La Voz de Aztlan, April 30 1973
Item
Title
La Voz de Aztlan, April 30 1973
Creator
Associated Students of Fresno State
Relation
La Voz de Aztlan (Daily Collegian, California State University, Fresno)
Coverage
Fresno, California
Date
4/30/1973
Format
PDF
Identifier
SCUA_lvda_00040
extracted text
·The background of Semana de la Raza
Every fifth o! May Puebla, the original •ctty of the
Angels" in the Western Hemisphere awakens to a
glorious day, a day which has won her the proud name
o! •Puebla la heroica. • For this is the commemoration
of the Batalla del Cinco de Mayo, May 5, 1862, when
Puebla repulsed a French attack. Around eleven in the
morning the school children of Puebla, decked out in
their uniformes de gala (dress uniforms) decorated with
identifying ribbons, march for four hours in a five mile
long parade through the center of the city. When the
parade reaches the zocalo (central plaza) the units of
the various schools march past the state and municipal
officials and salute them. The rest of the day is spent
in a grand fiesta with many of the citizens gaily dressed
in regional costumes, while bands play throughout the
city. There is dancing in the zocalo and other plazas.
At ten in the evening, the •combate de flores" (the
flower battle, an ancient Aztec tradition) takes place.
People throng to. the zocalo and adjoining streets throwing flowers at each other and present bouquets to
friends and strangers alike. Later, there are many
glittering private parties to cap the festivities.
During the day, the Mexican Army stages a sham
battle on the Cerro de Guadalupe, atop which stands the
fort, now a historical museum, which was the core of.
Puebla's defenses.
Throughout the Mexican Nation similar events take
place; and, in the ancient Aztec villege of Penon (the
rock), in the suburbs of Mexico City, a classic play is
enacted with a cast of public officials, soldiers, and
musicians. Not only does thE!"long drama follow closely
the historical events, but it contains long quotations from
the various diplomatic pronouncements and treaties which
preceded and followed the battle.
One may well ask why all the festivities, and thereby
hangs a glorious and interesting tale of intrigue, adventure, derring-do. and heroic patriotism. From 1858
to 1861, Mexico was wracked by a sanguinary and destructive civil war, the Guerra de la Reforma or Guerra
de Tres Anos. The conflict was a showdown between
the Jacobin radicals who called themselves puros and
the ultraconservative religious elements. They were all
Catholics, but they disagreed violently on the relations
between Church and State, as well as on the nature of the
State itself. The Liberals (as the puros were officially
called) favored a federalized republic and rejected their
Indo-Spanish-Catholic culture in favor of the Anglooriented-Protestant one of the United States. The Conservatives preferred a unitary republic on the French
model or a recreation of the Spanish monarchial state,
as well as the Europeonization of Mexican culture. To
bring about their ends, both sides courted foreign intervention: the Liberals that of the United States, the Conservatives that of France.
At the conclusion of the Guerra de la Reforma, which
the Liberals won with the aid of the United States, President Benito Juarez surveyed the ~orry state of his
country, drained physically and emotionally and utterly
devastated by a fratricidal war. Small surprise, then,
. that President Juarez declared a two-year moratorium
on the payment of Mexico's foreign debt. Although the
decision was dictated by absolute necessity, it }Vas catastrophic, for it furnished a pretext for foreign intervention. The time was propitious, for the. United States, itself embroiled in the bloody struggle between the Union
and Confederate forces, was in no position to enforce
the Monroe Doctrine which not only decried intervention
by non-American powers, but specifically banned the
further extension of the monarchical system inAmerica.
Napoleo.n III, Emperor of the French, had long dreamed
of a Catholic Latin American Empire which would counteract the Protestant Anglo-oriented United States. Also,
he was influenced by the dazzling vision of Mexican
riches dangled before his eyes by such Mexican exiles
as the ex-Liberal General Juan Almonte, the royalist
Jose ·Maria Gutierrez Estrada, and the ambitious Jose
Manuel Hidalgo who had distinguished himself against
the American invaders at the Battle of Churubusco in
1847. He was also influenced by his bastard half-brother,
the Due de Morny, who was a partner of J. B. Jecker,
a Swiss banker who held Mexican government bonds
worth fifteen million pesos.
Napoleon III prevailed on Britain and Spain to agree on
forcibly pressing their respective claims againstMexico
by means of a joint diplomatic mission backed by a powerful punitive expedition • . • a form of international
intimidation of small powers by large ones -commonly
(Continued on Page 2, Col. 1)
Semana d·e la Raza
celebration begins
Today signals the beginning of the Annual Semana De La Raza
celebration. To the Mexican it means celebrating the start of the long
and bloody revolution against the French in which final victory belonged to the Mexican people led by Don Benito Juarez. For the
Chicano it symbolizes the dedication to the proud heritage which has
enhanced our culture. Semana is for everyone and its success depends on your support and participation. QUE VIVA LA RAZA
UNIDA!
de
TODAY
DIA DE LA CULTURA
El dia De La Cultura was developed as part of Semana De La
Raza to provide an awareness of the Mexican Culture that surrounds
the contemporary Chicano. Through the Spanish language, Art,
Music , Literature and Dance, La Culture is a rich combination
of the Indio and the Estanol. The celebration of La Cultura .is
a Celebration of all that makes up La Raza. When we recognize
the contributions that the Mexican Culture has made to the life
of the Chicano and the life of the Southwest, we also recognize
the beauty, w·armth, and glory .of Mexico.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
10:40 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
10:00 Noon
1:00 P,M.
2:00 P.M.
Desayuno - (Brunch) College Union Lower Lounge
Proclamation by Al Villa, Attorney at Law, and City
Councilman, City of Fresno. College Union Lounge.
Dedication by Guadalupe De La Cruz, FSU Student
Body President. College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Mr. Manuel Pineda, Mexican Revolution
veteran and poet. College Union Lounge.
Danzantes de Aztlan, FSU dance group. CollegeUnion
Lounge.
Speaker -- Julio Cesar Gramajo, well known radio
and TV personality and poet from Guatemala. College
Union Lounge.
- Entertainment - Juan Mejicano and Los Hermanos
Navarro (singers). College Union Lounge.
TUESDAY
DIA DEL CAMPESINO
Throughout the history of the Chicano, we see a constant struggle
against the injustices suffered by the campesino. Through their
sacrifice and dedication, much has been done to improve the working
conditions which exist for farmworkers. It is because of their neverending fight to abolish working inequities, and their symbolic struggle
for justice that we dedicate Tue~day - El Dia De Los campesinos.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
11:30 A.M.
12:00 Noon
1:00 P.M.
1:15 P.M.
Desayuno. College Union Lower Lounge.
Film - "Campamiento," the struggle of the Chilean
campesino. College Union, room 312-314.
Speaker - Al Sorondo, member of Chicano Faculty and
Staff Association, CSUF. tollege Union Lounge.
Entertainment - CSUF Teatro, political satire acts.
College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Jose Rubio, UFW representative. College
Union Lounge.
Film - "Desicion at Delano," grape strike. College
Union, room 312-314.
Jose Alvarez, Sanger CommuRity organizer. College
Union Lounge.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
APRIL 30 - MAY 5
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
LXXVll / 123
CALI FORNI A STATE UNIVERSITY, FRESNQ
MONDAY, APRIL 30, 1973
Elections today: BSU withdraws
support of Hill, now backs Schmidt
The Black Student Union has
withdrawn its support of ASB
Presidential candidate Thomas
Hill.
Elections for all ASB posts are
being held today with booths in the
Free Speech Area, near San Ramon One, behind the Health Center, and in the quad between the
Social Science, Business and EdPsych Buildings.
Except for the booth in the Free
Speech Area, which closes at 7
p. m., all booths will close at
5 p.m.
Joe Guagliardo, election committee chairman, is having the
booths staffed by faculty wives
and the votes counted by the McLane High School Key Club. The
vote counting begins at 7:30 in the
International Room of the Cafeteria.
Last Wednesday, in the absence
of BSU President Thomas Williams, the BSU voted to support
Hill over the other four candidates, Keith Endsley, George
Na.gel, Michael Rocca and Kurt
Schmidt. Nagel has since withdrawn from the race and has not
yet indicated who he will support.
However, on Friday after Williams had returned to campus,
Eddie Gist, "acting president,. of
the group, issued a statement:
"BSU withdraws its support of
Thomas Hill as ASB President
and now supports and endorses
Kurt Schmidt for ASB President.
"We feel that Kurt is better
qualified to serve as president
for all minority students."
Asked why BSU had shifted its
support , Gist replied, "The reasoning is that Chicanos and
Blacks don't see eye to eye. We
don't feel that Hill will have an
open ear to all minority stu-
dents."
The action appears to be a .
final split between BSU and
MECHA, the Chicano group headed by Hill.
Before campaigning started, an
informal coalition was formed
(Continued on Page 4, Col. 4)
Eledion booth, signs damaged;
•
Nagel withdraws from race
fulfill the responsibility of the
The election booth belonging
office. It's more than a full time
to ASB presidential candidate
Thomas Hill was burned last · job and I wouldn't be 2.ble to
graduate next year if I won," he
night around 11 p.m.
said.
According to campus security,
Nagel also said that he was
there are no suspects and no
the "victim of 1unjust and unfair
leads. The booth was not denews reporting" by The Daily
stroyed; however, all the signs
Collegian. •1•ve never been able
displayed on the structure were
to overcome the negative pubconsumed. The smell of gasoline
licity which, in some cases, I
was apparent.
feel was editorializing."
Kurt Schmidt, one of . llill's
Nagel was referring to an aropponents, reported that many
ticle in last Tuesday's Daily
of his campaign signs were also
Collegian which reported that he,
destroyed late last night, forcing
him to make duplicate posters :Michael Rocca and Keith Endsley
were not •expected to mount vithis morning.
Some signs of other candidates able campaigns."
Nagel said that •this particular
were destroyed in an indiscrimincident is just another example
inate manner.
ASE presidential candidate of the general poqr quality of The
George Nagel withdrew early this Daily Collegian this semester, a
sentiment thousands of other stumorning, citing academic presdi<.•nts probably share. I don't know
sures as reasons for his action.
(':ontinued on Page 4, Col. 4)
•1 don't think I will be able to
2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Monday, April 30, 1973
History of Cinco
(Continued from Page l) ·
referred to in diplomatic and military circles as •showing the nag." When indulged in between major powers,
it is known less euphemistically as •rattling the sword."
Hts plan was ratified officially in the Longon Convention
on October 31, 1861 •. By this agreement the contracting
partt-es pledged themselves to respect the territorial integrity of .the Republic of Mexico. There were no provisions for changing . Mexico's form of government.
On January 9, 1862, the tripartite envoys, Count Dubois
de Saligny, General Juan Prim and Sir Charles Wyke,
met at Vera Cruz to discuss their claims. It soon became
clear that Spain and Britain's claims were just, whereas
France demanded the honoring of' the. Jecker bonds (the
. Due de Morny was to get thirty per cent) and an additional twelve million pesos in cash. France wanted no questions asked. She was unwilling or unable to furnish
valid proof.
Nevertheless, President Juarez and his representatives treated the tripartite expedition with courtesy and
consideration. Not only did he allow them to occupy Vera
Cruz unopposed but, by the Treaty of La Doledad, allowed the foreign troops to move fro·m the oppressive
heat of the disease-ridden •Hot Land" to the healthier
CHARTER FLIGHTS
de Mayo
climate of the Mexican Plateau, near Puebla. The allies
agreed to retreat to Vera Cruz, should hostilities break
out.
France's exorbitant demands and the rudely inflexible
attitude of Dubois de Saligny, who was a stooge of the
Due de Morny, soon caused a personality clash between
the French envoy and General Prim. Sir Charles Wyke
sided with the Spanish general. Tempers reached the
breaking point when the French· landed General Almonte.
and other Mexican imperial agents to engage in subversive activities under the protection of the nag of
France. At the urging of their representatives, Spain and
Britain recalled their expeditionary forces.
Napolean III then ordered the Commander in Chief of
his invading army, General Charles F. Latrille, Count
of Laurencez, to take Mexico City and overthrow the
Government of Mexico. On this occasion, as in almost
every instance in the French Intervention in Mexico,
France forgot her vaunted devotion to honor. General
Lurencez violated the treaty of Soledad and marched
directly towards Puebla, where an army under General
Ignacio Zaragoza blocked the way to the capital.
Juarez's choice of General Zaragoza to repel the
Juan Corona's
EUROPE
During "La Semana De La Ra-
za" there will be programs and
dealing with different
BRUSSELS I. speakers
aspects of our culture, including
S279.
art, music and dancing.
Along with these programs will
be many speaking out against the
ROUND TRIP-
injustices our people have suffered in the past and continue to
suffer at the present time.
One of our speakers is a man
who has witnessed the pain and
frustration of institutional racism and has seen his brother,
Health c_
a re program by
SPECIAL
LOW AIR FARES ON
INTER-EUROPEAN FLIGHTS
ISRAEL ~ AFRICA • ASIA
Family Health Services
The Family Health Service
Project is offering a new puhlic
INTERNATIONAL 1.0. CARDS
service designed to respond to
low-income families , in the
STUDENT EURORAIL PASSES
planned variation areas.
These flights are open to
Fresno County Econom ic OpStudents, Faculty, Staff
portunities Commission is -the
Employees, and their
applicant organization and will
immediate family .
administer th~ project through
CALL NOW . . .
; Family Planning.Charles II . Kyle
is the Project Director.
The F a mily Health ser vices
DETACH AND MAIL TODAY
•Project will provide a com preHealth Care P rogram in
(HARTER FLI GHTS INT. ilheocnsive
alized faciliti es to as s ure res995 MARKET STREET
i de11ts of th e Fresno City target
SAN F.RANCISCO, CA 94103
ALSO AVAILABLE--
(415) 392-8512
------------
Please mail me info r mat ion on fli gh ts
" You r C loses t F l o r i1-,f"
Name:----------- ■
Condits
A(l dress: ----------- ■
i'~~c
City,State,Zip: - - - - - - - -
Cedar & Shields Ph . 227-3564
Financial
HOWERS & GIAS
F i n est Co rs a ge s & Flora l Make- up
Independence
With
areas accessibility to medical
services for the entire family.
Evening clinics will make it
easier to bring the whole family.
The neighborhood clinics will
provide physical examinations,
VD testing, lab testing,healthin- .
formation .and referrals, pre- and
post-natal care . Health Education , better health practices and
preventative medici ne will be
e ncouraged, It is hoped that residents won't wait unti l they are
si ck before visiting the clini c. A
regular che ck,-up can'often preve nt s erious illnes s .
The scheduling fo r the clinics
will · be · held Monday through
Thursday fr om 6 p. m. to 10 p.m.
For mor e inform ation call 48 58 180 . Call to make an appointment today!
274 N. 1st
Fint _________
~, ,l9
Comer
at Mc:J{enzie
.
·
Household
Services
Juan Corona, unjustly arrested,
tried and convicted of a crime
too fantastic for anyone alone to
commit. Since then, Pedro Corona and other supporters have
launched what has become a nationwide drive to defend his
brother.
The Juan Corona Defense Committee has rece.ived funds from
as far away as Georgia. Committees have been set up in Texas, Colorado, Arizona and California, and at the same time _Pedro Corona was speaking in Parlier April 8, 1973, Reis Tejerina
was gathering support for Juan
at a mass rally in Albuquerque,
N.M .
-
While Pedro Corona was in
Parlier , C res Hernandez of the
Semana De La Raza committee
was able to sign a contract for
Pedro to speak on campus Thursday , May 3, at 8 p.m. in the Cafeteria .
The re is no need to give any of
the background as to why P edro
has picked up the crusade to save
his b rothe r.
We hav.e all felt
injusti ces in one form or another.
Sinre we know how he fee ls , let 's
give our s uppo r t in the fight
against the in stitutional racism
fqu nd in American courts .
For th ose of yo u who are still
dou bters, attend his ta lk . He
wil l be able to give a full account
of wha t really happ,med to his
BLOOD PLASMA
DONORS NEEDED
HELP SELF
Many have ·found employment
through Domestique Household
Services. Here is your chance to
work when you want at a good
salary. No more selling door-t~
door or hasslint · with l~ng lines of
waiting c1,1stomers.
Domestique
Household Services . places you in
private homes. This· temporary services agency provides opportunities
for contact with a variety of people.
Clients are available - Immediate
positions are open. P}:ione 233-7351
for an appointment.
General Laurencez, on the contrary, had formed a poor
concept of the Mexican soldier. When the bedraggied men
of the Conservative guerrilla leader, General Lorenzo
Marquez, straggled into his camp, the French general
noted they were barefooted, half-naked, and ill-armed.
Never having seen them in action, he concluded that
Mexico could easily be conquered with six thousand
French regulars. So contemptuous was he of Mexican
military ability, so sure that the Conservative and
deeply religious citizens of Puebla would betray the army
of the radical government of Juarez, that he decided on
a frontal attack of the two hills where General Zaragoza
had deployed his men, Cerro d~ Guadalupe and Cerro de
brother to speak here Thursday
51-& 9.
ONE WAY
I
French invasion was both surprising and intuitive. He
might have selected General Jose Lopez Uraga, for example, a trained soldier of great technical knowledge
and proven skill since 1847. He knew European military
strategy and had distinguished himself in action during
the War of Reform. General Zaragoza, on the other hand,
was a brilliant but untutored guerrilla tactician from Coahuila. However, no one knew the military ability and
the 11 mitations of the Mexican soldier better, or had
greater confidence in his heroic endurance and courage.
It is interesting that Zaragoza in addressing his unpaid,
underfed, poorly clothed and armed troops never spoke
of winning or dying heroically, as Antonio Lopez de
Santa Ana often had. Zaragoza spoke confidently only of
total triumph.
,
PEDRO CORONA
brother.
But those of you who have read
up on the trial or have become
aware of the court 's in justices,
let's give our support by being
at the talk, and helpi ng in his crusade, either financi a lly or with
your time.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Publi s hed five days a week except
h oliday s and examination perio d s by
the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a seme s t er, $15 a year. Editorial office,
Keats Campus Building, t elephone
487-2486 . Business and · adverti s ing
office, College Union 31 7, telephon e
487-2266.
O pinions expressed in Collegian editorial s , inclu ding feature-editori a ls
and co m menta r ies by g u est wr iters ,
a re n ot necessarily tho s e of C ali. fo rnia State University, Fre s n o , or
the student body .
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Ed i tor . . . . . . . . Catalino Jac que s
R e.porte rs .
. . Nora A lv a rad o ,
Al.Casares, Miguel C o ntreras,
Leo G allegos, Thomas Hill ,
C y n_th ia Lu g o , Ron O r o zc o
Ph o t og r a ph er ·. . . . . . . . Ed Z e peda
HELP OTHERS
UP TO $40 A MONTH, ey 6EI NG ON A
REGULAR BLOOD PLASMA PROGRAM
The Refedory
BRING A STUDENT 1.D. AND RECEIVE A
.
FIRST TIME BONUS
HYLAND DONOR CENTER
412 F STREET
MONDAY THAU FRI DAY
7 AM to 3 PM
485-4821
CALL FOR INFORMATION
SPRING FEST!
May 2, 3 & 4
JOIN US!
GEORGE
NAGE-L
ASB PRES
A ~ROVEN LEADEll & STUDENT ADVOCATE
Loret6'. Also, Laurencez could not know that the general
in his twenties who led the flanking attack for Zaragoza
was the military genius who would eventually destroy
the armies of Emperor Maximilian. His name was General Porfirio Diaz, and this was his first major command. Before the battle, General Laurencez wrote his
government: "We have over the Mexicans such a superiority of race, organization, discipline, morality, and.
high ideals that even now, at the head of our valiant six
thousand soldiers, I am the master of Mexico." Famous
last words!
· carried his cavalry through soggy ditches, over a
crumbling adobe wall, and up the steep slopes of the
Cerro de Guadalupe. But their drive petered out before
reacning its objective, and over one thousand Frenchmen
. were left sprawled on the field, dead or dying. Laurencez
paid for his contempt. The Mexical!' army held, and then
Zaragoza led a counter-attack that drove Laurencez
back to Orizaba and, after a short reprieve,. attacked
him again and drove the remnants of his army to the
coast. This was the first time French troops had
met defeat in nearly half a century, and it was handed
them not by a major power of Europe but by the penniless, war-torn republic of Mexico. This battle for
Puebla, fought on May 5, is yearly commemorated in
Mexico by a national holiday, and there is hardly a
Mexican village, town, or city that does not call its
main street Cinco de Mayo."
"The victory of the Mexican Army in the Battle of
Cinco de Mayo had far-reaching consequences, national
as well as international.
As regards the international consequences, the defeat
of the French had resounding effects in Europe, tarnishing•
the brilliance of Napoleon III's prestige, enhancing the
honorable posture of the Spanish and British envoys,
destroying the slander spread there by the Conservatives that the Juarez government had no backing.
Furthermore, this Mexican vic_tory admirably prevented
an effective alliance between Napoleon and the Confederate States in the Civil War of the United States, which
could possibly have changed the endingofthatstruggle. A
historian says that on the Cinco de Mayo Zaragoza
defended at Puebla the integrity of the Mexican Fatherland and the North American Federation." (C. Gonzalez
Blackaller and L. Guevara Ramirez, Sintesis de historia de Mexico, p. 366).
·
With regard to the national consequences, the belief
· that the French were invincible in war was destroyed,
a belief the Conservative traitors themselves had used
to demoralize the defenders of the nation. Furthermore
Mexican -Americans, the~, have a double incentive to
cry proudly, •viva el Cinco de Mayo!" And other Americans, regardle.$s of national origins, have reason to
join them.
A popular American historian has briefly and fairly
accurately described the action that ensued:
crGeneral Laurencez, commanding 6000 well-trained
and handsomely uniformed dragoons and foot soldiers,
was given orders to occupy Mexico City. On the path of
his march to the capital was Puebla, defended by 4000
Mexicans armed with antiquated guns - many of which
had seen service at the battle ·of Waterloo fifty years
before, and had been bought at a bargain by Mexico's
ambassador to London. back in 1825, Com.mander of
Puebla's forces was Ignacio Zaragoza, an amateur
in tactical warfare, as were most of his officers, but a
· seasoned warrior in guerrilla fighting. Laurencez, to
show his ~ontempt for that ragtag army, called for a
charge up the middle of tne Mexican defenses at Zaragoza 's mo~t strongly fortified position. ·The charge
But the Cinco de Mayo did more than give Mexicans
their most glorious ·national holiday. A Mexican history text c~mments on its significance as follows:
La Raza bookstore
opens; help, needed
Volunteers are needed to help
operate the newly formed La .
Raza Bookstore, which opened
three weeks ago at the MECHA
Office in the College Religious
Center.
•we are finally established
now," said Ernesto Montoya,
CSUF student and coordinator of
the · bookstore. "We originally
sought office space at Tele-Mex
but it did not come through."
Montoya explained that volunteers may receive three units
credit from the La Raza class ·
Community Research under Victor Salaza r . The bookstore is
located at Shaw and Jackson Ave-
THE DAILY
COLLEGIAN
RECOMMENDS:
: the victory made the entire nation thrill with enthusiasm
and patriotism, thus encouraging the Mexican people to
continue their struggle against the invader without
flagging. By this victory, the Mexican Army also gained
an additional year in which to reinforce and reorganize
itself, forming new military cadres, in which almost
all the political elements of the nation were r_!!presented.
nues and is open several hours
each weekday morning and afternbon.
"The bookstore was set up to
help Chicanos with buying books
since the bookstore on campus
has real expensive books. If a
book costs $4 on campus, we~
sell it for $2.50," said Montoya.
The non-profit organization offers only books listed in the La
Raza Studies programs and are
available to all students.
"It started off as a. project,
but you can't really say it is a
project, though. It first started
off as a community research
class idea," said Montoya.
There is no limit to the number of students allowed to work
at - the bookstore. It currently
boasts a five-man staff headed
by Salazar.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOREditor:
With hopes of reviving student
government at CSUF, I am marking my ballot next to the name of
Thomas Hill.
Many student leaders have become discouraged. As a senator
. this year, I often found myself
very frustrated. But I look at
Thomas Hill and I see encouragement and enthusiasm. Beyond
the experience and qualifications
that have been made known,
Thom as has the integrity and the
stamina to do a job well.
His concern . is with the students' rights and interests. I
urge you to vote THOMAS HILL
for ASB President.
Lloyd Jansen
Senator-at-Large
Post 5
Business Student Association of
CSUF would like to express our
associated _ support for the
candidacy ·of Thomas Hill and
Sipriano Martinez for the office
of President and Administrative
Vite President of the Associated
Student Body.
Mike M. Juarez
President, CBSA
•
Editor:
We the membership ofChicano
ASB President . . . Thomas Hill
ASB Legislative Vice President
... Dave Davenport
ASB Administrative Vice Pres.
Sipriano MartiMez
SENATE POSTS:
POST 1 '
Alberto Lucero
. POST 2
Mario Galvan
POST 3
Marge Centrella
POST 4
Mary Coffey
POST 5
Mar ia Garcia
BOARD POSITIONS
Board on Athletics : Dianne Lamb
Board on Pe rfo rming Arts:
J ohn Erysian
Board on Publicat ions:
Glori a Acosta
College Union Board: Mimi Benck
·-_-v o·r E SCHMIDT
FOR -PRESIDENT
REEN' ·
CYCLERY
WHY?
1855 E. GETTYSBURG
(1 block east of Blackstone)
Phone 227-5331
INS1 ANT CREDIT
to the holder of any
MAJOR CREDIT CARD
ELEVEN
Because • • •
'
Junior Marketing major; Political Science minor
21 years old
Experience in student government
Senator for the School of Business
Mem ber of the Budget Committee for the School of
Business
Mem ber of the Senate Finance Committee
Member of the Senate Boards: Performing Arts
and Athletics
Member of the Senate Board Athletic Bu,dget Committee
Member of the lnter-Colleg·iate Athletic Ad Hoc
Committee to study the future of the ath I eti.c
programs at CSUF
He has studied in depth Budgeting Programs and the
history of their direction from 1966 to the
present
He has lobbied for student interest in Los Angeles
and sacramento for student interest this year
OPEN 24 HRS.
NEW-& USED. BICYCLESADULT 3-WHEELERS
CEDAR-SHAW
EXPERT REPAIRING, ALL MAKES& · MODELS
I
I~ - CSUF NEEDS
this_typ·~ of.. expe rience
VOTE
SCHMIDT FOR .PRESIDENT
/
4
THE DAIL y COLLEGIAN
BSU v,ithdrav,s support
Monday, April 30, 1973
crazy gypsy
By Luis Omar Salinas
111.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
nimble footed
and carefree
I
My spine shakes
to the songs
of women
I am heartless and lonely
and I whistle a tune
out of one of my dreams
where the world
babbles out loud
and Mexican hat check girls
do the Salinas Shuffle
a dance composed
by me in one
of my nightmares
and sold
for a bottle
of tequila.
write poems
on walls
that crumble
and fal I
I talk to shadows
that sleep
and go away
crying
I meet fearless girls
who tell me
their troubles
my lonliness
bottled up in their
tummy.
IV.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I waltz through avenues
of roses
to the song
of Mariachis
II.
I
am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I write songs
to my dead mother
hurl stones
at fat pol icemen
and walk on seaweed
in my dreams.
V.
I am Omar
the Mexican gypsy
I speak of love
as something
whimsical and aloof
and something
naked and cruel
I walk away from despair
I ike
a horse walks away
from his master
end up in jai I
eating powdered eggs
for breakfast.
I speak of death
as something inhabiting
the sea
awkward and removed
(Continued from Page 1)
and Williams became a candidate
for president. Depending on interpretations by news sources,
Williams was either expected to
drop out when a Chicano candidate entered the race or he was
forced out by the prospect of a
minority split in the vote.
Hill's reaction to the withdrawal was that it came because
he wouldn't give in to certain
BSU demands.
•I'm not going to cater to
special interest groups and I'm
not going to be anybody's puppet, " said Hill.
Hill's top opponent appears to
be Schmidt, the current Student
Senator for the School of Business, who is stressing experience
in his campaign.
There is no contest in the vice
presidential elections. Sipriano
Martinez is the sole candidate
for administrative vice president
and Dave Davenport is unopposed
for tbe legislative post.
In the six at-large senatorial
post races only two positions are
contested.
·
Mario Galvan and Maryann Soo
are running for Senator for Post
2 and candidates for Post 6 are
Daniel Casas and Matthew Potthast.
Running unopposed are Albert
Lucero, Post l; Marge Centrella,
Post 3; Mary Coffey, Post 4 and
Maria Garcia, Post 5.
Mimi Benck and Richard
Responte oppose each other for
the post of ser{ator for the College Union Board. Seeking the
post for the Board on Athletics
are Dianne Lamb, Felix Mata and
incumbent Chuck Noroian.
John Erysian is the lone candidate to represent the Board on
Performing Arts at the senate
while Gloria Acosta and Inetta
Hankins are vying for the post of
Senator for the Board on Publications.
Campaign damag·e
(Continued from Page 1)
whether this is a reflection on
the editor Gary Alexander, his
staff or both, but I imagine the
final responsibility is with the
Board on Publications, as it is
their responsibility to oversee
the operation of The Daily Collegian."
According to Nagel, Rocca also
felt that his campaign has been
hurt by a "conspiracy" of news
reporting by The Daily Collegian.
Nagel said that he "might file
a protest with the Board on
Publications• concerning Tuesday's article and felt that there
"is a need for guidelines• concerning the reporting of election
stories and the policy of editorial
endorsements of ASB candidates.
ASB Legislative Vice President Woody Brooks said this
morning that he is not supporting any candidates for the executive positions because "none of
them appear to be sufficiently
competent."
A Daily Collegian article last
week reported that Brooks' and
Adminis.trative Vice President
Hal Bolen's positions on the candidates was "uncertain at this
time, but (they) might be leaning
toward Hill."
LOCKSMITHS
All types opt"ned & re.pa.ired At Your Door or Our Stor<'
·
Auto-House-Trunks-Stores
-Foreign CarsPH: 227-6263
Louir's Lock &. Kry Shop
Cedar Lane Shopping Center
9 am•!> pm Daily-Sun. 10 am•S pm
I speak of hate
as something
ni bbling my ear •.••
SPECIALS
CANVAS
KEITH ENDSLEY
for
A.S.B. President
DEPENDABLE
EXPERIENCED
QUALIFIED
MATURE
ACTIVE
want ads
Must sell '65 Mere Montclair.
$275. 264-4590 Jose II i
Chairman FFA Field Day-Farm Records
Member of Executive and Advisory Board
of the CSUF Chi Id Day Care Center 1972- 73
Vote the man to represent the whole student
body - NOT just part
ELECT ENDSLEY
Typing done. English and French.
45¢ per page. Call Elizabeth
224-8560 after 5:30 p.m.
~:~!!~,95c
. \fil 595
BOTTOMS
EVERY
WED.
(during Spring Semester)
9am•4pm
STYROFOAM
AT
The Kennel Book Store
1
PELLETS
for bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
219
GLASSES
SUN
VOTE
FOR EQUALITY AND
EXPERIENCE IN OFFICE
. urges you
to,,, vote
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20%~~~~e9~~!
·
MARGE
CENTRELLA
MARY
COFFEY
I
/
SENATE
POST #3
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
for
SENATE
POST #4
Canvas - brushes
L iquetex - frames - oi Is
COMPLETE
CAMPING
EQUIPMENT
JUNGLE BOOTS
SHRE DDED
FOAM RUBBER
& Styrofoam P el lets
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
Every fifth o! May Puebla, the original •ctty of the
Angels" in the Western Hemisphere awakens to a
glorious day, a day which has won her the proud name
o! •Puebla la heroica. • For this is the commemoration
of the Batalla del Cinco de Mayo, May 5, 1862, when
Puebla repulsed a French attack. Around eleven in the
morning the school children of Puebla, decked out in
their uniformes de gala (dress uniforms) decorated with
identifying ribbons, march for four hours in a five mile
long parade through the center of the city. When the
parade reaches the zocalo (central plaza) the units of
the various schools march past the state and municipal
officials and salute them. The rest of the day is spent
in a grand fiesta with many of the citizens gaily dressed
in regional costumes, while bands play throughout the
city. There is dancing in the zocalo and other plazas.
At ten in the evening, the •combate de flores" (the
flower battle, an ancient Aztec tradition) takes place.
People throng to. the zocalo and adjoining streets throwing flowers at each other and present bouquets to
friends and strangers alike. Later, there are many
glittering private parties to cap the festivities.
During the day, the Mexican Army stages a sham
battle on the Cerro de Guadalupe, atop which stands the
fort, now a historical museum, which was the core of.
Puebla's defenses.
Throughout the Mexican Nation similar events take
place; and, in the ancient Aztec villege of Penon (the
rock), in the suburbs of Mexico City, a classic play is
enacted with a cast of public officials, soldiers, and
musicians. Not only does thE!"long drama follow closely
the historical events, but it contains long quotations from
the various diplomatic pronouncements and treaties which
preceded and followed the battle.
One may well ask why all the festivities, and thereby
hangs a glorious and interesting tale of intrigue, adventure, derring-do. and heroic patriotism. From 1858
to 1861, Mexico was wracked by a sanguinary and destructive civil war, the Guerra de la Reforma or Guerra
de Tres Anos. The conflict was a showdown between
the Jacobin radicals who called themselves puros and
the ultraconservative religious elements. They were all
Catholics, but they disagreed violently on the relations
between Church and State, as well as on the nature of the
State itself. The Liberals (as the puros were officially
called) favored a federalized republic and rejected their
Indo-Spanish-Catholic culture in favor of the Anglooriented-Protestant one of the United States. The Conservatives preferred a unitary republic on the French
model or a recreation of the Spanish monarchial state,
as well as the Europeonization of Mexican culture. To
bring about their ends, both sides courted foreign intervention: the Liberals that of the United States, the Conservatives that of France.
At the conclusion of the Guerra de la Reforma, which
the Liberals won with the aid of the United States, President Benito Juarez surveyed the ~orry state of his
country, drained physically and emotionally and utterly
devastated by a fratricidal war. Small surprise, then,
. that President Juarez declared a two-year moratorium
on the payment of Mexico's foreign debt. Although the
decision was dictated by absolute necessity, it }Vas catastrophic, for it furnished a pretext for foreign intervention. The time was propitious, for the. United States, itself embroiled in the bloody struggle between the Union
and Confederate forces, was in no position to enforce
the Monroe Doctrine which not only decried intervention
by non-American powers, but specifically banned the
further extension of the monarchical system inAmerica.
Napoleo.n III, Emperor of the French, had long dreamed
of a Catholic Latin American Empire which would counteract the Protestant Anglo-oriented United States. Also,
he was influenced by the dazzling vision of Mexican
riches dangled before his eyes by such Mexican exiles
as the ex-Liberal General Juan Almonte, the royalist
Jose ·Maria Gutierrez Estrada, and the ambitious Jose
Manuel Hidalgo who had distinguished himself against
the American invaders at the Battle of Churubusco in
1847. He was also influenced by his bastard half-brother,
the Due de Morny, who was a partner of J. B. Jecker,
a Swiss banker who held Mexican government bonds
worth fifteen million pesos.
Napoleon III prevailed on Britain and Spain to agree on
forcibly pressing their respective claims againstMexico
by means of a joint diplomatic mission backed by a powerful punitive expedition • . • a form of international
intimidation of small powers by large ones -commonly
(Continued on Page 2, Col. 1)
Semana d·e la Raza
celebration begins
Today signals the beginning of the Annual Semana De La Raza
celebration. To the Mexican it means celebrating the start of the long
and bloody revolution against the French in which final victory belonged to the Mexican people led by Don Benito Juarez. For the
Chicano it symbolizes the dedication to the proud heritage which has
enhanced our culture. Semana is for everyone and its success depends on your support and participation. QUE VIVA LA RAZA
UNIDA!
de
TODAY
DIA DE LA CULTURA
El dia De La Cultura was developed as part of Semana De La
Raza to provide an awareness of the Mexican Culture that surrounds
the contemporary Chicano. Through the Spanish language, Art,
Music , Literature and Dance, La Culture is a rich combination
of the Indio and the Estanol. The celebration of La Cultura .is
a Celebration of all that makes up La Raza. When we recognize
the contributions that the Mexican Culture has made to the life
of the Chicano and the life of the Southwest, we also recognize
the beauty, w·armth, and glory .of Mexico.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
10:40 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
10:00 Noon
1:00 P,M.
2:00 P.M.
Desayuno - (Brunch) College Union Lower Lounge
Proclamation by Al Villa, Attorney at Law, and City
Councilman, City of Fresno. College Union Lounge.
Dedication by Guadalupe De La Cruz, FSU Student
Body President. College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Mr. Manuel Pineda, Mexican Revolution
veteran and poet. College Union Lounge.
Danzantes de Aztlan, FSU dance group. CollegeUnion
Lounge.
Speaker -- Julio Cesar Gramajo, well known radio
and TV personality and poet from Guatemala. College
Union Lounge.
- Entertainment - Juan Mejicano and Los Hermanos
Navarro (singers). College Union Lounge.
TUESDAY
DIA DEL CAMPESINO
Throughout the history of the Chicano, we see a constant struggle
against the injustices suffered by the campesino. Through their
sacrifice and dedication, much has been done to improve the working
conditions which exist for farmworkers. It is because of their neverending fight to abolish working inequities, and their symbolic struggle
for justice that we dedicate Tue~day - El Dia De Los campesinos.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
11:30 A.M.
12:00 Noon
1:00 P.M.
1:15 P.M.
Desayuno. College Union Lower Lounge.
Film - "Campamiento," the struggle of the Chilean
campesino. College Union, room 312-314.
Speaker - Al Sorondo, member of Chicano Faculty and
Staff Association, CSUF. tollege Union Lounge.
Entertainment - CSUF Teatro, political satire acts.
College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Jose Rubio, UFW representative. College
Union Lounge.
Film - "Desicion at Delano," grape strike. College
Union, room 312-314.
Jose Alvarez, Sanger CommuRity organizer. College
Union Lounge.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
APRIL 30 - MAY 5
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
LXXVll / 123
CALI FORNI A STATE UNIVERSITY, FRESNQ
MONDAY, APRIL 30, 1973
Elections today: BSU withdraws
support of Hill, now backs Schmidt
The Black Student Union has
withdrawn its support of ASB
Presidential candidate Thomas
Hill.
Elections for all ASB posts are
being held today with booths in the
Free Speech Area, near San Ramon One, behind the Health Center, and in the quad between the
Social Science, Business and EdPsych Buildings.
Except for the booth in the Free
Speech Area, which closes at 7
p. m., all booths will close at
5 p.m.
Joe Guagliardo, election committee chairman, is having the
booths staffed by faculty wives
and the votes counted by the McLane High School Key Club. The
vote counting begins at 7:30 in the
International Room of the Cafeteria.
Last Wednesday, in the absence
of BSU President Thomas Williams, the BSU voted to support
Hill over the other four candidates, Keith Endsley, George
Na.gel, Michael Rocca and Kurt
Schmidt. Nagel has since withdrawn from the race and has not
yet indicated who he will support.
However, on Friday after Williams had returned to campus,
Eddie Gist, "acting president,. of
the group, issued a statement:
"BSU withdraws its support of
Thomas Hill as ASB President
and now supports and endorses
Kurt Schmidt for ASB President.
"We feel that Kurt is better
qualified to serve as president
for all minority students."
Asked why BSU had shifted its
support , Gist replied, "The reasoning is that Chicanos and
Blacks don't see eye to eye. We
don't feel that Hill will have an
open ear to all minority stu-
dents."
The action appears to be a .
final split between BSU and
MECHA, the Chicano group headed by Hill.
Before campaigning started, an
informal coalition was formed
(Continued on Page 4, Col. 4)
Eledion booth, signs damaged;
•
Nagel withdraws from race
fulfill the responsibility of the
The election booth belonging
office. It's more than a full time
to ASB presidential candidate
Thomas Hill was burned last · job and I wouldn't be 2.ble to
graduate next year if I won," he
night around 11 p.m.
said.
According to campus security,
Nagel also said that he was
there are no suspects and no
the "victim of 1unjust and unfair
leads. The booth was not denews reporting" by The Daily
stroyed; however, all the signs
Collegian. •1•ve never been able
displayed on the structure were
to overcome the negative pubconsumed. The smell of gasoline
licity which, in some cases, I
was apparent.
feel was editorializing."
Kurt Schmidt, one of . llill's
Nagel was referring to an aropponents, reported that many
ticle in last Tuesday's Daily
of his campaign signs were also
Collegian which reported that he,
destroyed late last night, forcing
him to make duplicate posters :Michael Rocca and Keith Endsley
were not •expected to mount vithis morning.
Some signs of other candidates able campaigns."
Nagel said that •this particular
were destroyed in an indiscrimincident is just another example
inate manner.
ASE presidential candidate of the general poqr quality of The
George Nagel withdrew early this Daily Collegian this semester, a
sentiment thousands of other stumorning, citing academic presdi<.•nts probably share. I don't know
sures as reasons for his action.
(':ontinued on Page 4, Col. 4)
•1 don't think I will be able to
2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Monday, April 30, 1973
History of Cinco
(Continued from Page l) ·
referred to in diplomatic and military circles as •showing the nag." When indulged in between major powers,
it is known less euphemistically as •rattling the sword."
Hts plan was ratified officially in the Longon Convention
on October 31, 1861 •. By this agreement the contracting
partt-es pledged themselves to respect the territorial integrity of .the Republic of Mexico. There were no provisions for changing . Mexico's form of government.
On January 9, 1862, the tripartite envoys, Count Dubois
de Saligny, General Juan Prim and Sir Charles Wyke,
met at Vera Cruz to discuss their claims. It soon became
clear that Spain and Britain's claims were just, whereas
France demanded the honoring of' the. Jecker bonds (the
. Due de Morny was to get thirty per cent) and an additional twelve million pesos in cash. France wanted no questions asked. She was unwilling or unable to furnish
valid proof.
Nevertheless, President Juarez and his representatives treated the tripartite expedition with courtesy and
consideration. Not only did he allow them to occupy Vera
Cruz unopposed but, by the Treaty of La Doledad, allowed the foreign troops to move fro·m the oppressive
heat of the disease-ridden •Hot Land" to the healthier
CHARTER FLIGHTS
de Mayo
climate of the Mexican Plateau, near Puebla. The allies
agreed to retreat to Vera Cruz, should hostilities break
out.
France's exorbitant demands and the rudely inflexible
attitude of Dubois de Saligny, who was a stooge of the
Due de Morny, soon caused a personality clash between
the French envoy and General Prim. Sir Charles Wyke
sided with the Spanish general. Tempers reached the
breaking point when the French· landed General Almonte.
and other Mexican imperial agents to engage in subversive activities under the protection of the nag of
France. At the urging of their representatives, Spain and
Britain recalled their expeditionary forces.
Napolean III then ordered the Commander in Chief of
his invading army, General Charles F. Latrille, Count
of Laurencez, to take Mexico City and overthrow the
Government of Mexico. On this occasion, as in almost
every instance in the French Intervention in Mexico,
France forgot her vaunted devotion to honor. General
Lurencez violated the treaty of Soledad and marched
directly towards Puebla, where an army under General
Ignacio Zaragoza blocked the way to the capital.
Juarez's choice of General Zaragoza to repel the
Juan Corona's
EUROPE
During "La Semana De La Ra-
za" there will be programs and
dealing with different
BRUSSELS I. speakers
aspects of our culture, including
S279.
art, music and dancing.
Along with these programs will
be many speaking out against the
ROUND TRIP-
injustices our people have suffered in the past and continue to
suffer at the present time.
One of our speakers is a man
who has witnessed the pain and
frustration of institutional racism and has seen his brother,
Health c_
a re program by
SPECIAL
LOW AIR FARES ON
INTER-EUROPEAN FLIGHTS
ISRAEL ~ AFRICA • ASIA
Family Health Services
The Family Health Service
Project is offering a new puhlic
INTERNATIONAL 1.0. CARDS
service designed to respond to
low-income families , in the
STUDENT EURORAIL PASSES
planned variation areas.
These flights are open to
Fresno County Econom ic OpStudents, Faculty, Staff
portunities Commission is -the
Employees, and their
applicant organization and will
immediate family .
administer th~ project through
CALL NOW . . .
; Family Planning.Charles II . Kyle
is the Project Director.
The F a mily Health ser vices
DETACH AND MAIL TODAY
•Project will provide a com preHealth Care P rogram in
(HARTER FLI GHTS INT. ilheocnsive
alized faciliti es to as s ure res995 MARKET STREET
i de11ts of th e Fresno City target
SAN F.RANCISCO, CA 94103
ALSO AVAILABLE--
(415) 392-8512
------------
Please mail me info r mat ion on fli gh ts
" You r C loses t F l o r i1-,f"
Name:----------- ■
Condits
A(l dress: ----------- ■
i'~~c
City,State,Zip: - - - - - - - -
Cedar & Shields Ph . 227-3564
Financial
HOWERS & GIAS
F i n est Co rs a ge s & Flora l Make- up
Independence
With
areas accessibility to medical
services for the entire family.
Evening clinics will make it
easier to bring the whole family.
The neighborhood clinics will
provide physical examinations,
VD testing, lab testing,healthin- .
formation .and referrals, pre- and
post-natal care . Health Education , better health practices and
preventative medici ne will be
e ncouraged, It is hoped that residents won't wait unti l they are
si ck before visiting the clini c. A
regular che ck,-up can'often preve nt s erious illnes s .
The scheduling fo r the clinics
will · be · held Monday through
Thursday fr om 6 p. m. to 10 p.m.
For mor e inform ation call 48 58 180 . Call to make an appointment today!
274 N. 1st
Fint _________
~, ,l9
Comer
at Mc:J{enzie
.
·
Household
Services
Juan Corona, unjustly arrested,
tried and convicted of a crime
too fantastic for anyone alone to
commit. Since then, Pedro Corona and other supporters have
launched what has become a nationwide drive to defend his
brother.
The Juan Corona Defense Committee has rece.ived funds from
as far away as Georgia. Committees have been set up in Texas, Colorado, Arizona and California, and at the same time _Pedro Corona was speaking in Parlier April 8, 1973, Reis Tejerina
was gathering support for Juan
at a mass rally in Albuquerque,
N.M .
-
While Pedro Corona was in
Parlier , C res Hernandez of the
Semana De La Raza committee
was able to sign a contract for
Pedro to speak on campus Thursday , May 3, at 8 p.m. in the Cafeteria .
The re is no need to give any of
the background as to why P edro
has picked up the crusade to save
his b rothe r.
We hav.e all felt
injusti ces in one form or another.
Sinre we know how he fee ls , let 's
give our s uppo r t in the fight
against the in stitutional racism
fqu nd in American courts .
For th ose of yo u who are still
dou bters, attend his ta lk . He
wil l be able to give a full account
of wha t really happ,med to his
BLOOD PLASMA
DONORS NEEDED
HELP SELF
Many have ·found employment
through Domestique Household
Services. Here is your chance to
work when you want at a good
salary. No more selling door-t~
door or hasslint · with l~ng lines of
waiting c1,1stomers.
Domestique
Household Services . places you in
private homes. This· temporary services agency provides opportunities
for contact with a variety of people.
Clients are available - Immediate
positions are open. P}:ione 233-7351
for an appointment.
General Laurencez, on the contrary, had formed a poor
concept of the Mexican soldier. When the bedraggied men
of the Conservative guerrilla leader, General Lorenzo
Marquez, straggled into his camp, the French general
noted they were barefooted, half-naked, and ill-armed.
Never having seen them in action, he concluded that
Mexico could easily be conquered with six thousand
French regulars. So contemptuous was he of Mexican
military ability, so sure that the Conservative and
deeply religious citizens of Puebla would betray the army
of the radical government of Juarez, that he decided on
a frontal attack of the two hills where General Zaragoza
had deployed his men, Cerro d~ Guadalupe and Cerro de
brother to speak here Thursday
51-& 9.
ONE WAY
I
French invasion was both surprising and intuitive. He
might have selected General Jose Lopez Uraga, for example, a trained soldier of great technical knowledge
and proven skill since 1847. He knew European military
strategy and had distinguished himself in action during
the War of Reform. General Zaragoza, on the other hand,
was a brilliant but untutored guerrilla tactician from Coahuila. However, no one knew the military ability and
the 11 mitations of the Mexican soldier better, or had
greater confidence in his heroic endurance and courage.
It is interesting that Zaragoza in addressing his unpaid,
underfed, poorly clothed and armed troops never spoke
of winning or dying heroically, as Antonio Lopez de
Santa Ana often had. Zaragoza spoke confidently only of
total triumph.
,
PEDRO CORONA
brother.
But those of you who have read
up on the trial or have become
aware of the court 's in justices,
let's give our support by being
at the talk, and helpi ng in his crusade, either financi a lly or with
your time.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Publi s hed five days a week except
h oliday s and examination perio d s by
the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a seme s t er, $15 a year. Editorial office,
Keats Campus Building, t elephone
487-2486 . Business and · adverti s ing
office, College Union 31 7, telephon e
487-2266.
O pinions expressed in Collegian editorial s , inclu ding feature-editori a ls
and co m menta r ies by g u est wr iters ,
a re n ot necessarily tho s e of C ali. fo rnia State University, Fre s n o , or
the student body .
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Ed i tor . . . . . . . . Catalino Jac que s
R e.porte rs .
. . Nora A lv a rad o ,
Al.Casares, Miguel C o ntreras,
Leo G allegos, Thomas Hill ,
C y n_th ia Lu g o , Ron O r o zc o
Ph o t og r a ph er ·. . . . . . . . Ed Z e peda
HELP OTHERS
UP TO $40 A MONTH, ey 6EI NG ON A
REGULAR BLOOD PLASMA PROGRAM
The Refedory
BRING A STUDENT 1.D. AND RECEIVE A
.
FIRST TIME BONUS
HYLAND DONOR CENTER
412 F STREET
MONDAY THAU FRI DAY
7 AM to 3 PM
485-4821
CALL FOR INFORMATION
SPRING FEST!
May 2, 3 & 4
JOIN US!
GEORGE
NAGE-L
ASB PRES
A ~ROVEN LEADEll & STUDENT ADVOCATE
Loret6'. Also, Laurencez could not know that the general
in his twenties who led the flanking attack for Zaragoza
was the military genius who would eventually destroy
the armies of Emperor Maximilian. His name was General Porfirio Diaz, and this was his first major command. Before the battle, General Laurencez wrote his
government: "We have over the Mexicans such a superiority of race, organization, discipline, morality, and.
high ideals that even now, at the head of our valiant six
thousand soldiers, I am the master of Mexico." Famous
last words!
· carried his cavalry through soggy ditches, over a
crumbling adobe wall, and up the steep slopes of the
Cerro de Guadalupe. But their drive petered out before
reacning its objective, and over one thousand Frenchmen
. were left sprawled on the field, dead or dying. Laurencez
paid for his contempt. The Mexical!' army held, and then
Zaragoza led a counter-attack that drove Laurencez
back to Orizaba and, after a short reprieve,. attacked
him again and drove the remnants of his army to the
coast. This was the first time French troops had
met defeat in nearly half a century, and it was handed
them not by a major power of Europe but by the penniless, war-torn republic of Mexico. This battle for
Puebla, fought on May 5, is yearly commemorated in
Mexico by a national holiday, and there is hardly a
Mexican village, town, or city that does not call its
main street Cinco de Mayo."
"The victory of the Mexican Army in the Battle of
Cinco de Mayo had far-reaching consequences, national
as well as international.
As regards the international consequences, the defeat
of the French had resounding effects in Europe, tarnishing•
the brilliance of Napoleon III's prestige, enhancing the
honorable posture of the Spanish and British envoys,
destroying the slander spread there by the Conservatives that the Juarez government had no backing.
Furthermore, this Mexican vic_tory admirably prevented
an effective alliance between Napoleon and the Confederate States in the Civil War of the United States, which
could possibly have changed the endingofthatstruggle. A
historian says that on the Cinco de Mayo Zaragoza
defended at Puebla the integrity of the Mexican Fatherland and the North American Federation." (C. Gonzalez
Blackaller and L. Guevara Ramirez, Sintesis de historia de Mexico, p. 366).
·
With regard to the national consequences, the belief
· that the French were invincible in war was destroyed,
a belief the Conservative traitors themselves had used
to demoralize the defenders of the nation. Furthermore
Mexican -Americans, the~, have a double incentive to
cry proudly, •viva el Cinco de Mayo!" And other Americans, regardle.$s of national origins, have reason to
join them.
A popular American historian has briefly and fairly
accurately described the action that ensued:
crGeneral Laurencez, commanding 6000 well-trained
and handsomely uniformed dragoons and foot soldiers,
was given orders to occupy Mexico City. On the path of
his march to the capital was Puebla, defended by 4000
Mexicans armed with antiquated guns - many of which
had seen service at the battle ·of Waterloo fifty years
before, and had been bought at a bargain by Mexico's
ambassador to London. back in 1825, Com.mander of
Puebla's forces was Ignacio Zaragoza, an amateur
in tactical warfare, as were most of his officers, but a
· seasoned warrior in guerrilla fighting. Laurencez, to
show his ~ontempt for that ragtag army, called for a
charge up the middle of tne Mexican defenses at Zaragoza 's mo~t strongly fortified position. ·The charge
But the Cinco de Mayo did more than give Mexicans
their most glorious ·national holiday. A Mexican history text c~mments on its significance as follows:
La Raza bookstore
opens; help, needed
Volunteers are needed to help
operate the newly formed La .
Raza Bookstore, which opened
three weeks ago at the MECHA
Office in the College Religious
Center.
•we are finally established
now," said Ernesto Montoya,
CSUF student and coordinator of
the · bookstore. "We originally
sought office space at Tele-Mex
but it did not come through."
Montoya explained that volunteers may receive three units
credit from the La Raza class ·
Community Research under Victor Salaza r . The bookstore is
located at Shaw and Jackson Ave-
THE DAILY
COLLEGIAN
RECOMMENDS:
: the victory made the entire nation thrill with enthusiasm
and patriotism, thus encouraging the Mexican people to
continue their struggle against the invader without
flagging. By this victory, the Mexican Army also gained
an additional year in which to reinforce and reorganize
itself, forming new military cadres, in which almost
all the political elements of the nation were r_!!presented.
nues and is open several hours
each weekday morning and afternbon.
"The bookstore was set up to
help Chicanos with buying books
since the bookstore on campus
has real expensive books. If a
book costs $4 on campus, we~
sell it for $2.50," said Montoya.
The non-profit organization offers only books listed in the La
Raza Studies programs and are
available to all students.
"It started off as a. project,
but you can't really say it is a
project, though. It first started
off as a community research
class idea," said Montoya.
There is no limit to the number of students allowed to work
at - the bookstore. It currently
boasts a five-man staff headed
by Salazar.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOREditor:
With hopes of reviving student
government at CSUF, I am marking my ballot next to the name of
Thomas Hill.
Many student leaders have become discouraged. As a senator
. this year, I often found myself
very frustrated. But I look at
Thomas Hill and I see encouragement and enthusiasm. Beyond
the experience and qualifications
that have been made known,
Thom as has the integrity and the
stamina to do a job well.
His concern . is with the students' rights and interests. I
urge you to vote THOMAS HILL
for ASB President.
Lloyd Jansen
Senator-at-Large
Post 5
Business Student Association of
CSUF would like to express our
associated _ support for the
candidacy ·of Thomas Hill and
Sipriano Martinez for the office
of President and Administrative
Vite President of the Associated
Student Body.
Mike M. Juarez
President, CBSA
•
Editor:
We the membership ofChicano
ASB President . . . Thomas Hill
ASB Legislative Vice President
... Dave Davenport
ASB Administrative Vice Pres.
Sipriano MartiMez
SENATE POSTS:
POST 1 '
Alberto Lucero
. POST 2
Mario Galvan
POST 3
Marge Centrella
POST 4
Mary Coffey
POST 5
Mar ia Garcia
BOARD POSITIONS
Board on Athletics : Dianne Lamb
Board on Pe rfo rming Arts:
J ohn Erysian
Board on Publicat ions:
Glori a Acosta
College Union Board: Mimi Benck
·-_-v o·r E SCHMIDT
FOR -PRESIDENT
REEN' ·
CYCLERY
WHY?
1855 E. GETTYSBURG
(1 block east of Blackstone)
Phone 227-5331
INS1 ANT CREDIT
to the holder of any
MAJOR CREDIT CARD
ELEVEN
Because • • •
'
Junior Marketing major; Political Science minor
21 years old
Experience in student government
Senator for the School of Business
Mem ber of the Budget Committee for the School of
Business
Mem ber of the Senate Finance Committee
Member of the Senate Boards: Performing Arts
and Athletics
Member of the Senate Board Athletic Bu,dget Committee
Member of the lnter-Colleg·iate Athletic Ad Hoc
Committee to study the future of the ath I eti.c
programs at CSUF
He has studied in depth Budgeting Programs and the
history of their direction from 1966 to the
present
He has lobbied for student interest in Los Angeles
and sacramento for student interest this year
OPEN 24 HRS.
NEW-& USED. BICYCLESADULT 3-WHEELERS
CEDAR-SHAW
EXPERT REPAIRING, ALL MAKES& · MODELS
I
I~ - CSUF NEEDS
this_typ·~ of.. expe rience
VOTE
SCHMIDT FOR .PRESIDENT
/
4
THE DAIL y COLLEGIAN
BSU v,ithdrav,s support
Monday, April 30, 1973
crazy gypsy
By Luis Omar Salinas
111.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
nimble footed
and carefree
I
My spine shakes
to the songs
of women
I am heartless and lonely
and I whistle a tune
out of one of my dreams
where the world
babbles out loud
and Mexican hat check girls
do the Salinas Shuffle
a dance composed
by me in one
of my nightmares
and sold
for a bottle
of tequila.
write poems
on walls
that crumble
and fal I
I talk to shadows
that sleep
and go away
crying
I meet fearless girls
who tell me
their troubles
my lonliness
bottled up in their
tummy.
IV.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I waltz through avenues
of roses
to the song
of Mariachis
II.
I
am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I write songs
to my dead mother
hurl stones
at fat pol icemen
and walk on seaweed
in my dreams.
V.
I am Omar
the Mexican gypsy
I speak of love
as something
whimsical and aloof
and something
naked and cruel
I walk away from despair
I ike
a horse walks away
from his master
end up in jai I
eating powdered eggs
for breakfast.
I speak of death
as something inhabiting
the sea
awkward and removed
(Continued from Page 1)
and Williams became a candidate
for president. Depending on interpretations by news sources,
Williams was either expected to
drop out when a Chicano candidate entered the race or he was
forced out by the prospect of a
minority split in the vote.
Hill's reaction to the withdrawal was that it came because
he wouldn't give in to certain
BSU demands.
•I'm not going to cater to
special interest groups and I'm
not going to be anybody's puppet, " said Hill.
Hill's top opponent appears to
be Schmidt, the current Student
Senator for the School of Business, who is stressing experience
in his campaign.
There is no contest in the vice
presidential elections. Sipriano
Martinez is the sole candidate
for administrative vice president
and Dave Davenport is unopposed
for tbe legislative post.
In the six at-large senatorial
post races only two positions are
contested.
·
Mario Galvan and Maryann Soo
are running for Senator for Post
2 and candidates for Post 6 are
Daniel Casas and Matthew Potthast.
Running unopposed are Albert
Lucero, Post l; Marge Centrella,
Post 3; Mary Coffey, Post 4 and
Maria Garcia, Post 5.
Mimi Benck and Richard
Responte oppose each other for
the post of ser{ator for the College Union Board. Seeking the
post for the Board on Athletics
are Dianne Lamb, Felix Mata and
incumbent Chuck Noroian.
John Erysian is the lone candidate to represent the Board on
Performing Arts at the senate
while Gloria Acosta and Inetta
Hankins are vying for the post of
Senator for the Board on Publications.
Campaign damag·e
(Continued from Page 1)
whether this is a reflection on
the editor Gary Alexander, his
staff or both, but I imagine the
final responsibility is with the
Board on Publications, as it is
their responsibility to oversee
the operation of The Daily Collegian."
According to Nagel, Rocca also
felt that his campaign has been
hurt by a "conspiracy" of news
reporting by The Daily Collegian.
Nagel said that he "might file
a protest with the Board on
Publications• concerning Tuesday's article and felt that there
"is a need for guidelines• concerning the reporting of election
stories and the policy of editorial
endorsements of ASB candidates.
ASB Legislative Vice President Woody Brooks said this
morning that he is not supporting any candidates for the executive positions because "none of
them appear to be sufficiently
competent."
A Daily Collegian article last
week reported that Brooks' and
Adminis.trative Vice President
Hal Bolen's positions on the candidates was "uncertain at this
time, but (they) might be leaning
toward Hill."
LOCKSMITHS
All types opt"ned & re.pa.ired At Your Door or Our Stor<'
·
Auto-House-Trunks-Stores
-Foreign CarsPH: 227-6263
Louir's Lock &. Kry Shop
Cedar Lane Shopping Center
9 am•!> pm Daily-Sun. 10 am•S pm
I speak of hate
as something
ni bbling my ear •.••
SPECIALS
CANVAS
KEITH ENDSLEY
for
A.S.B. President
DEPENDABLE
EXPERIENCED
QUALIFIED
MATURE
ACTIVE
want ads
Must sell '65 Mere Montclair.
$275. 264-4590 Jose II i
Chairman FFA Field Day-Farm Records
Member of Executive and Advisory Board
of the CSUF Chi Id Day Care Center 1972- 73
Vote the man to represent the whole student
body - NOT just part
ELECT ENDSLEY
Typing done. English and French.
45¢ per page. Call Elizabeth
224-8560 after 5:30 p.m.
~:~!!~,95c
. \fil 595
BOTTOMS
EVERY
WED.
(during Spring Semester)
9am•4pm
STYROFOAM
AT
The Kennel Book Store
1
PELLETS
for bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
219
GLASSES
SUN
VOTE
FOR EQUALITY AND
EXPERIENCE IN OFFICE
. urges you
to,,, vote
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20%~~~~e9~~!
·
MARGE
CENTRELLA
MARY
COFFEY
I
/
SENATE
POST #3
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
for
SENATE
POST #4
Canvas - brushes
L iquetex - frames - oi Is
COMPLETE
CAMPING
EQUIPMENT
JUNGLE BOOTS
SHRE DDED
FOAM RUBBER
& Styrofoam P el lets
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
·The background of Semana de la Raza
Every fifth o! May Puebla, the original •ctty of the
Angels" in the Western Hemisphere awakens to a
glorious day, a day which has won her the proud name
o! •Puebla la heroica. • For this is the commemoration
of the Batalla del Cinco de Mayo, May 5, 1862, when
Puebla repulsed a French attack. Around eleven in the
morning the school children of Puebla, decked out in
their uniformes de gala (dress uniforms) decorated with
identifying ribbons, march for four hours in a five mile
long parade through the center of the city. When the
parade reaches the zocalo (central plaza) the units of
the various schools march past the state and municipal
officials and salute them. The rest of the day is spent
in a grand fiesta with many of the citizens gaily dressed
in regional costumes, while bands play throughout the
city. There is dancing in the zocalo and other plazas.
At ten in the evening, the •combate de flores" (the
flower battle, an ancient Aztec tradition) takes place.
People throng to. the zocalo and adjoining streets throwing flowers at each other and present bouquets to
friends and strangers alike. Later, there are many
glittering private parties to cap the festivities.
During the day, the Mexican Army stages a sham
battle on the Cerro de Guadalupe, atop which stands the
fort, now a historical museum, which was the core of.
Puebla's defenses.
Throughout the Mexican Nation similar events take
place; and, in the ancient Aztec villege of Penon (the
rock), in the suburbs of Mexico City, a classic play is
enacted with a cast of public officials, soldiers, and
musicians. Not only does thE!"long drama follow closely
the historical events, but it contains long quotations from
the various diplomatic pronouncements and treaties which
preceded and followed the battle.
One may well ask why all the festivities, and thereby
hangs a glorious and interesting tale of intrigue, adventure, derring-do. and heroic patriotism. From 1858
to 1861, Mexico was wracked by a sanguinary and destructive civil war, the Guerra de la Reforma or Guerra
de Tres Anos. The conflict was a showdown between
the Jacobin radicals who called themselves puros and
the ultraconservative religious elements. They were all
Catholics, but they disagreed violently on the relations
between Church and State, as well as on the nature of the
State itself. The Liberals (as the puros were officially
called) favored a federalized republic and rejected their
Indo-Spanish-Catholic culture in favor of the Anglooriented-Protestant one of the United States. The Conservatives preferred a unitary republic on the French
model or a recreation of the Spanish monarchial state,
as well as the Europeonization of Mexican culture. To
bring about their ends, both sides courted foreign intervention: the Liberals that of the United States, the Conservatives that of France.
At the conclusion of the Guerra de la Reforma, which
the Liberals won with the aid of the United States, President Benito Juarez surveyed the ~orry state of his
country, drained physically and emotionally and utterly
devastated by a fratricidal war. Small surprise, then,
. that President Juarez declared a two-year moratorium
on the payment of Mexico's foreign debt. Although the
decision was dictated by absolute necessity, it }Vas catastrophic, for it furnished a pretext for foreign intervention. The time was propitious, for the. United States, itself embroiled in the bloody struggle between the Union
and Confederate forces, was in no position to enforce
the Monroe Doctrine which not only decried intervention
by non-American powers, but specifically banned the
further extension of the monarchical system inAmerica.
Napoleo.n III, Emperor of the French, had long dreamed
of a Catholic Latin American Empire which would counteract the Protestant Anglo-oriented United States. Also,
he was influenced by the dazzling vision of Mexican
riches dangled before his eyes by such Mexican exiles
as the ex-Liberal General Juan Almonte, the royalist
Jose ·Maria Gutierrez Estrada, and the ambitious Jose
Manuel Hidalgo who had distinguished himself against
the American invaders at the Battle of Churubusco in
1847. He was also influenced by his bastard half-brother,
the Due de Morny, who was a partner of J. B. Jecker,
a Swiss banker who held Mexican government bonds
worth fifteen million pesos.
Napoleon III prevailed on Britain and Spain to agree on
forcibly pressing their respective claims againstMexico
by means of a joint diplomatic mission backed by a powerful punitive expedition • . • a form of international
intimidation of small powers by large ones -commonly
(Continued on Page 2, Col. 1)
Semana d·e la Raza
celebration begins
Today signals the beginning of the Annual Semana De La Raza
celebration. To the Mexican it means celebrating the start of the long
and bloody revolution against the French in which final victory belonged to the Mexican people led by Don Benito Juarez. For the
Chicano it symbolizes the dedication to the proud heritage which has
enhanced our culture. Semana is for everyone and its success depends on your support and participation. QUE VIVA LA RAZA
UNIDA!
de
TODAY
DIA DE LA CULTURA
El dia De La Cultura was developed as part of Semana De La
Raza to provide an awareness of the Mexican Culture that surrounds
the contemporary Chicano. Through the Spanish language, Art,
Music , Literature and Dance, La Culture is a rich combination
of the Indio and the Estanol. The celebration of La Cultura .is
a Celebration of all that makes up La Raza. When we recognize
the contributions that the Mexican Culture has made to the life
of the Chicano and the life of the Southwest, we also recognize
the beauty, w·armth, and glory .of Mexico.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
10:40 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
10:00 Noon
1:00 P,M.
2:00 P.M.
Desayuno - (Brunch) College Union Lower Lounge
Proclamation by Al Villa, Attorney at Law, and City
Councilman, City of Fresno. College Union Lounge.
Dedication by Guadalupe De La Cruz, FSU Student
Body President. College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Mr. Manuel Pineda, Mexican Revolution
veteran and poet. College Union Lounge.
Danzantes de Aztlan, FSU dance group. CollegeUnion
Lounge.
Speaker -- Julio Cesar Gramajo, well known radio
and TV personality and poet from Guatemala. College
Union Lounge.
- Entertainment - Juan Mejicano and Los Hermanos
Navarro (singers). College Union Lounge.
TUESDAY
DIA DEL CAMPESINO
Throughout the history of the Chicano, we see a constant struggle
against the injustices suffered by the campesino. Through their
sacrifice and dedication, much has been done to improve the working
conditions which exist for farmworkers. It is because of their neverending fight to abolish working inequities, and their symbolic struggle
for justice that we dedicate Tue~day - El Dia De Los campesinos.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
11:30 A.M.
12:00 Noon
1:00 P.M.
1:15 P.M.
Desayuno. College Union Lower Lounge.
Film - "Campamiento," the struggle of the Chilean
campesino. College Union, room 312-314.
Speaker - Al Sorondo, member of Chicano Faculty and
Staff Association, CSUF. tollege Union Lounge.
Entertainment - CSUF Teatro, political satire acts.
College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Jose Rubio, UFW representative. College
Union Lounge.
Film - "Desicion at Delano," grape strike. College
Union, room 312-314.
Jose Alvarez, Sanger CommuRity organizer. College
Union Lounge.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
APRIL 30 - MAY 5
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
LXXVll / 123
CALI FORNI A STATE UNIVERSITY, FRESNQ
MONDAY, APRIL 30, 1973
Elections today: BSU withdraws
support of Hill, now backs Schmidt
The Black Student Union has
withdrawn its support of ASB
Presidential candidate Thomas
Hill.
Elections for all ASB posts are
being held today with booths in the
Free Speech Area, near San Ramon One, behind the Health Center, and in the quad between the
Social Science, Business and EdPsych Buildings.
Except for the booth in the Free
Speech Area, which closes at 7
p. m., all booths will close at
5 p.m.
Joe Guagliardo, election committee chairman, is having the
booths staffed by faculty wives
and the votes counted by the McLane High School Key Club. The
vote counting begins at 7:30 in the
International Room of the Cafeteria.
Last Wednesday, in the absence
of BSU President Thomas Williams, the BSU voted to support
Hill over the other four candidates, Keith Endsley, George
Na.gel, Michael Rocca and Kurt
Schmidt. Nagel has since withdrawn from the race and has not
yet indicated who he will support.
However, on Friday after Williams had returned to campus,
Eddie Gist, "acting president,. of
the group, issued a statement:
"BSU withdraws its support of
Thomas Hill as ASB President
and now supports and endorses
Kurt Schmidt for ASB President.
"We feel that Kurt is better
qualified to serve as president
for all minority students."
Asked why BSU had shifted its
support , Gist replied, "The reasoning is that Chicanos and
Blacks don't see eye to eye. We
don't feel that Hill will have an
open ear to all minority stu-
dents."
The action appears to be a .
final split between BSU and
MECHA, the Chicano group headed by Hill.
Before campaigning started, an
informal coalition was formed
(Continued on Page 4, Col. 4)
Eledion booth, signs damaged;
•
Nagel withdraws from race
fulfill the responsibility of the
The election booth belonging
office. It's more than a full time
to ASB presidential candidate
Thomas Hill was burned last · job and I wouldn't be 2.ble to
graduate next year if I won," he
night around 11 p.m.
said.
According to campus security,
Nagel also said that he was
there are no suspects and no
the "victim of 1unjust and unfair
leads. The booth was not denews reporting" by The Daily
stroyed; however, all the signs
Collegian. •1•ve never been able
displayed on the structure were
to overcome the negative pubconsumed. The smell of gasoline
licity which, in some cases, I
was apparent.
feel was editorializing."
Kurt Schmidt, one of . llill's
Nagel was referring to an aropponents, reported that many
ticle in last Tuesday's Daily
of his campaign signs were also
Collegian which reported that he,
destroyed late last night, forcing
him to make duplicate posters :Michael Rocca and Keith Endsley
were not •expected to mount vithis morning.
Some signs of other candidates able campaigns."
Nagel said that •this particular
were destroyed in an indiscrimincident is just another example
inate manner.
ASE presidential candidate of the general poqr quality of The
George Nagel withdrew early this Daily Collegian this semester, a
sentiment thousands of other stumorning, citing academic presdi<.•nts probably share. I don't know
sures as reasons for his action.
(':ontinued on Page 4, Col. 4)
•1 don't think I will be able to
2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Monday, April 30, 1973
History of Cinco
(Continued from Page l) ·
referred to in diplomatic and military circles as •showing the nag." When indulged in between major powers,
it is known less euphemistically as •rattling the sword."
Hts plan was ratified officially in the Longon Convention
on October 31, 1861 •. By this agreement the contracting
partt-es pledged themselves to respect the territorial integrity of .the Republic of Mexico. There were no provisions for changing . Mexico's form of government.
On January 9, 1862, the tripartite envoys, Count Dubois
de Saligny, General Juan Prim and Sir Charles Wyke,
met at Vera Cruz to discuss their claims. It soon became
clear that Spain and Britain's claims were just, whereas
France demanded the honoring of' the. Jecker bonds (the
. Due de Morny was to get thirty per cent) and an additional twelve million pesos in cash. France wanted no questions asked. She was unwilling or unable to furnish
valid proof.
Nevertheless, President Juarez and his representatives treated the tripartite expedition with courtesy and
consideration. Not only did he allow them to occupy Vera
Cruz unopposed but, by the Treaty of La Doledad, allowed the foreign troops to move fro·m the oppressive
heat of the disease-ridden •Hot Land" to the healthier
CHARTER FLIGHTS
de Mayo
climate of the Mexican Plateau, near Puebla. The allies
agreed to retreat to Vera Cruz, should hostilities break
out.
France's exorbitant demands and the rudely inflexible
attitude of Dubois de Saligny, who was a stooge of the
Due de Morny, soon caused a personality clash between
the French envoy and General Prim. Sir Charles Wyke
sided with the Spanish general. Tempers reached the
breaking point when the French· landed General Almonte.
and other Mexican imperial agents to engage in subversive activities under the protection of the nag of
France. At the urging of their representatives, Spain and
Britain recalled their expeditionary forces.
Napolean III then ordered the Commander in Chief of
his invading army, General Charles F. Latrille, Count
of Laurencez, to take Mexico City and overthrow the
Government of Mexico. On this occasion, as in almost
every instance in the French Intervention in Mexico,
France forgot her vaunted devotion to honor. General
Lurencez violated the treaty of Soledad and marched
directly towards Puebla, where an army under General
Ignacio Zaragoza blocked the way to the capital.
Juarez's choice of General Zaragoza to repel the
Juan Corona's
EUROPE
During "La Semana De La Ra-
za" there will be programs and
dealing with different
BRUSSELS I. speakers
aspects of our culture, including
S279.
art, music and dancing.
Along with these programs will
be many speaking out against the
ROUND TRIP-
injustices our people have suffered in the past and continue to
suffer at the present time.
One of our speakers is a man
who has witnessed the pain and
frustration of institutional racism and has seen his brother,
Health c_
a re program by
SPECIAL
LOW AIR FARES ON
INTER-EUROPEAN FLIGHTS
ISRAEL ~ AFRICA • ASIA
Family Health Services
The Family Health Service
Project is offering a new puhlic
INTERNATIONAL 1.0. CARDS
service designed to respond to
low-income families , in the
STUDENT EURORAIL PASSES
planned variation areas.
These flights are open to
Fresno County Econom ic OpStudents, Faculty, Staff
portunities Commission is -the
Employees, and their
applicant organization and will
immediate family .
administer th~ project through
CALL NOW . . .
; Family Planning.Charles II . Kyle
is the Project Director.
The F a mily Health ser vices
DETACH AND MAIL TODAY
•Project will provide a com preHealth Care P rogram in
(HARTER FLI GHTS INT. ilheocnsive
alized faciliti es to as s ure res995 MARKET STREET
i de11ts of th e Fresno City target
SAN F.RANCISCO, CA 94103
ALSO AVAILABLE--
(415) 392-8512
------------
Please mail me info r mat ion on fli gh ts
" You r C loses t F l o r i1-,f"
Name:----------- ■
Condits
A(l dress: ----------- ■
i'~~c
City,State,Zip: - - - - - - - -
Cedar & Shields Ph . 227-3564
Financial
HOWERS & GIAS
F i n est Co rs a ge s & Flora l Make- up
Independence
With
areas accessibility to medical
services for the entire family.
Evening clinics will make it
easier to bring the whole family.
The neighborhood clinics will
provide physical examinations,
VD testing, lab testing,healthin- .
formation .and referrals, pre- and
post-natal care . Health Education , better health practices and
preventative medici ne will be
e ncouraged, It is hoped that residents won't wait unti l they are
si ck before visiting the clini c. A
regular che ck,-up can'often preve nt s erious illnes s .
The scheduling fo r the clinics
will · be · held Monday through
Thursday fr om 6 p. m. to 10 p.m.
For mor e inform ation call 48 58 180 . Call to make an appointment today!
274 N. 1st
Fint _________
~, ,l9
Comer
at Mc:J{enzie
.
·
Household
Services
Juan Corona, unjustly arrested,
tried and convicted of a crime
too fantastic for anyone alone to
commit. Since then, Pedro Corona and other supporters have
launched what has become a nationwide drive to defend his
brother.
The Juan Corona Defense Committee has rece.ived funds from
as far away as Georgia. Committees have been set up in Texas, Colorado, Arizona and California, and at the same time _Pedro Corona was speaking in Parlier April 8, 1973, Reis Tejerina
was gathering support for Juan
at a mass rally in Albuquerque,
N.M .
-
While Pedro Corona was in
Parlier , C res Hernandez of the
Semana De La Raza committee
was able to sign a contract for
Pedro to speak on campus Thursday , May 3, at 8 p.m. in the Cafeteria .
The re is no need to give any of
the background as to why P edro
has picked up the crusade to save
his b rothe r.
We hav.e all felt
injusti ces in one form or another.
Sinre we know how he fee ls , let 's
give our s uppo r t in the fight
against the in stitutional racism
fqu nd in American courts .
For th ose of yo u who are still
dou bters, attend his ta lk . He
wil l be able to give a full account
of wha t really happ,med to his
BLOOD PLASMA
DONORS NEEDED
HELP SELF
Many have ·found employment
through Domestique Household
Services. Here is your chance to
work when you want at a good
salary. No more selling door-t~
door or hasslint · with l~ng lines of
waiting c1,1stomers.
Domestique
Household Services . places you in
private homes. This· temporary services agency provides opportunities
for contact with a variety of people.
Clients are available - Immediate
positions are open. P}:ione 233-7351
for an appointment.
General Laurencez, on the contrary, had formed a poor
concept of the Mexican soldier. When the bedraggied men
of the Conservative guerrilla leader, General Lorenzo
Marquez, straggled into his camp, the French general
noted they were barefooted, half-naked, and ill-armed.
Never having seen them in action, he concluded that
Mexico could easily be conquered with six thousand
French regulars. So contemptuous was he of Mexican
military ability, so sure that the Conservative and
deeply religious citizens of Puebla would betray the army
of the radical government of Juarez, that he decided on
a frontal attack of the two hills where General Zaragoza
had deployed his men, Cerro d~ Guadalupe and Cerro de
brother to speak here Thursday
51-& 9.
ONE WAY
I
French invasion was both surprising and intuitive. He
might have selected General Jose Lopez Uraga, for example, a trained soldier of great technical knowledge
and proven skill since 1847. He knew European military
strategy and had distinguished himself in action during
the War of Reform. General Zaragoza, on the other hand,
was a brilliant but untutored guerrilla tactician from Coahuila. However, no one knew the military ability and
the 11 mitations of the Mexican soldier better, or had
greater confidence in his heroic endurance and courage.
It is interesting that Zaragoza in addressing his unpaid,
underfed, poorly clothed and armed troops never spoke
of winning or dying heroically, as Antonio Lopez de
Santa Ana often had. Zaragoza spoke confidently only of
total triumph.
,
PEDRO CORONA
brother.
But those of you who have read
up on the trial or have become
aware of the court 's in justices,
let's give our support by being
at the talk, and helpi ng in his crusade, either financi a lly or with
your time.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Publi s hed five days a week except
h oliday s and examination perio d s by
the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a seme s t er, $15 a year. Editorial office,
Keats Campus Building, t elephone
487-2486 . Business and · adverti s ing
office, College Union 31 7, telephon e
487-2266.
O pinions expressed in Collegian editorial s , inclu ding feature-editori a ls
and co m menta r ies by g u est wr iters ,
a re n ot necessarily tho s e of C ali. fo rnia State University, Fre s n o , or
the student body .
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Ed i tor . . . . . . . . Catalino Jac que s
R e.porte rs .
. . Nora A lv a rad o ,
Al.Casares, Miguel C o ntreras,
Leo G allegos, Thomas Hill ,
C y n_th ia Lu g o , Ron O r o zc o
Ph o t og r a ph er ·. . . . . . . . Ed Z e peda
HELP OTHERS
UP TO $40 A MONTH, ey 6EI NG ON A
REGULAR BLOOD PLASMA PROGRAM
The Refedory
BRING A STUDENT 1.D. AND RECEIVE A
.
FIRST TIME BONUS
HYLAND DONOR CENTER
412 F STREET
MONDAY THAU FRI DAY
7 AM to 3 PM
485-4821
CALL FOR INFORMATION
SPRING FEST!
May 2, 3 & 4
JOIN US!
GEORGE
NAGE-L
ASB PRES
A ~ROVEN LEADEll & STUDENT ADVOCATE
Loret6'. Also, Laurencez could not know that the general
in his twenties who led the flanking attack for Zaragoza
was the military genius who would eventually destroy
the armies of Emperor Maximilian. His name was General Porfirio Diaz, and this was his first major command. Before the battle, General Laurencez wrote his
government: "We have over the Mexicans such a superiority of race, organization, discipline, morality, and.
high ideals that even now, at the head of our valiant six
thousand soldiers, I am the master of Mexico." Famous
last words!
· carried his cavalry through soggy ditches, over a
crumbling adobe wall, and up the steep slopes of the
Cerro de Guadalupe. But their drive petered out before
reacning its objective, and over one thousand Frenchmen
. were left sprawled on the field, dead or dying. Laurencez
paid for his contempt. The Mexical!' army held, and then
Zaragoza led a counter-attack that drove Laurencez
back to Orizaba and, after a short reprieve,. attacked
him again and drove the remnants of his army to the
coast. This was the first time French troops had
met defeat in nearly half a century, and it was handed
them not by a major power of Europe but by the penniless, war-torn republic of Mexico. This battle for
Puebla, fought on May 5, is yearly commemorated in
Mexico by a national holiday, and there is hardly a
Mexican village, town, or city that does not call its
main street Cinco de Mayo."
"The victory of the Mexican Army in the Battle of
Cinco de Mayo had far-reaching consequences, national
as well as international.
As regards the international consequences, the defeat
of the French had resounding effects in Europe, tarnishing•
the brilliance of Napoleon III's prestige, enhancing the
honorable posture of the Spanish and British envoys,
destroying the slander spread there by the Conservatives that the Juarez government had no backing.
Furthermore, this Mexican vic_tory admirably prevented
an effective alliance between Napoleon and the Confederate States in the Civil War of the United States, which
could possibly have changed the endingofthatstruggle. A
historian says that on the Cinco de Mayo Zaragoza
defended at Puebla the integrity of the Mexican Fatherland and the North American Federation." (C. Gonzalez
Blackaller and L. Guevara Ramirez, Sintesis de historia de Mexico, p. 366).
·
With regard to the national consequences, the belief
· that the French were invincible in war was destroyed,
a belief the Conservative traitors themselves had used
to demoralize the defenders of the nation. Furthermore
Mexican -Americans, the~, have a double incentive to
cry proudly, •viva el Cinco de Mayo!" And other Americans, regardle.$s of national origins, have reason to
join them.
A popular American historian has briefly and fairly
accurately described the action that ensued:
crGeneral Laurencez, commanding 6000 well-trained
and handsomely uniformed dragoons and foot soldiers,
was given orders to occupy Mexico City. On the path of
his march to the capital was Puebla, defended by 4000
Mexicans armed with antiquated guns - many of which
had seen service at the battle ·of Waterloo fifty years
before, and had been bought at a bargain by Mexico's
ambassador to London. back in 1825, Com.mander of
Puebla's forces was Ignacio Zaragoza, an amateur
in tactical warfare, as were most of his officers, but a
· seasoned warrior in guerrilla fighting. Laurencez, to
show his ~ontempt for that ragtag army, called for a
charge up the middle of tne Mexican defenses at Zaragoza 's mo~t strongly fortified position. ·The charge
But the Cinco de Mayo did more than give Mexicans
their most glorious ·national holiday. A Mexican history text c~mments on its significance as follows:
La Raza bookstore
opens; help, needed
Volunteers are needed to help
operate the newly formed La .
Raza Bookstore, which opened
three weeks ago at the MECHA
Office in the College Religious
Center.
•we are finally established
now," said Ernesto Montoya,
CSUF student and coordinator of
the · bookstore. "We originally
sought office space at Tele-Mex
but it did not come through."
Montoya explained that volunteers may receive three units
credit from the La Raza class ·
Community Research under Victor Salaza r . The bookstore is
located at Shaw and Jackson Ave-
THE DAILY
COLLEGIAN
RECOMMENDS:
: the victory made the entire nation thrill with enthusiasm
and patriotism, thus encouraging the Mexican people to
continue their struggle against the invader without
flagging. By this victory, the Mexican Army also gained
an additional year in which to reinforce and reorganize
itself, forming new military cadres, in which almost
all the political elements of the nation were r_!!presented.
nues and is open several hours
each weekday morning and afternbon.
"The bookstore was set up to
help Chicanos with buying books
since the bookstore on campus
has real expensive books. If a
book costs $4 on campus, we~
sell it for $2.50," said Montoya.
The non-profit organization offers only books listed in the La
Raza Studies programs and are
available to all students.
"It started off as a. project,
but you can't really say it is a
project, though. It first started
off as a community research
class idea," said Montoya.
There is no limit to the number of students allowed to work
at - the bookstore. It currently
boasts a five-man staff headed
by Salazar.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOREditor:
With hopes of reviving student
government at CSUF, I am marking my ballot next to the name of
Thomas Hill.
Many student leaders have become discouraged. As a senator
. this year, I often found myself
very frustrated. But I look at
Thomas Hill and I see encouragement and enthusiasm. Beyond
the experience and qualifications
that have been made known,
Thom as has the integrity and the
stamina to do a job well.
His concern . is with the students' rights and interests. I
urge you to vote THOMAS HILL
for ASB President.
Lloyd Jansen
Senator-at-Large
Post 5
Business Student Association of
CSUF would like to express our
associated _ support for the
candidacy ·of Thomas Hill and
Sipriano Martinez for the office
of President and Administrative
Vite President of the Associated
Student Body.
Mike M. Juarez
President, CBSA
•
Editor:
We the membership ofChicano
ASB President . . . Thomas Hill
ASB Legislative Vice President
... Dave Davenport
ASB Administrative Vice Pres.
Sipriano MartiMez
SENATE POSTS:
POST 1 '
Alberto Lucero
. POST 2
Mario Galvan
POST 3
Marge Centrella
POST 4
Mary Coffey
POST 5
Mar ia Garcia
BOARD POSITIONS
Board on Athletics : Dianne Lamb
Board on Pe rfo rming Arts:
J ohn Erysian
Board on Publicat ions:
Glori a Acosta
College Union Board: Mimi Benck
·-_-v o·r E SCHMIDT
FOR -PRESIDENT
REEN' ·
CYCLERY
WHY?
1855 E. GETTYSBURG
(1 block east of Blackstone)
Phone 227-5331
INS1 ANT CREDIT
to the holder of any
MAJOR CREDIT CARD
ELEVEN
Because • • •
'
Junior Marketing major; Political Science minor
21 years old
Experience in student government
Senator for the School of Business
Mem ber of the Budget Committee for the School of
Business
Mem ber of the Senate Finance Committee
Member of the Senate Boards: Performing Arts
and Athletics
Member of the Senate Board Athletic Bu,dget Committee
Member of the lnter-Colleg·iate Athletic Ad Hoc
Committee to study the future of the ath I eti.c
programs at CSUF
He has studied in depth Budgeting Programs and the
history of their direction from 1966 to the
present
He has lobbied for student interest in Los Angeles
and sacramento for student interest this year
OPEN 24 HRS.
NEW-& USED. BICYCLESADULT 3-WHEELERS
CEDAR-SHAW
EXPERT REPAIRING, ALL MAKES& · MODELS
I
I~ - CSUF NEEDS
this_typ·~ of.. expe rience
VOTE
SCHMIDT FOR .PRESIDENT
/
4
THE DAIL y COLLEGIAN
BSU v,ithdrav,s support
Monday, April 30, 1973
crazy gypsy
By Luis Omar Salinas
111.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
nimble footed
and carefree
I
My spine shakes
to the songs
of women
I am heartless and lonely
and I whistle a tune
out of one of my dreams
where the world
babbles out loud
and Mexican hat check girls
do the Salinas Shuffle
a dance composed
by me in one
of my nightmares
and sold
for a bottle
of tequila.
write poems
on walls
that crumble
and fal I
I talk to shadows
that sleep
and go away
crying
I meet fearless girls
who tell me
their troubles
my lonliness
bottled up in their
tummy.
IV.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I waltz through avenues
of roses
to the song
of Mariachis
II.
I
am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I write songs
to my dead mother
hurl stones
at fat pol icemen
and walk on seaweed
in my dreams.
V.
I am Omar
the Mexican gypsy
I speak of love
as something
whimsical and aloof
and something
naked and cruel
I walk away from despair
I ike
a horse walks away
from his master
end up in jai I
eating powdered eggs
for breakfast.
I speak of death
as something inhabiting
the sea
awkward and removed
(Continued from Page 1)
and Williams became a candidate
for president. Depending on interpretations by news sources,
Williams was either expected to
drop out when a Chicano candidate entered the race or he was
forced out by the prospect of a
minority split in the vote.
Hill's reaction to the withdrawal was that it came because
he wouldn't give in to certain
BSU demands.
•I'm not going to cater to
special interest groups and I'm
not going to be anybody's puppet, " said Hill.
Hill's top opponent appears to
be Schmidt, the current Student
Senator for the School of Business, who is stressing experience
in his campaign.
There is no contest in the vice
presidential elections. Sipriano
Martinez is the sole candidate
for administrative vice president
and Dave Davenport is unopposed
for tbe legislative post.
In the six at-large senatorial
post races only two positions are
contested.
·
Mario Galvan and Maryann Soo
are running for Senator for Post
2 and candidates for Post 6 are
Daniel Casas and Matthew Potthast.
Running unopposed are Albert
Lucero, Post l; Marge Centrella,
Post 3; Mary Coffey, Post 4 and
Maria Garcia, Post 5.
Mimi Benck and Richard
Responte oppose each other for
the post of ser{ator for the College Union Board. Seeking the
post for the Board on Athletics
are Dianne Lamb, Felix Mata and
incumbent Chuck Noroian.
John Erysian is the lone candidate to represent the Board on
Performing Arts at the senate
while Gloria Acosta and Inetta
Hankins are vying for the post of
Senator for the Board on Publications.
Campaign damag·e
(Continued from Page 1)
whether this is a reflection on
the editor Gary Alexander, his
staff or both, but I imagine the
final responsibility is with the
Board on Publications, as it is
their responsibility to oversee
the operation of The Daily Collegian."
According to Nagel, Rocca also
felt that his campaign has been
hurt by a "conspiracy" of news
reporting by The Daily Collegian.
Nagel said that he "might file
a protest with the Board on
Publications• concerning Tuesday's article and felt that there
"is a need for guidelines• concerning the reporting of election
stories and the policy of editorial
endorsements of ASB candidates.
ASB Legislative Vice President Woody Brooks said this
morning that he is not supporting any candidates for the executive positions because "none of
them appear to be sufficiently
competent."
A Daily Collegian article last
week reported that Brooks' and
Adminis.trative Vice President
Hal Bolen's positions on the candidates was "uncertain at this
time, but (they) might be leaning
toward Hill."
LOCKSMITHS
All types opt"ned & re.pa.ired At Your Door or Our Stor<'
·
Auto-House-Trunks-Stores
-Foreign CarsPH: 227-6263
Louir's Lock &. Kry Shop
Cedar Lane Shopping Center
9 am•!> pm Daily-Sun. 10 am•S pm
I speak of hate
as something
ni bbling my ear •.••
SPECIALS
CANVAS
KEITH ENDSLEY
for
A.S.B. President
DEPENDABLE
EXPERIENCED
QUALIFIED
MATURE
ACTIVE
want ads
Must sell '65 Mere Montclair.
$275. 264-4590 Jose II i
Chairman FFA Field Day-Farm Records
Member of Executive and Advisory Board
of the CSUF Chi Id Day Care Center 1972- 73
Vote the man to represent the whole student
body - NOT just part
ELECT ENDSLEY
Typing done. English and French.
45¢ per page. Call Elizabeth
224-8560 after 5:30 p.m.
~:~!!~,95c
. \fil 595
BOTTOMS
EVERY
WED.
(during Spring Semester)
9am•4pm
STYROFOAM
AT
The Kennel Book Store
1
PELLETS
for bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
219
GLASSES
SUN
VOTE
FOR EQUALITY AND
EXPERIENCE IN OFFICE
. urges you
to,,, vote
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20%~~~~e9~~!
·
MARGE
CENTRELLA
MARY
COFFEY
I
/
SENATE
POST #3
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
for
SENATE
POST #4
Canvas - brushes
L iquetex - frames - oi Is
COMPLETE
CAMPING
EQUIPMENT
JUNGLE BOOTS
SHRE DDED
FOAM RUBBER
& Styrofoam P el lets
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
Every fifth o! May Puebla, the original •ctty of the
Angels" in the Western Hemisphere awakens to a
glorious day, a day which has won her the proud name
o! •Puebla la heroica. • For this is the commemoration
of the Batalla del Cinco de Mayo, May 5, 1862, when
Puebla repulsed a French attack. Around eleven in the
morning the school children of Puebla, decked out in
their uniformes de gala (dress uniforms) decorated with
identifying ribbons, march for four hours in a five mile
long parade through the center of the city. When the
parade reaches the zocalo (central plaza) the units of
the various schools march past the state and municipal
officials and salute them. The rest of the day is spent
in a grand fiesta with many of the citizens gaily dressed
in regional costumes, while bands play throughout the
city. There is dancing in the zocalo and other plazas.
At ten in the evening, the •combate de flores" (the
flower battle, an ancient Aztec tradition) takes place.
People throng to. the zocalo and adjoining streets throwing flowers at each other and present bouquets to
friends and strangers alike. Later, there are many
glittering private parties to cap the festivities.
During the day, the Mexican Army stages a sham
battle on the Cerro de Guadalupe, atop which stands the
fort, now a historical museum, which was the core of.
Puebla's defenses.
Throughout the Mexican Nation similar events take
place; and, in the ancient Aztec villege of Penon (the
rock), in the suburbs of Mexico City, a classic play is
enacted with a cast of public officials, soldiers, and
musicians. Not only does thE!"long drama follow closely
the historical events, but it contains long quotations from
the various diplomatic pronouncements and treaties which
preceded and followed the battle.
One may well ask why all the festivities, and thereby
hangs a glorious and interesting tale of intrigue, adventure, derring-do. and heroic patriotism. From 1858
to 1861, Mexico was wracked by a sanguinary and destructive civil war, the Guerra de la Reforma or Guerra
de Tres Anos. The conflict was a showdown between
the Jacobin radicals who called themselves puros and
the ultraconservative religious elements. They were all
Catholics, but they disagreed violently on the relations
between Church and State, as well as on the nature of the
State itself. The Liberals (as the puros were officially
called) favored a federalized republic and rejected their
Indo-Spanish-Catholic culture in favor of the Anglooriented-Protestant one of the United States. The Conservatives preferred a unitary republic on the French
model or a recreation of the Spanish monarchial state,
as well as the Europeonization of Mexican culture. To
bring about their ends, both sides courted foreign intervention: the Liberals that of the United States, the Conservatives that of France.
At the conclusion of the Guerra de la Reforma, which
the Liberals won with the aid of the United States, President Benito Juarez surveyed the ~orry state of his
country, drained physically and emotionally and utterly
devastated by a fratricidal war. Small surprise, then,
. that President Juarez declared a two-year moratorium
on the payment of Mexico's foreign debt. Although the
decision was dictated by absolute necessity, it }Vas catastrophic, for it furnished a pretext for foreign intervention. The time was propitious, for the. United States, itself embroiled in the bloody struggle between the Union
and Confederate forces, was in no position to enforce
the Monroe Doctrine which not only decried intervention
by non-American powers, but specifically banned the
further extension of the monarchical system inAmerica.
Napoleo.n III, Emperor of the French, had long dreamed
of a Catholic Latin American Empire which would counteract the Protestant Anglo-oriented United States. Also,
he was influenced by the dazzling vision of Mexican
riches dangled before his eyes by such Mexican exiles
as the ex-Liberal General Juan Almonte, the royalist
Jose ·Maria Gutierrez Estrada, and the ambitious Jose
Manuel Hidalgo who had distinguished himself against
the American invaders at the Battle of Churubusco in
1847. He was also influenced by his bastard half-brother,
the Due de Morny, who was a partner of J. B. Jecker,
a Swiss banker who held Mexican government bonds
worth fifteen million pesos.
Napoleon III prevailed on Britain and Spain to agree on
forcibly pressing their respective claims againstMexico
by means of a joint diplomatic mission backed by a powerful punitive expedition • . • a form of international
intimidation of small powers by large ones -commonly
(Continued on Page 2, Col. 1)
Semana d·e la Raza
celebration begins
Today signals the beginning of the Annual Semana De La Raza
celebration. To the Mexican it means celebrating the start of the long
and bloody revolution against the French in which final victory belonged to the Mexican people led by Don Benito Juarez. For the
Chicano it symbolizes the dedication to the proud heritage which has
enhanced our culture. Semana is for everyone and its success depends on your support and participation. QUE VIVA LA RAZA
UNIDA!
de
TODAY
DIA DE LA CULTURA
El dia De La Cultura was developed as part of Semana De La
Raza to provide an awareness of the Mexican Culture that surrounds
the contemporary Chicano. Through the Spanish language, Art,
Music , Literature and Dance, La Culture is a rich combination
of the Indio and the Estanol. The celebration of La Cultura .is
a Celebration of all that makes up La Raza. When we recognize
the contributions that the Mexican Culture has made to the life
of the Chicano and the life of the Southwest, we also recognize
the beauty, w·armth, and glory .of Mexico.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
10:40 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
10:00 Noon
1:00 P,M.
2:00 P.M.
Desayuno - (Brunch) College Union Lower Lounge
Proclamation by Al Villa, Attorney at Law, and City
Councilman, City of Fresno. College Union Lounge.
Dedication by Guadalupe De La Cruz, FSU Student
Body President. College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Mr. Manuel Pineda, Mexican Revolution
veteran and poet. College Union Lounge.
Danzantes de Aztlan, FSU dance group. CollegeUnion
Lounge.
Speaker -- Julio Cesar Gramajo, well known radio
and TV personality and poet from Guatemala. College
Union Lounge.
- Entertainment - Juan Mejicano and Los Hermanos
Navarro (singers). College Union Lounge.
TUESDAY
DIA DEL CAMPESINO
Throughout the history of the Chicano, we see a constant struggle
against the injustices suffered by the campesino. Through their
sacrifice and dedication, much has been done to improve the working
conditions which exist for farmworkers. It is because of their neverending fight to abolish working inequities, and their symbolic struggle
for justice that we dedicate Tue~day - El Dia De Los campesinos.
10:00 A.M.
10:30 A.M.
11:00 A.M.
11:30 A.M.
12:00 Noon
1:00 P.M.
1:15 P.M.
Desayuno. College Union Lower Lounge.
Film - "Campamiento," the struggle of the Chilean
campesino. College Union, room 312-314.
Speaker - Al Sorondo, member of Chicano Faculty and
Staff Association, CSUF. tollege Union Lounge.
Entertainment - CSUF Teatro, political satire acts.
College Union Lounge.
Speaker - Jose Rubio, UFW representative. College
Union Lounge.
Film - "Desicion at Delano," grape strike. College
Union, room 312-314.
Jose Alvarez, Sanger CommuRity organizer. College
Union Lounge.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
APRIL 30 - MAY 5
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
LXXVll / 123
CALI FORNI A STATE UNIVERSITY, FRESNQ
MONDAY, APRIL 30, 1973
Elections today: BSU withdraws
support of Hill, now backs Schmidt
The Black Student Union has
withdrawn its support of ASB
Presidential candidate Thomas
Hill.
Elections for all ASB posts are
being held today with booths in the
Free Speech Area, near San Ramon One, behind the Health Center, and in the quad between the
Social Science, Business and EdPsych Buildings.
Except for the booth in the Free
Speech Area, which closes at 7
p. m., all booths will close at
5 p.m.
Joe Guagliardo, election committee chairman, is having the
booths staffed by faculty wives
and the votes counted by the McLane High School Key Club. The
vote counting begins at 7:30 in the
International Room of the Cafeteria.
Last Wednesday, in the absence
of BSU President Thomas Williams, the BSU voted to support
Hill over the other four candidates, Keith Endsley, George
Na.gel, Michael Rocca and Kurt
Schmidt. Nagel has since withdrawn from the race and has not
yet indicated who he will support.
However, on Friday after Williams had returned to campus,
Eddie Gist, "acting president,. of
the group, issued a statement:
"BSU withdraws its support of
Thomas Hill as ASB President
and now supports and endorses
Kurt Schmidt for ASB President.
"We feel that Kurt is better
qualified to serve as president
for all minority students."
Asked why BSU had shifted its
support , Gist replied, "The reasoning is that Chicanos and
Blacks don't see eye to eye. We
don't feel that Hill will have an
open ear to all minority stu-
dents."
The action appears to be a .
final split between BSU and
MECHA, the Chicano group headed by Hill.
Before campaigning started, an
informal coalition was formed
(Continued on Page 4, Col. 4)
Eledion booth, signs damaged;
•
Nagel withdraws from race
fulfill the responsibility of the
The election booth belonging
office. It's more than a full time
to ASB presidential candidate
Thomas Hill was burned last · job and I wouldn't be 2.ble to
graduate next year if I won," he
night around 11 p.m.
said.
According to campus security,
Nagel also said that he was
there are no suspects and no
the "victim of 1unjust and unfair
leads. The booth was not denews reporting" by The Daily
stroyed; however, all the signs
Collegian. •1•ve never been able
displayed on the structure were
to overcome the negative pubconsumed. The smell of gasoline
licity which, in some cases, I
was apparent.
feel was editorializing."
Kurt Schmidt, one of . llill's
Nagel was referring to an aropponents, reported that many
ticle in last Tuesday's Daily
of his campaign signs were also
Collegian which reported that he,
destroyed late last night, forcing
him to make duplicate posters :Michael Rocca and Keith Endsley
were not •expected to mount vithis morning.
Some signs of other candidates able campaigns."
Nagel said that •this particular
were destroyed in an indiscrimincident is just another example
inate manner.
ASE presidential candidate of the general poqr quality of The
George Nagel withdrew early this Daily Collegian this semester, a
sentiment thousands of other stumorning, citing academic presdi<.•nts probably share. I don't know
sures as reasons for his action.
(':ontinued on Page 4, Col. 4)
•1 don't think I will be able to
2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Monday, April 30, 1973
History of Cinco
(Continued from Page l) ·
referred to in diplomatic and military circles as •showing the nag." When indulged in between major powers,
it is known less euphemistically as •rattling the sword."
Hts plan was ratified officially in the Longon Convention
on October 31, 1861 •. By this agreement the contracting
partt-es pledged themselves to respect the territorial integrity of .the Republic of Mexico. There were no provisions for changing . Mexico's form of government.
On January 9, 1862, the tripartite envoys, Count Dubois
de Saligny, General Juan Prim and Sir Charles Wyke,
met at Vera Cruz to discuss their claims. It soon became
clear that Spain and Britain's claims were just, whereas
France demanded the honoring of' the. Jecker bonds (the
. Due de Morny was to get thirty per cent) and an additional twelve million pesos in cash. France wanted no questions asked. She was unwilling or unable to furnish
valid proof.
Nevertheless, President Juarez and his representatives treated the tripartite expedition with courtesy and
consideration. Not only did he allow them to occupy Vera
Cruz unopposed but, by the Treaty of La Doledad, allowed the foreign troops to move fro·m the oppressive
heat of the disease-ridden •Hot Land" to the healthier
CHARTER FLIGHTS
de Mayo
climate of the Mexican Plateau, near Puebla. The allies
agreed to retreat to Vera Cruz, should hostilities break
out.
France's exorbitant demands and the rudely inflexible
attitude of Dubois de Saligny, who was a stooge of the
Due de Morny, soon caused a personality clash between
the French envoy and General Prim. Sir Charles Wyke
sided with the Spanish general. Tempers reached the
breaking point when the French· landed General Almonte.
and other Mexican imperial agents to engage in subversive activities under the protection of the nag of
France. At the urging of their representatives, Spain and
Britain recalled their expeditionary forces.
Napolean III then ordered the Commander in Chief of
his invading army, General Charles F. Latrille, Count
of Laurencez, to take Mexico City and overthrow the
Government of Mexico. On this occasion, as in almost
every instance in the French Intervention in Mexico,
France forgot her vaunted devotion to honor. General
Lurencez violated the treaty of Soledad and marched
directly towards Puebla, where an army under General
Ignacio Zaragoza blocked the way to the capital.
Juarez's choice of General Zaragoza to repel the
Juan Corona's
EUROPE
During "La Semana De La Ra-
za" there will be programs and
dealing with different
BRUSSELS I. speakers
aspects of our culture, including
S279.
art, music and dancing.
Along with these programs will
be many speaking out against the
ROUND TRIP-
injustices our people have suffered in the past and continue to
suffer at the present time.
One of our speakers is a man
who has witnessed the pain and
frustration of institutional racism and has seen his brother,
Health c_
a re program by
SPECIAL
LOW AIR FARES ON
INTER-EUROPEAN FLIGHTS
ISRAEL ~ AFRICA • ASIA
Family Health Services
The Family Health Service
Project is offering a new puhlic
INTERNATIONAL 1.0. CARDS
service designed to respond to
low-income families , in the
STUDENT EURORAIL PASSES
planned variation areas.
These flights are open to
Fresno County Econom ic OpStudents, Faculty, Staff
portunities Commission is -the
Employees, and their
applicant organization and will
immediate family .
administer th~ project through
CALL NOW . . .
; Family Planning.Charles II . Kyle
is the Project Director.
The F a mily Health ser vices
DETACH AND MAIL TODAY
•Project will provide a com preHealth Care P rogram in
(HARTER FLI GHTS INT. ilheocnsive
alized faciliti es to as s ure res995 MARKET STREET
i de11ts of th e Fresno City target
SAN F.RANCISCO, CA 94103
ALSO AVAILABLE--
(415) 392-8512
------------
Please mail me info r mat ion on fli gh ts
" You r C loses t F l o r i1-,f"
Name:----------- ■
Condits
A(l dress: ----------- ■
i'~~c
City,State,Zip: - - - - - - - -
Cedar & Shields Ph . 227-3564
Financial
HOWERS & GIAS
F i n est Co rs a ge s & Flora l Make- up
Independence
With
areas accessibility to medical
services for the entire family.
Evening clinics will make it
easier to bring the whole family.
The neighborhood clinics will
provide physical examinations,
VD testing, lab testing,healthin- .
formation .and referrals, pre- and
post-natal care . Health Education , better health practices and
preventative medici ne will be
e ncouraged, It is hoped that residents won't wait unti l they are
si ck before visiting the clini c. A
regular che ck,-up can'often preve nt s erious illnes s .
The scheduling fo r the clinics
will · be · held Monday through
Thursday fr om 6 p. m. to 10 p.m.
For mor e inform ation call 48 58 180 . Call to make an appointment today!
274 N. 1st
Fint _________
~, ,l9
Comer
at Mc:J{enzie
.
·
Household
Services
Juan Corona, unjustly arrested,
tried and convicted of a crime
too fantastic for anyone alone to
commit. Since then, Pedro Corona and other supporters have
launched what has become a nationwide drive to defend his
brother.
The Juan Corona Defense Committee has rece.ived funds from
as far away as Georgia. Committees have been set up in Texas, Colorado, Arizona and California, and at the same time _Pedro Corona was speaking in Parlier April 8, 1973, Reis Tejerina
was gathering support for Juan
at a mass rally in Albuquerque,
N.M .
-
While Pedro Corona was in
Parlier , C res Hernandez of the
Semana De La Raza committee
was able to sign a contract for
Pedro to speak on campus Thursday , May 3, at 8 p.m. in the Cafeteria .
The re is no need to give any of
the background as to why P edro
has picked up the crusade to save
his b rothe r.
We hav.e all felt
injusti ces in one form or another.
Sinre we know how he fee ls , let 's
give our s uppo r t in the fight
against the in stitutional racism
fqu nd in American courts .
For th ose of yo u who are still
dou bters, attend his ta lk . He
wil l be able to give a full account
of wha t really happ,med to his
BLOOD PLASMA
DONORS NEEDED
HELP SELF
Many have ·found employment
through Domestique Household
Services. Here is your chance to
work when you want at a good
salary. No more selling door-t~
door or hasslint · with l~ng lines of
waiting c1,1stomers.
Domestique
Household Services . places you in
private homes. This· temporary services agency provides opportunities
for contact with a variety of people.
Clients are available - Immediate
positions are open. P}:ione 233-7351
for an appointment.
General Laurencez, on the contrary, had formed a poor
concept of the Mexican soldier. When the bedraggied men
of the Conservative guerrilla leader, General Lorenzo
Marquez, straggled into his camp, the French general
noted they were barefooted, half-naked, and ill-armed.
Never having seen them in action, he concluded that
Mexico could easily be conquered with six thousand
French regulars. So contemptuous was he of Mexican
military ability, so sure that the Conservative and
deeply religious citizens of Puebla would betray the army
of the radical government of Juarez, that he decided on
a frontal attack of the two hills where General Zaragoza
had deployed his men, Cerro d~ Guadalupe and Cerro de
brother to speak here Thursday
51-& 9.
ONE WAY
I
French invasion was both surprising and intuitive. He
might have selected General Jose Lopez Uraga, for example, a trained soldier of great technical knowledge
and proven skill since 1847. He knew European military
strategy and had distinguished himself in action during
the War of Reform. General Zaragoza, on the other hand,
was a brilliant but untutored guerrilla tactician from Coahuila. However, no one knew the military ability and
the 11 mitations of the Mexican soldier better, or had
greater confidence in his heroic endurance and courage.
It is interesting that Zaragoza in addressing his unpaid,
underfed, poorly clothed and armed troops never spoke
of winning or dying heroically, as Antonio Lopez de
Santa Ana often had. Zaragoza spoke confidently only of
total triumph.
,
PEDRO CORONA
brother.
But those of you who have read
up on the trial or have become
aware of the court 's in justices,
let's give our support by being
at the talk, and helpi ng in his crusade, either financi a lly or with
your time.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Publi s hed five days a week except
h oliday s and examination perio d s by
the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a seme s t er, $15 a year. Editorial office,
Keats Campus Building, t elephone
487-2486 . Business and · adverti s ing
office, College Union 31 7, telephon e
487-2266.
O pinions expressed in Collegian editorial s , inclu ding feature-editori a ls
and co m menta r ies by g u est wr iters ,
a re n ot necessarily tho s e of C ali. fo rnia State University, Fre s n o , or
the student body .
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Ed i tor . . . . . . . . Catalino Jac que s
R e.porte rs .
. . Nora A lv a rad o ,
Al.Casares, Miguel C o ntreras,
Leo G allegos, Thomas Hill ,
C y n_th ia Lu g o , Ron O r o zc o
Ph o t og r a ph er ·. . . . . . . . Ed Z e peda
HELP OTHERS
UP TO $40 A MONTH, ey 6EI NG ON A
REGULAR BLOOD PLASMA PROGRAM
The Refedory
BRING A STUDENT 1.D. AND RECEIVE A
.
FIRST TIME BONUS
HYLAND DONOR CENTER
412 F STREET
MONDAY THAU FRI DAY
7 AM to 3 PM
485-4821
CALL FOR INFORMATION
SPRING FEST!
May 2, 3 & 4
JOIN US!
GEORGE
NAGE-L
ASB PRES
A ~ROVEN LEADEll & STUDENT ADVOCATE
Loret6'. Also, Laurencez could not know that the general
in his twenties who led the flanking attack for Zaragoza
was the military genius who would eventually destroy
the armies of Emperor Maximilian. His name was General Porfirio Diaz, and this was his first major command. Before the battle, General Laurencez wrote his
government: "We have over the Mexicans such a superiority of race, organization, discipline, morality, and.
high ideals that even now, at the head of our valiant six
thousand soldiers, I am the master of Mexico." Famous
last words!
· carried his cavalry through soggy ditches, over a
crumbling adobe wall, and up the steep slopes of the
Cerro de Guadalupe. But their drive petered out before
reacning its objective, and over one thousand Frenchmen
. were left sprawled on the field, dead or dying. Laurencez
paid for his contempt. The Mexical!' army held, and then
Zaragoza led a counter-attack that drove Laurencez
back to Orizaba and, after a short reprieve,. attacked
him again and drove the remnants of his army to the
coast. This was the first time French troops had
met defeat in nearly half a century, and it was handed
them not by a major power of Europe but by the penniless, war-torn republic of Mexico. This battle for
Puebla, fought on May 5, is yearly commemorated in
Mexico by a national holiday, and there is hardly a
Mexican village, town, or city that does not call its
main street Cinco de Mayo."
"The victory of the Mexican Army in the Battle of
Cinco de Mayo had far-reaching consequences, national
as well as international.
As regards the international consequences, the defeat
of the French had resounding effects in Europe, tarnishing•
the brilliance of Napoleon III's prestige, enhancing the
honorable posture of the Spanish and British envoys,
destroying the slander spread there by the Conservatives that the Juarez government had no backing.
Furthermore, this Mexican vic_tory admirably prevented
an effective alliance between Napoleon and the Confederate States in the Civil War of the United States, which
could possibly have changed the endingofthatstruggle. A
historian says that on the Cinco de Mayo Zaragoza
defended at Puebla the integrity of the Mexican Fatherland and the North American Federation." (C. Gonzalez
Blackaller and L. Guevara Ramirez, Sintesis de historia de Mexico, p. 366).
·
With regard to the national consequences, the belief
· that the French were invincible in war was destroyed,
a belief the Conservative traitors themselves had used
to demoralize the defenders of the nation. Furthermore
Mexican -Americans, the~, have a double incentive to
cry proudly, •viva el Cinco de Mayo!" And other Americans, regardle.$s of national origins, have reason to
join them.
A popular American historian has briefly and fairly
accurately described the action that ensued:
crGeneral Laurencez, commanding 6000 well-trained
and handsomely uniformed dragoons and foot soldiers,
was given orders to occupy Mexico City. On the path of
his march to the capital was Puebla, defended by 4000
Mexicans armed with antiquated guns - many of which
had seen service at the battle ·of Waterloo fifty years
before, and had been bought at a bargain by Mexico's
ambassador to London. back in 1825, Com.mander of
Puebla's forces was Ignacio Zaragoza, an amateur
in tactical warfare, as were most of his officers, but a
· seasoned warrior in guerrilla fighting. Laurencez, to
show his ~ontempt for that ragtag army, called for a
charge up the middle of tne Mexican defenses at Zaragoza 's mo~t strongly fortified position. ·The charge
But the Cinco de Mayo did more than give Mexicans
their most glorious ·national holiday. A Mexican history text c~mments on its significance as follows:
La Raza bookstore
opens; help, needed
Volunteers are needed to help
operate the newly formed La .
Raza Bookstore, which opened
three weeks ago at the MECHA
Office in the College Religious
Center.
•we are finally established
now," said Ernesto Montoya,
CSUF student and coordinator of
the · bookstore. "We originally
sought office space at Tele-Mex
but it did not come through."
Montoya explained that volunteers may receive three units
credit from the La Raza class ·
Community Research under Victor Salaza r . The bookstore is
located at Shaw and Jackson Ave-
THE DAILY
COLLEGIAN
RECOMMENDS:
: the victory made the entire nation thrill with enthusiasm
and patriotism, thus encouraging the Mexican people to
continue their struggle against the invader without
flagging. By this victory, the Mexican Army also gained
an additional year in which to reinforce and reorganize
itself, forming new military cadres, in which almost
all the political elements of the nation were r_!!presented.
nues and is open several hours
each weekday morning and afternbon.
"The bookstore was set up to
help Chicanos with buying books
since the bookstore on campus
has real expensive books. If a
book costs $4 on campus, we~
sell it for $2.50," said Montoya.
The non-profit organization offers only books listed in the La
Raza Studies programs and are
available to all students.
"It started off as a. project,
but you can't really say it is a
project, though. It first started
off as a community research
class idea," said Montoya.
There is no limit to the number of students allowed to work
at - the bookstore. It currently
boasts a five-man staff headed
by Salazar.
LETTERS TO THE EDITOREditor:
With hopes of reviving student
government at CSUF, I am marking my ballot next to the name of
Thomas Hill.
Many student leaders have become discouraged. As a senator
. this year, I often found myself
very frustrated. But I look at
Thomas Hill and I see encouragement and enthusiasm. Beyond
the experience and qualifications
that have been made known,
Thom as has the integrity and the
stamina to do a job well.
His concern . is with the students' rights and interests. I
urge you to vote THOMAS HILL
for ASB President.
Lloyd Jansen
Senator-at-Large
Post 5
Business Student Association of
CSUF would like to express our
associated _ support for the
candidacy ·of Thomas Hill and
Sipriano Martinez for the office
of President and Administrative
Vite President of the Associated
Student Body.
Mike M. Juarez
President, CBSA
•
Editor:
We the membership ofChicano
ASB President . . . Thomas Hill
ASB Legislative Vice President
... Dave Davenport
ASB Administrative Vice Pres.
Sipriano MartiMez
SENATE POSTS:
POST 1 '
Alberto Lucero
. POST 2
Mario Galvan
POST 3
Marge Centrella
POST 4
Mary Coffey
POST 5
Mar ia Garcia
BOARD POSITIONS
Board on Athletics : Dianne Lamb
Board on Pe rfo rming Arts:
J ohn Erysian
Board on Publicat ions:
Glori a Acosta
College Union Board: Mimi Benck
·-_-v o·r E SCHMIDT
FOR -PRESIDENT
REEN' ·
CYCLERY
WHY?
1855 E. GETTYSBURG
(1 block east of Blackstone)
Phone 227-5331
INS1 ANT CREDIT
to the holder of any
MAJOR CREDIT CARD
ELEVEN
Because • • •
'
Junior Marketing major; Political Science minor
21 years old
Experience in student government
Senator for the School of Business
Mem ber of the Budget Committee for the School of
Business
Mem ber of the Senate Finance Committee
Member of the Senate Boards: Performing Arts
and Athletics
Member of the Senate Board Athletic Bu,dget Committee
Member of the lnter-Colleg·iate Athletic Ad Hoc
Committee to study the future of the ath I eti.c
programs at CSUF
He has studied in depth Budgeting Programs and the
history of their direction from 1966 to the
present
He has lobbied for student interest in Los Angeles
and sacramento for student interest this year
OPEN 24 HRS.
NEW-& USED. BICYCLESADULT 3-WHEELERS
CEDAR-SHAW
EXPERT REPAIRING, ALL MAKES& · MODELS
I
I~ - CSUF NEEDS
this_typ·~ of.. expe rience
VOTE
SCHMIDT FOR .PRESIDENT
/
4
THE DAIL y COLLEGIAN
BSU v,ithdrav,s support
Monday, April 30, 1973
crazy gypsy
By Luis Omar Salinas
111.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
nimble footed
and carefree
I
My spine shakes
to the songs
of women
I am heartless and lonely
and I whistle a tune
out of one of my dreams
where the world
babbles out loud
and Mexican hat check girls
do the Salinas Shuffle
a dance composed
by me in one
of my nightmares
and sold
for a bottle
of tequila.
write poems
on walls
that crumble
and fal I
I talk to shadows
that sleep
and go away
crying
I meet fearless girls
who tell me
their troubles
my lonliness
bottled up in their
tummy.
IV.
I am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I waltz through avenues
of roses
to the song
of Mariachis
II.
I
am Omar
the crazy gypsy
I write songs
to my dead mother
hurl stones
at fat pol icemen
and walk on seaweed
in my dreams.
V.
I am Omar
the Mexican gypsy
I speak of love
as something
whimsical and aloof
and something
naked and cruel
I walk away from despair
I ike
a horse walks away
from his master
end up in jai I
eating powdered eggs
for breakfast.
I speak of death
as something inhabiting
the sea
awkward and removed
(Continued from Page 1)
and Williams became a candidate
for president. Depending on interpretations by news sources,
Williams was either expected to
drop out when a Chicano candidate entered the race or he was
forced out by the prospect of a
minority split in the vote.
Hill's reaction to the withdrawal was that it came because
he wouldn't give in to certain
BSU demands.
•I'm not going to cater to
special interest groups and I'm
not going to be anybody's puppet, " said Hill.
Hill's top opponent appears to
be Schmidt, the current Student
Senator for the School of Business, who is stressing experience
in his campaign.
There is no contest in the vice
presidential elections. Sipriano
Martinez is the sole candidate
for administrative vice president
and Dave Davenport is unopposed
for tbe legislative post.
In the six at-large senatorial
post races only two positions are
contested.
·
Mario Galvan and Maryann Soo
are running for Senator for Post
2 and candidates for Post 6 are
Daniel Casas and Matthew Potthast.
Running unopposed are Albert
Lucero, Post l; Marge Centrella,
Post 3; Mary Coffey, Post 4 and
Maria Garcia, Post 5.
Mimi Benck and Richard
Responte oppose each other for
the post of ser{ator for the College Union Board. Seeking the
post for the Board on Athletics
are Dianne Lamb, Felix Mata and
incumbent Chuck Noroian.
John Erysian is the lone candidate to represent the Board on
Performing Arts at the senate
while Gloria Acosta and Inetta
Hankins are vying for the post of
Senator for the Board on Publications.
Campaign damag·e
(Continued from Page 1)
whether this is a reflection on
the editor Gary Alexander, his
staff or both, but I imagine the
final responsibility is with the
Board on Publications, as it is
their responsibility to oversee
the operation of The Daily Collegian."
According to Nagel, Rocca also
felt that his campaign has been
hurt by a "conspiracy" of news
reporting by The Daily Collegian.
Nagel said that he "might file
a protest with the Board on
Publications• concerning Tuesday's article and felt that there
"is a need for guidelines• concerning the reporting of election
stories and the policy of editorial
endorsements of ASB candidates.
ASB Legislative Vice President Woody Brooks said this
morning that he is not supporting any candidates for the executive positions because "none of
them appear to be sufficiently
competent."
A Daily Collegian article last
week reported that Brooks' and
Adminis.trative Vice President
Hal Bolen's positions on the candidates was "uncertain at this
time, but (they) might be leaning
toward Hill."
LOCKSMITHS
All types opt"ned & re.pa.ired At Your Door or Our Stor<'
·
Auto-House-Trunks-Stores
-Foreign CarsPH: 227-6263
Louir's Lock &. Kry Shop
Cedar Lane Shopping Center
9 am•!> pm Daily-Sun. 10 am•S pm
I speak of hate
as something
ni bbling my ear •.••
SPECIALS
CANVAS
KEITH ENDSLEY
for
A.S.B. President
DEPENDABLE
EXPERIENCED
QUALIFIED
MATURE
ACTIVE
want ads
Must sell '65 Mere Montclair.
$275. 264-4590 Jose II i
Chairman FFA Field Day-Farm Records
Member of Executive and Advisory Board
of the CSUF Chi Id Day Care Center 1972- 73
Vote the man to represent the whole student
body - NOT just part
ELECT ENDSLEY
Typing done. English and French.
45¢ per page. Call Elizabeth
224-8560 after 5:30 p.m.
~:~!!~,95c
. \fil 595
BOTTOMS
EVERY
WED.
(during Spring Semester)
9am•4pm
STYROFOAM
AT
The Kennel Book Store
1
PELLETS
for bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
219
GLASSES
SUN
VOTE
FOR EQUALITY AND
EXPERIENCE IN OFFICE
. urges you
to,,, vote
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20%~~~~e9~~!
·
MARGE
CENTRELLA
MARY
COFFEY
I
/
SENATE
POST #3
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
for
SENATE
POST #4
Canvas - brushes
L iquetex - frames - oi Is
COMPLETE
CAMPING
EQUIPMENT
JUNGLE BOOTS
SHRE DDED
FOAM RUBBER
& Styrofoam P el lets
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615