iete Fall '79 course offerings
La R 125T CHICANOS AND THE LEGAL
SYSTEM
Examines the experience of the Chicano
and the legal process through the discussion of some very important cases. Cases
such as Bakke, minority access to media,
and the Equal Rights Amendment will be
discussed.
1810-2100W NS 147
La R 125T BUSINESS AND THE MINOR- .
ITY COMMUNITY
Business and economic development in
minority communities and their relationship to the wider economic and social
systems. Will include a symposium of
Chicano business professionals from the
community.
1810-2100 TH LS 181
La R 125T DRUG ABUSE
Current trends in education, prevention
and treatment of alcohol and drug abuse.
Lecture and field study.
1810-2100T LS 181
La R 125T MENTAL HEALTH
Discussion of mental health facilities and
services as they relate to both Chicano
clients and professional staff. Values and
characteristics of Chicano patients. Regional, State and National policies.
1810-2100 M SS 204
La R 125T RACISM AND SEXISM IN EDUCATION
La R 125T ORAL HISTORY
To train students on the use, collection and
importance of oral histories to ethnic heritage and awareness. Students will learn
to develop a history of Chicanos in Fresno
by interviewing parents, grandparents
and other community members and by
collecting old pictures, newspapers, and,
music related to the Chicano experience.
1545-1700 TTH SS 204
Introduction to contemporary art forms of
the Southwest and Mexico with emphasis
on music and dance.
1210-1300 MWF SA 169
Indian folklore of Mexico and South
and Its fusion with Chicano and His
folklore.
1310-1400 MWF SA 169
La R 009 CHICANO DIRECTED WRITING
La R 121A MUSIC AND DANCE OF U
RAZA
Emphasis on sentence structure, punctuation, research and development of writing abilities.
1310-1400 MWF SS 204
1110-1225 TTH LS 181
La Ra 125T CONTEMPORARY DANCE
La R 105 CULTURAL CHANGE OF CHICANO
Introduction to contemporary Mexican and
Latin dances such as corrldos, cumblas,
and mambos, chachas, merenques, and
1410-1525 TTH LS 181
Analysis of the continuities and the changes in the culture of the Chicano under
the impact of urbanization, immigration,
and acculturatlon.
1210-1300 MWF SS 204
La R 125T DANCE FOR THE CLASSROOM TEACHER
La R 109 CHICANOS AND THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
The application of Mexican Folkloric dance
to classroom instruction: primarily for elementary school teachers. Will include history on origins of dances as well as performance.
1810-2100 M GW 130
Principal elements of the educational system and their effect on Chicano students.
1410-1525 TTH SS 204
salsa.
La R 003 SOCIALIZATION
CHICANO
OF
THE
Social, political, and psychological aspects
of being a minority as reflected in the diversity of the Chicano and his self-concepts.
1110-1200 MWF SS 204
0945-1100TTH SS 204
Development and performance of Mexlcll
folk music and dance; lndlan, N8QII
Spanish, and European Influences;
temporary relationships to Chicano ~
ture.
1410-1500 MWF SA 169
La R 124 CHICANO CHILD
La R 110 BILINGUAL
EDUCATION
General psychological principles and tht
ones ot growth ana aevelopment and thf
applicability to the Chicano child.
1110-1225 TTH SS 204
La R 127 CHICANO ADOLESCENT
The adjustment of Chicano adolescents •
American society and its Impact on -'
peer group relations, and famliy llfe; wilt
emphasis on sources of conflict and ,,.
slon.
1810-2100 TH SS 204
BICULTURAL
La R 130 CHICANO THEATRE
Investigation into what It means to be bllingual and bicultural. A study of the programs that can be Implemented to bring
about a more meaningful education for
the Chicano child.
1800-2100 T SS 204
Production of Chicano theatre for maj~
performances.
1510-1700 MWF GW 130
4 Hour Arrangement ·
La R 145 FIELDWORK COMMUNITY
La R 118CHICANO FAMILY
Topics will cover the opening of educational opportunities to women and ethnic minorities, the relationships between schooling and subsequent careers, sex and ethnicity as factors in classroom Interaction,
coeducation versus single sex institutions,
and current efforts against social and sexual discrimination.
1400-1500 MWF SS 204
La R 005 CHICANO CULTURE
Values, attitudes and llfe concepts of
La Raza; their origins.
0910-1000 MWF SS 204
1245-1400 TTH SS 204
Traditional and changing relationships in
the family structure of the Chicano; Interaction with wider institutional social system.
1010-1100 MWF SS 204
La Raza 145 provides observation, orientation, and participation In the Chlcart
community. This course offers severJ
options from which a student can ch~
1. Blllngual Cross-Cultural Speclll•
Credential candidates
5'.-ePagel
La R 007 CHICANO ART FORM
La R 120 FOLKLORE OF MEXICO AND
SOUTHWEST .
May2,1979
Page5
La Voz de Aztlan
Chicano groups
on campus
Because of the variety of educational
fields that Chicanos are striving for, Chicanos here on campus have formed separate organizations to focus particular attention on each different area, such as in
health, law, business, mass media; education and Chicana women.
CHICANOS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Chicanos In Higher Education (C.H.E.)
was Initially formed In 1974 and offlcally
recognized by the CSUF Administration
as a student organization In 1975. The initial move In forming this organization
resulted from the negative experiences of
Chicano students attempting to gain teaching credentials from this university. Some
of the objectives of C.H.E. will be to inform
others of general poHcies as conducted by
the School of Education, promote recruitment of faculty members in the School
of Education, and other related Interests
concerning the field of education.
CHICANOS IN LAW
La Raza·Cou rses
FromPage4
La Raza 145 Is a requirement for Individuals obtaining the BIiinguai Cross-Cultural Specialist Credential. This course assists the candidates to link formal course
work with practice and prepares them to
make contributions In the areas of administrative processes, program policy, coordination of services, program demonstrations or research.
2. The Crlmlnal Justice System and Chi•
--
For Individuals Interested In working in
different areas of the criminal justice system; both juvenile and adult. Will include
trips to prison and juvenile halls.
3. Placement In Community Agenclea
orProJectl
For students interested In working directly with a particular community agency or
project, such as:
.
-chlcano Youth Center (as tutors and
counselors)
-chlcano Media Projects (as Journalists
and radio-TV programmers)
-Employment Development Program (as
counselors and Job developers)
-Working Opportunities for Women Pro-
Ject
(as counselors and Intake workers)
-sent1mlentoa Magazine and La Voz de
Aztlan campus and community newspaper
editions (as writers and photographers)
... and many other agencies and projects
where students can obtain and develop
valuable work experience.
1500-1600 MWF SS 204
La R 190 INDEPENDENT STUDY
Available to students who wish to deal
with a special Interest not covered in a regular course or with the exploration in greater depth of a subject presented In a regular
course. Students will work u·nder the supervision of an instructor.
Hours by arrangement
Chicanos in Law began In 1976, primarily for students Interested In going to law
school. This Interest has since expanded to
Include any law related 'ffeld of study. Chicanos In Law Is essentially an information
bank, providing trips to Law Schools,
corrective institutions, aRd to courts to
observe the legal process. It also sponsors recruiters from law schools and puts
on a LSAT Prep test. Chicanos in Law have
weekly meetings featuring guest speakers
ranging from trial attorneys to Probation
Officers, and Judges.
SATURDAY COURSES
The following courses are Intended to
provide an overall perspective on Chicanos
today. Each of the courses will be held on
two consecutive Saturdays. Students may
register for only one, for all, or for any
combination of the following courses:
NATIONAL CHICANO
HEALTH ORGANIZATION
The specific and primary purpose of
NCHO is to Increase the number of Chicano and Chicana students in the area
of medicine and Its associated fields, so
that the Chicano community can have more
La R 125T CHICANO HERITAGE
health professionals which are sensitive
Historical background of the Chicano in to their needs. NCHO activities Include
the context of American history, from· the field trips to health clinics in the community, as well as to various medical schools
pre-hispanic era to the present.
that exist in california so the students can
September 15,22
orientate themselves to the various health1910-1700 ss 204
related programs offered by other universities. Students who are Interested In medical, dental, nursing, psychology, or any
La R 125T CHICANO CULTURE
other areas of health are encouraged to
Values, attitudes, and llfe concepts of La . join NCHO.
Raza; their origins.
LAVOZ
September 29, October 6
0910-1700 ss 204
Created In 1969, La Voz de Aztlan is
one of the Fresno area's oldest Chicano
newspapers. It Is a special edition of the
La R 125T EDUCATION AND CHICANOS California State Unl~ersity, Fresno student funded newspaper, The Dally CollagInvestigation Into what It means to be bi- lan. The Chicano paper began in response
lingual and blcultural. A study of the pro- to student concerns that the traditional
grams that can be implemented to bring American mass media were doing little or
about a more meaningful education for the notnlng to portray' the minority commumChicano child.
ities.
The paper's birth was a source of contro0910-1700 ss 204
~
very for the Journalism Department, which
October 13, 20
until that time, published The Collegian.
The department severed its ties with The ·
- colleglan because of tne new minority
La R 125T CHICANO FAMILY
editions and created Its own paper, In•
Traditional and changing relationships In
sight.
La Voz -publishes either bi-weekly or
the family structure of the Chicano; Intermor.ihly, depending on The Collaglan'a
action with wider Institutional social
financial status and the Student Senate's
system.
political and racist attitudes, which vary
0910-1700 ss 204
October 27, November 3
from year to year.
SENTIMIENTOS DEL VALLE
This Chicano magazine is the first in
the San Joaquin Valley. Born from the
CSUF Chicano Youth Conference brochure, Sentlmlentoa strives to capture la
vida Chicana en el valle and to strengthen
our community's communication and
media vitality. Much of the disunity that
slows progress for the Chicano community stems from lack of communication and
lack of media to express ourselves. We
ask strong student support in promoting
this community publication. The stronger
it becomes, the more useful and available
It will be to you. w ·e seek writers, artists,
photographers and especially distributors.
LAS ADELIT AS
Las Adelitas Is a student organization of
Chicana women who are involved in educational, politlcal, and community activities.
This includes sponsoring tutorial programs, counseling Chicanas In local high
schools, h~lping in local political campaigns, and sponsoring cultural and educational programs. If you w1sh to get Involved, meet new people and have some
fun, then this Is the group for you.
CHICANO BUSINESS
STUDENTS ASSOCIATION
The objective of the C.B.S.A. is to encourage and assist students to undertake
undergraduate and graduate studies In
Business, Economics, Management, and
other related fields. The C.B.S.A. also
acts as a link between businessmen and
students, It provides services for the community sucn as active part1c1pat1on 1n tne
VITA (Volunteer Income Tax Assistance)
Program.
·
C.B.S.A. is open to all business students
and related fields.
LOS TRABAJADORES DE LA RAZA
Los Trabajadores de la Raza feel that
there is a need for Chicano social workers.
Currently, many social services are Inadequate for Chicanos and other minorities. This is due to the fact there there is
lack of impact and representation for Chicanos and other minorities. Our membership is striving to alleviate this situation
and get involved in promoting some
change in this area.
-Reprinted from Sentlmlentoa del Valla,
January 1979.
La Vos de Az1lan is published by the
Aaaodated Students at California State
University, Fresno and the newspaper
staff. Unsigned editorials are the opinions of the La Vos staff, and not necessarily the views of the Associated Students, CSUF or the State of California.
Editor ... Richard Aguirre ·
Photography ...George Aguirre,Ricardo
Pimentel,Lupe Mora
Art, .. Albino Franco, Arturo Ocampo
Reporters, .. Dora Lara,Margarita Martinez, Octavio Yescas.
Contributors ... Felix Contreras, Elvia
Ruiz, Dianne Solis, Ricardo Pimentel,
Pedro Ramirez.
May2,197'
La Voz de Aztlan
Page6
- ---UFW NOTICIAS
From Pagel
in good faith on the issues of employee
wages or benefits .
Growers have charged that the ARLB
is biased for Chavez ' s union and have
sought legislative help designed to
weaken the state ARLB labor act.
. Grower spokesma~ also
charged the UFW with engaging in
violence and intimidation in the strike .
At the U.S. Senate hearing last week,
Chavez said that despite 40 years of
effort, farm workers had still not made
significant progress in improving labor
relations . He also accused local institutions , especially law enforcement agencies, of being pro-grower in the recently
struck areas of the state.
The nationwide lettuce boycott,
if successful, would be the second major
lettuce boycott conducted by the UFW.
The UFW's last boycott of lettuce ran
from 1970 to Jan. 1978.
The union earlier staged grape boycotts in 1965-70 and 1973-78. In the
current dispute, Chavez previously
called for a boycott against United
Brands' "Chiquita" bananas .
OROSI UPI Two non-striking
lettuce workers suffered minor injuries
Monday in a rock-throwing incident involving united Farm Workers Union strikers and supporters . Tulare County sheriff's deputies said lettuce strike supporters pelted a bus loaded with non-striking workers as it was transporting them
to the lettuce fields, breaking several of
the bus windows .
Lucina Hernandez, 24, and Efreen
Hernandez, 26, ·suffered minor cuts
caused by flying glass . Both were treated at the scene and then went to work in
the lettuce fields with the others on the
bus . ·
Sheriff ' s deputies said the strike
supporters fled the scene in a group and
no arrests were made.
SALINAS UPI - The lawver for United
Farm Workers leader Cesar Chavez
appealed to a U.S. senator to prevail on
the Justice Department to investigate
the strike-related death of a farm worker
on a lettuce field picket line last February.
Jerry Cohen appeared with Chavez
before Sen . Harrison Williams, D-N.J .,
sitting as a Congressional committee of
one to review the "turbulence of the last
few months" in the three-month-old
UFW strike against lettuce growers.
Cohen, referring to the death of Rufino Contreras, 27, as he picketed for the
UFW in Imperial County last Feb. 10,
said "authorities know who did the
shooting but not which gun the bullet
left." Relatives of the slain man described to Williams how Contreras was shot
and Cohen added :
"The dead man was shot at by three
people. We were told to wait for the process of the law to work. We weren't
asking for a verdict. We just wanted a
trial ." The lawyer said charges were
filed against three men but were dismissed earlier this week. He said he
doubted the charges would be refiled
and that a civil rights violation investigation _was warranted by authorities.
Chavez told Wffiams that sheriff
departments throughout the state are
"private armies for the growers" and
that the dropping of charges against the
original suspects in the Contreras murder "encourages other murders ."
FRESNO UPI - The U .S. Border Patrol
has increased its patrols in west Fresno
County in an effort to apprehen'd undocumented workers harvesting lettuce during the current strike.
Charles Hunter, agent in charge of
the Border Patrol office in Fresno, said
the current drive had led to the arrest
of 250 undocumented workers in three
days .
U .S. Border Patrol Chief Donald 8 .
Day announced Thursday that 25 more
agents would be added to the patrol action which covers Fresno County.
The increased efforts come on the
heels of complaints by United Farm
Workers Union President Cesar Chavez,
1who
charged that the immigration
service was prolonging the strike by refusing to crack down on the illegal
aliens hired as strikebreakers.
Chicanos
atCSUF
NAME
DEPARTMENT
PHONE (487-)
Social Work
Dr. Andrew Alvarado
2910
Social Work
Luis Contreras
1038
Social Work
Ben Cuellar
1030
Social Work
Dr. Francisco lvarra
2968
Dr. Margar-ita Lopez-Urrutia Foreign Language
1242
History
Dr. JOse C. Canales
1051
Manuel Garcia
Industrial Arts
2870
Dr. Jesus Luna
La Raza Studies
1156
Ernest Martinez
La Raza Studies
1191
Teresa Perez
La Raza Studies
1191
Alex Saragoza
La Raza Studies
1041
Dr. Lea Ybarra-Soriano
La Raza Studies
2848
Dr. Cecilio Orozco
Bilingual Education
2765
Robert Padilla
Football Coach
1015
Ernesto Palomino
Art
2192
Stella Moya
Admissions
2192
Manuel Olgin
Advising Services
1052
Madeline Soltello
campus Housing
2345
Frances DelRlo
campus Housing
2345
Isabel Mejorado
Financial Aids
2182
Nancy Luna
Financial Aids
2182
Manuel Perez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Robert Hernandez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
tony Garduque
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Manuel Nunez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Laura Gomez
Educational Opportunity Program 1021
Ed Varela
Staff Personnel
2032
Andrew Rodarte
Mini-Corp Program
2067
Dr. Esteban Soriano
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Araceli Ramirez
Recruiting Students Via
2048
Parents Program (RSVP)
Manuel Nunez
Priscilla Contreras
Maria Correa
Silveria Segovia
Tc,nvGarduque
Luis Ambriz
Raymundo Penieo
Diane Salas
Manuel Olgin
Denny Leon
@
ORGANIZATIONS
Chicano Facui./, Staff, & Student
Organization
M.E.C.H.A.
National Chicano Health
Organization
Chicanos In Business
·Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Law
Chicanos in Higher Education
Adelitas
Chicano Alumni Asaociation
Trabajadores De La Raza
Chihuahua Road Run
to aid La Raza
1021
2848
2848
2842
1021
9971
2848
2848
1052
1191
fi
Of all things in the Mexican-American
community that need to be promoted
health has to be at the top of the list'.
With that in mind, a special athletic
event will be held on Sunday june 10
through the streets of west Fresno- the
first Chihuahua Road Run . There will be
races at two and six miles for men and
women of all ages.
Sponsored by the Chihuahua Tortilla
Inc., the run has been planned as a
special community-wide event
but
s~ial emphasis has been plac'ed on
trying to get more Mexicanos on the road
to better health.
There will be more than 20 categories
of competition with races for open, submasters, masters, wheelchair athletes
seniors, youth, and even politicians and
media personalities. Top finishers in
each category will receive a special
Chihuahua Run T-shirt, and efforts are
underway to get west Fresno merchants
to donate prizes _for a raffle. Ribbons
and free refreshments· will also be
provided at the race .
The race is the biggest athletic event ever attempted by Chihuahua.
The firm is owned by the Villegas family.
The firm, active in many
community events, annually sponsor a
handball tournament during Cinco de
Mayo.
The road race will begin in front of the
Chihuahua plant at 718 "F" Street in
Chinatown and will cover a mostly
asphalt surface.
All proceeds from the race will go
towards a charity fund for two Chihuahua employees who recently died.
In the future, organizers said, the race
could become a money-making source
for many Chigino groups .
The entry fee for the race is $2 .00,
and you can register by writing to·
Victor Salazar, 4387 N. Thorne Ave.;
Fresno, Ca. 93704. For more informa-
tion call 229-5862.
May2,1979
. Page7
La Voz de Aztlan
,
.,____ _ _ _N oticias de la Raza-------,
EUSEVIO ARIAS
CHICANO APPOINTMENT
A Chicano was recently selected as the
new assistant chief of police for San
Bernardino.
Benjamin Conzales, 50, a 20-year
police veteran and a native of San Bernardino, has served as a captain on the
police force since 1972.
JOSEPHINE MENA
The state Senate Rules Committee
recommended recently that the Senate
confirm Gov . Brown's appointment of
Josephine Mena of Fresno to the state
Commission on the Status of Women.
Mena is a former customer relations
staff specialist with Pacific Telephone,
but is now serving as assistant district
representative in Fresno for Rep. Tony
Coelho.
She has lived in Fresno for 19 years
and has attended College of the Sequoias, Fresno City College and ~resno
State University, where she received_ a
masters degree in social work. Commission members receive no salary.
YOSEMITE
Job openings are available immediately at Yosemite National Park. Applicants
must be at least 18 years of age.
Applications may be made in person at
the Youth Employment Office, 2021 San
Joaquin St. from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Living accomodations and various
meal plans are available to those hired.
They will also have access to recreational
facilities at the park.
Ethnic Studies
Recruitment Day
The Ethnic Studies Department has
announced the scheduling of their
Minority Recruitment Day and of their
Graduation Dinner for 1979.
Minority Recruitment Day will be
Thursday, May 3. According to Ethnic
Studies' Program Coordinator Dr.
Robert S. Mikell, the "primary purpose
is to give these (minority) students an
opportunity to get a closer look at the
campus in the hope they will enroll."
The recrui_tment day is aimed at
minority students will be graduating
from high school this June. Dr. Mikell
estimates that 200 students will attend.
Activities will begin at 9 a.m. with
orientation in OS 121. There will be
classroom and campus visits between 10
and 11 a general session between noon
and 12'.30, and lunch in the cafeteria of
the New Residence Hall's East Wing.
The Ethinc Studies Department faculty and staff also announced that
they will hold a dinner on Friday, May
11 to honor their graduates. Councilman
Joe Williams will address the dinner,
which will begin at 7 p.m. at the Fresno
Towne House.
Parents, spouses and friends of the
graduates are all invited to attend the
dinner and tickets may be purchased
before' May 4 at the department office
(SRS-241) between 8 am and noon .
Tickets are $7 per person.
A Chicano whose ultimate and modest goal is to 'win the Pulitzer_ Prize,_ took
his qualifications to the public _~pnl 2~.
Eusevio Arias of Fresno, exh1b1ted his
photographs recently at the S~ra McCardle Room in the Downtown Library.
Arias, a photographer at the Clo~is
Independent and Tribune, has been interested in photography since 1970.
Arias said he had to find some avenue
for his creativity because he comes from
a family of artists . He said, "I am the
only one who can't draw out of a family
of seven ." Hence the photography.
His photos depict a wealth of subjects,
from neglected tombstones in Mariposa
County, Ca. to children playing alongside Fresno railroad tracks or asleep
against a comforting parent . The often
spontaneous mood of his photos is an
indication ot Arias ' relationship with his
camera . More than just a tool of his
trade, it's a bodily appendage. He said,
"I feel wierd without it."
He prefers working with black and
white film rather than color, because
it forces him to be more creative. The
several tones available with color film
makes it easier to shoot good photos
he said, but a photographer must w~rk
Poor people have been systematically
But Bobo says planners "need to look harder to shoot good black and white
zoned out of suburban areas and should at the problem in terms of the real photos.
Arias would not trade his chosen car-1 be given government help to get out_ effects on poor people and make alloweer for anything . "Every week is differof the inner city, says a researcher at ances for those effects. "
the University of California, Riverside.
He has offered a range of solutions ent," he said, "there's always someBenjamin Bobo, assistant professor of from the inclusion of low- and moderate- · thing new (to photograph) ."
administration and Black studies, charg- income housing units in all new developes in a recently completed paper that ments to government subsidies to poor
zoning laws requiring large lots in subur- people to pay for that portion of housing
SUIT SETTLED
ban areas keep housing costs out of costs directly related to zoning regulareach of poor people.
tions. Bobo suggests the Federal DeA five-vear-old lawsuit chanzimz that
"Wealthy people want to live at low partment of Housing and Urban Dev- the Los Angeles School District illegally
density," Bobo says, "and that pr?<1uces elopment (HUD) establish an education- discriminated in the hiring, promotion
a problem for low and moderate income al program showing poor people h_ow and assignment of Hispanic teachers
people because lots tend to mean they can "buy up" in stages, purchasing was recently settled.
larger, more expensive houses."
a better home in a better area every few
The settlement of the suit, brought by
Since the zoning regulations place years .
the Association of Mexican American
"artificial constraints in the market proEach step would be financially sub- Educators in 1974, provided that the suit
cess" and keep housing costs in subur- sidized by the federal government, Bobo would be dismissed if by 1982 the district
ban areas high, Bobo says "zoning is a · says, although he does not rule out in- had hired 80 percent or more of the qualform of discimination ... by restricting volvement of the private sector. HUD ified Hispanic applicants , who apply
the participation of poor people in subur- could accomplish the task with a "reallo- for teaching positions .
·
ban living." Bobo bases his conclusions . cation of current and perhaps a small
School district officials have maintainon a study of areas in Los Angeles Coun- · staff increase "he says.
ed that they have not hired more Histy ranging from Watts to Beverly ~i!ls.
In additio~ to helping the poor im- panics because few were available.
He found that zoning laws requiring prove their living conditions, Bobo The district also contended that over the
minimum lot size and special standards says, the program would also free land in last decade about eight percent of all
of construction were significant factors the inner cities for urban redevelopment hired persons have been Hispanic, while
in the high cost of existing housing and . without the displacement of people that the available pool of Hispanic applicants
made development of new low- and has been a problem in the past.
statewide has been about five percent.
moderate- income housing in those areas
Bobo says he will address the issue
The district maintains its innocence
nearly impossible.
· more completely in a book due to be fin- of all wrdngdoing . Officials said they
" I'm not opposed to zoning," Bobo ished by June that looks at a variety of agreed to the settlement only to avoid
says, noting that pockets of high cost land use issues as they effect t_he i><>?r. further expense from Iitigation.
housing -unavailable to the poor would It is tentatively entitled "Pubhc Pohcy
The plaintiffs said they agreed to the
develop even without it. And, he says, Problems in Land Use Regulati_o ns."
settlP.fllent because they believed they
some controls are necessary to assure
could not obtain relief beyond that prothat industrial or commercial develop- Reprinted Courtesy of El Chicano, San vided by the settlement.
ment is not allowed to encroach on resi- Bernardino.
dential areas.
Poor people zoned
out of suburban housing
STATE WORKERS
RESEARCH SUIT
The University of California said last
week that a suit filed against it by the
California Rural Legal Assistance would
require it to drop any research that has
practical application.
The CRLA has filed suit in Alameda
County charging the University's agricultural research program aids big grow-
Minorities comprise 24 percent of the
ers and is unfair to farmworkers. The
suit contends the University helps work force employed by_ the state of
develop agricultural machinery that ben- California, according to the 1978 annual
report of the state Personnel Board .
efits agribusiness.
However, the Spanish surnamed
In a response filed with the court,
UC said that the suit, if successful, make up only 7.8 percent of the state
would forbid the university to do "all · work force, 5.9 percent below their 13.7
research with any potential practical · percent representation in California's
work force, the report said .
application ."
La Voz de Aztlan
Page8
Cinco de Mayothe history
our valiant six thousand · soldiers, I am
the master of Mexico."
However, Laurencez' assessment
would not prove correct. In Puebla he
met 4,000 poorly-equipped but well
Cinco de Mayo is probably Mexico's
commANDED TROOPS . Laurencez, still
greatest national holiday . It was on this
confident, ordered a bold charge through
day(May 5) in 1862 that Mexican forces
Zaragoza' s best fortified positions .
under President Benito Juarez defeated
The army repulsed that attack, launcha French army and established the preed a counter-attack and drove the French
cedent of self-determination for the
back to the east coast. The battle markcountry.
From 1858 to 1861 , Mexico's popula- ed the first time French troops Flad
tion was split between a liberal govern- tasted defeat in nearly 50 years. The
ment led by President Juarez and a more finest troops in the world had been beatconservative faction . As the threee-year en by the ragged, penniless Mexicans.
"War of Reform" pitted brother-againstThe victory had deep national and inbrother for control of the government the · ternational significance. Because of the
victory, Mexican patriotism soared
country lay in ruin .
When the war was finally over and and the entire country tingled with
President Juarez(a liberal reformer) had excitement. All Mexicans fought for a
gained power, he suspended the foreign
united cause . And, the foreign intervendebt because the country was penniless . tion was postponed a year giving the
France used this action as an excuse to Mexicans time to prepare better dejustify sending in a well-armed exped- fenses .
ition to Mexico to force payment of past
Worldwide, Mexico gained higher
debt$ .
prestige, while French fortunes plummeThe French troops landed in Veracruz ted. The myth of the invincible French
·
in December, 1861 and cautiously army had been shattered.
moved toward the capital, ever deterThe victory also forstalled an alliance
mined to institute a monarchy in Mexico .
between France and the Confederate
On May 5, 1862, the French forces
States during the U.S . Civil War. Parattacked the pro-Juarez army command- ticipation of the French at this time could
ed by General Ignacio Zaragoza.
have changed the outcome of that
The commander of Napoleon's army conflict.
aws General Charles F. Latrille Count
According to Dr. Jose Canales of the
of Laurencez, a proud and pompous CSUF history department, on that
man who thought very little of the battlefield in Puebla, the integrity of
ragged Mexican troops .
Mexico andAmerica was upheld:
After su~ying the situation he wrote
"Mexican-Americans then have a
his government: "We have over the double incentive to cry proudly, 'Viva
Mexicans such a superiority of race, el Cinco de Mayo. ' And, other Ameriorganization, discipline, morality, and cans, regardless of national origin, have
high ideals that even now. at the head of reason to join them ."
By RICHARD AGUIRRE
Editor of La Voz
Semana de La Raza
Mechagrowth,
goals
Mecha became widely recognized in
1969 with the Plan de Santa Barbara.
This Plan was to serve as a guide for
Mecha and for the concrete involvement
of Chicano students in the developing
political and cultural movimiento of the
1960's. During the years which followed, activism in Chicano communities
throughout the Southwest grew in
strength and effectiveness with the
support of Mecha, and numerous other
groups for quality education and alternative schools. As the Plan de Santa Barbara stated :
"Mecha, then, is more than a name; it is
spirit of unity, of brotherhood, a resolve
undertake a struggle for liberation in a
society where justice is but a word . Mecha is a means to an end ."
" ... THE STUDENT MOVEMENT IS
MORE THAN A POLITICAL MOVEMENT. It is cultural and social as well.
The spirit of Mecha must be one of 'Her, Hernandad' and cultural awareness."
The purpose and function of Mecha is
to: 1)encourage, recruit, protect and
support the education of all Chicanos in
all schools, 2)develop programs for the
·glory of our cultural, educational, and
ethnic background; 3)work in conjunction with all our people in determining
our own destiny.
This is accomplished by becoming involved in the political and social process
necessary to meet the goals set by the organization.
1976 Semana Booklet.
May2,1979