La Voz de Aztlan, April 28 1977
Item
Title
La Voz de Aztlan, April 28 1977
Creator
Associated Students of Fresno State
Relation
La Voz de Aztlan (Daily Collegian, California State University, Fresno)
Coverage
Fresno, California
Date
4/28/1977
Format
PDF
Identifier
SCUA_lvda_00084
extracted text
Baile at
Rainbow kicks
off Semana
The Semana de la Raza
Committee will kick off its annual Cinco de Mayo activities
this Sunday, May 1, 1977 with a
dance to be held at the Rainbow
Ballroom featuring Beto Garcia
y sus G.G.'s and Sabor Del
Ritmo.
According to Sandra Ramirez,
chairperson for the Semana
Committee, "Efforts on putting
together Semana began in
September with only a handful of
students working on this." We
<the committee) selected the
theme of "Chicano Struggles"
for this year's activitiJS because
of a general overview of what
DI-
Chicanos face in today's
society."
Some of the topics includes
"Historical Talk on Cinco de
Mayo" which will be presented
by Dr. Jesus Luna, who is an
instructor at La - Raza Studies
•Office. Jesus Leyva is the
coordinator of Chicano Studies at
the University of California, at
Davis.
Haydee Chavez, works with the
Oakland Police Department in
the Community Relations
Department. She will be talking
on her life experience as a Latina
woman trying to make it in this
world.
<Continued on p.
Apply by M~y 6 ·
· First Chican,o
graduation set
-for May _20
f.A vaz
4>
THURSD~Y, APRIL ZS. 19'11
A special edition of THE OOLLEGIAN, California State University, Fresno
R~vised -CSUF policy cuts
LRS general' educa-tion
With the recent revision of the
university's general education
policies, some students may
become confused about which La
Raza Studies courses are still
good for GE credit, says
program director Alex Saragoza .
"Students contemplating
taking La Raza courses for
general education should keep in
La Vaz art
mind what catalope they came
in on," he said.
"If you get your hands on the
instructor
wrong catalogue, beware."
Martinez.
Only freshmen will be affected
by the new ruling which limits
each department and program to
placing only four courses for GE
credit.
In the past, La Raza Studies
has had six to 10 courses.
However, any students who
entered prior to next fall ( 1977)
may still get credit for courses
listed as requirements in the
catalogue issued the year they
entered -CSUF.
"For example, if a currently
enrolled student wanted to take
my 124 class for credit, and it was
listed in his catalog as a GE
course, that student would stil1
receive credit although 124 is no
longer listed for credit beginning
with the 1977catalogue, "said
Saragoza.
The four courses which qualify
for general education credit are:
-LR 3, Socialization of the
Chicano, instructed by Lea
Ybarra-Soriano;
-LR 5, Chicano Culture, instructed by Dr. Jesus Luna;
-LR 7, Chicano Art Forms,
For the first time a t CSUF, a honorees and their families while
bilingual
comm encement Mariachi de la Tierra provides
ceremony will be held to honor music. Each honoree may bring
graduating Chicano students and three persons from his / her
family but additional persons
their families.
The Chicano Commencement will be expected to pay $1.50.
At 7:30 p .m ., commencement
The deadline date for entrees
Committee recently announced
to be in for the Art Contest
the ceremony will occur May 20 and awards ceremonies will
depicting the Chicano struggle
occur. Following at 9:00 p.m . will
at the Fresno Fairgrounds.
today, has been extended until
The deadline to apply is be a dance featuring Los RainMay 2, at 12 noon .
Friday, May 6.
bows.
La Voz de Aztlan is sponsoring
Admission to the dance is open
It will include a cena (dinner)
the contest in accordance with
' to the public with a minimal
and a dance.
Semana de La Raza. First prize
Tony Garduque , of the , donation requested. Graduates
Educational Op portuni ty will be admitted free . Garduque is $25.00, second prize, $15.00, and
third prize $10.00.
Program (EOP ) and a com~ said the dance will serve as a
The winning drawing will
fundraiser for next year's
mittee co-ordinator, said any
pap£ar as La Voz's front page in
Chicano graduating this spring, ceremony.
Other fundrai_sers Garduque our May issue. Other entrees will
_ this summer , or who had
said are planned include a radio also be published inside La Voz.
graduated from CSUF in F all
dedication show in which people
Drawings must be on 14" X 10"
1976, may participate in the
calling into Spanish-radio or 24" X 34" size white paper and
ceremonies.
stations will have a song played · done in India or dark black ink.
He and his fellow ~o-orclina tors,
Manuel Olgin of Tutorial Ser(Continued on p. 4 )
vices and Ernesto Martinez of La
Raza Studies, conducted a
survey last semester which indicated a positive a ttitude
toward the ceremony.
"Some people took offense to
the idea," said Garduque. " They
felt we were being separatist, but
we're not. The other ceremony
(CSUF's May 18) is too cold cut
A tardeada this Satur:_day and a
Maple and Butler avenues from
and dry. Also, we will emphasize
marathon voter registration
12-6:00 p.m.
honoring the families. "
rally nex · CT •
will highlight
It will include entertainment,
He said the ceremony is not
a
campaign
by
the
San
Joaquin
food,
and various booths.
only to honor the graduates but
Voter Registration Project of
Monday's "Voter Registration
also to generate a role-model for
Fresno.
Marathon" will be held at the
youth.
Intended to register to vote
Fulton Mall (Fulton at .Tulare
In the past, attempts have been
Spanish-surnamed people, the
Street) from 7;30 a.m. until 12
made to initiate a Chicano
SJVRP
is
an
extension
of
a
midnight.
ceremony but it usually fell short
national voter registration drive,
Throughout the week, persons
of its goal due to " a lack of
the Southwest Voter Registration
may register at one of 10 various
organization and serious effort,"
Project of San Antonio, Texas.
locations throughout the city:
according to Garduque.
The local project has been in
Last year, a social reception
existence over a year and its
Fulton Mall (Fulton and Tulare
for the graduates was held in
current campaign began April 9.
Street)
which $200 was raised for this
"Voter Registration Week"
K-Mart (Eastgate: Kings
year's ceremony. Garduque said
began Monday and will continue
Canyon & Maple Avenues)
another $150 had been r aised
until 27 _a<IU. May 2 which is the
Sal Mosqeda Center
through donations by Chica,10
registration
deadline
for
the
Ma~
Ivy
alumni of CSUF.
31 special election.
Sunset Community Center
As a result of such alumni
The election is to fill the Fresno
Hinton Community Center
response, Garduque said the
City Council sea t vacated by Al
King of King s Community
comm ittee
is
considering
Villa when he became Fresno'~
Center
develo pment of a Chicano
second Chicano municipal court
Our Lady of Mount Carmel
Alumni Association as their next
judge last month.
Catholic Church
project.
Cruz Bustamante, Jr., SJVRP
Bethel Lutheran Church
Garduque said any alumni
director, said Saturday's tarSt. John's Cathedral ("R" and
interested in contributing more
deada will be at the Sal
Mariposa Streets)
to thig year 's ceremony may
Mosqueda
Community
Center
at
contacl any of the co-ordinators .
The May 20 program will begin
at 5:30 p.m. with a cena for the
contest-new
deadline
Marathon drive , tardeada rally
Voter Registration highlight week
unnamea u •
yet;
-LR 9, Chicano Art Orientation, instructed by Ernesto
Saragoza said the four-course
cutbacks came as a result of "too
many students getting their GE
in one departmept.''
He is uncert \in of what affect
the ruling will have on the La
Raza Studies curriculum, which
is already under .close scrutiny
by the administration because of
enrollment decline.
"La Raza Studies is being
affected by these university-wide
cutbacks," he said. "Students
play the important role in the
program's health."
The ruling may force the
program to specialize _in lower
division courses and offer more
of what Saragoza terms "pzazz"
courses such as prehispanic
civilization and folklore.
He says one possible impact
would be the increase of Anglo
enrollment in the lower division
cow ~es with GE credit as opposed to upper division courses.
Anglo enrollment has grown to
15 per cent the director reported.
Most of them take the course as
requirements in their majors.
But Saragoza put out the call
for Chicanos to enroll.
"While more and more Anglos
are taking La Raza courses,
Chicanos are still the lifeblood of
the program,'' he said.
"Without their support, we
may be in bad straits in terms of
enrollment. Students should look
at the upper division program to
enrichen their education."
Courses which have been
added to next fall's schedule are:
-LR 109,, Chicano and the
Educational System, instructed
by Teresa Perez;
-LR
110,
Bicultureal
Education, also instructed by
Perez;
LR
111,
Prehispanic
Civilization, instructed by Dr.
Jesus Luna.
, The deadline
for
fall
registration is July 19.
-MEChA to
nominate
officers
Nominations for tQe 1977 fall
semester ME ChA officers will be
taken on Thursday, May 5,
during the MEChA meeting at 12
noon.
All potential caQ_didates will go
through a question and answer
period with the screening
committee. Elections will be held
the week following Semana .
(EDITOR'S NOTE:
Yesterday, a special
seminar was conducted by CSUF.
Chicano students and La Raza
Studies faculty to review the
direction of el movimiento
estudiantil on campus.
Many activists•are urging that
the movement be revitalized,
priorities be restructured, and
commitments be reviewed and
renewed in stride with climate
and pace changes since the
movements early days.
It appears many Chicano
students have taken to "complacency," as described by La
Raza Studies director Alex
Saragoza who last week r~leased
a memorandum to faculty and
students that LRS will now take
the initiative in the area of
student activism.
Numerous .reasons may exist
for the complacency but he told
MEChA that pointing fingers at
who is to blame is of little importance; that the priority is
what to do about it.
Y~terday's seminar was one
step. Another step will occur
shortly in the form of the annual
La Raza Studies retreat. ·
La Voz wishes to contribute to
the move for revitalization by
reprinting the following two
articles from the 1977 Chicano
Youth Conference Brochure. The
articles were written by La Voz
staffer Arturo Ocampo and deal
with the movement and its
history as well as comments
from the persons interviewed.
Letters
:i:;;;:::1:i@·@fJ:l~
• sta mos .comp Ieta ndo
c,E
Movimiento wilt not die if we refuse assimilation,
loss of culture.
by Arturo Ocampo
· "Movimiento is the reaction of
oppressed people against the
oppressor," says .Hugo Morales,
a La Raza Studies professor at
tSUF. ''Movimiento has no time
boundaries. As long as there is
oppression, and there is action
against it, then movimiento
exists."
Morales was born in Mobaca
Mexico, · and is of ·Mixte(:a
heritage. A graduate of Harvard
College, he is distingllished as
one of the first Chicanos to enter
Harvard. Law School. While
there, he organized the Harvard
Radcliffe Raza Law Club.
He came to Fresno last year to
serve on the legal staff of the
Agricultural Labor Relations
Board until it ran out of money in
February, 1976. He interpreted
law and conducted union elections for the board as well as
conducting the investigations
into a unfair labor charges made
by the unions and the growers
against each other.
In Fall 1976, Morales joined the
La Raza Studies faculty here and
taught Movimiento and Contemporary Issues. This Spring,
he will teach Movimiento
Chi_canos in Law, Spanish fo;
Paralegals, and Community
Studies. He serves as advisor to
MEChA and the CSUF Law Club.
Morales believes the reason el
movimiento had more action and
overt power in the 60's was
because there was a spirit of reawakening and, to an extent,
romanticism.
"Today, many of these former
activists have scars from the
movimiento," he says. "Many
have been disillusioned while
others have sought different
manners to reach their goals
such as Marxism. And many
others are introspective at
present.''
He also added that still others
sought to teach younger Chicanos
in all levels of education about
our cultura and historia.
"Hopefully,
the
young
Chicanos will organize in a
concerted effort to fight for our
civil rights," he says. "As long as
Chicanos refuse to assimilate
and refuse to lose our culture, the
movimiento surely will not die."
Moraj_es points out an important problem that Chicanos
face deals with the attitudes that
divide us-particularly envidia.
"It's sad to see how the gringo
laughs at us when we fight over
the crumbs left to us," he says.
"If we have envidia, we won't be·
able to go anywhere."
Another problem Morales said
needs attention is the lack of
untrained leadership. He would
like to develop future leaders and
teach in his classes how to
organize.
"We have to distinguish bet-,.
ween personalities and issues.
It's sad that" our best leader has
to live like a sacrificial lamb
because we w~n 't accept any
leader living off the movement,''
he said .
"Untrained leadership in skills
and envidia are two deep-seeded
problems we must learn to deal
with," says Morales.
Morales hopes in the next five
years or so gente will be more
organized in a concerted effort to
achieve the many civil rights still
denied our Raza.
'Powers that be' speak again-ousted prof reacts
Editor:
eluded that the art department
matter what they should be?" Or
faculty members that did so
During my first year as a
more specifically, ''Should
should not have attempted to
professor of art education at
Fresno State not follow inCSUF, I experienced something
tellectual
pursuits
that
assassinate my professional
that had the peculair nature of a
discourage those provenialisms
reputation, a unanimous vote
great deal of my general excommon in the area that have
was given for my termination.
perience with the educational
evolved from the idea that
The reason -given to me for the
system here. I was conducting a
Mexicans are inferior beings?"
decision to support the reputation
class where student teachers
Not that these attitudes are not to
assassinators was that I "could
under my supervision would
be found · elsewhere. But cernot reach the kind of student that
teach lessons to children from
tainly, there are not many places
they have here." It is not easy to
the community. On one occassion
to be found where like attitudes
guess what kind of student
a child of about five or six years
are more overtly apparent
Fresno State has, only that I
of age was happily running about
through the whole social
cannot reach them. I do not know
scattering paper on the floor . I
hierarchy of an area and its
whether this means that I have
whispered to the child that it
institutions. The idea of a
certain intrinsic lack of abilities,
would be nice if he would stop
university as is found in most
or the students have some inand listen to the student-teacher
well meaning thinkers of the past
trinsic inabilities, or that both thE
and maybe even pick up the
are otherwise. The idea of a · students and I have some inpapers he had scattered. The
university was partly conceived
trinsic inabilities. But it matten
st uden t-te acher, sensing
as a place where intellectual
little, the power that we have
something was wrong with the
pursuits are sought through
have spoken-and after all, it is
way
things were going,
which the general community of
their school.
demanded from the child that he
mankind c~n profit. Fresno State
In order to justify this action,
explain why he was out of his
does not generally fit this
some faculty members and the
seat. The child was momentarily
description and most parchairman of that department
stopped from his pursuit of happy
ticularly in its relation with the
undertook
the
task
of
abandonment but nevertheless
Mexican-American community.
assassinating my professional
· proved his resourcefulness. He
The lack of my acceptance in
credibility. At the risk of sounstopped, looked, pointed at me,
this university was expressed
ding immodest, I can show to
and said to the student-teacher:
even before I arrived here. When
anyone interested that my
" Well, the janitor told me to pick
negotiations on my application
scholarly pursuits have gone well
up the paper." The two Chicana
were takiing place I was told by
beyond that which my chief
student-teachers present and I
the Art Department that they had
accusers themselves have done
had a hearty laugh at my exno funds for my passage from
(keeping in mind of course that
pense whil' the other studentIndiana to Fresno. Therefore, if I
those achievements do not have
teachers remained silent in their
wanted to come for an interview I
to be extensive for this purpose).
embarrassment. I to this day do
would have to do it at my own
N_evertheless, consider that I am
not know whether they were
expense. Andres Alvarado, the .
one of three members out of 24
embarrassed for me or for
affirmative officer at that time,
faculty
that have doctorate
themselves. I would guess,
found the funds for my passage
degr~ (and as far as I know,
however, : that the Chicana
here, much to some in the art
the only Chicano in the country
students were used to being
department's dismay. Ever since
with a doctorate in art
considered in relation with
then it has been a scramble to
education). Also ·consider that I
menial work and were laughing
stave off the attacks from one
at the irony of the situation. The
have taught at the University of
quarter or the other. I must
others, 1 would suppose, saw the
Alabama and Indiana Univeradmit that I have not been a lone
effects of attitudes of their
sity, both of which are ranked as
recipient in this however. I do not
culture toward Chicanos at even
class "A" schools, and have
believe that this lack of acsw-h a tender age. This sort of ceptance is soley based on my received high recommendations
thing is of course no news to any difference of opinion as to what
from them. Fresno State, I have
Chicano professional in this effective art education should be.
been told, is ranked as a class
area-though one can meet some I can give good reasons for what I
"CH school or thereabouts, yet
who will not admit it.
my competence does allegedly
believe. I have never been asked
Some CSUF administrators, ·, to give these reasons nor have
not come up to its standards. It
faculty, and staff certaily reflect my adversaries given theirs. The
would be well to also note,
this attitude to no lesser extent humanities personnel committee
perhaps even more pertinently,
than the surrounding comthat the art department at CSUF
(which includes a member of the
munity. The question that I art department and chief acis not generally noted for its
would like to entertain here then cuser) concluded that I should be
excellence even locally. This is
is: 0 Sbould a university merely terminated at the end of the next
not to be interpreted as an attack
-reflect the attitudes of society no school year. Though they con- on some individual faculty
member whose competence and
integrity
should not
be
questioned but rather on those
who have exalted views of
themselves but are nevertheless
quite ordinary like most of us.
Much more could be said about
all this, but I wish only to set a
basis for some credibility on that
which I wish to say.
, Part of the basis for action
taken against me has come from
some student evaluations which
are easily recognized as contrived. Some student themselves
cannot apparently see me as _;m
authoritative figure. Or ?S
Professor Joyce Aiken of the Art
Department once put it, I am
"not a model for these students ."
This no doubt has some truth to
it. But consider the child who
took me for the janitor-is it
likely that I could ever be a
model for this child? I think not.
Professor Aiken and some of
these students clearly suffer
from that which we will call here
the 'Mexican janitor syndrome.'
The damage is not soley mine_but
for all Chicanos and nonChicanos as well. Elements in the
general community reinforce
these attitudes as well as in the
citadel of knowledge calle.d
CSUF. A man who reflects
Mexicaness cannot become an
authoritative model for those
who see his place as picking
grapes and ; or cleaning the
community. Certainly not one
who expounds on educational
matters close to the heart. Will
Fresno State continue to be a
place where the little boy
mentioned earlier find further
reinforcement to his conditioned
response to Mexicans?
All of this I have come to learn
to expect from part of the
community and some of my
colleagues. But what I have had
to accept most unwillingly is the
realization that I cannot come to
be a person of authoritative
credentials to some Chicano
students by virtue of the fact that
I am Mexican as well. Here we
find a _phenomenon, such as that
which Paulo Friere the writer
tells us about, wereby the oppressed has come to possess the
mentality of the oppressor. The
harm inflicted by the dominant
culture to Mexican self-esteem is
clear. The story can be told even
simpler. Too many, and orie
would be too many, have been
conditioned to see their native
mentality and potential as being
inferior and thusly see themselves as inferior. When that is
the case, it is not easy to see
another Mexican as possibly
having authoritative knowledge
on any subject or content. Hence,
we come to see ourselves as the
dominant r ·iture sees us.
I am not really qualified to give
advice to anyone on how to avoid
the pitfalls laid out for a Chicano
atCSUF. Clearly , I have ot been
able to avoid them myself. In
retrospect, · ow~v ... r , I believe
that new Chicano arriva1s at the
Art Department (which is highly
unlikely) should do one of two
things. Thf ·" should either be
grateful · •r the token employment and act accordrngly or
document every incident for self
protection and ear'· ~stly seek the
support of the
hicano community. Of the la1 )r two things,
the documentation is mote important because work with the
Chican_o community is of no
internal importance in this
department.
I would not be pleas~d f those
from the ,
•:f-': "-. ~·
community with whom .1. have shared
mutual respect and camaraderie
would interpret any of this as
bitterness or lack of esteem for
them. For those who have concern for · me and have shared
common struggles I ask that they ·
lay aside their fears for me. I
have suffered no internal
damage OJ;' am suffering no pangs
of negative self-esteem because
of this. I do not consider it a 'putdown' because of those who say
that I do not belong at Fresno
State with them. In many ways it
is a compliment. Basta la vista.
Dr. Francisco Barrios
con el movimiento
become that which we've fought against for so long
by Arturo Ocampo
It has been more than six years
since the Chicano student outcry
for campus awareness and the
fight for equality accelerated el
movimiento Raza. But Ysidrio
Macias is quick to advise that el
Hugo Morales
Ysldrlo Macias
movimiento is much older than
the days of Chicano Power
chants , and even cries of
"Huelga!"
"The roots of el movimiento
began in pre-Columbian times
with our forefathers: las Mayas,
Olmecas, Toltecas, etc., as they
tried to attain a
selfdetermination and definition of
who, what, and why foey wer.e,"
says Macias who, until this
semester, taught La Razas
Studies courses at CSUF on
Indigena and Movimiento.
He is currently studying to
obtain a law degree.
Macias' perspective is constructed on a foundation of experiences which also helped
instigate the Chicano student
movement in the late 60's and
early 70's. The organization that
came out of it was simply named
El Movimiento Estudiantil
Chicano de Aztlan (MEChA) .
Macias was among the many
Chicano activists fighting for
student rights at the University
of California, in Berkeley in 1969.
Among
the
distinctions
surrounding
Macias '
involvement is the fact he received
the most severe jail sentence
among Chicanos arrested for
their activism at the time. He
was also one of the architects for
El Plan de Santa Barbara, which
outlines el movimiento Chicano
as it pertains to the educational
system. From El Plan springs
the groundwork for MEChA.
But among Macias' greater
interests is la cultura indigena.
He feels there is a need for
students to look beyond their
immediate history and identify
with the roots of nuestra cultura.
"Our Indian ancestors,)laving
become mixed with
the
Spaniards, moved up North
seeking the legendary land of
Axtlan," says Macias. "The
dwindling spark of el movimento
came along with them."
From the time of the mestizo,
on through the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hiualgo, through the
"Mexican-American," and up
until approximately 15 years ago,
the condition of Mejicanos was
not among the most desired. The
struggle was long and slow until
finally Cesar Chavez and the
United Farmworkers Union in
1964 ignited the spark into a
flame.
"This is why the UFW is
onsidered the Mother of the
on t e·m po r a r y Chic an o
ovement," said Macias. "With
this re-awakening, the Chicano
movement on campus also began
to take on challenges of
inequality in the educational
syste~."
Macias said some of their goals
in the late 60's and early 70's
were to re-write history and
academics to reflect a clearer
picture of Raza in the United
States as well as emphasize our
contributions to the southwest; to
dispel negative stereotypes aqout
Chicanos and encourage the
positiveness of being a Chicano
and to encourage Chicanos to
enter college and implement
supportive programs such as the
Educational Opportunity
Program and La Raza Studies ·so
that classes about Chicanos
would nurture the re-birth of our
culture.
While to a certain extent some
of these goals are now being
realized, new goals and perspectives become necessary as a
result. In so doing, new problems
begin to materialize.
Currently, there is little
denying that .Chicanos face many
•
such problems in the continued
struggle for Raza. One which
Macias asserts is of significance
concerns Chicanos falling into a
trap that just because one
possesses a degree (PhD.,
Masters, etc.) one can dictate
over another. Or, as Macias, puts
it, "que tiene la palabra."
But he hopes this period of
introspect on the part of older
Chicanos will encourage younger
Chicanos to take the initiative
and act.
Or, as he so precisely states,
"Are you gonna sit on your ass
and feed off the carcass fought
for by your older carnales, or are
you gonna get the bull by the
horns and get your act
together'?"
.
Macias sees the future of the
movimiento as an alliance of
different people.
"Seguro que nuestra cultura y
raza es algo fina y bonita," he
says. "But we must not gegin to
build a superiority complex for if
we do, we would become our own
enemy. We would become that
which we have been fighting
against for so long.
"No somos los gran chingones,
we are people-not superior not
in(erior to anyone."
Or, as Carlos Castenada quoted
Don Juan in "Tales of Power":
"The.warrior lowers his head to
none, and at the same time, he
doesn't permit anyone to lower
his head to him."
"Just because Dr. John Smith,
or Julano de Tai says something
is so doesn't mean he's right,"
says Macias. "This is ~specially ,
harmful if Chican·os start
manipulating their fellow carnales. This stops the Chicano's
growth which in turn slows down
el movimiento."
Rather, Macias says w~ shouJct'
be questioning and challenging at
all times, contending that at
present el movimiento has
discouraged this as well as "de- .
emphasizing struggle."
He believes ·el movimiento as
present is undergoing an internal
struggle: that former activists
and many "veteranos" are no at
a period of introspect and
reflecting on
what the
movimiento has brought about.
NACSS confab at Berkeley cqmpu.s
The National Association of
Chicano
Socia1
Scientists
(NACSS) will hold their fifth
annual conference on the
,University of California Berkeley
icampus from April 28 to May 1.
; "Chicano Research as a
!catalyst for Social Change," is
the theme in an effort to generate
'a wide-ranging discussion of the
,association and of Chicano
Studies research in general. .
To facilitate this discussion,
the program committee has
organized 'a plenary session on
the politics and philosophy of
NACSS.
Topics which will be under
Change, Chicano Mental Health:
Clinical and Preventive Services,
Current Studies in Chicano
Politics and Political Economy
Issues in Chicano Language
Research, Chicano and the
"National Question.''
La Raza studies
will
l
l
bel
providing transportation for
about 10 students who would like
to attend the conference. Since
there is only a limited amount of
space available, those who are
interested in going should contact La Raza Studies as soon as
possible. Most cars will leave
April 29. Preference will be given
to seniors and juniors.
Discussion by panels and in
workshops include; -Status and
Direction on Research . on
..
......
.
:,:,:•❖: -··
-:
the
older generation
has a lot of stuffy
.ideas...
.
cigarette
smoking is one!
·!
American
Cancer Society
there's
lots of living
and
loving ahead
..
•• ·•
·· .., .
•.
't?ti!
Chicanas,
Labor
Market
Segmentation Theory and the
Chicano,
Pedagorgy
and
Methodology in Chicano Studies,
The Present Status of Chicano
, Studies Programs, The Chicano
Family: Alternative Theoretical
Approaches, The Development of
the Chicano Working Class:
Historical Views, The Political
Economy of the Chicano Experience, Chicano Alternative
Institution Building.
'ftluradaY, April 28,
um
Monday . May 2, 1977
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
Semana
de la
Raza
10:30 a.m.-Proclamation:
Leo Gallegos, Mariachi de la
Tierra
11 :00 a.m.-Parlier High
School Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Cecilio Orosco
12: 00 noon-Los DaI,lzantes de
Aztlan Grupo, Folklorico
1:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie: "El Gallo
de Oro"
Tuesday, May 3
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Sunset Pre-school
'
Schedule of Events
Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Andres Segura
11:00 a.m.-ClovisHilh School
Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Dr . Felix
Gutierrez
:12:00 noon-Comparsa Unlversitaria
1 :00 p.m.-Roosevelt High
School, Marimba Dancers
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie : "Angelitos
Negros"
Wednesday, May 4
9:30 a.m .-Pan Dulce
10 :00 a.m.-Rowell
Elementary School Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Speaker:
Jesus
Leyva
11 :00 a.m.-Sanger High
School Dancers
11 :30 a.m.-Heidi Chavez
12: 00 noon-Tea tro Del
Espiritu
1 :OO p.m.-Chicano
Gong
Show
3:vO p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
An evening program will be
held for the community in the
Amphitheater beginning at
6:00 p.m. Hors d'oeuvres will be
served along with the following
schedule or events:
6:00 p.m.-Assemblyman
Richard Alatorre
7:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
8:00 p.m.-Teatro
Del
Cultural center honors Chi~ano leader'
by Pedro Ramirez
In east Fresno, off of Cedar and
Hamilton avenues, there is a
group of projects (low income
housing). In which stands a
building about the size of a one
story
elementary
school
building. This building is now
being transformed into one of the
most distinguished cultural
centers in the valley, Centro
Catarino Hurtado.
Named after the distinguished
Chicano leader in Fresno, Centro
Catarino Hurtado opened its
doors in February of this year.
Plans for the center at first were
uncertain, however, La Brocha
del Valle is now working on a
mural that will cover all of the
outside walls of the center. The
murals will depict the struggle of
the Chicano.
Ben Garza, the organizer of the
centro, says that they have ·
planned many classes for the
centro. Some of these classes
include art, photography, poetry,
and writing, which is the main
reason for the opening of the
centro, but he adds that volunteer instructors are needed. He
also makes it a point that the
centro is for everyone.
"The purpose of the center,"
adds Garza, "is to serve the
tenants of the projects. If the
tenants have any problems, they
will come to the centro in an
organized manner and discuss
their grievances. Garza says that
before the centro was brought
the tenants of the projects, had
no organization and had no one to
tell their grievances to.
Everyday children visit the
centro who mainly are involved
in art. Garza points out that when
a young child draws an image on
paper that is his artistic talent
developing. This development is
vital to us and his parents
because this shows he can
probably emerge into some other
field. For people in the poor
white, black and Chicano community this is very important.
Although tl:3 center has been
opened for a short time, it
already has run into conflict. A
week ago Garza was not permitted to enter the center
because he failed to submit a
monthly report. Ben Montijo of
the Fresno Housing Authority
says, "the doors were locked
because we needed to know
where our money was going.
Handing in the report would have
told us this, but Mr . Garza failed
to submit it." The center ,
however, was forced open the
next day by Garza . "He was," he
says, "thinking about the activities of the children." The
report was not handed in because
Garza claims that they have not
fully cooperated with them. The
centro has been trying to get
plans underway ,
but can't
because of lack of facilities.
Montijo claims that they funded
them with enough funds and
facilities. The problems that the
centro is experiencing are
common ones. However it's to be
expected of a newly formed
facility. There have been many
accusations against La Brocha,
one being that they mis-manage
their money, and also against the
Housing Authority not showing
full cooperation. These problems
may or may not diminish,
however, Garza says, "if they do
or don't our centro will never
close." The centro in essence is
here to stay. Jt is here to serve
the people. For people that live in
housing tracks, it sometimes is
not pleasant, however, with
centros like this one, these people
can be heard.
The center is in need of people
that are interested in instructing
classes. There is much need for
people at the university to help,
and get involved. If you are interested call 233-8583, and ask for
Ben Garza. Your help will be
appreciated.
Thursday, Mays
9:30 ·a .m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Calwa-EJe-u
mentary School Dancers
10 :30 a.m .-Dolores Huei-taU.F.W.A.
11:00 a.m .-Selma
High
School Dancers I Marimbas
11 :30 a.m.-Dr. Jesus Luna
The following activities will
take place at O'Neill Park-on
the northeast side of the CSUF
campus:
12:00-5:00 p.m.1. Erik White's Elementary
Schoo) Dance Group
2. Musica Nortena
3. Food Bazaar
4. Mariachi
5. Arts and Crafts
6. Games
The Semana de la Raza activities will conclude on ThlD'sday evening with a free dance in
the College Union Lounge
featurin1 Beto Garcia y sus
G.G.'s. The dance will begin at
8:00 . p . m
Cinco de
Mayo
The following are the schedules
of activities planned for Cinco de
Mayo at Fresno City and Reedley
Colleges respectively.
FCC
Wednesday, May 4
11:00 a .m .-Tortilla making
contest, Free Speech area
12:00 noon-Marimba Band
1 :00 p .m .-F.C.C. Folklorico
Dancers
2:00-5:00 p.m.-Teatro
Workshops
Thursday, May 5
9 :00 a.m.- Aldalitas
Cupcake
Sale
10 :00 a.m .-Costume Contest
11:00 a.m.-Charros de Madera
Mariachi
12 : 00 noon-Lunch
1:00 p.m .-Pinata, F ree Speech
area
2:00 p.m.-Teatro de la Tierra
3:00 p.m.-Los Danzantez lndenas de Aztlan
5:00-8:00 p.m.-Student
dance
Friday, May 6
12:00 noon-Chicano
Talent
Show, Speech Music Building,
room 132
1:00 p.m.-Speaker-F rancisco
Gallegos, Speech Music Building,
room 132
7:00 p.m.-Marisela Dancers
8:00 p.m.-Speaker-Dr. Julian
Nava, Social Science Building,
room 132
up
/
E spiritu , Comparsa Universitaria
Documentary
film for Cat
A documentary film will be
presented on the life of Catarino
Hurtado and his contributions to
the Chicano community on
Channel 30 at 6:00 p.m., Sunday,
May 1.
Catarino, a noted Chicano
leader who was instrumental in
starting the Chicano movement
in Fresno, was killed in an auto
accident on Feb. 12, 1977.
The documentary, a half hour
long program, was put together
by Ricardo Duran of the Channel
30 Advisory Committee.
Reedley
Chicano graduation
Tuesday, May 2
12:00 noon-Roosevelt Marimba
Band
exercises I\Aay 20
(Continued from p. 1)
in return for a donation to the
ceremony.
Buttons designed by Salvador
Garcia of La Brocha del Valle
will also be sold at the ~eremony.
Garduque said currently the
committee has names of 100 to
200 Chicanos eligible for participation. A booth will be set ·up
during Semana de la Raza to
Thursday, May 5
12: 00 noon-Karate Exhibi t
1:00 p. m .-Da nce Group-La s
Falmas, cafeteria
provide more information and
enlist more participants.
Any others interested may pick
up applications at one of three
CSUF locations: Tutorial Services (487-2924), La Raza Studies
(4R7-2848), EOP (487-1021, or at
Joyeria Mexico on the Fulton
Mall in downtown Fresno (233· •:•:•:•
0861).
Staff Box
April Editor: Celia Ponce
Editor:
Tom Uribes
Reporters: Cindy Cabrera,
Margaret Esparza, Victor
Martinez, Arturo Ocampo,
Pete Ramirez Angie Rios
❖:•:
:=:1::::::;:::;:::;:;:;:::::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::::::::::·:·~;~~:=:
Rainbow kicks
off Semana
The Semana de la Raza
Committee will kick off its annual Cinco de Mayo activities
this Sunday, May 1, 1977 with a
dance to be held at the Rainbow
Ballroom featuring Beto Garcia
y sus G.G.'s and Sabor Del
Ritmo.
According to Sandra Ramirez,
chairperson for the Semana
Committee, "Efforts on putting
together Semana began in
September with only a handful of
students working on this." We
<the committee) selected the
theme of "Chicano Struggles"
for this year's activitiJS because
of a general overview of what
DI-
Chicanos face in today's
society."
Some of the topics includes
"Historical Talk on Cinco de
Mayo" which will be presented
by Dr. Jesus Luna, who is an
instructor at La - Raza Studies
•Office. Jesus Leyva is the
coordinator of Chicano Studies at
the University of California, at
Davis.
Haydee Chavez, works with the
Oakland Police Department in
the Community Relations
Department. She will be talking
on her life experience as a Latina
woman trying to make it in this
world.
<Continued on p.
Apply by M~y 6 ·
· First Chican,o
graduation set
-for May _20
f.A vaz
4>
THURSD~Y, APRIL ZS. 19'11
A special edition of THE OOLLEGIAN, California State University, Fresno
R~vised -CSUF policy cuts
LRS general' educa-tion
With the recent revision of the
university's general education
policies, some students may
become confused about which La
Raza Studies courses are still
good for GE credit, says
program director Alex Saragoza .
"Students contemplating
taking La Raza courses for
general education should keep in
La Vaz art
mind what catalope they came
in on," he said.
"If you get your hands on the
instructor
wrong catalogue, beware."
Martinez.
Only freshmen will be affected
by the new ruling which limits
each department and program to
placing only four courses for GE
credit.
In the past, La Raza Studies
has had six to 10 courses.
However, any students who
entered prior to next fall ( 1977)
may still get credit for courses
listed as requirements in the
catalogue issued the year they
entered -CSUF.
"For example, if a currently
enrolled student wanted to take
my 124 class for credit, and it was
listed in his catalog as a GE
course, that student would stil1
receive credit although 124 is no
longer listed for credit beginning
with the 1977catalogue, "said
Saragoza.
The four courses which qualify
for general education credit are:
-LR 3, Socialization of the
Chicano, instructed by Lea
Ybarra-Soriano;
-LR 5, Chicano Culture, instructed by Dr. Jesus Luna;
-LR 7, Chicano Art Forms,
For the first time a t CSUF, a honorees and their families while
bilingual
comm encement Mariachi de la Tierra provides
ceremony will be held to honor music. Each honoree may bring
graduating Chicano students and three persons from his / her
family but additional persons
their families.
The Chicano Commencement will be expected to pay $1.50.
At 7:30 p .m ., commencement
The deadline date for entrees
Committee recently announced
to be in for the Art Contest
the ceremony will occur May 20 and awards ceremonies will
depicting the Chicano struggle
occur. Following at 9:00 p.m . will
at the Fresno Fairgrounds.
today, has been extended until
The deadline to apply is be a dance featuring Los RainMay 2, at 12 noon .
Friday, May 6.
bows.
La Voz de Aztlan is sponsoring
Admission to the dance is open
It will include a cena (dinner)
the contest in accordance with
' to the public with a minimal
and a dance.
Semana de La Raza. First prize
Tony Garduque , of the , donation requested. Graduates
Educational Op portuni ty will be admitted free . Garduque is $25.00, second prize, $15.00, and
third prize $10.00.
Program (EOP ) and a com~ said the dance will serve as a
The winning drawing will
fundraiser for next year's
mittee co-ordinator, said any
pap£ar as La Voz's front page in
Chicano graduating this spring, ceremony.
Other fundrai_sers Garduque our May issue. Other entrees will
_ this summer , or who had
said are planned include a radio also be published inside La Voz.
graduated from CSUF in F all
dedication show in which people
Drawings must be on 14" X 10"
1976, may participate in the
calling into Spanish-radio or 24" X 34" size white paper and
ceremonies.
stations will have a song played · done in India or dark black ink.
He and his fellow ~o-orclina tors,
Manuel Olgin of Tutorial Ser(Continued on p. 4 )
vices and Ernesto Martinez of La
Raza Studies, conducted a
survey last semester which indicated a positive a ttitude
toward the ceremony.
"Some people took offense to
the idea," said Garduque. " They
felt we were being separatist, but
we're not. The other ceremony
(CSUF's May 18) is too cold cut
A tardeada this Satur:_day and a
Maple and Butler avenues from
and dry. Also, we will emphasize
marathon voter registration
12-6:00 p.m.
honoring the families. "
rally nex · CT •
will highlight
It will include entertainment,
He said the ceremony is not
a
campaign
by
the
San
Joaquin
food,
and various booths.
only to honor the graduates but
Voter Registration Project of
Monday's "Voter Registration
also to generate a role-model for
Fresno.
Marathon" will be held at the
youth.
Intended to register to vote
Fulton Mall (Fulton at .Tulare
In the past, attempts have been
Spanish-surnamed people, the
Street) from 7;30 a.m. until 12
made to initiate a Chicano
SJVRP
is
an
extension
of
a
midnight.
ceremony but it usually fell short
national voter registration drive,
Throughout the week, persons
of its goal due to " a lack of
the Southwest Voter Registration
may register at one of 10 various
organization and serious effort,"
Project of San Antonio, Texas.
locations throughout the city:
according to Garduque.
The local project has been in
Last year, a social reception
existence over a year and its
Fulton Mall (Fulton and Tulare
for the graduates was held in
current campaign began April 9.
Street)
which $200 was raised for this
"Voter Registration Week"
K-Mart (Eastgate: Kings
year's ceremony. Garduque said
began Monday and will continue
Canyon & Maple Avenues)
another $150 had been r aised
until 27 _a<IU. May 2 which is the
Sal Mosqeda Center
through donations by Chica,10
registration
deadline
for
the
Ma~
Ivy
alumni of CSUF.
31 special election.
Sunset Community Center
As a result of such alumni
The election is to fill the Fresno
Hinton Community Center
response, Garduque said the
City Council sea t vacated by Al
King of King s Community
comm ittee
is
considering
Villa when he became Fresno'~
Center
develo pment of a Chicano
second Chicano municipal court
Our Lady of Mount Carmel
Alumni Association as their next
judge last month.
Catholic Church
project.
Cruz Bustamante, Jr., SJVRP
Bethel Lutheran Church
Garduque said any alumni
director, said Saturday's tarSt. John's Cathedral ("R" and
interested in contributing more
deada will be at the Sal
Mariposa Streets)
to thig year 's ceremony may
Mosqueda
Community
Center
at
contacl any of the co-ordinators .
The May 20 program will begin
at 5:30 p.m. with a cena for the
contest-new
deadline
Marathon drive , tardeada rally
Voter Registration highlight week
unnamea u •
yet;
-LR 9, Chicano Art Orientation, instructed by Ernesto
Saragoza said the four-course
cutbacks came as a result of "too
many students getting their GE
in one departmept.''
He is uncert \in of what affect
the ruling will have on the La
Raza Studies curriculum, which
is already under .close scrutiny
by the administration because of
enrollment decline.
"La Raza Studies is being
affected by these university-wide
cutbacks," he said. "Students
play the important role in the
program's health."
The ruling may force the
program to specialize _in lower
division courses and offer more
of what Saragoza terms "pzazz"
courses such as prehispanic
civilization and folklore.
He says one possible impact
would be the increase of Anglo
enrollment in the lower division
cow ~es with GE credit as opposed to upper division courses.
Anglo enrollment has grown to
15 per cent the director reported.
Most of them take the course as
requirements in their majors.
But Saragoza put out the call
for Chicanos to enroll.
"While more and more Anglos
are taking La Raza courses,
Chicanos are still the lifeblood of
the program,'' he said.
"Without their support, we
may be in bad straits in terms of
enrollment. Students should look
at the upper division program to
enrichen their education."
Courses which have been
added to next fall's schedule are:
-LR 109,, Chicano and the
Educational System, instructed
by Teresa Perez;
-LR
110,
Bicultureal
Education, also instructed by
Perez;
LR
111,
Prehispanic
Civilization, instructed by Dr.
Jesus Luna.
, The deadline
for
fall
registration is July 19.
-MEChA to
nominate
officers
Nominations for tQe 1977 fall
semester ME ChA officers will be
taken on Thursday, May 5,
during the MEChA meeting at 12
noon.
All potential caQ_didates will go
through a question and answer
period with the screening
committee. Elections will be held
the week following Semana .
(EDITOR'S NOTE:
Yesterday, a special
seminar was conducted by CSUF.
Chicano students and La Raza
Studies faculty to review the
direction of el movimiento
estudiantil on campus.
Many activists•are urging that
the movement be revitalized,
priorities be restructured, and
commitments be reviewed and
renewed in stride with climate
and pace changes since the
movements early days.
It appears many Chicano
students have taken to "complacency," as described by La
Raza Studies director Alex
Saragoza who last week r~leased
a memorandum to faculty and
students that LRS will now take
the initiative in the area of
student activism.
Numerous .reasons may exist
for the complacency but he told
MEChA that pointing fingers at
who is to blame is of little importance; that the priority is
what to do about it.
Y~terday's seminar was one
step. Another step will occur
shortly in the form of the annual
La Raza Studies retreat. ·
La Voz wishes to contribute to
the move for revitalization by
reprinting the following two
articles from the 1977 Chicano
Youth Conference Brochure. The
articles were written by La Voz
staffer Arturo Ocampo and deal
with the movement and its
history as well as comments
from the persons interviewed.
Letters
:i:;;;:::1:i@·@fJ:l~
• sta mos .comp Ieta ndo
c,E
Movimiento wilt not die if we refuse assimilation,
loss of culture.
by Arturo Ocampo
· "Movimiento is the reaction of
oppressed people against the
oppressor," says .Hugo Morales,
a La Raza Studies professor at
tSUF. ''Movimiento has no time
boundaries. As long as there is
oppression, and there is action
against it, then movimiento
exists."
Morales was born in Mobaca
Mexico, · and is of ·Mixte(:a
heritage. A graduate of Harvard
College, he is distingllished as
one of the first Chicanos to enter
Harvard. Law School. While
there, he organized the Harvard
Radcliffe Raza Law Club.
He came to Fresno last year to
serve on the legal staff of the
Agricultural Labor Relations
Board until it ran out of money in
February, 1976. He interpreted
law and conducted union elections for the board as well as
conducting the investigations
into a unfair labor charges made
by the unions and the growers
against each other.
In Fall 1976, Morales joined the
La Raza Studies faculty here and
taught Movimiento and Contemporary Issues. This Spring,
he will teach Movimiento
Chi_canos in Law, Spanish fo;
Paralegals, and Community
Studies. He serves as advisor to
MEChA and the CSUF Law Club.
Morales believes the reason el
movimiento had more action and
overt power in the 60's was
because there was a spirit of reawakening and, to an extent,
romanticism.
"Today, many of these former
activists have scars from the
movimiento," he says. "Many
have been disillusioned while
others have sought different
manners to reach their goals
such as Marxism. And many
others are introspective at
present.''
He also added that still others
sought to teach younger Chicanos
in all levels of education about
our cultura and historia.
"Hopefully,
the
young
Chicanos will organize in a
concerted effort to fight for our
civil rights," he says. "As long as
Chicanos refuse to assimilate
and refuse to lose our culture, the
movimiento surely will not die."
Moraj_es points out an important problem that Chicanos
face deals with the attitudes that
divide us-particularly envidia.
"It's sad to see how the gringo
laughs at us when we fight over
the crumbs left to us," he says.
"If we have envidia, we won't be·
able to go anywhere."
Another problem Morales said
needs attention is the lack of
untrained leadership. He would
like to develop future leaders and
teach in his classes how to
organize.
"We have to distinguish bet-,.
ween personalities and issues.
It's sad that" our best leader has
to live like a sacrificial lamb
because we w~n 't accept any
leader living off the movement,''
he said .
"Untrained leadership in skills
and envidia are two deep-seeded
problems we must learn to deal
with," says Morales.
Morales hopes in the next five
years or so gente will be more
organized in a concerted effort to
achieve the many civil rights still
denied our Raza.
'Powers that be' speak again-ousted prof reacts
Editor:
eluded that the art department
matter what they should be?" Or
faculty members that did so
During my first year as a
more specifically, ''Should
should not have attempted to
professor of art education at
Fresno State not follow inCSUF, I experienced something
tellectual
pursuits
that
assassinate my professional
that had the peculair nature of a
discourage those provenialisms
reputation, a unanimous vote
great deal of my general excommon in the area that have
was given for my termination.
perience with the educational
evolved from the idea that
The reason -given to me for the
system here. I was conducting a
Mexicans are inferior beings?"
decision to support the reputation
class where student teachers
Not that these attitudes are not to
assassinators was that I "could
under my supervision would
be found · elsewhere. But cernot reach the kind of student that
teach lessons to children from
tainly, there are not many places
they have here." It is not easy to
the community. On one occassion
to be found where like attitudes
guess what kind of student
a child of about five or six years
are more overtly apparent
Fresno State has, only that I
of age was happily running about
through the whole social
cannot reach them. I do not know
scattering paper on the floor . I
hierarchy of an area and its
whether this means that I have
whispered to the child that it
institutions. The idea of a
certain intrinsic lack of abilities,
would be nice if he would stop
university as is found in most
or the students have some inand listen to the student-teacher
well meaning thinkers of the past
trinsic inabilities, or that both thE
and maybe even pick up the
are otherwise. The idea of a · students and I have some inpapers he had scattered. The
university was partly conceived
trinsic inabilities. But it matten
st uden t-te acher, sensing
as a place where intellectual
little, the power that we have
something was wrong with the
pursuits are sought through
have spoken-and after all, it is
way
things were going,
which the general community of
their school.
demanded from the child that he
mankind c~n profit. Fresno State
In order to justify this action,
explain why he was out of his
does not generally fit this
some faculty members and the
seat. The child was momentarily
description and most parchairman of that department
stopped from his pursuit of happy
ticularly in its relation with the
undertook
the
task
of
abandonment but nevertheless
Mexican-American community.
assassinating my professional
· proved his resourcefulness. He
The lack of my acceptance in
credibility. At the risk of sounstopped, looked, pointed at me,
this university was expressed
ding immodest, I can show to
and said to the student-teacher:
even before I arrived here. When
anyone interested that my
" Well, the janitor told me to pick
negotiations on my application
scholarly pursuits have gone well
up the paper." The two Chicana
were takiing place I was told by
beyond that which my chief
student-teachers present and I
the Art Department that they had
accusers themselves have done
had a hearty laugh at my exno funds for my passage from
(keeping in mind of course that
pense whil' the other studentIndiana to Fresno. Therefore, if I
those achievements do not have
teachers remained silent in their
wanted to come for an interview I
to be extensive for this purpose).
embarrassment. I to this day do
would have to do it at my own
N_evertheless, consider that I am
not know whether they were
expense. Andres Alvarado, the .
one of three members out of 24
embarrassed for me or for
affirmative officer at that time,
faculty
that have doctorate
themselves. I would guess,
found the funds for my passage
degr~ (and as far as I know,
however, : that the Chicana
here, much to some in the art
the only Chicano in the country
students were used to being
department's dismay. Ever since
with a doctorate in art
considered in relation with
then it has been a scramble to
education). Also ·consider that I
menial work and were laughing
stave off the attacks from one
at the irony of the situation. The
have taught at the University of
quarter or the other. I must
others, 1 would suppose, saw the
Alabama and Indiana Univeradmit that I have not been a lone
effects of attitudes of their
sity, both of which are ranked as
recipient in this however. I do not
culture toward Chicanos at even
class "A" schools, and have
believe that this lack of acsw-h a tender age. This sort of ceptance is soley based on my received high recommendations
thing is of course no news to any difference of opinion as to what
from them. Fresno State, I have
Chicano professional in this effective art education should be.
been told, is ranked as a class
area-though one can meet some I can give good reasons for what I
"CH school or thereabouts, yet
who will not admit it.
my competence does allegedly
believe. I have never been asked
Some CSUF administrators, ·, to give these reasons nor have
not come up to its standards. It
faculty, and staff certaily reflect my adversaries given theirs. The
would be well to also note,
this attitude to no lesser extent humanities personnel committee
perhaps even more pertinently,
than the surrounding comthat the art department at CSUF
(which includes a member of the
munity. The question that I art department and chief acis not generally noted for its
would like to entertain here then cuser) concluded that I should be
excellence even locally. This is
is: 0 Sbould a university merely terminated at the end of the next
not to be interpreted as an attack
-reflect the attitudes of society no school year. Though they con- on some individual faculty
member whose competence and
integrity
should not
be
questioned but rather on those
who have exalted views of
themselves but are nevertheless
quite ordinary like most of us.
Much more could be said about
all this, but I wish only to set a
basis for some credibility on that
which I wish to say.
, Part of the basis for action
taken against me has come from
some student evaluations which
are easily recognized as contrived. Some student themselves
cannot apparently see me as _;m
authoritative figure. Or ?S
Professor Joyce Aiken of the Art
Department once put it, I am
"not a model for these students ."
This no doubt has some truth to
it. But consider the child who
took me for the janitor-is it
likely that I could ever be a
model for this child? I think not.
Professor Aiken and some of
these students clearly suffer
from that which we will call here
the 'Mexican janitor syndrome.'
The damage is not soley mine_but
for all Chicanos and nonChicanos as well. Elements in the
general community reinforce
these attitudes as well as in the
citadel of knowledge calle.d
CSUF. A man who reflects
Mexicaness cannot become an
authoritative model for those
who see his place as picking
grapes and ; or cleaning the
community. Certainly not one
who expounds on educational
matters close to the heart. Will
Fresno State continue to be a
place where the little boy
mentioned earlier find further
reinforcement to his conditioned
response to Mexicans?
All of this I have come to learn
to expect from part of the
community and some of my
colleagues. But what I have had
to accept most unwillingly is the
realization that I cannot come to
be a person of authoritative
credentials to some Chicano
students by virtue of the fact that
I am Mexican as well. Here we
find a _phenomenon, such as that
which Paulo Friere the writer
tells us about, wereby the oppressed has come to possess the
mentality of the oppressor. The
harm inflicted by the dominant
culture to Mexican self-esteem is
clear. The story can be told even
simpler. Too many, and orie
would be too many, have been
conditioned to see their native
mentality and potential as being
inferior and thusly see themselves as inferior. When that is
the case, it is not easy to see
another Mexican as possibly
having authoritative knowledge
on any subject or content. Hence,
we come to see ourselves as the
dominant r ·iture sees us.
I am not really qualified to give
advice to anyone on how to avoid
the pitfalls laid out for a Chicano
atCSUF. Clearly , I have ot been
able to avoid them myself. In
retrospect, · ow~v ... r , I believe
that new Chicano arriva1s at the
Art Department (which is highly
unlikely) should do one of two
things. Thf ·" should either be
grateful · •r the token employment and act accordrngly or
document every incident for self
protection and ear'· ~stly seek the
support of the
hicano community. Of the la1 )r two things,
the documentation is mote important because work with the
Chican_o community is of no
internal importance in this
department.
I would not be pleas~d f those
from the ,
•:f-': "-. ~·
community with whom .1. have shared
mutual respect and camaraderie
would interpret any of this as
bitterness or lack of esteem for
them. For those who have concern for · me and have shared
common struggles I ask that they ·
lay aside their fears for me. I
have suffered no internal
damage OJ;' am suffering no pangs
of negative self-esteem because
of this. I do not consider it a 'putdown' because of those who say
that I do not belong at Fresno
State with them. In many ways it
is a compliment. Basta la vista.
Dr. Francisco Barrios
con el movimiento
become that which we've fought against for so long
by Arturo Ocampo
It has been more than six years
since the Chicano student outcry
for campus awareness and the
fight for equality accelerated el
movimiento Raza. But Ysidrio
Macias is quick to advise that el
Hugo Morales
Ysldrlo Macias
movimiento is much older than
the days of Chicano Power
chants , and even cries of
"Huelga!"
"The roots of el movimiento
began in pre-Columbian times
with our forefathers: las Mayas,
Olmecas, Toltecas, etc., as they
tried to attain a
selfdetermination and definition of
who, what, and why foey wer.e,"
says Macias who, until this
semester, taught La Razas
Studies courses at CSUF on
Indigena and Movimiento.
He is currently studying to
obtain a law degree.
Macias' perspective is constructed on a foundation of experiences which also helped
instigate the Chicano student
movement in the late 60's and
early 70's. The organization that
came out of it was simply named
El Movimiento Estudiantil
Chicano de Aztlan (MEChA) .
Macias was among the many
Chicano activists fighting for
student rights at the University
of California, in Berkeley in 1969.
Among
the
distinctions
surrounding
Macias '
involvement is the fact he received
the most severe jail sentence
among Chicanos arrested for
their activism at the time. He
was also one of the architects for
El Plan de Santa Barbara, which
outlines el movimiento Chicano
as it pertains to the educational
system. From El Plan springs
the groundwork for MEChA.
But among Macias' greater
interests is la cultura indigena.
He feels there is a need for
students to look beyond their
immediate history and identify
with the roots of nuestra cultura.
"Our Indian ancestors,)laving
become mixed with
the
Spaniards, moved up North
seeking the legendary land of
Axtlan," says Macias. "The
dwindling spark of el movimento
came along with them."
From the time of the mestizo,
on through the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hiualgo, through the
"Mexican-American," and up
until approximately 15 years ago,
the condition of Mejicanos was
not among the most desired. The
struggle was long and slow until
finally Cesar Chavez and the
United Farmworkers Union in
1964 ignited the spark into a
flame.
"This is why the UFW is
onsidered the Mother of the
on t e·m po r a r y Chic an o
ovement," said Macias. "With
this re-awakening, the Chicano
movement on campus also began
to take on challenges of
inequality in the educational
syste~."
Macias said some of their goals
in the late 60's and early 70's
were to re-write history and
academics to reflect a clearer
picture of Raza in the United
States as well as emphasize our
contributions to the southwest; to
dispel negative stereotypes aqout
Chicanos and encourage the
positiveness of being a Chicano
and to encourage Chicanos to
enter college and implement
supportive programs such as the
Educational Opportunity
Program and La Raza Studies ·so
that classes about Chicanos
would nurture the re-birth of our
culture.
While to a certain extent some
of these goals are now being
realized, new goals and perspectives become necessary as a
result. In so doing, new problems
begin to materialize.
Currently, there is little
denying that .Chicanos face many
•
such problems in the continued
struggle for Raza. One which
Macias asserts is of significance
concerns Chicanos falling into a
trap that just because one
possesses a degree (PhD.,
Masters, etc.) one can dictate
over another. Or, as Macias, puts
it, "que tiene la palabra."
But he hopes this period of
introspect on the part of older
Chicanos will encourage younger
Chicanos to take the initiative
and act.
Or, as he so precisely states,
"Are you gonna sit on your ass
and feed off the carcass fought
for by your older carnales, or are
you gonna get the bull by the
horns and get your act
together'?"
.
Macias sees the future of the
movimiento as an alliance of
different people.
"Seguro que nuestra cultura y
raza es algo fina y bonita," he
says. "But we must not gegin to
build a superiority complex for if
we do, we would become our own
enemy. We would become that
which we have been fighting
against for so long.
"No somos los gran chingones,
we are people-not superior not
in(erior to anyone."
Or, as Carlos Castenada quoted
Don Juan in "Tales of Power":
"The.warrior lowers his head to
none, and at the same time, he
doesn't permit anyone to lower
his head to him."
"Just because Dr. John Smith,
or Julano de Tai says something
is so doesn't mean he's right,"
says Macias. "This is ~specially ,
harmful if Chican·os start
manipulating their fellow carnales. This stops the Chicano's
growth which in turn slows down
el movimiento."
Rather, Macias says w~ shouJct'
be questioning and challenging at
all times, contending that at
present el movimiento has
discouraged this as well as "de- .
emphasizing struggle."
He believes ·el movimiento as
present is undergoing an internal
struggle: that former activists
and many "veteranos" are no at
a period of introspect and
reflecting on
what the
movimiento has brought about.
NACSS confab at Berkeley cqmpu.s
The National Association of
Chicano
Socia1
Scientists
(NACSS) will hold their fifth
annual conference on the
,University of California Berkeley
icampus from April 28 to May 1.
; "Chicano Research as a
!catalyst for Social Change," is
the theme in an effort to generate
'a wide-ranging discussion of the
,association and of Chicano
Studies research in general. .
To facilitate this discussion,
the program committee has
organized 'a plenary session on
the politics and philosophy of
NACSS.
Topics which will be under
Change, Chicano Mental Health:
Clinical and Preventive Services,
Current Studies in Chicano
Politics and Political Economy
Issues in Chicano Language
Research, Chicano and the
"National Question.''
La Raza studies
will
l
l
bel
providing transportation for
about 10 students who would like
to attend the conference. Since
there is only a limited amount of
space available, those who are
interested in going should contact La Raza Studies as soon as
possible. Most cars will leave
April 29. Preference will be given
to seniors and juniors.
Discussion by panels and in
workshops include; -Status and
Direction on Research . on
..
......
.
:,:,:•❖: -··
-:
the
older generation
has a lot of stuffy
.ideas...
.
cigarette
smoking is one!
·!
American
Cancer Society
there's
lots of living
and
loving ahead
..
•• ·•
·· .., .
•.
't?ti!
Chicanas,
Labor
Market
Segmentation Theory and the
Chicano,
Pedagorgy
and
Methodology in Chicano Studies,
The Present Status of Chicano
, Studies Programs, The Chicano
Family: Alternative Theoretical
Approaches, The Development of
the Chicano Working Class:
Historical Views, The Political
Economy of the Chicano Experience, Chicano Alternative
Institution Building.
'ftluradaY, April 28,
um
Monday . May 2, 1977
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
Semana
de la
Raza
10:30 a.m.-Proclamation:
Leo Gallegos, Mariachi de la
Tierra
11 :00 a.m.-Parlier High
School Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Cecilio Orosco
12: 00 noon-Los DaI,lzantes de
Aztlan Grupo, Folklorico
1:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie: "El Gallo
de Oro"
Tuesday, May 3
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Sunset Pre-school
'
Schedule of Events
Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Andres Segura
11:00 a.m.-ClovisHilh School
Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Dr . Felix
Gutierrez
:12:00 noon-Comparsa Unlversitaria
1 :00 p.m.-Roosevelt High
School, Marimba Dancers
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie : "Angelitos
Negros"
Wednesday, May 4
9:30 a.m .-Pan Dulce
10 :00 a.m.-Rowell
Elementary School Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Speaker:
Jesus
Leyva
11 :00 a.m.-Sanger High
School Dancers
11 :30 a.m.-Heidi Chavez
12: 00 noon-Tea tro Del
Espiritu
1 :OO p.m.-Chicano
Gong
Show
3:vO p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
An evening program will be
held for the community in the
Amphitheater beginning at
6:00 p.m. Hors d'oeuvres will be
served along with the following
schedule or events:
6:00 p.m.-Assemblyman
Richard Alatorre
7:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
8:00 p.m.-Teatro
Del
Cultural center honors Chi~ano leader'
by Pedro Ramirez
In east Fresno, off of Cedar and
Hamilton avenues, there is a
group of projects (low income
housing). In which stands a
building about the size of a one
story
elementary
school
building. This building is now
being transformed into one of the
most distinguished cultural
centers in the valley, Centro
Catarino Hurtado.
Named after the distinguished
Chicano leader in Fresno, Centro
Catarino Hurtado opened its
doors in February of this year.
Plans for the center at first were
uncertain, however, La Brocha
del Valle is now working on a
mural that will cover all of the
outside walls of the center. The
murals will depict the struggle of
the Chicano.
Ben Garza, the organizer of the
centro, says that they have ·
planned many classes for the
centro. Some of these classes
include art, photography, poetry,
and writing, which is the main
reason for the opening of the
centro, but he adds that volunteer instructors are needed. He
also makes it a point that the
centro is for everyone.
"The purpose of the center,"
adds Garza, "is to serve the
tenants of the projects. If the
tenants have any problems, they
will come to the centro in an
organized manner and discuss
their grievances. Garza says that
before the centro was brought
the tenants of the projects, had
no organization and had no one to
tell their grievances to.
Everyday children visit the
centro who mainly are involved
in art. Garza points out that when
a young child draws an image on
paper that is his artistic talent
developing. This development is
vital to us and his parents
because this shows he can
probably emerge into some other
field. For people in the poor
white, black and Chicano community this is very important.
Although tl:3 center has been
opened for a short time, it
already has run into conflict. A
week ago Garza was not permitted to enter the center
because he failed to submit a
monthly report. Ben Montijo of
the Fresno Housing Authority
says, "the doors were locked
because we needed to know
where our money was going.
Handing in the report would have
told us this, but Mr . Garza failed
to submit it." The center ,
however, was forced open the
next day by Garza . "He was," he
says, "thinking about the activities of the children." The
report was not handed in because
Garza claims that they have not
fully cooperated with them. The
centro has been trying to get
plans underway ,
but can't
because of lack of facilities.
Montijo claims that they funded
them with enough funds and
facilities. The problems that the
centro is experiencing are
common ones. However it's to be
expected of a newly formed
facility. There have been many
accusations against La Brocha,
one being that they mis-manage
their money, and also against the
Housing Authority not showing
full cooperation. These problems
may or may not diminish,
however, Garza says, "if they do
or don't our centro will never
close." The centro in essence is
here to stay. Jt is here to serve
the people. For people that live in
housing tracks, it sometimes is
not pleasant, however, with
centros like this one, these people
can be heard.
The center is in need of people
that are interested in instructing
classes. There is much need for
people at the university to help,
and get involved. If you are interested call 233-8583, and ask for
Ben Garza. Your help will be
appreciated.
Thursday, Mays
9:30 ·a .m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Calwa-EJe-u
mentary School Dancers
10 :30 a.m .-Dolores Huei-taU.F.W.A.
11:00 a.m .-Selma
High
School Dancers I Marimbas
11 :30 a.m.-Dr. Jesus Luna
The following activities will
take place at O'Neill Park-on
the northeast side of the CSUF
campus:
12:00-5:00 p.m.1. Erik White's Elementary
Schoo) Dance Group
2. Musica Nortena
3. Food Bazaar
4. Mariachi
5. Arts and Crafts
6. Games
The Semana de la Raza activities will conclude on ThlD'sday evening with a free dance in
the College Union Lounge
featurin1 Beto Garcia y sus
G.G.'s. The dance will begin at
8:00 . p . m
Cinco de
Mayo
The following are the schedules
of activities planned for Cinco de
Mayo at Fresno City and Reedley
Colleges respectively.
FCC
Wednesday, May 4
11:00 a .m .-Tortilla making
contest, Free Speech area
12:00 noon-Marimba Band
1 :00 p .m .-F.C.C. Folklorico
Dancers
2:00-5:00 p.m.-Teatro
Workshops
Thursday, May 5
9 :00 a.m.- Aldalitas
Cupcake
Sale
10 :00 a.m .-Costume Contest
11:00 a.m.-Charros de Madera
Mariachi
12 : 00 noon-Lunch
1:00 p.m .-Pinata, F ree Speech
area
2:00 p.m.-Teatro de la Tierra
3:00 p.m.-Los Danzantez lndenas de Aztlan
5:00-8:00 p.m.-Student
dance
Friday, May 6
12:00 noon-Chicano
Talent
Show, Speech Music Building,
room 132
1:00 p.m.-Speaker-F rancisco
Gallegos, Speech Music Building,
room 132
7:00 p.m.-Marisela Dancers
8:00 p.m.-Speaker-Dr. Julian
Nava, Social Science Building,
room 132
up
/
E spiritu , Comparsa Universitaria
Documentary
film for Cat
A documentary film will be
presented on the life of Catarino
Hurtado and his contributions to
the Chicano community on
Channel 30 at 6:00 p.m., Sunday,
May 1.
Catarino, a noted Chicano
leader who was instrumental in
starting the Chicano movement
in Fresno, was killed in an auto
accident on Feb. 12, 1977.
The documentary, a half hour
long program, was put together
by Ricardo Duran of the Channel
30 Advisory Committee.
Reedley
Chicano graduation
Tuesday, May 2
12:00 noon-Roosevelt Marimba
Band
exercises I\Aay 20
(Continued from p. 1)
in return for a donation to the
ceremony.
Buttons designed by Salvador
Garcia of La Brocha del Valle
will also be sold at the ~eremony.
Garduque said currently the
committee has names of 100 to
200 Chicanos eligible for participation. A booth will be set ·up
during Semana de la Raza to
Thursday, May 5
12: 00 noon-Karate Exhibi t
1:00 p. m .-Da nce Group-La s
Falmas, cafeteria
provide more information and
enlist more participants.
Any others interested may pick
up applications at one of three
CSUF locations: Tutorial Services (487-2924), La Raza Studies
(4R7-2848), EOP (487-1021, or at
Joyeria Mexico on the Fulton
Mall in downtown Fresno (233· •:•:•:•
0861).
Staff Box
April Editor: Celia Ponce
Editor:
Tom Uribes
Reporters: Cindy Cabrera,
Margaret Esparza, Victor
Martinez, Arturo Ocampo,
Pete Ramirez Angie Rios
❖:•:
:=:1::::::;:::;:::;:;:;:::::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::::::::::·:·~;~~:=:
Baile at
Rainbow kicks
off Semana
The Semana de la Raza
Committee will kick off its annual Cinco de Mayo activities
this Sunday, May 1, 1977 with a
dance to be held at the Rainbow
Ballroom featuring Beto Garcia
y sus G.G.'s and Sabor Del
Ritmo.
According to Sandra Ramirez,
chairperson for the Semana
Committee, "Efforts on putting
together Semana began in
September with only a handful of
students working on this." We
<the committee) selected the
theme of "Chicano Struggles"
for this year's activitiJS because
of a general overview of what
DI-
Chicanos face in today's
society."
Some of the topics includes
"Historical Talk on Cinco de
Mayo" which will be presented
by Dr. Jesus Luna, who is an
instructor at La - Raza Studies
•Office. Jesus Leyva is the
coordinator of Chicano Studies at
the University of California, at
Davis.
Haydee Chavez, works with the
Oakland Police Department in
the Community Relations
Department. She will be talking
on her life experience as a Latina
woman trying to make it in this
world.
<Continued on p.
Apply by M~y 6 ·
· First Chican,o
graduation set
-for May _20
f.A vaz
4>
THURSD~Y, APRIL ZS. 19'11
A special edition of THE OOLLEGIAN, California State University, Fresno
R~vised -CSUF policy cuts
LRS general' educa-tion
With the recent revision of the
university's general education
policies, some students may
become confused about which La
Raza Studies courses are still
good for GE credit, says
program director Alex Saragoza .
"Students contemplating
taking La Raza courses for
general education should keep in
La Vaz art
mind what catalope they came
in on," he said.
"If you get your hands on the
instructor
wrong catalogue, beware."
Martinez.
Only freshmen will be affected
by the new ruling which limits
each department and program to
placing only four courses for GE
credit.
In the past, La Raza Studies
has had six to 10 courses.
However, any students who
entered prior to next fall ( 1977)
may still get credit for courses
listed as requirements in the
catalogue issued the year they
entered -CSUF.
"For example, if a currently
enrolled student wanted to take
my 124 class for credit, and it was
listed in his catalog as a GE
course, that student would stil1
receive credit although 124 is no
longer listed for credit beginning
with the 1977catalogue, "said
Saragoza.
The four courses which qualify
for general education credit are:
-LR 3, Socialization of the
Chicano, instructed by Lea
Ybarra-Soriano;
-LR 5, Chicano Culture, instructed by Dr. Jesus Luna;
-LR 7, Chicano Art Forms,
For the first time a t CSUF, a honorees and their families while
bilingual
comm encement Mariachi de la Tierra provides
ceremony will be held to honor music. Each honoree may bring
graduating Chicano students and three persons from his / her
family but additional persons
their families.
The Chicano Commencement will be expected to pay $1.50.
At 7:30 p .m ., commencement
The deadline date for entrees
Committee recently announced
to be in for the Art Contest
the ceremony will occur May 20 and awards ceremonies will
depicting the Chicano struggle
occur. Following at 9:00 p.m . will
at the Fresno Fairgrounds.
today, has been extended until
The deadline to apply is be a dance featuring Los RainMay 2, at 12 noon .
Friday, May 6.
bows.
La Voz de Aztlan is sponsoring
Admission to the dance is open
It will include a cena (dinner)
the contest in accordance with
' to the public with a minimal
and a dance.
Semana de La Raza. First prize
Tony Garduque , of the , donation requested. Graduates
Educational Op portuni ty will be admitted free . Garduque is $25.00, second prize, $15.00, and
third prize $10.00.
Program (EOP ) and a com~ said the dance will serve as a
The winning drawing will
fundraiser for next year's
mittee co-ordinator, said any
pap£ar as La Voz's front page in
Chicano graduating this spring, ceremony.
Other fundrai_sers Garduque our May issue. Other entrees will
_ this summer , or who had
said are planned include a radio also be published inside La Voz.
graduated from CSUF in F all
dedication show in which people
Drawings must be on 14" X 10"
1976, may participate in the
calling into Spanish-radio or 24" X 34" size white paper and
ceremonies.
stations will have a song played · done in India or dark black ink.
He and his fellow ~o-orclina tors,
Manuel Olgin of Tutorial Ser(Continued on p. 4 )
vices and Ernesto Martinez of La
Raza Studies, conducted a
survey last semester which indicated a positive a ttitude
toward the ceremony.
"Some people took offense to
the idea," said Garduque. " They
felt we were being separatist, but
we're not. The other ceremony
(CSUF's May 18) is too cold cut
A tardeada this Satur:_day and a
Maple and Butler avenues from
and dry. Also, we will emphasize
marathon voter registration
12-6:00 p.m.
honoring the families. "
rally nex · CT •
will highlight
It will include entertainment,
He said the ceremony is not
a
campaign
by
the
San
Joaquin
food,
and various booths.
only to honor the graduates but
Voter Registration Project of
Monday's "Voter Registration
also to generate a role-model for
Fresno.
Marathon" will be held at the
youth.
Intended to register to vote
Fulton Mall (Fulton at .Tulare
In the past, attempts have been
Spanish-surnamed people, the
Street) from 7;30 a.m. until 12
made to initiate a Chicano
SJVRP
is
an
extension
of
a
midnight.
ceremony but it usually fell short
national voter registration drive,
Throughout the week, persons
of its goal due to " a lack of
the Southwest Voter Registration
may register at one of 10 various
organization and serious effort,"
Project of San Antonio, Texas.
locations throughout the city:
according to Garduque.
The local project has been in
Last year, a social reception
existence over a year and its
Fulton Mall (Fulton and Tulare
for the graduates was held in
current campaign began April 9.
Street)
which $200 was raised for this
"Voter Registration Week"
K-Mart (Eastgate: Kings
year's ceremony. Garduque said
began Monday and will continue
Canyon & Maple Avenues)
another $150 had been r aised
until 27 _a<IU. May 2 which is the
Sal Mosqeda Center
through donations by Chica,10
registration
deadline
for
the
Ma~
Ivy
alumni of CSUF.
31 special election.
Sunset Community Center
As a result of such alumni
The election is to fill the Fresno
Hinton Community Center
response, Garduque said the
City Council sea t vacated by Al
King of King s Community
comm ittee
is
considering
Villa when he became Fresno'~
Center
develo pment of a Chicano
second Chicano municipal court
Our Lady of Mount Carmel
Alumni Association as their next
judge last month.
Catholic Church
project.
Cruz Bustamante, Jr., SJVRP
Bethel Lutheran Church
Garduque said any alumni
director, said Saturday's tarSt. John's Cathedral ("R" and
interested in contributing more
deada will be at the Sal
Mariposa Streets)
to thig year 's ceremony may
Mosqueda
Community
Center
at
contacl any of the co-ordinators .
The May 20 program will begin
at 5:30 p.m. with a cena for the
contest-new
deadline
Marathon drive , tardeada rally
Voter Registration highlight week
unnamea u •
yet;
-LR 9, Chicano Art Orientation, instructed by Ernesto
Saragoza said the four-course
cutbacks came as a result of "too
many students getting their GE
in one departmept.''
He is uncert \in of what affect
the ruling will have on the La
Raza Studies curriculum, which
is already under .close scrutiny
by the administration because of
enrollment decline.
"La Raza Studies is being
affected by these university-wide
cutbacks," he said. "Students
play the important role in the
program's health."
The ruling may force the
program to specialize _in lower
division courses and offer more
of what Saragoza terms "pzazz"
courses such as prehispanic
civilization and folklore.
He says one possible impact
would be the increase of Anglo
enrollment in the lower division
cow ~es with GE credit as opposed to upper division courses.
Anglo enrollment has grown to
15 per cent the director reported.
Most of them take the course as
requirements in their majors.
But Saragoza put out the call
for Chicanos to enroll.
"While more and more Anglos
are taking La Raza courses,
Chicanos are still the lifeblood of
the program,'' he said.
"Without their support, we
may be in bad straits in terms of
enrollment. Students should look
at the upper division program to
enrichen their education."
Courses which have been
added to next fall's schedule are:
-LR 109,, Chicano and the
Educational System, instructed
by Teresa Perez;
-LR
110,
Bicultureal
Education, also instructed by
Perez;
LR
111,
Prehispanic
Civilization, instructed by Dr.
Jesus Luna.
, The deadline
for
fall
registration is July 19.
-MEChA to
nominate
officers
Nominations for tQe 1977 fall
semester ME ChA officers will be
taken on Thursday, May 5,
during the MEChA meeting at 12
noon.
All potential caQ_didates will go
through a question and answer
period with the screening
committee. Elections will be held
the week following Semana .
(EDITOR'S NOTE:
Yesterday, a special
seminar was conducted by CSUF.
Chicano students and La Raza
Studies faculty to review the
direction of el movimiento
estudiantil on campus.
Many activists•are urging that
the movement be revitalized,
priorities be restructured, and
commitments be reviewed and
renewed in stride with climate
and pace changes since the
movements early days.
It appears many Chicano
students have taken to "complacency," as described by La
Raza Studies director Alex
Saragoza who last week r~leased
a memorandum to faculty and
students that LRS will now take
the initiative in the area of
student activism.
Numerous .reasons may exist
for the complacency but he told
MEChA that pointing fingers at
who is to blame is of little importance; that the priority is
what to do about it.
Y~terday's seminar was one
step. Another step will occur
shortly in the form of the annual
La Raza Studies retreat. ·
La Voz wishes to contribute to
the move for revitalization by
reprinting the following two
articles from the 1977 Chicano
Youth Conference Brochure. The
articles were written by La Voz
staffer Arturo Ocampo and deal
with the movement and its
history as well as comments
from the persons interviewed.
Letters
:i:;;;:::1:i@·@fJ:l~
• sta mos .comp Ieta ndo
c,E
Movimiento wilt not die if we refuse assimilation,
loss of culture.
by Arturo Ocampo
· "Movimiento is the reaction of
oppressed people against the
oppressor," says .Hugo Morales,
a La Raza Studies professor at
tSUF. ''Movimiento has no time
boundaries. As long as there is
oppression, and there is action
against it, then movimiento
exists."
Morales was born in Mobaca
Mexico, · and is of ·Mixte(:a
heritage. A graduate of Harvard
College, he is distingllished as
one of the first Chicanos to enter
Harvard. Law School. While
there, he organized the Harvard
Radcliffe Raza Law Club.
He came to Fresno last year to
serve on the legal staff of the
Agricultural Labor Relations
Board until it ran out of money in
February, 1976. He interpreted
law and conducted union elections for the board as well as
conducting the investigations
into a unfair labor charges made
by the unions and the growers
against each other.
In Fall 1976, Morales joined the
La Raza Studies faculty here and
taught Movimiento and Contemporary Issues. This Spring,
he will teach Movimiento
Chi_canos in Law, Spanish fo;
Paralegals, and Community
Studies. He serves as advisor to
MEChA and the CSUF Law Club.
Morales believes the reason el
movimiento had more action and
overt power in the 60's was
because there was a spirit of reawakening and, to an extent,
romanticism.
"Today, many of these former
activists have scars from the
movimiento," he says. "Many
have been disillusioned while
others have sought different
manners to reach their goals
such as Marxism. And many
others are introspective at
present.''
He also added that still others
sought to teach younger Chicanos
in all levels of education about
our cultura and historia.
"Hopefully,
the
young
Chicanos will organize in a
concerted effort to fight for our
civil rights," he says. "As long as
Chicanos refuse to assimilate
and refuse to lose our culture, the
movimiento surely will not die."
Moraj_es points out an important problem that Chicanos
face deals with the attitudes that
divide us-particularly envidia.
"It's sad to see how the gringo
laughs at us when we fight over
the crumbs left to us," he says.
"If we have envidia, we won't be·
able to go anywhere."
Another problem Morales said
needs attention is the lack of
untrained leadership. He would
like to develop future leaders and
teach in his classes how to
organize.
"We have to distinguish bet-,.
ween personalities and issues.
It's sad that" our best leader has
to live like a sacrificial lamb
because we w~n 't accept any
leader living off the movement,''
he said .
"Untrained leadership in skills
and envidia are two deep-seeded
problems we must learn to deal
with," says Morales.
Morales hopes in the next five
years or so gente will be more
organized in a concerted effort to
achieve the many civil rights still
denied our Raza.
'Powers that be' speak again-ousted prof reacts
Editor:
eluded that the art department
matter what they should be?" Or
faculty members that did so
During my first year as a
more specifically, ''Should
should not have attempted to
professor of art education at
Fresno State not follow inCSUF, I experienced something
tellectual
pursuits
that
assassinate my professional
that had the peculair nature of a
discourage those provenialisms
reputation, a unanimous vote
great deal of my general excommon in the area that have
was given for my termination.
perience with the educational
evolved from the idea that
The reason -given to me for the
system here. I was conducting a
Mexicans are inferior beings?"
decision to support the reputation
class where student teachers
Not that these attitudes are not to
assassinators was that I "could
under my supervision would
be found · elsewhere. But cernot reach the kind of student that
teach lessons to children from
tainly, there are not many places
they have here." It is not easy to
the community. On one occassion
to be found where like attitudes
guess what kind of student
a child of about five or six years
are more overtly apparent
Fresno State has, only that I
of age was happily running about
through the whole social
cannot reach them. I do not know
scattering paper on the floor . I
hierarchy of an area and its
whether this means that I have
whispered to the child that it
institutions. The idea of a
certain intrinsic lack of abilities,
would be nice if he would stop
university as is found in most
or the students have some inand listen to the student-teacher
well meaning thinkers of the past
trinsic inabilities, or that both thE
and maybe even pick up the
are otherwise. The idea of a · students and I have some inpapers he had scattered. The
university was partly conceived
trinsic inabilities. But it matten
st uden t-te acher, sensing
as a place where intellectual
little, the power that we have
something was wrong with the
pursuits are sought through
have spoken-and after all, it is
way
things were going,
which the general community of
their school.
demanded from the child that he
mankind c~n profit. Fresno State
In order to justify this action,
explain why he was out of his
does not generally fit this
some faculty members and the
seat. The child was momentarily
description and most parchairman of that department
stopped from his pursuit of happy
ticularly in its relation with the
undertook
the
task
of
abandonment but nevertheless
Mexican-American community.
assassinating my professional
· proved his resourcefulness. He
The lack of my acceptance in
credibility. At the risk of sounstopped, looked, pointed at me,
this university was expressed
ding immodest, I can show to
and said to the student-teacher:
even before I arrived here. When
anyone interested that my
" Well, the janitor told me to pick
negotiations on my application
scholarly pursuits have gone well
up the paper." The two Chicana
were takiing place I was told by
beyond that which my chief
student-teachers present and I
the Art Department that they had
accusers themselves have done
had a hearty laugh at my exno funds for my passage from
(keeping in mind of course that
pense whil' the other studentIndiana to Fresno. Therefore, if I
those achievements do not have
teachers remained silent in their
wanted to come for an interview I
to be extensive for this purpose).
embarrassment. I to this day do
would have to do it at my own
N_evertheless, consider that I am
not know whether they were
expense. Andres Alvarado, the .
one of three members out of 24
embarrassed for me or for
affirmative officer at that time,
faculty
that have doctorate
themselves. I would guess,
found the funds for my passage
degr~ (and as far as I know,
however, : that the Chicana
here, much to some in the art
the only Chicano in the country
students were used to being
department's dismay. Ever since
with a doctorate in art
considered in relation with
then it has been a scramble to
education). Also ·consider that I
menial work and were laughing
stave off the attacks from one
at the irony of the situation. The
have taught at the University of
quarter or the other. I must
others, 1 would suppose, saw the
Alabama and Indiana Univeradmit that I have not been a lone
effects of attitudes of their
sity, both of which are ranked as
recipient in this however. I do not
culture toward Chicanos at even
class "A" schools, and have
believe that this lack of acsw-h a tender age. This sort of ceptance is soley based on my received high recommendations
thing is of course no news to any difference of opinion as to what
from them. Fresno State, I have
Chicano professional in this effective art education should be.
been told, is ranked as a class
area-though one can meet some I can give good reasons for what I
"CH school or thereabouts, yet
who will not admit it.
my competence does allegedly
believe. I have never been asked
Some CSUF administrators, ·, to give these reasons nor have
not come up to its standards. It
faculty, and staff certaily reflect my adversaries given theirs. The
would be well to also note,
this attitude to no lesser extent humanities personnel committee
perhaps even more pertinently,
than the surrounding comthat the art department at CSUF
(which includes a member of the
munity. The question that I art department and chief acis not generally noted for its
would like to entertain here then cuser) concluded that I should be
excellence even locally. This is
is: 0 Sbould a university merely terminated at the end of the next
not to be interpreted as an attack
-reflect the attitudes of society no school year. Though they con- on some individual faculty
member whose competence and
integrity
should not
be
questioned but rather on those
who have exalted views of
themselves but are nevertheless
quite ordinary like most of us.
Much more could be said about
all this, but I wish only to set a
basis for some credibility on that
which I wish to say.
, Part of the basis for action
taken against me has come from
some student evaluations which
are easily recognized as contrived. Some student themselves
cannot apparently see me as _;m
authoritative figure. Or ?S
Professor Joyce Aiken of the Art
Department once put it, I am
"not a model for these students ."
This no doubt has some truth to
it. But consider the child who
took me for the janitor-is it
likely that I could ever be a
model for this child? I think not.
Professor Aiken and some of
these students clearly suffer
from that which we will call here
the 'Mexican janitor syndrome.'
The damage is not soley mine_but
for all Chicanos and nonChicanos as well. Elements in the
general community reinforce
these attitudes as well as in the
citadel of knowledge calle.d
CSUF. A man who reflects
Mexicaness cannot become an
authoritative model for those
who see his place as picking
grapes and ; or cleaning the
community. Certainly not one
who expounds on educational
matters close to the heart. Will
Fresno State continue to be a
place where the little boy
mentioned earlier find further
reinforcement to his conditioned
response to Mexicans?
All of this I have come to learn
to expect from part of the
community and some of my
colleagues. But what I have had
to accept most unwillingly is the
realization that I cannot come to
be a person of authoritative
credentials to some Chicano
students by virtue of the fact that
I am Mexican as well. Here we
find a _phenomenon, such as that
which Paulo Friere the writer
tells us about, wereby the oppressed has come to possess the
mentality of the oppressor. The
harm inflicted by the dominant
culture to Mexican self-esteem is
clear. The story can be told even
simpler. Too many, and orie
would be too many, have been
conditioned to see their native
mentality and potential as being
inferior and thusly see themselves as inferior. When that is
the case, it is not easy to see
another Mexican as possibly
having authoritative knowledge
on any subject or content. Hence,
we come to see ourselves as the
dominant r ·iture sees us.
I am not really qualified to give
advice to anyone on how to avoid
the pitfalls laid out for a Chicano
atCSUF. Clearly , I have ot been
able to avoid them myself. In
retrospect, · ow~v ... r , I believe
that new Chicano arriva1s at the
Art Department (which is highly
unlikely) should do one of two
things. Thf ·" should either be
grateful · •r the token employment and act accordrngly or
document every incident for self
protection and ear'· ~stly seek the
support of the
hicano community. Of the la1 )r two things,
the documentation is mote important because work with the
Chican_o community is of no
internal importance in this
department.
I would not be pleas~d f those
from the ,
•:f-': "-. ~·
community with whom .1. have shared
mutual respect and camaraderie
would interpret any of this as
bitterness or lack of esteem for
them. For those who have concern for · me and have shared
common struggles I ask that they ·
lay aside their fears for me. I
have suffered no internal
damage OJ;' am suffering no pangs
of negative self-esteem because
of this. I do not consider it a 'putdown' because of those who say
that I do not belong at Fresno
State with them. In many ways it
is a compliment. Basta la vista.
Dr. Francisco Barrios
con el movimiento
become that which we've fought against for so long
by Arturo Ocampo
It has been more than six years
since the Chicano student outcry
for campus awareness and the
fight for equality accelerated el
movimiento Raza. But Ysidrio
Macias is quick to advise that el
Hugo Morales
Ysldrlo Macias
movimiento is much older than
the days of Chicano Power
chants , and even cries of
"Huelga!"
"The roots of el movimiento
began in pre-Columbian times
with our forefathers: las Mayas,
Olmecas, Toltecas, etc., as they
tried to attain a
selfdetermination and definition of
who, what, and why foey wer.e,"
says Macias who, until this
semester, taught La Razas
Studies courses at CSUF on
Indigena and Movimiento.
He is currently studying to
obtain a law degree.
Macias' perspective is constructed on a foundation of experiences which also helped
instigate the Chicano student
movement in the late 60's and
early 70's. The organization that
came out of it was simply named
El Movimiento Estudiantil
Chicano de Aztlan (MEChA) .
Macias was among the many
Chicano activists fighting for
student rights at the University
of California, in Berkeley in 1969.
Among
the
distinctions
surrounding
Macias '
involvement is the fact he received
the most severe jail sentence
among Chicanos arrested for
their activism at the time. He
was also one of the architects for
El Plan de Santa Barbara, which
outlines el movimiento Chicano
as it pertains to the educational
system. From El Plan springs
the groundwork for MEChA.
But among Macias' greater
interests is la cultura indigena.
He feels there is a need for
students to look beyond their
immediate history and identify
with the roots of nuestra cultura.
"Our Indian ancestors,)laving
become mixed with
the
Spaniards, moved up North
seeking the legendary land of
Axtlan," says Macias. "The
dwindling spark of el movimento
came along with them."
From the time of the mestizo,
on through the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hiualgo, through the
"Mexican-American," and up
until approximately 15 years ago,
the condition of Mejicanos was
not among the most desired. The
struggle was long and slow until
finally Cesar Chavez and the
United Farmworkers Union in
1964 ignited the spark into a
flame.
"This is why the UFW is
onsidered the Mother of the
on t e·m po r a r y Chic an o
ovement," said Macias. "With
this re-awakening, the Chicano
movement on campus also began
to take on challenges of
inequality in the educational
syste~."
Macias said some of their goals
in the late 60's and early 70's
were to re-write history and
academics to reflect a clearer
picture of Raza in the United
States as well as emphasize our
contributions to the southwest; to
dispel negative stereotypes aqout
Chicanos and encourage the
positiveness of being a Chicano
and to encourage Chicanos to
enter college and implement
supportive programs such as the
Educational Opportunity
Program and La Raza Studies ·so
that classes about Chicanos
would nurture the re-birth of our
culture.
While to a certain extent some
of these goals are now being
realized, new goals and perspectives become necessary as a
result. In so doing, new problems
begin to materialize.
Currently, there is little
denying that .Chicanos face many
•
such problems in the continued
struggle for Raza. One which
Macias asserts is of significance
concerns Chicanos falling into a
trap that just because one
possesses a degree (PhD.,
Masters, etc.) one can dictate
over another. Or, as Macias, puts
it, "que tiene la palabra."
But he hopes this period of
introspect on the part of older
Chicanos will encourage younger
Chicanos to take the initiative
and act.
Or, as he so precisely states,
"Are you gonna sit on your ass
and feed off the carcass fought
for by your older carnales, or are
you gonna get the bull by the
horns and get your act
together'?"
.
Macias sees the future of the
movimiento as an alliance of
different people.
"Seguro que nuestra cultura y
raza es algo fina y bonita," he
says. "But we must not gegin to
build a superiority complex for if
we do, we would become our own
enemy. We would become that
which we have been fighting
against for so long.
"No somos los gran chingones,
we are people-not superior not
in(erior to anyone."
Or, as Carlos Castenada quoted
Don Juan in "Tales of Power":
"The.warrior lowers his head to
none, and at the same time, he
doesn't permit anyone to lower
his head to him."
"Just because Dr. John Smith,
or Julano de Tai says something
is so doesn't mean he's right,"
says Macias. "This is ~specially ,
harmful if Chican·os start
manipulating their fellow carnales. This stops the Chicano's
growth which in turn slows down
el movimiento."
Rather, Macias says w~ shouJct'
be questioning and challenging at
all times, contending that at
present el movimiento has
discouraged this as well as "de- .
emphasizing struggle."
He believes ·el movimiento as
present is undergoing an internal
struggle: that former activists
and many "veteranos" are no at
a period of introspect and
reflecting on
what the
movimiento has brought about.
NACSS confab at Berkeley cqmpu.s
The National Association of
Chicano
Socia1
Scientists
(NACSS) will hold their fifth
annual conference on the
,University of California Berkeley
icampus from April 28 to May 1.
; "Chicano Research as a
!catalyst for Social Change," is
the theme in an effort to generate
'a wide-ranging discussion of the
,association and of Chicano
Studies research in general. .
To facilitate this discussion,
the program committee has
organized 'a plenary session on
the politics and philosophy of
NACSS.
Topics which will be under
Change, Chicano Mental Health:
Clinical and Preventive Services,
Current Studies in Chicano
Politics and Political Economy
Issues in Chicano Language
Research, Chicano and the
"National Question.''
La Raza studies
will
l
l
bel
providing transportation for
about 10 students who would like
to attend the conference. Since
there is only a limited amount of
space available, those who are
interested in going should contact La Raza Studies as soon as
possible. Most cars will leave
April 29. Preference will be given
to seniors and juniors.
Discussion by panels and in
workshops include; -Status and
Direction on Research . on
..
......
.
:,:,:•❖: -··
-:
the
older generation
has a lot of stuffy
.ideas...
.
cigarette
smoking is one!
·!
American
Cancer Society
there's
lots of living
and
loving ahead
..
•• ·•
·· .., .
•.
't?ti!
Chicanas,
Labor
Market
Segmentation Theory and the
Chicano,
Pedagorgy
and
Methodology in Chicano Studies,
The Present Status of Chicano
, Studies Programs, The Chicano
Family: Alternative Theoretical
Approaches, The Development of
the Chicano Working Class:
Historical Views, The Political
Economy of the Chicano Experience, Chicano Alternative
Institution Building.
'ftluradaY, April 28,
um
Monday . May 2, 1977
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
Semana
de la
Raza
10:30 a.m.-Proclamation:
Leo Gallegos, Mariachi de la
Tierra
11 :00 a.m.-Parlier High
School Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Cecilio Orosco
12: 00 noon-Los DaI,lzantes de
Aztlan Grupo, Folklorico
1:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie: "El Gallo
de Oro"
Tuesday, May 3
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Sunset Pre-school
'
Schedule of Events
Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Andres Segura
11:00 a.m.-ClovisHilh School
Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Dr . Felix
Gutierrez
:12:00 noon-Comparsa Unlversitaria
1 :00 p.m.-Roosevelt High
School, Marimba Dancers
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie : "Angelitos
Negros"
Wednesday, May 4
9:30 a.m .-Pan Dulce
10 :00 a.m.-Rowell
Elementary School Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Speaker:
Jesus
Leyva
11 :00 a.m.-Sanger High
School Dancers
11 :30 a.m.-Heidi Chavez
12: 00 noon-Tea tro Del
Espiritu
1 :OO p.m.-Chicano
Gong
Show
3:vO p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
An evening program will be
held for the community in the
Amphitheater beginning at
6:00 p.m. Hors d'oeuvres will be
served along with the following
schedule or events:
6:00 p.m.-Assemblyman
Richard Alatorre
7:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
8:00 p.m.-Teatro
Del
Cultural center honors Chi~ano leader'
by Pedro Ramirez
In east Fresno, off of Cedar and
Hamilton avenues, there is a
group of projects (low income
housing). In which stands a
building about the size of a one
story
elementary
school
building. This building is now
being transformed into one of the
most distinguished cultural
centers in the valley, Centro
Catarino Hurtado.
Named after the distinguished
Chicano leader in Fresno, Centro
Catarino Hurtado opened its
doors in February of this year.
Plans for the center at first were
uncertain, however, La Brocha
del Valle is now working on a
mural that will cover all of the
outside walls of the center. The
murals will depict the struggle of
the Chicano.
Ben Garza, the organizer of the
centro, says that they have ·
planned many classes for the
centro. Some of these classes
include art, photography, poetry,
and writing, which is the main
reason for the opening of the
centro, but he adds that volunteer instructors are needed. He
also makes it a point that the
centro is for everyone.
"The purpose of the center,"
adds Garza, "is to serve the
tenants of the projects. If the
tenants have any problems, they
will come to the centro in an
organized manner and discuss
their grievances. Garza says that
before the centro was brought
the tenants of the projects, had
no organization and had no one to
tell their grievances to.
Everyday children visit the
centro who mainly are involved
in art. Garza points out that when
a young child draws an image on
paper that is his artistic talent
developing. This development is
vital to us and his parents
because this shows he can
probably emerge into some other
field. For people in the poor
white, black and Chicano community this is very important.
Although tl:3 center has been
opened for a short time, it
already has run into conflict. A
week ago Garza was not permitted to enter the center
because he failed to submit a
monthly report. Ben Montijo of
the Fresno Housing Authority
says, "the doors were locked
because we needed to know
where our money was going.
Handing in the report would have
told us this, but Mr . Garza failed
to submit it." The center ,
however, was forced open the
next day by Garza . "He was," he
says, "thinking about the activities of the children." The
report was not handed in because
Garza claims that they have not
fully cooperated with them. The
centro has been trying to get
plans underway ,
but can't
because of lack of facilities.
Montijo claims that they funded
them with enough funds and
facilities. The problems that the
centro is experiencing are
common ones. However it's to be
expected of a newly formed
facility. There have been many
accusations against La Brocha,
one being that they mis-manage
their money, and also against the
Housing Authority not showing
full cooperation. These problems
may or may not diminish,
however, Garza says, "if they do
or don't our centro will never
close." The centro in essence is
here to stay. Jt is here to serve
the people. For people that live in
housing tracks, it sometimes is
not pleasant, however, with
centros like this one, these people
can be heard.
The center is in need of people
that are interested in instructing
classes. There is much need for
people at the university to help,
and get involved. If you are interested call 233-8583, and ask for
Ben Garza. Your help will be
appreciated.
Thursday, Mays
9:30 ·a .m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Calwa-EJe-u
mentary School Dancers
10 :30 a.m .-Dolores Huei-taU.F.W.A.
11:00 a.m .-Selma
High
School Dancers I Marimbas
11 :30 a.m.-Dr. Jesus Luna
The following activities will
take place at O'Neill Park-on
the northeast side of the CSUF
campus:
12:00-5:00 p.m.1. Erik White's Elementary
Schoo) Dance Group
2. Musica Nortena
3. Food Bazaar
4. Mariachi
5. Arts and Crafts
6. Games
The Semana de la Raza activities will conclude on ThlD'sday evening with a free dance in
the College Union Lounge
featurin1 Beto Garcia y sus
G.G.'s. The dance will begin at
8:00 . p . m
Cinco de
Mayo
The following are the schedules
of activities planned for Cinco de
Mayo at Fresno City and Reedley
Colleges respectively.
FCC
Wednesday, May 4
11:00 a .m .-Tortilla making
contest, Free Speech area
12:00 noon-Marimba Band
1 :00 p .m .-F.C.C. Folklorico
Dancers
2:00-5:00 p.m.-Teatro
Workshops
Thursday, May 5
9 :00 a.m.- Aldalitas
Cupcake
Sale
10 :00 a.m .-Costume Contest
11:00 a.m.-Charros de Madera
Mariachi
12 : 00 noon-Lunch
1:00 p.m .-Pinata, F ree Speech
area
2:00 p.m.-Teatro de la Tierra
3:00 p.m.-Los Danzantez lndenas de Aztlan
5:00-8:00 p.m.-Student
dance
Friday, May 6
12:00 noon-Chicano
Talent
Show, Speech Music Building,
room 132
1:00 p.m.-Speaker-F rancisco
Gallegos, Speech Music Building,
room 132
7:00 p.m.-Marisela Dancers
8:00 p.m.-Speaker-Dr. Julian
Nava, Social Science Building,
room 132
up
/
E spiritu , Comparsa Universitaria
Documentary
film for Cat
A documentary film will be
presented on the life of Catarino
Hurtado and his contributions to
the Chicano community on
Channel 30 at 6:00 p.m., Sunday,
May 1.
Catarino, a noted Chicano
leader who was instrumental in
starting the Chicano movement
in Fresno, was killed in an auto
accident on Feb. 12, 1977.
The documentary, a half hour
long program, was put together
by Ricardo Duran of the Channel
30 Advisory Committee.
Reedley
Chicano graduation
Tuesday, May 2
12:00 noon-Roosevelt Marimba
Band
exercises I\Aay 20
(Continued from p. 1)
in return for a donation to the
ceremony.
Buttons designed by Salvador
Garcia of La Brocha del Valle
will also be sold at the ~eremony.
Garduque said currently the
committee has names of 100 to
200 Chicanos eligible for participation. A booth will be set ·up
during Semana de la Raza to
Thursday, May 5
12: 00 noon-Karate Exhibi t
1:00 p. m .-Da nce Group-La s
Falmas, cafeteria
provide more information and
enlist more participants.
Any others interested may pick
up applications at one of three
CSUF locations: Tutorial Services (487-2924), La Raza Studies
(4R7-2848), EOP (487-1021, or at
Joyeria Mexico on the Fulton
Mall in downtown Fresno (233· •:•:•:•
0861).
Staff Box
April Editor: Celia Ponce
Editor:
Tom Uribes
Reporters: Cindy Cabrera,
Margaret Esparza, Victor
Martinez, Arturo Ocampo,
Pete Ramirez Angie Rios
❖:•:
:=:1::::::;:::;:::;:;:;:::::::::::::::.::::::::::::::::::::::::·:·~;~~:=:
Rainbow kicks
off Semana
The Semana de la Raza
Committee will kick off its annual Cinco de Mayo activities
this Sunday, May 1, 1977 with a
dance to be held at the Rainbow
Ballroom featuring Beto Garcia
y sus G.G.'s and Sabor Del
Ritmo.
According to Sandra Ramirez,
chairperson for the Semana
Committee, "Efforts on putting
together Semana began in
September with only a handful of
students working on this." We
<the committee) selected the
theme of "Chicano Struggles"
for this year's activitiJS because
of a general overview of what
DI-
Chicanos face in today's
society."
Some of the topics includes
"Historical Talk on Cinco de
Mayo" which will be presented
by Dr. Jesus Luna, who is an
instructor at La - Raza Studies
•Office. Jesus Leyva is the
coordinator of Chicano Studies at
the University of California, at
Davis.
Haydee Chavez, works with the
Oakland Police Department in
the Community Relations
Department. She will be talking
on her life experience as a Latina
woman trying to make it in this
world.
<Continued on p.
Apply by M~y 6 ·
· First Chican,o
graduation set
-for May _20
f.A vaz
4>
THURSD~Y, APRIL ZS. 19'11
A special edition of THE OOLLEGIAN, California State University, Fresno
R~vised -CSUF policy cuts
LRS general' educa-tion
With the recent revision of the
university's general education
policies, some students may
become confused about which La
Raza Studies courses are still
good for GE credit, says
program director Alex Saragoza .
"Students contemplating
taking La Raza courses for
general education should keep in
La Vaz art
mind what catalope they came
in on," he said.
"If you get your hands on the
instructor
wrong catalogue, beware."
Martinez.
Only freshmen will be affected
by the new ruling which limits
each department and program to
placing only four courses for GE
credit.
In the past, La Raza Studies
has had six to 10 courses.
However, any students who
entered prior to next fall ( 1977)
may still get credit for courses
listed as requirements in the
catalogue issued the year they
entered -CSUF.
"For example, if a currently
enrolled student wanted to take
my 124 class for credit, and it was
listed in his catalog as a GE
course, that student would stil1
receive credit although 124 is no
longer listed for credit beginning
with the 1977catalogue, "said
Saragoza.
The four courses which qualify
for general education credit are:
-LR 3, Socialization of the
Chicano, instructed by Lea
Ybarra-Soriano;
-LR 5, Chicano Culture, instructed by Dr. Jesus Luna;
-LR 7, Chicano Art Forms,
For the first time a t CSUF, a honorees and their families while
bilingual
comm encement Mariachi de la Tierra provides
ceremony will be held to honor music. Each honoree may bring
graduating Chicano students and three persons from his / her
family but additional persons
their families.
The Chicano Commencement will be expected to pay $1.50.
At 7:30 p .m ., commencement
The deadline date for entrees
Committee recently announced
to be in for the Art Contest
the ceremony will occur May 20 and awards ceremonies will
depicting the Chicano struggle
occur. Following at 9:00 p.m . will
at the Fresno Fairgrounds.
today, has been extended until
The deadline to apply is be a dance featuring Los RainMay 2, at 12 noon .
Friday, May 6.
bows.
La Voz de Aztlan is sponsoring
Admission to the dance is open
It will include a cena (dinner)
the contest in accordance with
' to the public with a minimal
and a dance.
Semana de La Raza. First prize
Tony Garduque , of the , donation requested. Graduates
Educational Op portuni ty will be admitted free . Garduque is $25.00, second prize, $15.00, and
third prize $10.00.
Program (EOP ) and a com~ said the dance will serve as a
The winning drawing will
fundraiser for next year's
mittee co-ordinator, said any
pap£ar as La Voz's front page in
Chicano graduating this spring, ceremony.
Other fundrai_sers Garduque our May issue. Other entrees will
_ this summer , or who had
said are planned include a radio also be published inside La Voz.
graduated from CSUF in F all
dedication show in which people
Drawings must be on 14" X 10"
1976, may participate in the
calling into Spanish-radio or 24" X 34" size white paper and
ceremonies.
stations will have a song played · done in India or dark black ink.
He and his fellow ~o-orclina tors,
Manuel Olgin of Tutorial Ser(Continued on p. 4 )
vices and Ernesto Martinez of La
Raza Studies, conducted a
survey last semester which indicated a positive a ttitude
toward the ceremony.
"Some people took offense to
the idea," said Garduque. " They
felt we were being separatist, but
we're not. The other ceremony
(CSUF's May 18) is too cold cut
A tardeada this Satur:_day and a
Maple and Butler avenues from
and dry. Also, we will emphasize
marathon voter registration
12-6:00 p.m.
honoring the families. "
rally nex · CT •
will highlight
It will include entertainment,
He said the ceremony is not
a
campaign
by
the
San
Joaquin
food,
and various booths.
only to honor the graduates but
Voter Registration Project of
Monday's "Voter Registration
also to generate a role-model for
Fresno.
Marathon" will be held at the
youth.
Intended to register to vote
Fulton Mall (Fulton at .Tulare
In the past, attempts have been
Spanish-surnamed people, the
Street) from 7;30 a.m. until 12
made to initiate a Chicano
SJVRP
is
an
extension
of
a
midnight.
ceremony but it usually fell short
national voter registration drive,
Throughout the week, persons
of its goal due to " a lack of
the Southwest Voter Registration
may register at one of 10 various
organization and serious effort,"
Project of San Antonio, Texas.
locations throughout the city:
according to Garduque.
The local project has been in
Last year, a social reception
existence over a year and its
Fulton Mall (Fulton and Tulare
for the graduates was held in
current campaign began April 9.
Street)
which $200 was raised for this
"Voter Registration Week"
K-Mart (Eastgate: Kings
year's ceremony. Garduque said
began Monday and will continue
Canyon & Maple Avenues)
another $150 had been r aised
until 27 _a<IU. May 2 which is the
Sal Mosqeda Center
through donations by Chica,10
registration
deadline
for
the
Ma~
Ivy
alumni of CSUF.
31 special election.
Sunset Community Center
As a result of such alumni
The election is to fill the Fresno
Hinton Community Center
response, Garduque said the
City Council sea t vacated by Al
King of King s Community
comm ittee
is
considering
Villa when he became Fresno'~
Center
develo pment of a Chicano
second Chicano municipal court
Our Lady of Mount Carmel
Alumni Association as their next
judge last month.
Catholic Church
project.
Cruz Bustamante, Jr., SJVRP
Bethel Lutheran Church
Garduque said any alumni
director, said Saturday's tarSt. John's Cathedral ("R" and
interested in contributing more
deada will be at the Sal
Mariposa Streets)
to thig year 's ceremony may
Mosqueda
Community
Center
at
contacl any of the co-ordinators .
The May 20 program will begin
at 5:30 p.m. with a cena for the
contest-new
deadline
Marathon drive , tardeada rally
Voter Registration highlight week
unnamea u •
yet;
-LR 9, Chicano Art Orientation, instructed by Ernesto
Saragoza said the four-course
cutbacks came as a result of "too
many students getting their GE
in one departmept.''
He is uncert \in of what affect
the ruling will have on the La
Raza Studies curriculum, which
is already under .close scrutiny
by the administration because of
enrollment decline.
"La Raza Studies is being
affected by these university-wide
cutbacks," he said. "Students
play the important role in the
program's health."
The ruling may force the
program to specialize _in lower
division courses and offer more
of what Saragoza terms "pzazz"
courses such as prehispanic
civilization and folklore.
He says one possible impact
would be the increase of Anglo
enrollment in the lower division
cow ~es with GE credit as opposed to upper division courses.
Anglo enrollment has grown to
15 per cent the director reported.
Most of them take the course as
requirements in their majors.
But Saragoza put out the call
for Chicanos to enroll.
"While more and more Anglos
are taking La Raza courses,
Chicanos are still the lifeblood of
the program,'' he said.
"Without their support, we
may be in bad straits in terms of
enrollment. Students should look
at the upper division program to
enrichen their education."
Courses which have been
added to next fall's schedule are:
-LR 109,, Chicano and the
Educational System, instructed
by Teresa Perez;
-LR
110,
Bicultureal
Education, also instructed by
Perez;
LR
111,
Prehispanic
Civilization, instructed by Dr.
Jesus Luna.
, The deadline
for
fall
registration is July 19.
-MEChA to
nominate
officers
Nominations for tQe 1977 fall
semester ME ChA officers will be
taken on Thursday, May 5,
during the MEChA meeting at 12
noon.
All potential caQ_didates will go
through a question and answer
period with the screening
committee. Elections will be held
the week following Semana .
(EDITOR'S NOTE:
Yesterday, a special
seminar was conducted by CSUF.
Chicano students and La Raza
Studies faculty to review the
direction of el movimiento
estudiantil on campus.
Many activists•are urging that
the movement be revitalized,
priorities be restructured, and
commitments be reviewed and
renewed in stride with climate
and pace changes since the
movements early days.
It appears many Chicano
students have taken to "complacency," as described by La
Raza Studies director Alex
Saragoza who last week r~leased
a memorandum to faculty and
students that LRS will now take
the initiative in the area of
student activism.
Numerous .reasons may exist
for the complacency but he told
MEChA that pointing fingers at
who is to blame is of little importance; that the priority is
what to do about it.
Y~terday's seminar was one
step. Another step will occur
shortly in the form of the annual
La Raza Studies retreat. ·
La Voz wishes to contribute to
the move for revitalization by
reprinting the following two
articles from the 1977 Chicano
Youth Conference Brochure. The
articles were written by La Voz
staffer Arturo Ocampo and deal
with the movement and its
history as well as comments
from the persons interviewed.
Letters
:i:;;;:::1:i@·@fJ:l~
• sta mos .comp Ieta ndo
c,E
Movimiento wilt not die if we refuse assimilation,
loss of culture.
by Arturo Ocampo
· "Movimiento is the reaction of
oppressed people against the
oppressor," says .Hugo Morales,
a La Raza Studies professor at
tSUF. ''Movimiento has no time
boundaries. As long as there is
oppression, and there is action
against it, then movimiento
exists."
Morales was born in Mobaca
Mexico, · and is of ·Mixte(:a
heritage. A graduate of Harvard
College, he is distingllished as
one of the first Chicanos to enter
Harvard. Law School. While
there, he organized the Harvard
Radcliffe Raza Law Club.
He came to Fresno last year to
serve on the legal staff of the
Agricultural Labor Relations
Board until it ran out of money in
February, 1976. He interpreted
law and conducted union elections for the board as well as
conducting the investigations
into a unfair labor charges made
by the unions and the growers
against each other.
In Fall 1976, Morales joined the
La Raza Studies faculty here and
taught Movimiento and Contemporary Issues. This Spring,
he will teach Movimiento
Chi_canos in Law, Spanish fo;
Paralegals, and Community
Studies. He serves as advisor to
MEChA and the CSUF Law Club.
Morales believes the reason el
movimiento had more action and
overt power in the 60's was
because there was a spirit of reawakening and, to an extent,
romanticism.
"Today, many of these former
activists have scars from the
movimiento," he says. "Many
have been disillusioned while
others have sought different
manners to reach their goals
such as Marxism. And many
others are introspective at
present.''
He also added that still others
sought to teach younger Chicanos
in all levels of education about
our cultura and historia.
"Hopefully,
the
young
Chicanos will organize in a
concerted effort to fight for our
civil rights," he says. "As long as
Chicanos refuse to assimilate
and refuse to lose our culture, the
movimiento surely will not die."
Moraj_es points out an important problem that Chicanos
face deals with the attitudes that
divide us-particularly envidia.
"It's sad to see how the gringo
laughs at us when we fight over
the crumbs left to us," he says.
"If we have envidia, we won't be·
able to go anywhere."
Another problem Morales said
needs attention is the lack of
untrained leadership. He would
like to develop future leaders and
teach in his classes how to
organize.
"We have to distinguish bet-,.
ween personalities and issues.
It's sad that" our best leader has
to live like a sacrificial lamb
because we w~n 't accept any
leader living off the movement,''
he said .
"Untrained leadership in skills
and envidia are two deep-seeded
problems we must learn to deal
with," says Morales.
Morales hopes in the next five
years or so gente will be more
organized in a concerted effort to
achieve the many civil rights still
denied our Raza.
'Powers that be' speak again-ousted prof reacts
Editor:
eluded that the art department
matter what they should be?" Or
faculty members that did so
During my first year as a
more specifically, ''Should
should not have attempted to
professor of art education at
Fresno State not follow inCSUF, I experienced something
tellectual
pursuits
that
assassinate my professional
that had the peculair nature of a
discourage those provenialisms
reputation, a unanimous vote
great deal of my general excommon in the area that have
was given for my termination.
perience with the educational
evolved from the idea that
The reason -given to me for the
system here. I was conducting a
Mexicans are inferior beings?"
decision to support the reputation
class where student teachers
Not that these attitudes are not to
assassinators was that I "could
under my supervision would
be found · elsewhere. But cernot reach the kind of student that
teach lessons to children from
tainly, there are not many places
they have here." It is not easy to
the community. On one occassion
to be found where like attitudes
guess what kind of student
a child of about five or six years
are more overtly apparent
Fresno State has, only that I
of age was happily running about
through the whole social
cannot reach them. I do not know
scattering paper on the floor . I
hierarchy of an area and its
whether this means that I have
whispered to the child that it
institutions. The idea of a
certain intrinsic lack of abilities,
would be nice if he would stop
university as is found in most
or the students have some inand listen to the student-teacher
well meaning thinkers of the past
trinsic inabilities, or that both thE
and maybe even pick up the
are otherwise. The idea of a · students and I have some inpapers he had scattered. The
university was partly conceived
trinsic inabilities. But it matten
st uden t-te acher, sensing
as a place where intellectual
little, the power that we have
something was wrong with the
pursuits are sought through
have spoken-and after all, it is
way
things were going,
which the general community of
their school.
demanded from the child that he
mankind c~n profit. Fresno State
In order to justify this action,
explain why he was out of his
does not generally fit this
some faculty members and the
seat. The child was momentarily
description and most parchairman of that department
stopped from his pursuit of happy
ticularly in its relation with the
undertook
the
task
of
abandonment but nevertheless
Mexican-American community.
assassinating my professional
· proved his resourcefulness. He
The lack of my acceptance in
credibility. At the risk of sounstopped, looked, pointed at me,
this university was expressed
ding immodest, I can show to
and said to the student-teacher:
even before I arrived here. When
anyone interested that my
" Well, the janitor told me to pick
negotiations on my application
scholarly pursuits have gone well
up the paper." The two Chicana
were takiing place I was told by
beyond that which my chief
student-teachers present and I
the Art Department that they had
accusers themselves have done
had a hearty laugh at my exno funds for my passage from
(keeping in mind of course that
pense whil' the other studentIndiana to Fresno. Therefore, if I
those achievements do not have
teachers remained silent in their
wanted to come for an interview I
to be extensive for this purpose).
embarrassment. I to this day do
would have to do it at my own
N_evertheless, consider that I am
not know whether they were
expense. Andres Alvarado, the .
one of three members out of 24
embarrassed for me or for
affirmative officer at that time,
faculty
that have doctorate
themselves. I would guess,
found the funds for my passage
degr~ (and as far as I know,
however, : that the Chicana
here, much to some in the art
the only Chicano in the country
students were used to being
department's dismay. Ever since
with a doctorate in art
considered in relation with
then it has been a scramble to
education). Also ·consider that I
menial work and were laughing
stave off the attacks from one
at the irony of the situation. The
have taught at the University of
quarter or the other. I must
others, 1 would suppose, saw the
Alabama and Indiana Univeradmit that I have not been a lone
effects of attitudes of their
sity, both of which are ranked as
recipient in this however. I do not
culture toward Chicanos at even
class "A" schools, and have
believe that this lack of acsw-h a tender age. This sort of ceptance is soley based on my received high recommendations
thing is of course no news to any difference of opinion as to what
from them. Fresno State, I have
Chicano professional in this effective art education should be.
been told, is ranked as a class
area-though one can meet some I can give good reasons for what I
"CH school or thereabouts, yet
who will not admit it.
my competence does allegedly
believe. I have never been asked
Some CSUF administrators, ·, to give these reasons nor have
not come up to its standards. It
faculty, and staff certaily reflect my adversaries given theirs. The
would be well to also note,
this attitude to no lesser extent humanities personnel committee
perhaps even more pertinently,
than the surrounding comthat the art department at CSUF
(which includes a member of the
munity. The question that I art department and chief acis not generally noted for its
would like to entertain here then cuser) concluded that I should be
excellence even locally. This is
is: 0 Sbould a university merely terminated at the end of the next
not to be interpreted as an attack
-reflect the attitudes of society no school year. Though they con- on some individual faculty
member whose competence and
integrity
should not
be
questioned but rather on those
who have exalted views of
themselves but are nevertheless
quite ordinary like most of us.
Much more could be said about
all this, but I wish only to set a
basis for some credibility on that
which I wish to say.
, Part of the basis for action
taken against me has come from
some student evaluations which
are easily recognized as contrived. Some student themselves
cannot apparently see me as _;m
authoritative figure. Or ?S
Professor Joyce Aiken of the Art
Department once put it, I am
"not a model for these students ."
This no doubt has some truth to
it. But consider the child who
took me for the janitor-is it
likely that I could ever be a
model for this child? I think not.
Professor Aiken and some of
these students clearly suffer
from that which we will call here
the 'Mexican janitor syndrome.'
The damage is not soley mine_but
for all Chicanos and nonChicanos as well. Elements in the
general community reinforce
these attitudes as well as in the
citadel of knowledge calle.d
CSUF. A man who reflects
Mexicaness cannot become an
authoritative model for those
who see his place as picking
grapes and ; or cleaning the
community. Certainly not one
who expounds on educational
matters close to the heart. Will
Fresno State continue to be a
place where the little boy
mentioned earlier find further
reinforcement to his conditioned
response to Mexicans?
All of this I have come to learn
to expect from part of the
community and some of my
colleagues. But what I have had
to accept most unwillingly is the
realization that I cannot come to
be a person of authoritative
credentials to some Chicano
students by virtue of the fact that
I am Mexican as well. Here we
find a _phenomenon, such as that
which Paulo Friere the writer
tells us about, wereby the oppressed has come to possess the
mentality of the oppressor. The
harm inflicted by the dominant
culture to Mexican self-esteem is
clear. The story can be told even
simpler. Too many, and orie
would be too many, have been
conditioned to see their native
mentality and potential as being
inferior and thusly see themselves as inferior. When that is
the case, it is not easy to see
another Mexican as possibly
having authoritative knowledge
on any subject or content. Hence,
we come to see ourselves as the
dominant r ·iture sees us.
I am not really qualified to give
advice to anyone on how to avoid
the pitfalls laid out for a Chicano
atCSUF. Clearly , I have ot been
able to avoid them myself. In
retrospect, · ow~v ... r , I believe
that new Chicano arriva1s at the
Art Department (which is highly
unlikely) should do one of two
things. Thf ·" should either be
grateful · •r the token employment and act accordrngly or
document every incident for self
protection and ear'· ~stly seek the
support of the
hicano community. Of the la1 )r two things,
the documentation is mote important because work with the
Chican_o community is of no
internal importance in this
department.
I would not be pleas~d f those
from the ,
•:f-': "-. ~·
community with whom .1. have shared
mutual respect and camaraderie
would interpret any of this as
bitterness or lack of esteem for
them. For those who have concern for · me and have shared
common struggles I ask that they ·
lay aside their fears for me. I
have suffered no internal
damage OJ;' am suffering no pangs
of negative self-esteem because
of this. I do not consider it a 'putdown' because of those who say
that I do not belong at Fresno
State with them. In many ways it
is a compliment. Basta la vista.
Dr. Francisco Barrios
con el movimiento
become that which we've fought against for so long
by Arturo Ocampo
It has been more than six years
since the Chicano student outcry
for campus awareness and the
fight for equality accelerated el
movimiento Raza. But Ysidrio
Macias is quick to advise that el
Hugo Morales
Ysldrlo Macias
movimiento is much older than
the days of Chicano Power
chants , and even cries of
"Huelga!"
"The roots of el movimiento
began in pre-Columbian times
with our forefathers: las Mayas,
Olmecas, Toltecas, etc., as they
tried to attain a
selfdetermination and definition of
who, what, and why foey wer.e,"
says Macias who, until this
semester, taught La Razas
Studies courses at CSUF on
Indigena and Movimiento.
He is currently studying to
obtain a law degree.
Macias' perspective is constructed on a foundation of experiences which also helped
instigate the Chicano student
movement in the late 60's and
early 70's. The organization that
came out of it was simply named
El Movimiento Estudiantil
Chicano de Aztlan (MEChA) .
Macias was among the many
Chicano activists fighting for
student rights at the University
of California, in Berkeley in 1969.
Among
the
distinctions
surrounding
Macias '
involvement is the fact he received
the most severe jail sentence
among Chicanos arrested for
their activism at the time. He
was also one of the architects for
El Plan de Santa Barbara, which
outlines el movimiento Chicano
as it pertains to the educational
system. From El Plan springs
the groundwork for MEChA.
But among Macias' greater
interests is la cultura indigena.
He feels there is a need for
students to look beyond their
immediate history and identify
with the roots of nuestra cultura.
"Our Indian ancestors,)laving
become mixed with
the
Spaniards, moved up North
seeking the legendary land of
Axtlan," says Macias. "The
dwindling spark of el movimento
came along with them."
From the time of the mestizo,
on through the Treaty of
Guadalupe Hiualgo, through the
"Mexican-American," and up
until approximately 15 years ago,
the condition of Mejicanos was
not among the most desired. The
struggle was long and slow until
finally Cesar Chavez and the
United Farmworkers Union in
1964 ignited the spark into a
flame.
"This is why the UFW is
onsidered the Mother of the
on t e·m po r a r y Chic an o
ovement," said Macias. "With
this re-awakening, the Chicano
movement on campus also began
to take on challenges of
inequality in the educational
syste~."
Macias said some of their goals
in the late 60's and early 70's
were to re-write history and
academics to reflect a clearer
picture of Raza in the United
States as well as emphasize our
contributions to the southwest; to
dispel negative stereotypes aqout
Chicanos and encourage the
positiveness of being a Chicano
and to encourage Chicanos to
enter college and implement
supportive programs such as the
Educational Opportunity
Program and La Raza Studies ·so
that classes about Chicanos
would nurture the re-birth of our
culture.
While to a certain extent some
of these goals are now being
realized, new goals and perspectives become necessary as a
result. In so doing, new problems
begin to materialize.
Currently, there is little
denying that .Chicanos face many
•
such problems in the continued
struggle for Raza. One which
Macias asserts is of significance
concerns Chicanos falling into a
trap that just because one
possesses a degree (PhD.,
Masters, etc.) one can dictate
over another. Or, as Macias, puts
it, "que tiene la palabra."
But he hopes this period of
introspect on the part of older
Chicanos will encourage younger
Chicanos to take the initiative
and act.
Or, as he so precisely states,
"Are you gonna sit on your ass
and feed off the carcass fought
for by your older carnales, or are
you gonna get the bull by the
horns and get your act
together'?"
.
Macias sees the future of the
movimiento as an alliance of
different people.
"Seguro que nuestra cultura y
raza es algo fina y bonita," he
says. "But we must not gegin to
build a superiority complex for if
we do, we would become our own
enemy. We would become that
which we have been fighting
against for so long.
"No somos los gran chingones,
we are people-not superior not
in(erior to anyone."
Or, as Carlos Castenada quoted
Don Juan in "Tales of Power":
"The.warrior lowers his head to
none, and at the same time, he
doesn't permit anyone to lower
his head to him."
"Just because Dr. John Smith,
or Julano de Tai says something
is so doesn't mean he's right,"
says Macias. "This is ~specially ,
harmful if Chican·os start
manipulating their fellow carnales. This stops the Chicano's
growth which in turn slows down
el movimiento."
Rather, Macias says w~ shouJct'
be questioning and challenging at
all times, contending that at
present el movimiento has
discouraged this as well as "de- .
emphasizing struggle."
He believes ·el movimiento as
present is undergoing an internal
struggle: that former activists
and many "veteranos" are no at
a period of introspect and
reflecting on
what the
movimiento has brought about.
NACSS confab at Berkeley cqmpu.s
The National Association of
Chicano
Socia1
Scientists
(NACSS) will hold their fifth
annual conference on the
,University of California Berkeley
icampus from April 28 to May 1.
; "Chicano Research as a
!catalyst for Social Change," is
the theme in an effort to generate
'a wide-ranging discussion of the
,association and of Chicano
Studies research in general. .
To facilitate this discussion,
the program committee has
organized 'a plenary session on
the politics and philosophy of
NACSS.
Topics which will be under
Change, Chicano Mental Health:
Clinical and Preventive Services,
Current Studies in Chicano
Politics and Political Economy
Issues in Chicano Language
Research, Chicano and the
"National Question.''
La Raza studies
will
l
l
bel
providing transportation for
about 10 students who would like
to attend the conference. Since
there is only a limited amount of
space available, those who are
interested in going should contact La Raza Studies as soon as
possible. Most cars will leave
April 29. Preference will be given
to seniors and juniors.
Discussion by panels and in
workshops include; -Status and
Direction on Research . on
..
......
.
:,:,:•❖: -··
-:
the
older generation
has a lot of stuffy
.ideas...
.
cigarette
smoking is one!
·!
American
Cancer Society
there's
lots of living
and
loving ahead
..
•• ·•
·· .., .
•.
't?ti!
Chicanas,
Labor
Market
Segmentation Theory and the
Chicano,
Pedagorgy
and
Methodology in Chicano Studies,
The Present Status of Chicano
, Studies Programs, The Chicano
Family: Alternative Theoretical
Approaches, The Development of
the Chicano Working Class:
Historical Views, The Political
Economy of the Chicano Experience, Chicano Alternative
Institution Building.
'ftluradaY, April 28,
um
Monday . May 2, 1977
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
Semana
de la
Raza
10:30 a.m.-Proclamation:
Leo Gallegos, Mariachi de la
Tierra
11 :00 a.m.-Parlier High
School Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Cecilio Orosco
12: 00 noon-Los DaI,lzantes de
Aztlan Grupo, Folklorico
1:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie: "El Gallo
de Oro"
Tuesday, May 3
9:30 a.m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Sunset Pre-school
'
Schedule of Events
Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Andres Segura
11:00 a.m.-ClovisHilh School
Dancers
11:30 a.m.-Dr . Felix
Gutierrez
:12:00 noon-Comparsa Unlversitaria
1 :00 p.m.-Roosevelt High
School, Marimba Dancers
2:00 p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
7:00 p.m.-Trio Los Faros
8:00 p.m.-Movie : "Angelitos
Negros"
Wednesday, May 4
9:30 a.m .-Pan Dulce
10 :00 a.m.-Rowell
Elementary School Dancers
10:30 a.m.-Speaker:
Jesus
Leyva
11 :00 a.m.-Sanger High
School Dancers
11 :30 a.m.-Heidi Chavez
12: 00 noon-Tea tro Del
Espiritu
1 :OO p.m.-Chicano
Gong
Show
3:vO p.m.-Video Tapes on the
Chicano Movement
An evening program will be
held for the community in the
Amphitheater beginning at
6:00 p.m. Hors d'oeuvres will be
served along with the following
schedule or events:
6:00 p.m.-Assemblyman
Richard Alatorre
7:00 p.m.-Mariachi De La
Tierra
8:00 p.m.-Teatro
Del
Cultural center honors Chi~ano leader'
by Pedro Ramirez
In east Fresno, off of Cedar and
Hamilton avenues, there is a
group of projects (low income
housing). In which stands a
building about the size of a one
story
elementary
school
building. This building is now
being transformed into one of the
most distinguished cultural
centers in the valley, Centro
Catarino Hurtado.
Named after the distinguished
Chicano leader in Fresno, Centro
Catarino Hurtado opened its
doors in February of this year.
Plans for the center at first were
uncertain, however, La Brocha
del Valle is now working on a
mural that will cover all of the
outside walls of the center. The
murals will depict the struggle of
the Chicano.
Ben Garza, the organizer of the
centro, says that they have ·
planned many classes for the
centro. Some of these classes
include art, photography, poetry,
and writing, which is the main
reason for the opening of the
centro, but he adds that volunteer instructors are needed. He
also makes it a point that the
centro is for everyone.
"The purpose of the center,"
adds Garza, "is to serve the
tenants of the projects. If the
tenants have any problems, they
will come to the centro in an
organized manner and discuss
their grievances. Garza says that
before the centro was brought
the tenants of the projects, had
no organization and had no one to
tell their grievances to.
Everyday children visit the
centro who mainly are involved
in art. Garza points out that when
a young child draws an image on
paper that is his artistic talent
developing. This development is
vital to us and his parents
because this shows he can
probably emerge into some other
field. For people in the poor
white, black and Chicano community this is very important.
Although tl:3 center has been
opened for a short time, it
already has run into conflict. A
week ago Garza was not permitted to enter the center
because he failed to submit a
monthly report. Ben Montijo of
the Fresno Housing Authority
says, "the doors were locked
because we needed to know
where our money was going.
Handing in the report would have
told us this, but Mr . Garza failed
to submit it." The center ,
however, was forced open the
next day by Garza . "He was," he
says, "thinking about the activities of the children." The
report was not handed in because
Garza claims that they have not
fully cooperated with them. The
centro has been trying to get
plans underway ,
but can't
because of lack of facilities.
Montijo claims that they funded
them with enough funds and
facilities. The problems that the
centro is experiencing are
common ones. However it's to be
expected of a newly formed
facility. There have been many
accusations against La Brocha,
one being that they mis-manage
their money, and also against the
Housing Authority not showing
full cooperation. These problems
may or may not diminish,
however, Garza says, "if they do
or don't our centro will never
close." The centro in essence is
here to stay. Jt is here to serve
the people. For people that live in
housing tracks, it sometimes is
not pleasant, however, with
centros like this one, these people
can be heard.
The center is in need of people
that are interested in instructing
classes. There is much need for
people at the university to help,
and get involved. If you are interested call 233-8583, and ask for
Ben Garza. Your help will be
appreciated.
Thursday, Mays
9:30 ·a .m.-Pan Dulce
10:00 a.m.-Calwa-EJe-u
mentary School Dancers
10 :30 a.m .-Dolores Huei-taU.F.W.A.
11:00 a.m .-Selma
High
School Dancers I Marimbas
11 :30 a.m.-Dr. Jesus Luna
The following activities will
take place at O'Neill Park-on
the northeast side of the CSUF
campus:
12:00-5:00 p.m.1. Erik White's Elementary
Schoo) Dance Group
2. Musica Nortena
3. Food Bazaar
4. Mariachi
5. Arts and Crafts
6. Games
The Semana de la Raza activities will conclude on ThlD'sday evening with a free dance in
the College Union Lounge
featurin1 Beto Garcia y sus
G.G.'s. The dance will begin at
8:00 . p . m
Cinco de
Mayo
The following are the schedules
of activities planned for Cinco de
Mayo at Fresno City and Reedley
Colleges respectively.
FCC
Wednesday, May 4
11:00 a .m .-Tortilla making
contest, Free Speech area
12:00 noon-Marimba Band
1 :00 p .m .-F.C.C. Folklorico
Dancers
2:00-5:00 p.m.-Teatro
Workshops
Thursday, May 5
9 :00 a.m.- Aldalitas
Cupcake
Sale
10 :00 a.m .-Costume Contest
11:00 a.m.-Charros de Madera
Mariachi
12 : 00 noon-Lunch
1:00 p.m .-Pinata, F ree Speech
area
2:00 p.m.-Teatro de la Tierra
3:00 p.m.-Los Danzantez lndenas de Aztlan
5:00-8:00 p.m.-Student
dance
Friday, May 6
12:00 noon-Chicano
Talent
Show, Speech Music Building,
room 132
1:00 p.m.-Speaker-F rancisco
Gallegos, Speech Music Building,
room 132
7:00 p.m.-Marisela Dancers
8:00 p.m.-Speaker-Dr. Julian
Nava, Social Science Building,
room 132
up
/
E spiritu , Comparsa Universitaria
Documentary
film for Cat
A documentary film will be
presented on the life of Catarino
Hurtado and his contributions to
the Chicano community on
Channel 30 at 6:00 p.m., Sunday,
May 1.
Catarino, a noted Chicano
leader who was instrumental in
starting the Chicano movement
in Fresno, was killed in an auto
accident on Feb. 12, 1977.
The documentary, a half hour
long program, was put together
by Ricardo Duran of the Channel
30 Advisory Committee.
Reedley
Chicano graduation
Tuesday, May 2
12:00 noon-Roosevelt Marimba
Band
exercises I\Aay 20
(Continued from p. 1)
in return for a donation to the
ceremony.
Buttons designed by Salvador
Garcia of La Brocha del Valle
will also be sold at the ~eremony.
Garduque said currently the
committee has names of 100 to
200 Chicanos eligible for participation. A booth will be set ·up
during Semana de la Raza to
Thursday, May 5
12: 00 noon-Karate Exhibi t
1:00 p. m .-Da nce Group-La s
Falmas, cafeteria
provide more information and
enlist more participants.
Any others interested may pick
up applications at one of three
CSUF locations: Tutorial Services (487-2924), La Raza Studies
(4R7-2848), EOP (487-1021, or at
Joyeria Mexico on the Fulton
Mall in downtown Fresno (233· •:•:•:•
0861).
Staff Box
April Editor: Celia Ponce
Editor:
Tom Uribes
Reporters: Cindy Cabrera,
Margaret Esparza, Victor
Martinez, Arturo Ocampo,
Pete Ramirez Angie Rios
❖:•:
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