La Voz de Aztlan, March 28 1973
Item
Title
La Voz de Aztlan, March 28 1973
Creator
Associated Students of Fresno State
Relation
La Voz de Aztlan (Daily Collegian, California State University, Fresno)
Coverage
Fresno, California
Date
3/28/1973
Format
PDF
Identifier
SCUA_lvda_00038
extracted text
•
• •
Corona Is
vIctIm
of
•
unfair p rosecut1on
By Ismael Hernandez
What has happened to Juan Corona in Yuba City is not unfamiliar
to our "Raza" in America. How
real is it for one of our brothers
to be picked up for a crime, and
because he cannot afford to get a
good lawyer, serves time for a
crime he never did. Or if he did
commit it, he would be serving
two or three more years for petit
crime that someone who could afford justice would be set free.
Think of the nightmare of being
locked up for something you did
not do, just because your skin is a
different color and you could not
afford a lawyer. Think of what
is going through that person's
mind. The anguish being suffered. The hate that is being built
up inside. It is no wonder that
many of our Pintos return to La
Pinta within a year of their release.
Thus think of the anguish of
Juan Corona, sef!tenced to 25
consecutive life terms for something he never did. Again it is
not hard to understand why the
man has suffered two heart attacks in · the two years he's been
under arrest. Along with his intense personal suffering, his
family has also shown signs of
pain and sorrow. In the two years
that Juan Corona has spent behind
bars, two of his sisters have died
of heart attacks.
His family and anyone else who
has known Juan cannot belie\ e
that he could be guilty of such
monstrous crimes. How can he
be convicted with no concrete evidence unless there was racial
discrimination in the part ·of the
judge, prosecution, jury (of which
only one was non-white) and the
whole judicial system, itself.
The following facts sho1,.1ld cast
some light to those still not familiar with the injustices that occurred. But it must be remembered that whenever there is a
reasonable doubt as to a person's
guilt the _doubt must be taken into
account first . For a person •ts
innocent till proven guilty."
· 1. judge Patton concealed the
fact that he was an old friend of
District Attorney Dave Teja's
father. The lawyer for prosecution.
2. Judge Patton ~efused to release Juan on bail. Judge Arnason released An·gela Davis on
bail.
3. At the trial, police had Juan
in chains so the jury would think
he was dangerous.
4. Judge Patton interfered in
Defense Attorney's questioning of
potential jurors, so he had to
challenge with peremptory challenge- Results: Defense Attorney had to accept jury or challenge and wind up with George
Wallace supporters.
5. Trial should have been assigned to San Francisco. Patton
refused so we would r.emain in
farm area •... conviction higher
in farm areas~
6. Patton denied Juan his right
to be co-counsel. This keeps
jury from knowing ~uan. Judge
Amason allowed Angela Davis to
be co-counsel.
7. Patton censored Defense
Attorney's opening statement.
8,
Eighteen contempt judgments. W~fe handed out to the Defense Atforney by Judge Patton.
Reason: A. To make Defense
Attorney look bad and rowdy. B.
To try to intimidate Defense Attorney and thus try to deny Juan
Corona a vigorous defense.
9. . Judg·e Patton's ruling in
court almost always favored the
prosecution, and was almost always wrong.
10. Defense Attorney received
material 26 times during course
of trial, most of which he should
have had before the trial.
11. The "gag rule,. was imposed after Sheriff's Department
had time to convict Juan Corona
in the press. D.A. leaked false
information to the press on many .
occasions.
·
12. Judge Patton committed
errors in instructing the jury.
13. D.A. committed mis-conducts by arguing defense did not
prove Juan Corona innocence.
14. Judge Patton did not adequately emphasize that D.A. had
to prove Juan Corona guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
(Continued on Page 3, Col. 1)
LA
de
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
California State University, Fresno
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28, 1973
LXXVII /106
Awareness is the key
Students grow politically
(Editor's note: This is the third
installment of a series examining
the great number of politically
passive Chicano students on campus.)
By Juanita Saragoza
The number . o"f Chicano students at California State University, Fresno has greatly i11creased in the last three years,
many of whom have come from
local junior colleges. J'hus, · in
making contact-with Chicano student groups, many Chicano students do so at the junior college
level.
In the val_ley few high schools
Danzantes will perforffl Friday night
Los Danzantes de Aztlan, a
group that performs a variety of
traditional Mexican dances, will
perform in Clovis Friday night at
Clark Auditorium at 8:00.
The wogram is , being sponsored by the Mexican-American
Clovis High Organization
(MACHO):,. Proceeds from the •
performance will be used to purchase costumes and help defray
rental costs of the cultural center
where the group-rehearses. Tickets are $1 for adults and 75 cents
for children, and may be purchased 'at the door or from any
member in the group.
One of the goals of the group is
to share its knowledge of dance
with the community, especially
children. Individual members of
the group have taught dancing to
students of all ages in various
valley schools and towns.
The group was formed in the
spring of 1971, and consists of
students of the Mexican Folklore
class offered by La Raza Studies
Department.
have politically motivated student
groups which makes the encounter the more powerful. Because
junior colleges have smaller student populations the •awareness"
and "visibility". of Chicano student groups is greater than in
larger institutions. Hence, · at
CSUF where 12,000 to 13,000 stu. dents •reside" , the profile of
Chicano student groups is diminished . Clearly, then, the problem of making contact with the
politically passive student is.
complicated by several factors:
(1) High school political experiences
(2) Junior college experience
(if applicable)
(3) CSUF political experience
(4) Degree of political awareness at all three levels.
In order to analyze the situation and to approach the problem,
we can take several avenues, yet
it seems that there is one crucial
factor - which is the degree of
political awareness of the student. It has happened over and
over again where someone who
was a •taco" in high school or
junior college all of a sudden becomes "active"; and there is a
tendency on the part of the pollticial •veterano" to put down the
"instant" Chicano. While such
skepticism is healthy to the
Movement, it can also destroy a
lot of potential good Chicanos.
Moreover, it is the function of
, the Movement to liberate the
minds of the brainwashed, and as
a result of the Movement, there
will be and spould be amny who
were afraid at the initial stages
but whose political realization
since the beginning of the Movement has •turned them on.•
Thust in encountering the po11.tically shy student we must recognize that many of us have been
similarly naive.
In additiou,
there is a tendency for us to be
impatient with the politically
passive student, asking him to
make an immediate political metamorphosis." Furthermore too
many of us expect such students
to accept our words as if they
were gospel. Miraculously, our
truth is supposed to be selfevident. ButMovern.ent veterans
seem to disdain the •ins..t!.n tchicano, and yet we expect them to
react to us as instant coffee re-
acts to boiling water. All this is
often true at both the junior college and CSUF.
However, a more common occurence is that the politically shy
student will not seek Chicano
student groups; and M.E.C.H.A. 's,
Adentas, etc., do nothaveactive,
on-going programs to bring in new
members. For example, at CSUF
much of the •new blood" in
M.E.C.H.A., etc., have . been the
incoming freshmen who attended
the summer institute.
Clearly, then, the contact with
the politically passive student
can be summarized as the following:
(1) A gradual process
(2) Personalized
93) Positive
( 4) Consistent. ·
We see this in the summer institute where there w~;:; a sixweek program (point #1); many
Chicano student counselors and
advisers (point #2); the Chicanos
got together to have a coordinated
welcoming program, introducing
new students to La Raza Studies
teachers, and student leaders and
ideas (point #3); during this time
the •cast of characters• remained very stable (point #4).
The intention was not to •brainwash" the new student rather to
acquaint them to a reallty previously unperceived. As a consequence, many of those students
:followed up their initial policizatlon by joining M.E.C.H.A., etc.,
in the fall.
Some might say that it was the
summer ·1nst1tute that politicized
the new students rather the truth
is that most ·of the students were
given a chance to establish a personal relationship with many ot ·
the Chicario student leaders;thus
their participation. Culturally,
Chicanos put a great deal of emphasis on the personalization of
relationships, which makes the
process of "contact" with the politically pass! ve student a gradual
one. For ·this reason La Raza
Studies courses can play an important part in making contact
with the politically passive student.
In our next installment we will
attempt to tie the themes above
together; the politically passive
student, Chicano student gr_oups,
and La Raza Studies.
GaU:.v, (M
GLAD W& GOT
T06£THEA ..... 'lev IC.aow
wt HAY£ To.-.;......
• .....~:.-w.--
LA voz.·
·2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Chicana-not
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
women's
lib
In the very short time that! have been here I, and quite a few other
Chicanas, have been subject to having many of our Chicano men call
us •women's libbers." From what I understand, many of these girls
have been subjected to it longer than I. The way it seems, probably
after everybody finishes reading this, they'll probably say I'm on ~
women's lib trip again.
Where to begin is hard to say. It started some time ago when the
Chicana was not as active in the movement. For generation~, Mexican women had al~ays lived for the days in which they were considered women, and were considered ready to marry. Marriage was
the most important thing that a woman waited for in life, because it
was considered useless for a woman to go out and further educate
herself. Her main priority was to cook, clean, take care of her children and keep her man happy.
Compare that woman with many of our women today. You'll find
that many of the differences lie in what you have just read. Another
thing is that you hardly ever heard her voice and her opinions on
what she felt was wrong or right. Again, I '11 ask you to compare
these two.
What we are doing today and what women did ten years ago are
different in IJ)any senses. It seems that today's Chicanas are more
outspoken, educated and politicized. Maybe that's why many Chicanos
feel as they do, since they are used to giving the orders, and having
· their women follow them.
I'm not going to say that we are tired of being told what to do, we're
just tired of sitting back and just taking everything in. Taking what in?
Orders? No. Just everythingBOTHChicanomenandwomen have been
subjected to for a long time in this country - racism, discrimination, oppression and exploitation. Just simply this.
It seems that many -of you have failed to open your eyes to see
that we are Raza too. That we; too, have suffered in the many fields
of life that you have. Everything you see that has to he changed in
the system because it is corrupting us, don't forget, it is both women
and men who are being corrupted.
You tell some 40-year-old woman huelgista that her place is in
the home, not out there picketing Saf~way or striking at D' Ar!iago
Ranches. Her reply will make you wish you had never told her that.
Because she knows why she is out there - so do the men, the campesinos - · that's why they are out there together.
We all have Cesar Chavez, but we all-also have Dolores Huerta.
I'm not saying that we all want to go out and he Dolores Hu&rtas,
just a voice of opinion and action without being marked as "women's
libbers." And ·also without being called, as one guy termed us, "a
bunch of punks." Women's Lib is a WHITE woman's trip. Many of
us feel that we should not be compared to a lot of these white women,
_since our struggles cannot be compared, either:.
Voicing my opinion is nbt just for women, but for La Raza. As for
beirig a "women's libber /' please don't shame me with that label.
By Maria Zapata
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week except
ho1idays and examination periods . by
, the Fresno State · College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $1 S a year. Editorial office ,
Keats Campus Building, telephone
487-2486 . Business and advertising
office, College Union 317 , telephone
487-2266.
Opinions expressed in Collegian editorials , including feature-editorials
and commentaries by guest writers ,
are not n e c e ssarily those of California State Univ<'~sity, . Fresno , or
the student body.
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Co-editors . . . . Susanna Hernandez,
Catalino Jacques
Reporters . .. . . . . . Nora Alvarado,
Al Casares, Miguc·I Contreras,
Leo Gallegos, Tomas Hill,
Ron Orozco
Photographer . . .. . . . . Ed Z e peda
''THE .KENNEL''
BOOKSTORE
SPECIAL DISCOUNT
FRIDAY, MARCH 30
10o/o:
\'iS
.SPO~SOllED 'BY
l)~IJ\OC.lAT s~NAT&
-Z.£Nov,c.t-1 AnJ>
I\EPUBL·ICAN HARMd
CUAaA·NTees No
CHICANO S!NATa8'
Zenovich, Harmer sel')ate bill
would destroy Chicano distriC:t
Dem. Senator George Zenovich
and Rep. Senator John Harmer
have co-sponsored a reapportionment plan (SB 195) which
places insurmountable obstacles
in the path of gaining Chicano
representation in the state Senate.
The Democrat representing
Fresno County has apparently
had a lapse of men10ry concerning all those promises he made
to Chicanos wher1 he ran for his
post.
He continually espoused
the theme that as a represef!tative of the Democratic Party
(The People's Party) he could
represent all the people's inter -est.
Unfortunately, now that Georgie is in office , it is evidently
convenient to forget F res no
County's Chicanos , who comprise
31 per cent of the total county
population. In addition to butchering num0
erous counties with no regard for the redistricting committee. The
district merges an urgan area
criteria established as guidelines
with a rural agricultural one.
for _ reapportionment, such as
In· addition, it deletes the core .
geography and common interest,
area of East Los Angeles, Pohe further demonstrated his dismona and fringe Chicano barrios.
dain by neglecting senatorial repIt also is one of the largest disresentation for the 1.2 million
tricts in the state.
Chicanos residing in East Los
Angeles and Boyle Heights . .
Due to the opposition of ChiGeorgie thought he could pull
canos, Blacks and other groups
a • traditional political sellout
. the bill was held up in committee.
without getting caught. However,
However, this does not mean it
on March 19 a Chicano demonhas been deleted , only temporarstration outside his Fresno office
ily stymied.
placed unfavorable publicity on
his part in the authorship of SB
It will take a concerted effort
195.
by all Raza to defeat this bill.
Georgie then dr~w up a soMore importantly , it ernphasizes
called "Chicano district" in Los
the need for Chicanos to deviate·
Angeles extending far into San
from the two-party system. AcBernardino County • .. In fact , he
tions similar to Zenovich's will
drew it up so hurriedly that the give impetus to the. efforts of La
amendment could not be printed
Raza Unida party to develop the
for a committee hearing on March
viable alternative of Chicano rep. 20.
resentation in the state of CaliHe ·presented it orally before
fornia.
Adelitas seek more··. members By Kathy Sanchez
to each member to go out of her
way to find out when the . next
Las Adelitas has a problem!
meeting is, ·either through flyers
CHICANAS, you have the answer
or by asking at La Raza Studies
to the problem. We have reached
a point of non-communication office. It is also the members'
among members. Las Adelitas . obligation to encourage new Chican only exist on its members' canas to become involved with
input. The past couple of meet- Las Adelitas. The awareness of
ings the attendance was poor. Is the unity of the Chicanas on campus must come from every indithere a problem with time, place
vidual Chicana, NOW!
or class conflict? If so, let the
The next scheduled Adellta
officers know! A new time or
meeting will be an 'evening meetplace can be arranged. It is up
ing on Wednesday, April 4, at
7-9 p.m , in the Collegiate Room
of the Cafeteria. Stella Jaurequi
will be guesLspeaker ~ Stella will
speak on Women's Health and
also the available services offered at the Family Planning Center in Fresno. Not just in the way of birth control, but in
general information all women
should know about her health.
This meeting will be open also.to
all Chicana students attending
Fresno City College. Let's hope
we can have a good turnout from
both colleges. This meeting will
be a good time to bring unity
among ourselves as Chicanas and
at the same time learn some very
important information about our
health that we will be able to
pass on to other Chicanas.
Other business will be dis-. cussed at this meeting. Come
with ideas that can build a stronger group that represents you the
way you want Adelitas to represent the Chicanas on campus. Be
sure the word gets passed around.
This is an important meeting.
Refreshments will be served.
Chicanas mark this date on your
calendar and be there!
Anais Nin
ALL ITEMS
Anais Nin, author and lecturer, will speak in the CU Lounge
tonight at 8 p.m. Her first work,
"D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study," appeared in 1932.
She has most recently won international acclaim for "The Diary of Anais Nin."
Ch i~a nas ·eva I u ate ·goa Is;
Press ignores real cause
aware of new role
for Wounded \Knee _siege
By Ruth Saludes
Last Saturday marked the first
statewide Chicana Warne.n's Conference held in Sacramento.
There were 17 Chicanas from the
CSUF campus who participated
and the total number of womenin
attendance at the conference was
approximately 400. Representing an parts of the state, they
ranged in age from college student to grandmother. The purpose of the conference was to
provide these women an opportunity to re-examine their roles
evaluate their goals, re-orient
their priorities, and share their
ideas.
Q2.
What about competition?
A2. It's an Anglo thing.
Q3, Is there a difference between competition and aggression?
·
Maybe we need to be aggressive .
And the dialogues, ideas and
emotions went on and on.
cano men from this conference
and future conferences of this
nature.
3. We feelChicanopeoplehave
been oppressed as a group, therefore we have to fight those social.
· forces such as racism and discrimination as a group.
4. We do not accept that the
problems. in Chicano communities are internal but rather that ·
they stem from' so'c ial, economical, and political structures of
Anglo-Saxon North AmericanSociety. ,
At the Worn en in Politics Workshop the topic of voter registration and th~ need for more active
participation was discussed. One
woman- said, we must register _ Judging by the number of participants, questions, and enthupeople because with.out votes we
siasm it would be fair to ·s ay that
have no voice in government.
the conference was a success.
Mention was also made of the
The day's activities were di-Many of us went away With a great
need for support of bills AB 86
vided into two sections, each condeal of new things to think about.
-an equal oppo·rtunity, affirmasisting of four workshops and a
tive action bill-and AB 355-a
The Chicana of today is a new
variety of topics: self-evaluation,bill supporting unemployment inChicana with a new consciousfamily, health, religion, politics, . surance for farm workers. It
ness. Many of us are college
career orientation, we 1 fa re
was also felt that a Spanish surstudents
no longer accepting that
rights, and legal rights~ The two
name is not the only criterion by
our place is only in the home,
workshops which had the majority · which a candidate would be judge-ct
with a husband and a family, but
of attendance were self-evaluaand given voter support. He must
this does not mean that we want
tion and women in politics.
clearly demonstrate his awareto exclude those things from our
ness of the problems and support
The overall consensus of the
lives. With this new found conof
the people first. The group also
sciousness a woman· begins to
group attending the self-evaluadiscussed the recent cuts in the
tion workshop was that they were
exert herself in other ways outManpower Programs and various
already aware of the problems
side the home. At this point, the
other programs. Child care was
and were. more concerned with
man begins to feel threatened and
another
issue.
The
workshop
solutions and goals. An exchange
claims that worn en are losing reof dialogues such as the follow- • terminated with the formation of a
spect, becoming independent and
group to organize lobbyists to
Ing occurred amongst this group:
forgetting the home. This is
fight for needed legislation.
not true in fact. What men fail
Ql.
How do you deal with
to realize is that women are
In addition to the number of
people calling you a vendida?
.working towards the same goals
workshops which took place,
Al. Don't worry about what
as they are-freedom from an
there was also a group which drew
people think of you.
up a set of resolutions and pre- , oppressive, domineering society.
sented them to the body for a vote.
A man should recognize and
A2. You have to develop your
The resolutions proposed and
own priorities and make your own
respect his woman's new found
voted on unanimously by all the
awa,reness and pqtential, visualself-evaluation.
You can't go
women in attendance were the
izing it as a strength to the movaround always worrying about
following:
imiento rather than a-weakness.
being accepted by or pleasing
A man who recogriizes his womeveryone.
.We the Mujeres Chicanas who
an's strength and intelligence
represent many Chicano barrios
A3. In order to understand
and reenforces that strength and
throughout
Aztlan
resolve
the
ourselves we have to look at our
. intelligence with his own, will
following:
own history. We have to see
-greatly lighten his load.
where we've been to know where
· 1. We feel that our Indian siswe're going. We have to talk to . ters and brothers have been conour grandmothers , cousins, aunts
sistently treated unjustly and
MECHA dance
and mothers . The s.c ars are still
therefore recognize the Oglala
MECHA of City College is
on our fac~s , our bodies, and
Nation at Wounded Knee South
sponsoring a dance tonight at the
everywhere . We're going tohave
.Dakota and support their efforts.
Rainbow Ballroom. PaPa Bear
to talk across difference~ in age,
and Friends, Statons, Monsanto
sex, class and other distinctions
2. We feel that all Chicano
and the Fascinations will proso that we can break down the
people have been oppressed as a
vice the music. Tickets are$1.50
barriers that society has imposed
people · and we should not join in
in advance and $1. 75 at the door.
on us.
that oppresslon by excluding Chi-
Wednesday, March 28, 1~73
Since Feb. 27, 1973 the general news services have presented misleading views of the
Indians at Wounded Knee. The
news has stated that the Indians
were drunk, burning buildings and
shooting indiscriminately at federal agents (these newscasts were
heard on the local radio stations
around the Wounded Knee area).
This news is false. Also the
news has never asked the Indians
in Wounded Knee why they are
really there. This information is
vital so that people can understand why the Indians have become so dissatisfied that they
have had to resort to violence in
order to be heard.
The 'problems of the Oglala
Sioux, as history has recorded
have been caused by broke~
treaties and promises. The recent trouble started with the
election of Dick Wilson, a quarter
Indian, as tribal chairman. He
became, in effect, a Hitler, using
terrorism and theft to suppress
the Indians' demands for lands
to farm, and a voice in their own
affairs.
For a year the Sioux lived in
virtual fear for their lives because Wilson had formed wh~t the
Sioux call a "goon squad." Who,
according to the members of the
New Oglala Sioux Sovereign Na-tion Committee, would beat up
Indians and destroy their property if they did not conform. so._
outside help was requested by the
Indians of the Wounded Knee area.
This was the AIM (American
Indian Movement) headedbyRussel Means and Dennis Banks, and
with the consent o~ the people of
the Sioux Reservation (not Dick
Wilson), seized the small hamlet
of Wounded Knee.
The reputable unbtased coverage by the press stated the Indians had AK47 machine guns
(Soviet made) and were merely
a disorganized band of drunken
power-mad Indians,
As reported by a member of
the Minority Advisory Committee
sent to talk to the Indians, only
two such guns were seen during
their eight day stay and Russel
Means passed a mandate that no
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
· alcoholic beverages or other
drugs would be tolerated.
In an interview with Meredith
Quinn, the legal.representative
, of the Sioux, he said the Indians
j have gone out of their way in
Wounded Knee to preserve the
peace. _It has been the •goon
squad" who have been the instigators of trouble between the
federal •agents and the Indians.
And the federal agents have, on
occasion, tried to infiltrate the
settlement and on another occasion attempted to assassinate
Russel Means and Dennis Banks.
As to the blockade, no federal
order was called for the withdrawal and no withdrawal was actually made, only a retreat from
their original positions to another
position, one mile further away.
This was in hopes that the 200
Indians occupying Wounded Knee
would _leave, but they didn't and
400 to 500 more went in with supplies.
To date no news has mentioned
that any other members of the
minority groups or other factors
are there in Wounded Knee. When
the last blockade was set, some
20 Chicanos, 10-12 Blacks and
some members of the VV AW
(Vietnam Veterans Against the
War) were in the area giving support.
Wounded Knee is now more than
a cry of the Sioux. It is a coalition of people who want to see the
Indians get a fair deal. There is
no nationalism in Wounded Knee,
• All of us are brothers," Dennis
Banks said. And all the people
interviewed felt the same way,
The situation is growing. The
people of Wounded Knee need
support, food and medicine. But
whether they get it or whether the
news media helps or hinders,
they will stay and have sworn to
die fighting for the rights they
never had that others have •
7-ELEVEN
OPEN 24' HRS.
CEDAR-SHAW
Th~nk you'd like to try
a ~~Blue Chip'-' career?
Corona: ;ustice denied
(Continued from Page 1)
15. Judge Patton should have
granted bail when prosecuting
Attorney Bart Wiliams said he
had a reasonable doubt.
16. Jurors drank, played cards
and watched television at night
during the deliberations.
17. Bailiff and Matron evesdropped on jury deliberations.
18.
Matron Georgia Wallis
tampered with jury. Judge Patton endorsed jury tampering by
refusing to grant a new trial.
19. Judge Patton who was so
concerned with time, gave three
prosecuting attorneys 5 days to
prepare their argument to the
jury.
20. Long trial usually takes
four days per week. Patton went
five days because the defense had
no relief. Three D,A. 's able to
rotate, thus they could prepare
and rest when they were out of
court, and defense Attorney could
not rest or prepare because he
had · to be in court five days per
week.
defense attorney Richard Hawk
attempted to prove a point of law,
"that he knew the law but HE ruled
in that court."
25.
When defense_ attorney
called his client by his first name,
"Juan," Judge Patton found him
in contempt ..•. five days and
$500.
.
"Justicia Para Juan Corona!!"
I
PSA
wlll grlri and bear
' _· ----.:~.,.... state.
Why not talk to those who know all about
it? The Blue Chip people at Connecticut
Mutual Life.
We can tell you it offers a lot that's hard to
find anywhere else these days. Wide open
_opportunities to go as high as your abilities
and efforts can take you ... the freedom to
choose your own territory and clientele ...
the satisfaction of performing a worthwhile
service for .others. If all this sounds good to
·you, we'd like to talk with you aboutthe
opportunities our unique Sales and Sales
Management Program can offer young men
and women. And we'll be frank about the
pitfalls, too.
Why not ask your placement office to
arrange an interview with;
Jomes W. Shaner, CL U
General Agent
Friday, April 6, 1973
Placement Office
Time: 9 a.m.-4 p.m.
·
.21. Judge ignored broken chain
of evidence.
22. Judge allowed evidence
with no i:dentification card, as to
where or when or how they found
it to be admitted.
23. Judge stated in court, when
20 times a day.
F~om Fresno, you can smile away to Los
Angeles, San Francisco, and Stockton. And return. Call your campus
rep or PSA and ask about our easy-to-bear, low fare.
'
PSA gives you a lift.
3
Connecticut Mutual
Life
THE BLUE CHIR COMPANY• SINCE J 846
1
4
THE DAILY OOLLEGIAN
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
CALI.SA leads fight for rights
(Editor's note:
The following
ts a portion of an article written
del
by carlosRubenCordova,CAUSA
editor.)
I take this opportunity to proudly introduce the CAUSA organization to the many wadus throughout Aztlan, and in do_ing so, included is only a portion of the
great Chicano history of our existance h~re at Soledad Norte. The
name CAUSA, in .itself, signifies
our organization structure and
solid foundaUons of a pre-eminent group stressing emphasis on
our emblem, the Chicano Pinto
ders they are called. We are all
ex-offenders, the only difference
is that some of us got caught. All
too often the rest of us tend to
forget our carnales y carnalas en
la pinta.
I feel that the time for a change
of attitude is long overdue. From
what? I've noticed that over the
past two semesters people are
starting to open their eyes a little more, but they are not completely open yet.
Here on the CSUF campus there
is also a Pinto College Program.
The purpose of this program is
to help Pintos come into school
for a higher education when they
come out of the pintas.
The enrollment at this time
consists of Chicanos, Blacks and
Anglos. If you know of anyone
interested in coming into school
,under this program or information about Soledad, you may contact the EOP office (487-1021).
Also if anyone would like to know
further information about the
Pinto College Program or about
Soledad feel free to call.
Pintos face new hardships
after returning to society
1rno
Action program offers
.assistance for community
ACTION is a proposal that was assigned to their areas and exoriginated through the Social Sci-- - pected to live in that community
ence Department here at CSUF. for the duration of one year. They
The Social Science Department
be living in the same type
deals with impoverished people of housing and experience the
and areas in the County of Fres- same problems that the migrants
no.
.will be experiencing.
The ACTION Program began
To understand what p e op 1 e
on Feb. 5, 1973, to last one fuU ( especially migrants) have to go
year, terminating next February. through, the ACTION volunteers
It · is not yet known if this promust be well informed. Some of
gram will be in effect after its the areas that will he emphafirst year.
sized are Consumer Education,
The ACTION volunteers have Health Ed, and giving people
been enrolled in school for a simple information about welminimum of six units up to a fare. Health round-up clinics for
maximum of 12 units. They are the migrants will_be used as one
salaried similar to- VISTA and of the inlets to the migrant popuPeace Corps programs. The lation.
monthly salary is $230, with a
The volunteers will undergo a
$50 a month stipend. You must
training program to orient them
be enrolled in the program at with the type of work they will
ieast six months in order to rebe · doing. Orientation will be
ceive the stipend.
continuous throughout the year.
The idea of this program is for
The program runs through sumstudents to get more meaningful
mer, in conjunction with the idea
off-campus experience. The prothat migrants are at peak season
gram shows the relevancy of goin the summer months.
ing out in the community to work,
Recruitment will continue to
after living a campus life.
be an ~n-going project. Appli- ACTION is a good lesson in
cations are still heing accepted.
working with a·gencies·, tolerating
For the MAP, contact Barry
red . tape, and at the same time,
Caffee at the Thomas Administrying to keep the enthusiasm of
tration Building, room 123.
the students who have volunteered
For the RAP, contact Lester
for the program.
Riggins in Black Studies, San
There are two programs under
Ramon 4 , room 245, if you are
ACTION. Reading Assistance
interested.
Program"'(RAP) . which ls supervised by Lester Riggins, and
the Migratory Assistance Program (MAP), supervised by Barry Caffee. Coordinators for this
program are Stella Jauregui and
Kate Karikka.
The RAP is being done in
Fresno City schools. Students in
the program are giving assistance
to children with special problems in reading.
The MAP will cover Fresno
County. Volunteers in this program wUl be stationed in different rural areas. Areas that have
now been approved by ACTION
staff are: Huron, Coalinga, Westside, Reedley, Sanger, Biola and
Mendota. Plneda~.e is still being
reviewed. The volunteers will be
wlll
CHARTER
FLIGHTS
International - Domestic
!SIC Cards- Student Rail Passes
DAVE HALPERN
Campus Travel Advisor
Student Services West, Inc.
21 IB Graves Hall - CSUF
Phone 487•3651
The above is not sponsored by the
CSUC or the FSC Association, Inc.
The organization was founded
in 1967 by equcated, informed,
interested and determined Chicanos who recognized the need of
•La Raza" to become aware of
the oppression being inflicted upon them by the political, educaThere is a need to offer greater
tional, economical, social and
opportunity in all areas of vocatech·nological society... At that
tional training and in higher edtime, the organizaMon was named
ucation to Pintos ( ex-convicts)
•Grupo Cultural Latino-Ameriin correctional institutions and
cano (Latin-American Cultural
in the outside community.
Group).. . Our name and emblem
What La Raza fails to realize
were changed in 1972 to our presis that a large number of our
ent CAUSA and Pinto emblem.
carnales and carnalitas are now
We have come a long way since
oppressed by confinement. Sta. 1967 but we are still striving to
tistics show that Chicanos repreach our goals. Our goals are
resent 16. 7 per cent and Chicanas
to living our Raza together in
9.4 per cent of the inmate popuunity, to overcome our misfor- · lation in California Penal Institunes. We as ethnic and minoritutions. (Aforementioned statisty groups have so many.
tics are as of June 30, 1972). La
We must educate outselves and
Raza is also unaware and has been
reach total awareness of what has
misled as to what does really
kept us down for so many years.
confront our carnales.
We must strive in all aspects to
At present, failure exists in rereach this awareness; awareness
socializing and re-integrating the
in the full sense of the word.
Pinto. Historically, society has
Our struggle may seem implaced the Pinto, -the Tecato and
possible for some people. But
others en la Pinta. Thus, the offrom inside these walls, we Chi- . fender is severed from society
canos know that nothing is i-m and placed in a locality where he
possible. our Brown Hearts are
can theoretically be kept from
too strong to say give up. No!!!
committing undesirable acts. BeWe drive and keep on going, yellcause isolation, in virtually eyery
ing, Que Viva La Raza!! Que
situation, prevents posit i ve
Viva La Causal! Remember Chigrowth. Then the Pinto is recanos, the strength is in the Unileased possessing more negative
ty! Unidos Venceremos! Y Que
traits than he originally hand; He
Viva La Raza!!
has been given, in most cases,
.I have found that many people
nave a stereotype of Pintos , excons, or whatever you wish to
THEATRE
call them. These stereotypes
1324 W. Shield~
come many times from movies,
television programs and the news
One Show Nightly - 8 p.m.
media.
Because of these stereotypes
the Pinto is often ignored and
Friday, Saturday, Sunday
forgotten by people outside. "Out
Mar. 30, 31 & April 1
of sight, out of mind." Ex-offen"A MAN AND A WOMAN"
PARK
"BELLE DE JOUR•
MOBILE
HOME
12x60 Mobile home . swimming
pool, front & rear bathrooms
with baths shag carpets, custom
drapes. immediate possession.
l 500 Villa. Space I 06 . Clovis
Open all day Thurs . & Sat.
Fri,Sat,Sun-April 6,7,8
the Royal Ballet
Rudolf Nureyev and
Margo F onteyn
"ROMEO AND JULIET '1
only one reason for changing his
pre-prison patterns - the experience of Interment (the act of
interring) a threat he has always
been aware of.
Upon his release from incarceration, the Pinto is expected to
become a viable member of society. However, the Pinto returning to an environment similar to
that which he left after committing the convicting offense will
eventually fall into the same patterns and more than likely commit an equivalent crime.
Society should come to the aid
of the oppressed when conditions
,become unbearable. But do our
people have to rely on society to
come to our aid?
Educating our people, the Pinto
in some way wi ll be the key to
our progress.
SPECIALS
CANVAS
~~!!!.95~
\\1
595
BOTTOMS
STYROFOAM
PELLETS
for . bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
21,
GLASSES
SUN
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20% ~~~~e9J!~!
Canvas - brushes
liquetex - frames - oils
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
WOOL tii~s 5
SHIRTS 3'
SHREDDED
FOAM so~
RUBBER
JACKETS
$ 295
LB.
S;~LLES
& UP
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
apt. $45. Call Linda at
268-0390 AFTER 6:00 P .M.
NICE
237-361S
.
..
• •
Corona Is
vIctIm
of
•
unfair p rosecut1on
By Ismael Hernandez
What has happened to Juan Corona in Yuba City is not unfamiliar
to our "Raza" in America. How
real is it for one of our brothers
to be picked up for a crime, and
because he cannot afford to get a
good lawyer, serves time for a
crime he never did. Or if he did
commit it, he would be serving
two or three more years for petit
crime that someone who could afford justice would be set free.
Think of the nightmare of being
locked up for something you did
not do, just because your skin is a
different color and you could not
afford a lawyer. Think of what
is going through that person's
mind. The anguish being suffered. The hate that is being built
up inside. It is no wonder that
many of our Pintos return to La
Pinta within a year of their release.
Thus think of the anguish of
Juan Corona, sef!tenced to 25
consecutive life terms for something he never did. Again it is
not hard to understand why the
man has suffered two heart attacks in · the two years he's been
under arrest. Along with his intense personal suffering, his
family has also shown signs of
pain and sorrow. In the two years
that Juan Corona has spent behind
bars, two of his sisters have died
of heart attacks.
His family and anyone else who
has known Juan cannot belie\ e
that he could be guilty of such
monstrous crimes. How can he
be convicted with no concrete evidence unless there was racial
discrimination in the part ·of the
judge, prosecution, jury (of which
only one was non-white) and the
whole judicial system, itself.
The following facts sho1,.1ld cast
some light to those still not familiar with the injustices that occurred. But it must be remembered that whenever there is a
reasonable doubt as to a person's
guilt the _doubt must be taken into
account first . For a person •ts
innocent till proven guilty."
· 1. judge Patton concealed the
fact that he was an old friend of
District Attorney Dave Teja's
father. The lawyer for prosecution.
2. Judge Patton ~efused to release Juan on bail. Judge Arnason released An·gela Davis on
bail.
3. At the trial, police had Juan
in chains so the jury would think
he was dangerous.
4. Judge Patton interfered in
Defense Attorney's questioning of
potential jurors, so he had to
challenge with peremptory challenge- Results: Defense Attorney had to accept jury or challenge and wind up with George
Wallace supporters.
5. Trial should have been assigned to San Francisco. Patton
refused so we would r.emain in
farm area •... conviction higher
in farm areas~
6. Patton denied Juan his right
to be co-counsel. This keeps
jury from knowing ~uan. Judge
Amason allowed Angela Davis to
be co-counsel.
7. Patton censored Defense
Attorney's opening statement.
8,
Eighteen contempt judgments. W~fe handed out to the Defense Atforney by Judge Patton.
Reason: A. To make Defense
Attorney look bad and rowdy. B.
To try to intimidate Defense Attorney and thus try to deny Juan
Corona a vigorous defense.
9. . Judg·e Patton's ruling in
court almost always favored the
prosecution, and was almost always wrong.
10. Defense Attorney received
material 26 times during course
of trial, most of which he should
have had before the trial.
11. The "gag rule,. was imposed after Sheriff's Department
had time to convict Juan Corona
in the press. D.A. leaked false
information to the press on many .
occasions.
·
12. Judge Patton committed
errors in instructing the jury.
13. D.A. committed mis-conducts by arguing defense did not
prove Juan Corona innocence.
14. Judge Patton did not adequately emphasize that D.A. had
to prove Juan Corona guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
(Continued on Page 3, Col. 1)
LA
de
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
California State University, Fresno
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28, 1973
LXXVII /106
Awareness is the key
Students grow politically
(Editor's note: This is the third
installment of a series examining
the great number of politically
passive Chicano students on campus.)
By Juanita Saragoza
The number . o"f Chicano students at California State University, Fresno has greatly i11creased in the last three years,
many of whom have come from
local junior colleges. J'hus, · in
making contact-with Chicano student groups, many Chicano students do so at the junior college
level.
In the val_ley few high schools
Danzantes will perforffl Friday night
Los Danzantes de Aztlan, a
group that performs a variety of
traditional Mexican dances, will
perform in Clovis Friday night at
Clark Auditorium at 8:00.
The wogram is , being sponsored by the Mexican-American
Clovis High Organization
(MACHO):,. Proceeds from the •
performance will be used to purchase costumes and help defray
rental costs of the cultural center
where the group-rehearses. Tickets are $1 for adults and 75 cents
for children, and may be purchased 'at the door or from any
member in the group.
One of the goals of the group is
to share its knowledge of dance
with the community, especially
children. Individual members of
the group have taught dancing to
students of all ages in various
valley schools and towns.
The group was formed in the
spring of 1971, and consists of
students of the Mexican Folklore
class offered by La Raza Studies
Department.
have politically motivated student
groups which makes the encounter the more powerful. Because
junior colleges have smaller student populations the •awareness"
and "visibility". of Chicano student groups is greater than in
larger institutions. Hence, · at
CSUF where 12,000 to 13,000 stu. dents •reside" , the profile of
Chicano student groups is diminished . Clearly, then, the problem of making contact with the
politically passive student is.
complicated by several factors:
(1) High school political experiences
(2) Junior college experience
(if applicable)
(3) CSUF political experience
(4) Degree of political awareness at all three levels.
In order to analyze the situation and to approach the problem,
we can take several avenues, yet
it seems that there is one crucial
factor - which is the degree of
political awareness of the student. It has happened over and
over again where someone who
was a •taco" in high school or
junior college all of a sudden becomes "active"; and there is a
tendency on the part of the pollticial •veterano" to put down the
"instant" Chicano. While such
skepticism is healthy to the
Movement, it can also destroy a
lot of potential good Chicanos.
Moreover, it is the function of
, the Movement to liberate the
minds of the brainwashed, and as
a result of the Movement, there
will be and spould be amny who
were afraid at the initial stages
but whose political realization
since the beginning of the Movement has •turned them on.•
Thust in encountering the po11.tically shy student we must recognize that many of us have been
similarly naive.
In additiou,
there is a tendency for us to be
impatient with the politically
passive student, asking him to
make an immediate political metamorphosis." Furthermore too
many of us expect such students
to accept our words as if they
were gospel. Miraculously, our
truth is supposed to be selfevident. ButMovern.ent veterans
seem to disdain the •ins..t!.n tchicano, and yet we expect them to
react to us as instant coffee re-
acts to boiling water. All this is
often true at both the junior college and CSUF.
However, a more common occurence is that the politically shy
student will not seek Chicano
student groups; and M.E.C.H.A. 's,
Adentas, etc., do nothaveactive,
on-going programs to bring in new
members. For example, at CSUF
much of the •new blood" in
M.E.C.H.A., etc., have . been the
incoming freshmen who attended
the summer institute.
Clearly, then, the contact with
the politically passive student
can be summarized as the following:
(1) A gradual process
(2) Personalized
93) Positive
( 4) Consistent. ·
We see this in the summer institute where there w~;:; a sixweek program (point #1); many
Chicano student counselors and
advisers (point #2); the Chicanos
got together to have a coordinated
welcoming program, introducing
new students to La Raza Studies
teachers, and student leaders and
ideas (point #3); during this time
the •cast of characters• remained very stable (point #4).
The intention was not to •brainwash" the new student rather to
acquaint them to a reallty previously unperceived. As a consequence, many of those students
:followed up their initial policizatlon by joining M.E.C.H.A., etc.,
in the fall.
Some might say that it was the
summer ·1nst1tute that politicized
the new students rather the truth
is that most ·of the students were
given a chance to establish a personal relationship with many ot ·
the Chicario student leaders;thus
their participation. Culturally,
Chicanos put a great deal of emphasis on the personalization of
relationships, which makes the
process of "contact" with the politically pass! ve student a gradual
one. For ·this reason La Raza
Studies courses can play an important part in making contact
with the politically passive student.
In our next installment we will
attempt to tie the themes above
together; the politically passive
student, Chicano student gr_oups,
and La Raza Studies.
GaU:.v, (M
GLAD W& GOT
T06£THEA ..... 'lev IC.aow
wt HAY£ To.-.;......
• .....~:.-w.--
LA voz.·
·2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Chicana-not
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
women's
lib
In the very short time that! have been here I, and quite a few other
Chicanas, have been subject to having many of our Chicano men call
us •women's libbers." From what I understand, many of these girls
have been subjected to it longer than I. The way it seems, probably
after everybody finishes reading this, they'll probably say I'm on ~
women's lib trip again.
Where to begin is hard to say. It started some time ago when the
Chicana was not as active in the movement. For generation~, Mexican women had al~ays lived for the days in which they were considered women, and were considered ready to marry. Marriage was
the most important thing that a woman waited for in life, because it
was considered useless for a woman to go out and further educate
herself. Her main priority was to cook, clean, take care of her children and keep her man happy.
Compare that woman with many of our women today. You'll find
that many of the differences lie in what you have just read. Another
thing is that you hardly ever heard her voice and her opinions on
what she felt was wrong or right. Again, I '11 ask you to compare
these two.
What we are doing today and what women did ten years ago are
different in IJ)any senses. It seems that today's Chicanas are more
outspoken, educated and politicized. Maybe that's why many Chicanos
feel as they do, since they are used to giving the orders, and having
· their women follow them.
I'm not going to say that we are tired of being told what to do, we're
just tired of sitting back and just taking everything in. Taking what in?
Orders? No. Just everythingBOTHChicanomenandwomen have been
subjected to for a long time in this country - racism, discrimination, oppression and exploitation. Just simply this.
It seems that many -of you have failed to open your eyes to see
that we are Raza too. That we; too, have suffered in the many fields
of life that you have. Everything you see that has to he changed in
the system because it is corrupting us, don't forget, it is both women
and men who are being corrupted.
You tell some 40-year-old woman huelgista that her place is in
the home, not out there picketing Saf~way or striking at D' Ar!iago
Ranches. Her reply will make you wish you had never told her that.
Because she knows why she is out there - so do the men, the campesinos - · that's why they are out there together.
We all have Cesar Chavez, but we all-also have Dolores Huerta.
I'm not saying that we all want to go out and he Dolores Hu&rtas,
just a voice of opinion and action without being marked as "women's
libbers." And ·also without being called, as one guy termed us, "a
bunch of punks." Women's Lib is a WHITE woman's trip. Many of
us feel that we should not be compared to a lot of these white women,
_since our struggles cannot be compared, either:.
Voicing my opinion is nbt just for women, but for La Raza. As for
beirig a "women's libber /' please don't shame me with that label.
By Maria Zapata
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week except
ho1idays and examination periods . by
, the Fresno State · College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $1 S a year. Editorial office ,
Keats Campus Building, telephone
487-2486 . Business and advertising
office, College Union 317 , telephone
487-2266.
Opinions expressed in Collegian editorials , including feature-editorials
and commentaries by guest writers ,
are not n e c e ssarily those of California State Univ<'~sity, . Fresno , or
the student body.
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Co-editors . . . . Susanna Hernandez,
Catalino Jacques
Reporters . .. . . . . . Nora Alvarado,
Al Casares, Miguc·I Contreras,
Leo Gallegos, Tomas Hill,
Ron Orozco
Photographer . . .. . . . . Ed Z e peda
''THE .KENNEL''
BOOKSTORE
SPECIAL DISCOUNT
FRIDAY, MARCH 30
10o/o:
\'iS
.SPO~SOllED 'BY
l)~IJ\OC.lAT s~NAT&
-Z.£Nov,c.t-1 AnJ>
I\EPUBL·ICAN HARMd
CUAaA·NTees No
CHICANO S!NATa8'
Zenovich, Harmer sel')ate bill
would destroy Chicano distriC:t
Dem. Senator George Zenovich
and Rep. Senator John Harmer
have co-sponsored a reapportionment plan (SB 195) which
places insurmountable obstacles
in the path of gaining Chicano
representation in the state Senate.
The Democrat representing
Fresno County has apparently
had a lapse of men10ry concerning all those promises he made
to Chicanos wher1 he ran for his
post.
He continually espoused
the theme that as a represef!tative of the Democratic Party
(The People's Party) he could
represent all the people's inter -est.
Unfortunately, now that Georgie is in office , it is evidently
convenient to forget F res no
County's Chicanos , who comprise
31 per cent of the total county
population. In addition to butchering num0
erous counties with no regard for the redistricting committee. The
district merges an urgan area
criteria established as guidelines
with a rural agricultural one.
for _ reapportionment, such as
In· addition, it deletes the core .
geography and common interest,
area of East Los Angeles, Pohe further demonstrated his dismona and fringe Chicano barrios.
dain by neglecting senatorial repIt also is one of the largest disresentation for the 1.2 million
tricts in the state.
Chicanos residing in East Los
Angeles and Boyle Heights . .
Due to the opposition of ChiGeorgie thought he could pull
canos, Blacks and other groups
a • traditional political sellout
. the bill was held up in committee.
without getting caught. However,
However, this does not mean it
on March 19 a Chicano demonhas been deleted , only temporarstration outside his Fresno office
ily stymied.
placed unfavorable publicity on
his part in the authorship of SB
It will take a concerted effort
195.
by all Raza to defeat this bill.
Georgie then dr~w up a soMore importantly , it ernphasizes
called "Chicano district" in Los
the need for Chicanos to deviate·
Angeles extending far into San
from the two-party system. AcBernardino County • .. In fact , he
tions similar to Zenovich's will
drew it up so hurriedly that the give impetus to the. efforts of La
amendment could not be printed
Raza Unida party to develop the
for a committee hearing on March
viable alternative of Chicano rep. 20.
resentation in the state of CaliHe ·presented it orally before
fornia.
Adelitas seek more··. members By Kathy Sanchez
to each member to go out of her
way to find out when the . next
Las Adelitas has a problem!
meeting is, ·either through flyers
CHICANAS, you have the answer
or by asking at La Raza Studies
to the problem. We have reached
a point of non-communication office. It is also the members'
among members. Las Adelitas . obligation to encourage new Chican only exist on its members' canas to become involved with
input. The past couple of meet- Las Adelitas. The awareness of
ings the attendance was poor. Is the unity of the Chicanas on campus must come from every indithere a problem with time, place
vidual Chicana, NOW!
or class conflict? If so, let the
The next scheduled Adellta
officers know! A new time or
meeting will be an 'evening meetplace can be arranged. It is up
ing on Wednesday, April 4, at
7-9 p.m , in the Collegiate Room
of the Cafeteria. Stella Jaurequi
will be guesLspeaker ~ Stella will
speak on Women's Health and
also the available services offered at the Family Planning Center in Fresno. Not just in the way of birth control, but in
general information all women
should know about her health.
This meeting will be open also.to
all Chicana students attending
Fresno City College. Let's hope
we can have a good turnout from
both colleges. This meeting will
be a good time to bring unity
among ourselves as Chicanas and
at the same time learn some very
important information about our
health that we will be able to
pass on to other Chicanas.
Other business will be dis-. cussed at this meeting. Come
with ideas that can build a stronger group that represents you the
way you want Adelitas to represent the Chicanas on campus. Be
sure the word gets passed around.
This is an important meeting.
Refreshments will be served.
Chicanas mark this date on your
calendar and be there!
Anais Nin
ALL ITEMS
Anais Nin, author and lecturer, will speak in the CU Lounge
tonight at 8 p.m. Her first work,
"D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study," appeared in 1932.
She has most recently won international acclaim for "The Diary of Anais Nin."
Ch i~a nas ·eva I u ate ·goa Is;
Press ignores real cause
aware of new role
for Wounded \Knee _siege
By Ruth Saludes
Last Saturday marked the first
statewide Chicana Warne.n's Conference held in Sacramento.
There were 17 Chicanas from the
CSUF campus who participated
and the total number of womenin
attendance at the conference was
approximately 400. Representing an parts of the state, they
ranged in age from college student to grandmother. The purpose of the conference was to
provide these women an opportunity to re-examine their roles
evaluate their goals, re-orient
their priorities, and share their
ideas.
Q2.
What about competition?
A2. It's an Anglo thing.
Q3, Is there a difference between competition and aggression?
·
Maybe we need to be aggressive .
And the dialogues, ideas and
emotions went on and on.
cano men from this conference
and future conferences of this
nature.
3. We feelChicanopeoplehave
been oppressed as a group, therefore we have to fight those social.
· forces such as racism and discrimination as a group.
4. We do not accept that the
problems. in Chicano communities are internal but rather that ·
they stem from' so'c ial, economical, and political structures of
Anglo-Saxon North AmericanSociety. ,
At the Worn en in Politics Workshop the topic of voter registration and th~ need for more active
participation was discussed. One
woman- said, we must register _ Judging by the number of participants, questions, and enthupeople because with.out votes we
siasm it would be fair to ·s ay that
have no voice in government.
the conference was a success.
Mention was also made of the
The day's activities were di-Many of us went away With a great
need for support of bills AB 86
vided into two sections, each condeal of new things to think about.
-an equal oppo·rtunity, affirmasisting of four workshops and a
tive action bill-and AB 355-a
The Chicana of today is a new
variety of topics: self-evaluation,bill supporting unemployment inChicana with a new consciousfamily, health, religion, politics, . surance for farm workers. It
ness. Many of us are college
career orientation, we 1 fa re
was also felt that a Spanish surstudents
no longer accepting that
rights, and legal rights~ The two
name is not the only criterion by
our place is only in the home,
workshops which had the majority · which a candidate would be judge-ct
with a husband and a family, but
of attendance were self-evaluaand given voter support. He must
this does not mean that we want
tion and women in politics.
clearly demonstrate his awareto exclude those things from our
ness of the problems and support
The overall consensus of the
lives. With this new found conof
the people first. The group also
sciousness a woman· begins to
group attending the self-evaluadiscussed the recent cuts in the
tion workshop was that they were
exert herself in other ways outManpower Programs and various
already aware of the problems
side the home. At this point, the
other programs. Child care was
and were. more concerned with
man begins to feel threatened and
another
issue.
The
workshop
solutions and goals. An exchange
claims that worn en are losing reof dialogues such as the follow- • terminated with the formation of a
spect, becoming independent and
group to organize lobbyists to
Ing occurred amongst this group:
forgetting the home. This is
fight for needed legislation.
not true in fact. What men fail
Ql.
How do you deal with
to realize is that women are
In addition to the number of
people calling you a vendida?
.working towards the same goals
workshops which took place,
Al. Don't worry about what
as they are-freedom from an
there was also a group which drew
people think of you.
up a set of resolutions and pre- , oppressive, domineering society.
sented them to the body for a vote.
A man should recognize and
A2. You have to develop your
The resolutions proposed and
own priorities and make your own
respect his woman's new found
voted on unanimously by all the
awa,reness and pqtential, visualself-evaluation.
You can't go
women in attendance were the
izing it as a strength to the movaround always worrying about
following:
imiento rather than a-weakness.
being accepted by or pleasing
A man who recogriizes his womeveryone.
.We the Mujeres Chicanas who
an's strength and intelligence
represent many Chicano barrios
A3. In order to understand
and reenforces that strength and
throughout
Aztlan
resolve
the
ourselves we have to look at our
. intelligence with his own, will
following:
own history. We have to see
-greatly lighten his load.
where we've been to know where
· 1. We feel that our Indian siswe're going. We have to talk to . ters and brothers have been conour grandmothers , cousins, aunts
sistently treated unjustly and
MECHA dance
and mothers . The s.c ars are still
therefore recognize the Oglala
MECHA of City College is
on our fac~s , our bodies, and
Nation at Wounded Knee South
sponsoring a dance tonight at the
everywhere . We're going tohave
.Dakota and support their efforts.
Rainbow Ballroom. PaPa Bear
to talk across difference~ in age,
and Friends, Statons, Monsanto
sex, class and other distinctions
2. We feel that all Chicano
and the Fascinations will proso that we can break down the
people have been oppressed as a
vice the music. Tickets are$1.50
barriers that society has imposed
people · and we should not join in
in advance and $1. 75 at the door.
on us.
that oppresslon by excluding Chi-
Wednesday, March 28, 1~73
Since Feb. 27, 1973 the general news services have presented misleading views of the
Indians at Wounded Knee. The
news has stated that the Indians
were drunk, burning buildings and
shooting indiscriminately at federal agents (these newscasts were
heard on the local radio stations
around the Wounded Knee area).
This news is false. Also the
news has never asked the Indians
in Wounded Knee why they are
really there. This information is
vital so that people can understand why the Indians have become so dissatisfied that they
have had to resort to violence in
order to be heard.
The 'problems of the Oglala
Sioux, as history has recorded
have been caused by broke~
treaties and promises. The recent trouble started with the
election of Dick Wilson, a quarter
Indian, as tribal chairman. He
became, in effect, a Hitler, using
terrorism and theft to suppress
the Indians' demands for lands
to farm, and a voice in their own
affairs.
For a year the Sioux lived in
virtual fear for their lives because Wilson had formed wh~t the
Sioux call a "goon squad." Who,
according to the members of the
New Oglala Sioux Sovereign Na-tion Committee, would beat up
Indians and destroy their property if they did not conform. so._
outside help was requested by the
Indians of the Wounded Knee area.
This was the AIM (American
Indian Movement) headedbyRussel Means and Dennis Banks, and
with the consent o~ the people of
the Sioux Reservation (not Dick
Wilson), seized the small hamlet
of Wounded Knee.
The reputable unbtased coverage by the press stated the Indians had AK47 machine guns
(Soviet made) and were merely
a disorganized band of drunken
power-mad Indians,
As reported by a member of
the Minority Advisory Committee
sent to talk to the Indians, only
two such guns were seen during
their eight day stay and Russel
Means passed a mandate that no
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
· alcoholic beverages or other
drugs would be tolerated.
In an interview with Meredith
Quinn, the legal.representative
, of the Sioux, he said the Indians
j have gone out of their way in
Wounded Knee to preserve the
peace. _It has been the •goon
squad" who have been the instigators of trouble between the
federal •agents and the Indians.
And the federal agents have, on
occasion, tried to infiltrate the
settlement and on another occasion attempted to assassinate
Russel Means and Dennis Banks.
As to the blockade, no federal
order was called for the withdrawal and no withdrawal was actually made, only a retreat from
their original positions to another
position, one mile further away.
This was in hopes that the 200
Indians occupying Wounded Knee
would _leave, but they didn't and
400 to 500 more went in with supplies.
To date no news has mentioned
that any other members of the
minority groups or other factors
are there in Wounded Knee. When
the last blockade was set, some
20 Chicanos, 10-12 Blacks and
some members of the VV AW
(Vietnam Veterans Against the
War) were in the area giving support.
Wounded Knee is now more than
a cry of the Sioux. It is a coalition of people who want to see the
Indians get a fair deal. There is
no nationalism in Wounded Knee,
• All of us are brothers," Dennis
Banks said. And all the people
interviewed felt the same way,
The situation is growing. The
people of Wounded Knee need
support, food and medicine. But
whether they get it or whether the
news media helps or hinders,
they will stay and have sworn to
die fighting for the rights they
never had that others have •
7-ELEVEN
OPEN 24' HRS.
CEDAR-SHAW
Th~nk you'd like to try
a ~~Blue Chip'-' career?
Corona: ;ustice denied
(Continued from Page 1)
15. Judge Patton should have
granted bail when prosecuting
Attorney Bart Wiliams said he
had a reasonable doubt.
16. Jurors drank, played cards
and watched television at night
during the deliberations.
17. Bailiff and Matron evesdropped on jury deliberations.
18.
Matron Georgia Wallis
tampered with jury. Judge Patton endorsed jury tampering by
refusing to grant a new trial.
19. Judge Patton who was so
concerned with time, gave three
prosecuting attorneys 5 days to
prepare their argument to the
jury.
20. Long trial usually takes
four days per week. Patton went
five days because the defense had
no relief. Three D,A. 's able to
rotate, thus they could prepare
and rest when they were out of
court, and defense Attorney could
not rest or prepare because he
had · to be in court five days per
week.
defense attorney Richard Hawk
attempted to prove a point of law,
"that he knew the law but HE ruled
in that court."
25.
When defense_ attorney
called his client by his first name,
"Juan," Judge Patton found him
in contempt ..•. five days and
$500.
.
"Justicia Para Juan Corona!!"
I
PSA
wlll grlri and bear
' _· ----.:~.,.... state.
Why not talk to those who know all about
it? The Blue Chip people at Connecticut
Mutual Life.
We can tell you it offers a lot that's hard to
find anywhere else these days. Wide open
_opportunities to go as high as your abilities
and efforts can take you ... the freedom to
choose your own territory and clientele ...
the satisfaction of performing a worthwhile
service for .others. If all this sounds good to
·you, we'd like to talk with you aboutthe
opportunities our unique Sales and Sales
Management Program can offer young men
and women. And we'll be frank about the
pitfalls, too.
Why not ask your placement office to
arrange an interview with;
Jomes W. Shaner, CL U
General Agent
Friday, April 6, 1973
Placement Office
Time: 9 a.m.-4 p.m.
·
.21. Judge ignored broken chain
of evidence.
22. Judge allowed evidence
with no i:dentification card, as to
where or when or how they found
it to be admitted.
23. Judge stated in court, when
20 times a day.
F~om Fresno, you can smile away to Los
Angeles, San Francisco, and Stockton. And return. Call your campus
rep or PSA and ask about our easy-to-bear, low fare.
'
PSA gives you a lift.
3
Connecticut Mutual
Life
THE BLUE CHIR COMPANY• SINCE J 846
1
4
THE DAILY OOLLEGIAN
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
CALI.SA leads fight for rights
(Editor's note:
The following
ts a portion of an article written
del
by carlosRubenCordova,CAUSA
editor.)
I take this opportunity to proudly introduce the CAUSA organization to the many wadus throughout Aztlan, and in do_ing so, included is only a portion of the
great Chicano history of our existance h~re at Soledad Norte. The
name CAUSA, in .itself, signifies
our organization structure and
solid foundaUons of a pre-eminent group stressing emphasis on
our emblem, the Chicano Pinto
ders they are called. We are all
ex-offenders, the only difference
is that some of us got caught. All
too often the rest of us tend to
forget our carnales y carnalas en
la pinta.
I feel that the time for a change
of attitude is long overdue. From
what? I've noticed that over the
past two semesters people are
starting to open their eyes a little more, but they are not completely open yet.
Here on the CSUF campus there
is also a Pinto College Program.
The purpose of this program is
to help Pintos come into school
for a higher education when they
come out of the pintas.
The enrollment at this time
consists of Chicanos, Blacks and
Anglos. If you know of anyone
interested in coming into school
,under this program or information about Soledad, you may contact the EOP office (487-1021).
Also if anyone would like to know
further information about the
Pinto College Program or about
Soledad feel free to call.
Pintos face new hardships
after returning to society
1rno
Action program offers
.assistance for community
ACTION is a proposal that was assigned to their areas and exoriginated through the Social Sci-- - pected to live in that community
ence Department here at CSUF. for the duration of one year. They
The Social Science Department
be living in the same type
deals with impoverished people of housing and experience the
and areas in the County of Fres- same problems that the migrants
no.
.will be experiencing.
The ACTION Program began
To understand what p e op 1 e
on Feb. 5, 1973, to last one fuU ( especially migrants) have to go
year, terminating next February. through, the ACTION volunteers
It · is not yet known if this promust be well informed. Some of
gram will be in effect after its the areas that will he emphafirst year.
sized are Consumer Education,
The ACTION volunteers have Health Ed, and giving people
been enrolled in school for a simple information about welminimum of six units up to a fare. Health round-up clinics for
maximum of 12 units. They are the migrants will_be used as one
salaried similar to- VISTA and of the inlets to the migrant popuPeace Corps programs. The lation.
monthly salary is $230, with a
The volunteers will undergo a
$50 a month stipend. You must
training program to orient them
be enrolled in the program at with the type of work they will
ieast six months in order to rebe · doing. Orientation will be
ceive the stipend.
continuous throughout the year.
The idea of this program is for
The program runs through sumstudents to get more meaningful
mer, in conjunction with the idea
off-campus experience. The prothat migrants are at peak season
gram shows the relevancy of goin the summer months.
ing out in the community to work,
Recruitment will continue to
after living a campus life.
be an ~n-going project. Appli- ACTION is a good lesson in
cations are still heing accepted.
working with a·gencies·, tolerating
For the MAP, contact Barry
red . tape, and at the same time,
Caffee at the Thomas Administrying to keep the enthusiasm of
tration Building, room 123.
the students who have volunteered
For the RAP, contact Lester
for the program.
Riggins in Black Studies, San
There are two programs under
Ramon 4 , room 245, if you are
ACTION. Reading Assistance
interested.
Program"'(RAP) . which ls supervised by Lester Riggins, and
the Migratory Assistance Program (MAP), supervised by Barry Caffee. Coordinators for this
program are Stella Jauregui and
Kate Karikka.
The RAP is being done in
Fresno City schools. Students in
the program are giving assistance
to children with special problems in reading.
The MAP will cover Fresno
County. Volunteers in this program wUl be stationed in different rural areas. Areas that have
now been approved by ACTION
staff are: Huron, Coalinga, Westside, Reedley, Sanger, Biola and
Mendota. Plneda~.e is still being
reviewed. The volunteers will be
wlll
CHARTER
FLIGHTS
International - Domestic
!SIC Cards- Student Rail Passes
DAVE HALPERN
Campus Travel Advisor
Student Services West, Inc.
21 IB Graves Hall - CSUF
Phone 487•3651
The above is not sponsored by the
CSUC or the FSC Association, Inc.
The organization was founded
in 1967 by equcated, informed,
interested and determined Chicanos who recognized the need of
•La Raza" to become aware of
the oppression being inflicted upon them by the political, educaThere is a need to offer greater
tional, economical, social and
opportunity in all areas of vocatech·nological society... At that
tional training and in higher edtime, the organizaMon was named
ucation to Pintos ( ex-convicts)
•Grupo Cultural Latino-Ameriin correctional institutions and
cano (Latin-American Cultural
in the outside community.
Group).. . Our name and emblem
What La Raza fails to realize
were changed in 1972 to our presis that a large number of our
ent CAUSA and Pinto emblem.
carnales and carnalitas are now
We have come a long way since
oppressed by confinement. Sta. 1967 but we are still striving to
tistics show that Chicanos repreach our goals. Our goals are
resent 16. 7 per cent and Chicanas
to living our Raza together in
9.4 per cent of the inmate popuunity, to overcome our misfor- · lation in California Penal Institunes. We as ethnic and minoritutions. (Aforementioned statisty groups have so many.
tics are as of June 30, 1972). La
We must educate outselves and
Raza is also unaware and has been
reach total awareness of what has
misled as to what does really
kept us down for so many years.
confront our carnales.
We must strive in all aspects to
At present, failure exists in rereach this awareness; awareness
socializing and re-integrating the
in the full sense of the word.
Pinto. Historically, society has
Our struggle may seem implaced the Pinto, -the Tecato and
possible for some people. But
others en la Pinta. Thus, the offrom inside these walls, we Chi- . fender is severed from society
canos know that nothing is i-m and placed in a locality where he
possible. our Brown Hearts are
can theoretically be kept from
too strong to say give up. No!!!
committing undesirable acts. BeWe drive and keep on going, yellcause isolation, in virtually eyery
ing, Que Viva La Raza!! Que
situation, prevents posit i ve
Viva La Causal! Remember Chigrowth. Then the Pinto is recanos, the strength is in the Unileased possessing more negative
ty! Unidos Venceremos! Y Que
traits than he originally hand; He
Viva La Raza!!
has been given, in most cases,
.I have found that many people
nave a stereotype of Pintos , excons, or whatever you wish to
THEATRE
call them. These stereotypes
1324 W. Shield~
come many times from movies,
television programs and the news
One Show Nightly - 8 p.m.
media.
Because of these stereotypes
the Pinto is often ignored and
Friday, Saturday, Sunday
forgotten by people outside. "Out
Mar. 30, 31 & April 1
of sight, out of mind." Ex-offen"A MAN AND A WOMAN"
PARK
"BELLE DE JOUR•
MOBILE
HOME
12x60 Mobile home . swimming
pool, front & rear bathrooms
with baths shag carpets, custom
drapes. immediate possession.
l 500 Villa. Space I 06 . Clovis
Open all day Thurs . & Sat.
Fri,Sat,Sun-April 6,7,8
the Royal Ballet
Rudolf Nureyev and
Margo F onteyn
"ROMEO AND JULIET '1
only one reason for changing his
pre-prison patterns - the experience of Interment (the act of
interring) a threat he has always
been aware of.
Upon his release from incarceration, the Pinto is expected to
become a viable member of society. However, the Pinto returning to an environment similar to
that which he left after committing the convicting offense will
eventually fall into the same patterns and more than likely commit an equivalent crime.
Society should come to the aid
of the oppressed when conditions
,become unbearable. But do our
people have to rely on society to
come to our aid?
Educating our people, the Pinto
in some way wi ll be the key to
our progress.
SPECIALS
CANVAS
~~!!!.95~
\\1
595
BOTTOMS
STYROFOAM
PELLETS
for . bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
21,
GLASSES
SUN
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20% ~~~~e9J!~!
Canvas - brushes
liquetex - frames - oils
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
WOOL tii~s 5
SHIRTS 3'
SHREDDED
FOAM so~
RUBBER
JACKETS
$ 295
LB.
S;~LLES
& UP
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
apt. $45. Call Linda at
268-0390 AFTER 6:00 P .M.
NICE
237-361S
.
..
•
• •
Corona Is
vIctIm
of
•
unfair p rosecut1on
By Ismael Hernandez
What has happened to Juan Corona in Yuba City is not unfamiliar
to our "Raza" in America. How
real is it for one of our brothers
to be picked up for a crime, and
because he cannot afford to get a
good lawyer, serves time for a
crime he never did. Or if he did
commit it, he would be serving
two or three more years for petit
crime that someone who could afford justice would be set free.
Think of the nightmare of being
locked up for something you did
not do, just because your skin is a
different color and you could not
afford a lawyer. Think of what
is going through that person's
mind. The anguish being suffered. The hate that is being built
up inside. It is no wonder that
many of our Pintos return to La
Pinta within a year of their release.
Thus think of the anguish of
Juan Corona, sef!tenced to 25
consecutive life terms for something he never did. Again it is
not hard to understand why the
man has suffered two heart attacks in · the two years he's been
under arrest. Along with his intense personal suffering, his
family has also shown signs of
pain and sorrow. In the two years
that Juan Corona has spent behind
bars, two of his sisters have died
of heart attacks.
His family and anyone else who
has known Juan cannot belie\ e
that he could be guilty of such
monstrous crimes. How can he
be convicted with no concrete evidence unless there was racial
discrimination in the part ·of the
judge, prosecution, jury (of which
only one was non-white) and the
whole judicial system, itself.
The following facts sho1,.1ld cast
some light to those still not familiar with the injustices that occurred. But it must be remembered that whenever there is a
reasonable doubt as to a person's
guilt the _doubt must be taken into
account first . For a person •ts
innocent till proven guilty."
· 1. judge Patton concealed the
fact that he was an old friend of
District Attorney Dave Teja's
father. The lawyer for prosecution.
2. Judge Patton ~efused to release Juan on bail. Judge Arnason released An·gela Davis on
bail.
3. At the trial, police had Juan
in chains so the jury would think
he was dangerous.
4. Judge Patton interfered in
Defense Attorney's questioning of
potential jurors, so he had to
challenge with peremptory challenge- Results: Defense Attorney had to accept jury or challenge and wind up with George
Wallace supporters.
5. Trial should have been assigned to San Francisco. Patton
refused so we would r.emain in
farm area •... conviction higher
in farm areas~
6. Patton denied Juan his right
to be co-counsel. This keeps
jury from knowing ~uan. Judge
Amason allowed Angela Davis to
be co-counsel.
7. Patton censored Defense
Attorney's opening statement.
8,
Eighteen contempt judgments. W~fe handed out to the Defense Atforney by Judge Patton.
Reason: A. To make Defense
Attorney look bad and rowdy. B.
To try to intimidate Defense Attorney and thus try to deny Juan
Corona a vigorous defense.
9. . Judg·e Patton's ruling in
court almost always favored the
prosecution, and was almost always wrong.
10. Defense Attorney received
material 26 times during course
of trial, most of which he should
have had before the trial.
11. The "gag rule,. was imposed after Sheriff's Department
had time to convict Juan Corona
in the press. D.A. leaked false
information to the press on many .
occasions.
·
12. Judge Patton committed
errors in instructing the jury.
13. D.A. committed mis-conducts by arguing defense did not
prove Juan Corona innocence.
14. Judge Patton did not adequately emphasize that D.A. had
to prove Juan Corona guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
(Continued on Page 3, Col. 1)
LA
de
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
California State University, Fresno
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28, 1973
LXXVII /106
Awareness is the key
Students grow politically
(Editor's note: This is the third
installment of a series examining
the great number of politically
passive Chicano students on campus.)
By Juanita Saragoza
The number . o"f Chicano students at California State University, Fresno has greatly i11creased in the last three years,
many of whom have come from
local junior colleges. J'hus, · in
making contact-with Chicano student groups, many Chicano students do so at the junior college
level.
In the val_ley few high schools
Danzantes will perforffl Friday night
Los Danzantes de Aztlan, a
group that performs a variety of
traditional Mexican dances, will
perform in Clovis Friday night at
Clark Auditorium at 8:00.
The wogram is , being sponsored by the Mexican-American
Clovis High Organization
(MACHO):,. Proceeds from the •
performance will be used to purchase costumes and help defray
rental costs of the cultural center
where the group-rehearses. Tickets are $1 for adults and 75 cents
for children, and may be purchased 'at the door or from any
member in the group.
One of the goals of the group is
to share its knowledge of dance
with the community, especially
children. Individual members of
the group have taught dancing to
students of all ages in various
valley schools and towns.
The group was formed in the
spring of 1971, and consists of
students of the Mexican Folklore
class offered by La Raza Studies
Department.
have politically motivated student
groups which makes the encounter the more powerful. Because
junior colleges have smaller student populations the •awareness"
and "visibility". of Chicano student groups is greater than in
larger institutions. Hence, · at
CSUF where 12,000 to 13,000 stu. dents •reside" , the profile of
Chicano student groups is diminished . Clearly, then, the problem of making contact with the
politically passive student is.
complicated by several factors:
(1) High school political experiences
(2) Junior college experience
(if applicable)
(3) CSUF political experience
(4) Degree of political awareness at all three levels.
In order to analyze the situation and to approach the problem,
we can take several avenues, yet
it seems that there is one crucial
factor - which is the degree of
political awareness of the student. It has happened over and
over again where someone who
was a •taco" in high school or
junior college all of a sudden becomes "active"; and there is a
tendency on the part of the pollticial •veterano" to put down the
"instant" Chicano. While such
skepticism is healthy to the
Movement, it can also destroy a
lot of potential good Chicanos.
Moreover, it is the function of
, the Movement to liberate the
minds of the brainwashed, and as
a result of the Movement, there
will be and spould be amny who
were afraid at the initial stages
but whose political realization
since the beginning of the Movement has •turned them on.•
Thust in encountering the po11.tically shy student we must recognize that many of us have been
similarly naive.
In additiou,
there is a tendency for us to be
impatient with the politically
passive student, asking him to
make an immediate political metamorphosis." Furthermore too
many of us expect such students
to accept our words as if they
were gospel. Miraculously, our
truth is supposed to be selfevident. ButMovern.ent veterans
seem to disdain the •ins..t!.n tchicano, and yet we expect them to
react to us as instant coffee re-
acts to boiling water. All this is
often true at both the junior college and CSUF.
However, a more common occurence is that the politically shy
student will not seek Chicano
student groups; and M.E.C.H.A. 's,
Adentas, etc., do nothaveactive,
on-going programs to bring in new
members. For example, at CSUF
much of the •new blood" in
M.E.C.H.A., etc., have . been the
incoming freshmen who attended
the summer institute.
Clearly, then, the contact with
the politically passive student
can be summarized as the following:
(1) A gradual process
(2) Personalized
93) Positive
( 4) Consistent. ·
We see this in the summer institute where there w~;:; a sixweek program (point #1); many
Chicano student counselors and
advisers (point #2); the Chicanos
got together to have a coordinated
welcoming program, introducing
new students to La Raza Studies
teachers, and student leaders and
ideas (point #3); during this time
the •cast of characters• remained very stable (point #4).
The intention was not to •brainwash" the new student rather to
acquaint them to a reallty previously unperceived. As a consequence, many of those students
:followed up their initial policizatlon by joining M.E.C.H.A., etc.,
in the fall.
Some might say that it was the
summer ·1nst1tute that politicized
the new students rather the truth
is that most ·of the students were
given a chance to establish a personal relationship with many ot ·
the Chicario student leaders;thus
their participation. Culturally,
Chicanos put a great deal of emphasis on the personalization of
relationships, which makes the
process of "contact" with the politically pass! ve student a gradual
one. For ·this reason La Raza
Studies courses can play an important part in making contact
with the politically passive student.
In our next installment we will
attempt to tie the themes above
together; the politically passive
student, Chicano student gr_oups,
and La Raza Studies.
GaU:.v, (M
GLAD W& GOT
T06£THEA ..... 'lev IC.aow
wt HAY£ To.-.;......
• .....~:.-w.--
LA voz.·
·2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Chicana-not
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
women's
lib
In the very short time that! have been here I, and quite a few other
Chicanas, have been subject to having many of our Chicano men call
us •women's libbers." From what I understand, many of these girls
have been subjected to it longer than I. The way it seems, probably
after everybody finishes reading this, they'll probably say I'm on ~
women's lib trip again.
Where to begin is hard to say. It started some time ago when the
Chicana was not as active in the movement. For generation~, Mexican women had al~ays lived for the days in which they were considered women, and were considered ready to marry. Marriage was
the most important thing that a woman waited for in life, because it
was considered useless for a woman to go out and further educate
herself. Her main priority was to cook, clean, take care of her children and keep her man happy.
Compare that woman with many of our women today. You'll find
that many of the differences lie in what you have just read. Another
thing is that you hardly ever heard her voice and her opinions on
what she felt was wrong or right. Again, I '11 ask you to compare
these two.
What we are doing today and what women did ten years ago are
different in IJ)any senses. It seems that today's Chicanas are more
outspoken, educated and politicized. Maybe that's why many Chicanos
feel as they do, since they are used to giving the orders, and having
· their women follow them.
I'm not going to say that we are tired of being told what to do, we're
just tired of sitting back and just taking everything in. Taking what in?
Orders? No. Just everythingBOTHChicanomenandwomen have been
subjected to for a long time in this country - racism, discrimination, oppression and exploitation. Just simply this.
It seems that many -of you have failed to open your eyes to see
that we are Raza too. That we; too, have suffered in the many fields
of life that you have. Everything you see that has to he changed in
the system because it is corrupting us, don't forget, it is both women
and men who are being corrupted.
You tell some 40-year-old woman huelgista that her place is in
the home, not out there picketing Saf~way or striking at D' Ar!iago
Ranches. Her reply will make you wish you had never told her that.
Because she knows why she is out there - so do the men, the campesinos - · that's why they are out there together.
We all have Cesar Chavez, but we all-also have Dolores Huerta.
I'm not saying that we all want to go out and he Dolores Hu&rtas,
just a voice of opinion and action without being marked as "women's
libbers." And ·also without being called, as one guy termed us, "a
bunch of punks." Women's Lib is a WHITE woman's trip. Many of
us feel that we should not be compared to a lot of these white women,
_since our struggles cannot be compared, either:.
Voicing my opinion is nbt just for women, but for La Raza. As for
beirig a "women's libber /' please don't shame me with that label.
By Maria Zapata
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week except
ho1idays and examination periods . by
, the Fresno State · College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $1 S a year. Editorial office ,
Keats Campus Building, telephone
487-2486 . Business and advertising
office, College Union 317 , telephone
487-2266.
Opinions expressed in Collegian editorials , including feature-editorials
and commentaries by guest writers ,
are not n e c e ssarily those of California State Univ<'~sity, . Fresno , or
the student body.
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Co-editors . . . . Susanna Hernandez,
Catalino Jacques
Reporters . .. . . . . . Nora Alvarado,
Al Casares, Miguc·I Contreras,
Leo Gallegos, Tomas Hill,
Ron Orozco
Photographer . . .. . . . . Ed Z e peda
''THE .KENNEL''
BOOKSTORE
SPECIAL DISCOUNT
FRIDAY, MARCH 30
10o/o:
\'iS
.SPO~SOllED 'BY
l)~IJ\OC.lAT s~NAT&
-Z.£Nov,c.t-1 AnJ>
I\EPUBL·ICAN HARMd
CUAaA·NTees No
CHICANO S!NATa8'
Zenovich, Harmer sel')ate bill
would destroy Chicano distriC:t
Dem. Senator George Zenovich
and Rep. Senator John Harmer
have co-sponsored a reapportionment plan (SB 195) which
places insurmountable obstacles
in the path of gaining Chicano
representation in the state Senate.
The Democrat representing
Fresno County has apparently
had a lapse of men10ry concerning all those promises he made
to Chicanos wher1 he ran for his
post.
He continually espoused
the theme that as a represef!tative of the Democratic Party
(The People's Party) he could
represent all the people's inter -est.
Unfortunately, now that Georgie is in office , it is evidently
convenient to forget F res no
County's Chicanos , who comprise
31 per cent of the total county
population. In addition to butchering num0
erous counties with no regard for the redistricting committee. The
district merges an urgan area
criteria established as guidelines
with a rural agricultural one.
for _ reapportionment, such as
In· addition, it deletes the core .
geography and common interest,
area of East Los Angeles, Pohe further demonstrated his dismona and fringe Chicano barrios.
dain by neglecting senatorial repIt also is one of the largest disresentation for the 1.2 million
tricts in the state.
Chicanos residing in East Los
Angeles and Boyle Heights . .
Due to the opposition of ChiGeorgie thought he could pull
canos, Blacks and other groups
a • traditional political sellout
. the bill was held up in committee.
without getting caught. However,
However, this does not mean it
on March 19 a Chicano demonhas been deleted , only temporarstration outside his Fresno office
ily stymied.
placed unfavorable publicity on
his part in the authorship of SB
It will take a concerted effort
195.
by all Raza to defeat this bill.
Georgie then dr~w up a soMore importantly , it ernphasizes
called "Chicano district" in Los
the need for Chicanos to deviate·
Angeles extending far into San
from the two-party system. AcBernardino County • .. In fact , he
tions similar to Zenovich's will
drew it up so hurriedly that the give impetus to the. efforts of La
amendment could not be printed
Raza Unida party to develop the
for a committee hearing on March
viable alternative of Chicano rep. 20.
resentation in the state of CaliHe ·presented it orally before
fornia.
Adelitas seek more··. members By Kathy Sanchez
to each member to go out of her
way to find out when the . next
Las Adelitas has a problem!
meeting is, ·either through flyers
CHICANAS, you have the answer
or by asking at La Raza Studies
to the problem. We have reached
a point of non-communication office. It is also the members'
among members. Las Adelitas . obligation to encourage new Chican only exist on its members' canas to become involved with
input. The past couple of meet- Las Adelitas. The awareness of
ings the attendance was poor. Is the unity of the Chicanas on campus must come from every indithere a problem with time, place
vidual Chicana, NOW!
or class conflict? If so, let the
The next scheduled Adellta
officers know! A new time or
meeting will be an 'evening meetplace can be arranged. It is up
ing on Wednesday, April 4, at
7-9 p.m , in the Collegiate Room
of the Cafeteria. Stella Jaurequi
will be guesLspeaker ~ Stella will
speak on Women's Health and
also the available services offered at the Family Planning Center in Fresno. Not just in the way of birth control, but in
general information all women
should know about her health.
This meeting will be open also.to
all Chicana students attending
Fresno City College. Let's hope
we can have a good turnout from
both colleges. This meeting will
be a good time to bring unity
among ourselves as Chicanas and
at the same time learn some very
important information about our
health that we will be able to
pass on to other Chicanas.
Other business will be dis-. cussed at this meeting. Come
with ideas that can build a stronger group that represents you the
way you want Adelitas to represent the Chicanas on campus. Be
sure the word gets passed around.
This is an important meeting.
Refreshments will be served.
Chicanas mark this date on your
calendar and be there!
Anais Nin
ALL ITEMS
Anais Nin, author and lecturer, will speak in the CU Lounge
tonight at 8 p.m. Her first work,
"D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study," appeared in 1932.
She has most recently won international acclaim for "The Diary of Anais Nin."
Ch i~a nas ·eva I u ate ·goa Is;
Press ignores real cause
aware of new role
for Wounded \Knee _siege
By Ruth Saludes
Last Saturday marked the first
statewide Chicana Warne.n's Conference held in Sacramento.
There were 17 Chicanas from the
CSUF campus who participated
and the total number of womenin
attendance at the conference was
approximately 400. Representing an parts of the state, they
ranged in age from college student to grandmother. The purpose of the conference was to
provide these women an opportunity to re-examine their roles
evaluate their goals, re-orient
their priorities, and share their
ideas.
Q2.
What about competition?
A2. It's an Anglo thing.
Q3, Is there a difference between competition and aggression?
·
Maybe we need to be aggressive .
And the dialogues, ideas and
emotions went on and on.
cano men from this conference
and future conferences of this
nature.
3. We feelChicanopeoplehave
been oppressed as a group, therefore we have to fight those social.
· forces such as racism and discrimination as a group.
4. We do not accept that the
problems. in Chicano communities are internal but rather that ·
they stem from' so'c ial, economical, and political structures of
Anglo-Saxon North AmericanSociety. ,
At the Worn en in Politics Workshop the topic of voter registration and th~ need for more active
participation was discussed. One
woman- said, we must register _ Judging by the number of participants, questions, and enthupeople because with.out votes we
siasm it would be fair to ·s ay that
have no voice in government.
the conference was a success.
Mention was also made of the
The day's activities were di-Many of us went away With a great
need for support of bills AB 86
vided into two sections, each condeal of new things to think about.
-an equal oppo·rtunity, affirmasisting of four workshops and a
tive action bill-and AB 355-a
The Chicana of today is a new
variety of topics: self-evaluation,bill supporting unemployment inChicana with a new consciousfamily, health, religion, politics, . surance for farm workers. It
ness. Many of us are college
career orientation, we 1 fa re
was also felt that a Spanish surstudents
no longer accepting that
rights, and legal rights~ The two
name is not the only criterion by
our place is only in the home,
workshops which had the majority · which a candidate would be judge-ct
with a husband and a family, but
of attendance were self-evaluaand given voter support. He must
this does not mean that we want
tion and women in politics.
clearly demonstrate his awareto exclude those things from our
ness of the problems and support
The overall consensus of the
lives. With this new found conof
the people first. The group also
sciousness a woman· begins to
group attending the self-evaluadiscussed the recent cuts in the
tion workshop was that they were
exert herself in other ways outManpower Programs and various
already aware of the problems
side the home. At this point, the
other programs. Child care was
and were. more concerned with
man begins to feel threatened and
another
issue.
The
workshop
solutions and goals. An exchange
claims that worn en are losing reof dialogues such as the follow- • terminated with the formation of a
spect, becoming independent and
group to organize lobbyists to
Ing occurred amongst this group:
forgetting the home. This is
fight for needed legislation.
not true in fact. What men fail
Ql.
How do you deal with
to realize is that women are
In addition to the number of
people calling you a vendida?
.working towards the same goals
workshops which took place,
Al. Don't worry about what
as they are-freedom from an
there was also a group which drew
people think of you.
up a set of resolutions and pre- , oppressive, domineering society.
sented them to the body for a vote.
A man should recognize and
A2. You have to develop your
The resolutions proposed and
own priorities and make your own
respect his woman's new found
voted on unanimously by all the
awa,reness and pqtential, visualself-evaluation.
You can't go
women in attendance were the
izing it as a strength to the movaround always worrying about
following:
imiento rather than a-weakness.
being accepted by or pleasing
A man who recogriizes his womeveryone.
.We the Mujeres Chicanas who
an's strength and intelligence
represent many Chicano barrios
A3. In order to understand
and reenforces that strength and
throughout
Aztlan
resolve
the
ourselves we have to look at our
. intelligence with his own, will
following:
own history. We have to see
-greatly lighten his load.
where we've been to know where
· 1. We feel that our Indian siswe're going. We have to talk to . ters and brothers have been conour grandmothers , cousins, aunts
sistently treated unjustly and
MECHA dance
and mothers . The s.c ars are still
therefore recognize the Oglala
MECHA of City College is
on our fac~s , our bodies, and
Nation at Wounded Knee South
sponsoring a dance tonight at the
everywhere . We're going tohave
.Dakota and support their efforts.
Rainbow Ballroom. PaPa Bear
to talk across difference~ in age,
and Friends, Statons, Monsanto
sex, class and other distinctions
2. We feel that all Chicano
and the Fascinations will proso that we can break down the
people have been oppressed as a
vice the music. Tickets are$1.50
barriers that society has imposed
people · and we should not join in
in advance and $1. 75 at the door.
on us.
that oppresslon by excluding Chi-
Wednesday, March 28, 1~73
Since Feb. 27, 1973 the general news services have presented misleading views of the
Indians at Wounded Knee. The
news has stated that the Indians
were drunk, burning buildings and
shooting indiscriminately at federal agents (these newscasts were
heard on the local radio stations
around the Wounded Knee area).
This news is false. Also the
news has never asked the Indians
in Wounded Knee why they are
really there. This information is
vital so that people can understand why the Indians have become so dissatisfied that they
have had to resort to violence in
order to be heard.
The 'problems of the Oglala
Sioux, as history has recorded
have been caused by broke~
treaties and promises. The recent trouble started with the
election of Dick Wilson, a quarter
Indian, as tribal chairman. He
became, in effect, a Hitler, using
terrorism and theft to suppress
the Indians' demands for lands
to farm, and a voice in their own
affairs.
For a year the Sioux lived in
virtual fear for their lives because Wilson had formed wh~t the
Sioux call a "goon squad." Who,
according to the members of the
New Oglala Sioux Sovereign Na-tion Committee, would beat up
Indians and destroy their property if they did not conform. so._
outside help was requested by the
Indians of the Wounded Knee area.
This was the AIM (American
Indian Movement) headedbyRussel Means and Dennis Banks, and
with the consent o~ the people of
the Sioux Reservation (not Dick
Wilson), seized the small hamlet
of Wounded Knee.
The reputable unbtased coverage by the press stated the Indians had AK47 machine guns
(Soviet made) and were merely
a disorganized band of drunken
power-mad Indians,
As reported by a member of
the Minority Advisory Committee
sent to talk to the Indians, only
two such guns were seen during
their eight day stay and Russel
Means passed a mandate that no
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
· alcoholic beverages or other
drugs would be tolerated.
In an interview with Meredith
Quinn, the legal.representative
, of the Sioux, he said the Indians
j have gone out of their way in
Wounded Knee to preserve the
peace. _It has been the •goon
squad" who have been the instigators of trouble between the
federal •agents and the Indians.
And the federal agents have, on
occasion, tried to infiltrate the
settlement and on another occasion attempted to assassinate
Russel Means and Dennis Banks.
As to the blockade, no federal
order was called for the withdrawal and no withdrawal was actually made, only a retreat from
their original positions to another
position, one mile further away.
This was in hopes that the 200
Indians occupying Wounded Knee
would _leave, but they didn't and
400 to 500 more went in with supplies.
To date no news has mentioned
that any other members of the
minority groups or other factors
are there in Wounded Knee. When
the last blockade was set, some
20 Chicanos, 10-12 Blacks and
some members of the VV AW
(Vietnam Veterans Against the
War) were in the area giving support.
Wounded Knee is now more than
a cry of the Sioux. It is a coalition of people who want to see the
Indians get a fair deal. There is
no nationalism in Wounded Knee,
• All of us are brothers," Dennis
Banks said. And all the people
interviewed felt the same way,
The situation is growing. The
people of Wounded Knee need
support, food and medicine. But
whether they get it or whether the
news media helps or hinders,
they will stay and have sworn to
die fighting for the rights they
never had that others have •
7-ELEVEN
OPEN 24' HRS.
CEDAR-SHAW
Th~nk you'd like to try
a ~~Blue Chip'-' career?
Corona: ;ustice denied
(Continued from Page 1)
15. Judge Patton should have
granted bail when prosecuting
Attorney Bart Wiliams said he
had a reasonable doubt.
16. Jurors drank, played cards
and watched television at night
during the deliberations.
17. Bailiff and Matron evesdropped on jury deliberations.
18.
Matron Georgia Wallis
tampered with jury. Judge Patton endorsed jury tampering by
refusing to grant a new trial.
19. Judge Patton who was so
concerned with time, gave three
prosecuting attorneys 5 days to
prepare their argument to the
jury.
20. Long trial usually takes
four days per week. Patton went
five days because the defense had
no relief. Three D,A. 's able to
rotate, thus they could prepare
and rest when they were out of
court, and defense Attorney could
not rest or prepare because he
had · to be in court five days per
week.
defense attorney Richard Hawk
attempted to prove a point of law,
"that he knew the law but HE ruled
in that court."
25.
When defense_ attorney
called his client by his first name,
"Juan," Judge Patton found him
in contempt ..•. five days and
$500.
.
"Justicia Para Juan Corona!!"
I
PSA
wlll grlri and bear
' _· ----.:~.,.... state.
Why not talk to those who know all about
it? The Blue Chip people at Connecticut
Mutual Life.
We can tell you it offers a lot that's hard to
find anywhere else these days. Wide open
_opportunities to go as high as your abilities
and efforts can take you ... the freedom to
choose your own territory and clientele ...
the satisfaction of performing a worthwhile
service for .others. If all this sounds good to
·you, we'd like to talk with you aboutthe
opportunities our unique Sales and Sales
Management Program can offer young men
and women. And we'll be frank about the
pitfalls, too.
Why not ask your placement office to
arrange an interview with;
Jomes W. Shaner, CL U
General Agent
Friday, April 6, 1973
Placement Office
Time: 9 a.m.-4 p.m.
·
.21. Judge ignored broken chain
of evidence.
22. Judge allowed evidence
with no i:dentification card, as to
where or when or how they found
it to be admitted.
23. Judge stated in court, when
20 times a day.
F~om Fresno, you can smile away to Los
Angeles, San Francisco, and Stockton. And return. Call your campus
rep or PSA and ask about our easy-to-bear, low fare.
'
PSA gives you a lift.
3
Connecticut Mutual
Life
THE BLUE CHIR COMPANY• SINCE J 846
1
4
THE DAILY OOLLEGIAN
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
CALI.SA leads fight for rights
(Editor's note:
The following
ts a portion of an article written
del
by carlosRubenCordova,CAUSA
editor.)
I take this opportunity to proudly introduce the CAUSA organization to the many wadus throughout Aztlan, and in do_ing so, included is only a portion of the
great Chicano history of our existance h~re at Soledad Norte. The
name CAUSA, in .itself, signifies
our organization structure and
solid foundaUons of a pre-eminent group stressing emphasis on
our emblem, the Chicano Pinto
ders they are called. We are all
ex-offenders, the only difference
is that some of us got caught. All
too often the rest of us tend to
forget our carnales y carnalas en
la pinta.
I feel that the time for a change
of attitude is long overdue. From
what? I've noticed that over the
past two semesters people are
starting to open their eyes a little more, but they are not completely open yet.
Here on the CSUF campus there
is also a Pinto College Program.
The purpose of this program is
to help Pintos come into school
for a higher education when they
come out of the pintas.
The enrollment at this time
consists of Chicanos, Blacks and
Anglos. If you know of anyone
interested in coming into school
,under this program or information about Soledad, you may contact the EOP office (487-1021).
Also if anyone would like to know
further information about the
Pinto College Program or about
Soledad feel free to call.
Pintos face new hardships
after returning to society
1rno
Action program offers
.assistance for community
ACTION is a proposal that was assigned to their areas and exoriginated through the Social Sci-- - pected to live in that community
ence Department here at CSUF. for the duration of one year. They
The Social Science Department
be living in the same type
deals with impoverished people of housing and experience the
and areas in the County of Fres- same problems that the migrants
no.
.will be experiencing.
The ACTION Program began
To understand what p e op 1 e
on Feb. 5, 1973, to last one fuU ( especially migrants) have to go
year, terminating next February. through, the ACTION volunteers
It · is not yet known if this promust be well informed. Some of
gram will be in effect after its the areas that will he emphafirst year.
sized are Consumer Education,
The ACTION volunteers have Health Ed, and giving people
been enrolled in school for a simple information about welminimum of six units up to a fare. Health round-up clinics for
maximum of 12 units. They are the migrants will_be used as one
salaried similar to- VISTA and of the inlets to the migrant popuPeace Corps programs. The lation.
monthly salary is $230, with a
The volunteers will undergo a
$50 a month stipend. You must
training program to orient them
be enrolled in the program at with the type of work they will
ieast six months in order to rebe · doing. Orientation will be
ceive the stipend.
continuous throughout the year.
The idea of this program is for
The program runs through sumstudents to get more meaningful
mer, in conjunction with the idea
off-campus experience. The prothat migrants are at peak season
gram shows the relevancy of goin the summer months.
ing out in the community to work,
Recruitment will continue to
after living a campus life.
be an ~n-going project. Appli- ACTION is a good lesson in
cations are still heing accepted.
working with a·gencies·, tolerating
For the MAP, contact Barry
red . tape, and at the same time,
Caffee at the Thomas Administrying to keep the enthusiasm of
tration Building, room 123.
the students who have volunteered
For the RAP, contact Lester
for the program.
Riggins in Black Studies, San
There are two programs under
Ramon 4 , room 245, if you are
ACTION. Reading Assistance
interested.
Program"'(RAP) . which ls supervised by Lester Riggins, and
the Migratory Assistance Program (MAP), supervised by Barry Caffee. Coordinators for this
program are Stella Jauregui and
Kate Karikka.
The RAP is being done in
Fresno City schools. Students in
the program are giving assistance
to children with special problems in reading.
The MAP will cover Fresno
County. Volunteers in this program wUl be stationed in different rural areas. Areas that have
now been approved by ACTION
staff are: Huron, Coalinga, Westside, Reedley, Sanger, Biola and
Mendota. Plneda~.e is still being
reviewed. The volunteers will be
wlll
CHARTER
FLIGHTS
International - Domestic
!SIC Cards- Student Rail Passes
DAVE HALPERN
Campus Travel Advisor
Student Services West, Inc.
21 IB Graves Hall - CSUF
Phone 487•3651
The above is not sponsored by the
CSUC or the FSC Association, Inc.
The organization was founded
in 1967 by equcated, informed,
interested and determined Chicanos who recognized the need of
•La Raza" to become aware of
the oppression being inflicted upon them by the political, educaThere is a need to offer greater
tional, economical, social and
opportunity in all areas of vocatech·nological society... At that
tional training and in higher edtime, the organizaMon was named
ucation to Pintos ( ex-convicts)
•Grupo Cultural Latino-Ameriin correctional institutions and
cano (Latin-American Cultural
in the outside community.
Group).. . Our name and emblem
What La Raza fails to realize
were changed in 1972 to our presis that a large number of our
ent CAUSA and Pinto emblem.
carnales and carnalitas are now
We have come a long way since
oppressed by confinement. Sta. 1967 but we are still striving to
tistics show that Chicanos repreach our goals. Our goals are
resent 16. 7 per cent and Chicanas
to living our Raza together in
9.4 per cent of the inmate popuunity, to overcome our misfor- · lation in California Penal Institunes. We as ethnic and minoritutions. (Aforementioned statisty groups have so many.
tics are as of June 30, 1972). La
We must educate outselves and
Raza is also unaware and has been
reach total awareness of what has
misled as to what does really
kept us down for so many years.
confront our carnales.
We must strive in all aspects to
At present, failure exists in rereach this awareness; awareness
socializing and re-integrating the
in the full sense of the word.
Pinto. Historically, society has
Our struggle may seem implaced the Pinto, -the Tecato and
possible for some people. But
others en la Pinta. Thus, the offrom inside these walls, we Chi- . fender is severed from society
canos know that nothing is i-m and placed in a locality where he
possible. our Brown Hearts are
can theoretically be kept from
too strong to say give up. No!!!
committing undesirable acts. BeWe drive and keep on going, yellcause isolation, in virtually eyery
ing, Que Viva La Raza!! Que
situation, prevents posit i ve
Viva La Causal! Remember Chigrowth. Then the Pinto is recanos, the strength is in the Unileased possessing more negative
ty! Unidos Venceremos! Y Que
traits than he originally hand; He
Viva La Raza!!
has been given, in most cases,
.I have found that many people
nave a stereotype of Pintos , excons, or whatever you wish to
THEATRE
call them. These stereotypes
1324 W. Shield~
come many times from movies,
television programs and the news
One Show Nightly - 8 p.m.
media.
Because of these stereotypes
the Pinto is often ignored and
Friday, Saturday, Sunday
forgotten by people outside. "Out
Mar. 30, 31 & April 1
of sight, out of mind." Ex-offen"A MAN AND A WOMAN"
PARK
"BELLE DE JOUR•
MOBILE
HOME
12x60 Mobile home . swimming
pool, front & rear bathrooms
with baths shag carpets, custom
drapes. immediate possession.
l 500 Villa. Space I 06 . Clovis
Open all day Thurs . & Sat.
Fri,Sat,Sun-April 6,7,8
the Royal Ballet
Rudolf Nureyev and
Margo F onteyn
"ROMEO AND JULIET '1
only one reason for changing his
pre-prison patterns - the experience of Interment (the act of
interring) a threat he has always
been aware of.
Upon his release from incarceration, the Pinto is expected to
become a viable member of society. However, the Pinto returning to an environment similar to
that which he left after committing the convicting offense will
eventually fall into the same patterns and more than likely commit an equivalent crime.
Society should come to the aid
of the oppressed when conditions
,become unbearable. But do our
people have to rely on society to
come to our aid?
Educating our people, the Pinto
in some way wi ll be the key to
our progress.
SPECIALS
CANVAS
~~!!!.95~
\\1
595
BOTTOMS
STYROFOAM
PELLETS
for . bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
21,
GLASSES
SUN
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20% ~~~~e9J!~!
Canvas - brushes
liquetex - frames - oils
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
WOOL tii~s 5
SHIRTS 3'
SHREDDED
FOAM so~
RUBBER
JACKETS
$ 295
LB.
S;~LLES
& UP
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
apt. $45. Call Linda at
268-0390 AFTER 6:00 P .M.
NICE
237-361S
.
..
• •
Corona Is
vIctIm
of
•
unfair p rosecut1on
By Ismael Hernandez
What has happened to Juan Corona in Yuba City is not unfamiliar
to our "Raza" in America. How
real is it for one of our brothers
to be picked up for a crime, and
because he cannot afford to get a
good lawyer, serves time for a
crime he never did. Or if he did
commit it, he would be serving
two or three more years for petit
crime that someone who could afford justice would be set free.
Think of the nightmare of being
locked up for something you did
not do, just because your skin is a
different color and you could not
afford a lawyer. Think of what
is going through that person's
mind. The anguish being suffered. The hate that is being built
up inside. It is no wonder that
many of our Pintos return to La
Pinta within a year of their release.
Thus think of the anguish of
Juan Corona, sef!tenced to 25
consecutive life terms for something he never did. Again it is
not hard to understand why the
man has suffered two heart attacks in · the two years he's been
under arrest. Along with his intense personal suffering, his
family has also shown signs of
pain and sorrow. In the two years
that Juan Corona has spent behind
bars, two of his sisters have died
of heart attacks.
His family and anyone else who
has known Juan cannot belie\ e
that he could be guilty of such
monstrous crimes. How can he
be convicted with no concrete evidence unless there was racial
discrimination in the part ·of the
judge, prosecution, jury (of which
only one was non-white) and the
whole judicial system, itself.
The following facts sho1,.1ld cast
some light to those still not familiar with the injustices that occurred. But it must be remembered that whenever there is a
reasonable doubt as to a person's
guilt the _doubt must be taken into
account first . For a person •ts
innocent till proven guilty."
· 1. judge Patton concealed the
fact that he was an old friend of
District Attorney Dave Teja's
father. The lawyer for prosecution.
2. Judge Patton ~efused to release Juan on bail. Judge Arnason released An·gela Davis on
bail.
3. At the trial, police had Juan
in chains so the jury would think
he was dangerous.
4. Judge Patton interfered in
Defense Attorney's questioning of
potential jurors, so he had to
challenge with peremptory challenge- Results: Defense Attorney had to accept jury or challenge and wind up with George
Wallace supporters.
5. Trial should have been assigned to San Francisco. Patton
refused so we would r.emain in
farm area •... conviction higher
in farm areas~
6. Patton denied Juan his right
to be co-counsel. This keeps
jury from knowing ~uan. Judge
Amason allowed Angela Davis to
be co-counsel.
7. Patton censored Defense
Attorney's opening statement.
8,
Eighteen contempt judgments. W~fe handed out to the Defense Atforney by Judge Patton.
Reason: A. To make Defense
Attorney look bad and rowdy. B.
To try to intimidate Defense Attorney and thus try to deny Juan
Corona a vigorous defense.
9. . Judg·e Patton's ruling in
court almost always favored the
prosecution, and was almost always wrong.
10. Defense Attorney received
material 26 times during course
of trial, most of which he should
have had before the trial.
11. The "gag rule,. was imposed after Sheriff's Department
had time to convict Juan Corona
in the press. D.A. leaked false
information to the press on many .
occasions.
·
12. Judge Patton committed
errors in instructing the jury.
13. D.A. committed mis-conducts by arguing defense did not
prove Juan Corona innocence.
14. Judge Patton did not adequately emphasize that D.A. had
to prove Juan Corona guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
(Continued on Page 3, Col. 1)
LA
de
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
California State University, Fresno
WEDNESDAY, MARCH 28, 1973
LXXVII /106
Awareness is the key
Students grow politically
(Editor's note: This is the third
installment of a series examining
the great number of politically
passive Chicano students on campus.)
By Juanita Saragoza
The number . o"f Chicano students at California State University, Fresno has greatly i11creased in the last three years,
many of whom have come from
local junior colleges. J'hus, · in
making contact-with Chicano student groups, many Chicano students do so at the junior college
level.
In the val_ley few high schools
Danzantes will perforffl Friday night
Los Danzantes de Aztlan, a
group that performs a variety of
traditional Mexican dances, will
perform in Clovis Friday night at
Clark Auditorium at 8:00.
The wogram is , being sponsored by the Mexican-American
Clovis High Organization
(MACHO):,. Proceeds from the •
performance will be used to purchase costumes and help defray
rental costs of the cultural center
where the group-rehearses. Tickets are $1 for adults and 75 cents
for children, and may be purchased 'at the door or from any
member in the group.
One of the goals of the group is
to share its knowledge of dance
with the community, especially
children. Individual members of
the group have taught dancing to
students of all ages in various
valley schools and towns.
The group was formed in the
spring of 1971, and consists of
students of the Mexican Folklore
class offered by La Raza Studies
Department.
have politically motivated student
groups which makes the encounter the more powerful. Because
junior colleges have smaller student populations the •awareness"
and "visibility". of Chicano student groups is greater than in
larger institutions. Hence, · at
CSUF where 12,000 to 13,000 stu. dents •reside" , the profile of
Chicano student groups is diminished . Clearly, then, the problem of making contact with the
politically passive student is.
complicated by several factors:
(1) High school political experiences
(2) Junior college experience
(if applicable)
(3) CSUF political experience
(4) Degree of political awareness at all three levels.
In order to analyze the situation and to approach the problem,
we can take several avenues, yet
it seems that there is one crucial
factor - which is the degree of
political awareness of the student. It has happened over and
over again where someone who
was a •taco" in high school or
junior college all of a sudden becomes "active"; and there is a
tendency on the part of the pollticial •veterano" to put down the
"instant" Chicano. While such
skepticism is healthy to the
Movement, it can also destroy a
lot of potential good Chicanos.
Moreover, it is the function of
, the Movement to liberate the
minds of the brainwashed, and as
a result of the Movement, there
will be and spould be amny who
were afraid at the initial stages
but whose political realization
since the beginning of the Movement has •turned them on.•
Thust in encountering the po11.tically shy student we must recognize that many of us have been
similarly naive.
In additiou,
there is a tendency for us to be
impatient with the politically
passive student, asking him to
make an immediate political metamorphosis." Furthermore too
many of us expect such students
to accept our words as if they
were gospel. Miraculously, our
truth is supposed to be selfevident. ButMovern.ent veterans
seem to disdain the •ins..t!.n tchicano, and yet we expect them to
react to us as instant coffee re-
acts to boiling water. All this is
often true at both the junior college and CSUF.
However, a more common occurence is that the politically shy
student will not seek Chicano
student groups; and M.E.C.H.A. 's,
Adentas, etc., do nothaveactive,
on-going programs to bring in new
members. For example, at CSUF
much of the •new blood" in
M.E.C.H.A., etc., have . been the
incoming freshmen who attended
the summer institute.
Clearly, then, the contact with
the politically passive student
can be summarized as the following:
(1) A gradual process
(2) Personalized
93) Positive
( 4) Consistent. ·
We see this in the summer institute where there w~;:; a sixweek program (point #1); many
Chicano student counselors and
advisers (point #2); the Chicanos
got together to have a coordinated
welcoming program, introducing
new students to La Raza Studies
teachers, and student leaders and
ideas (point #3); during this time
the •cast of characters• remained very stable (point #4).
The intention was not to •brainwash" the new student rather to
acquaint them to a reallty previously unperceived. As a consequence, many of those students
:followed up their initial policizatlon by joining M.E.C.H.A., etc.,
in the fall.
Some might say that it was the
summer ·1nst1tute that politicized
the new students rather the truth
is that most ·of the students were
given a chance to establish a personal relationship with many ot ·
the Chicario student leaders;thus
their participation. Culturally,
Chicanos put a great deal of emphasis on the personalization of
relationships, which makes the
process of "contact" with the politically pass! ve student a gradual
one. For ·this reason La Raza
Studies courses can play an important part in making contact
with the politically passive student.
In our next installment we will
attempt to tie the themes above
together; the politically passive
student, Chicano student gr_oups,
and La Raza Studies.
GaU:.v, (M
GLAD W& GOT
T06£THEA ..... 'lev IC.aow
wt HAY£ To.-.;......
• .....~:.-w.--
LA voz.·
·2
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Chicana-not
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
women's
lib
In the very short time that! have been here I, and quite a few other
Chicanas, have been subject to having many of our Chicano men call
us •women's libbers." From what I understand, many of these girls
have been subjected to it longer than I. The way it seems, probably
after everybody finishes reading this, they'll probably say I'm on ~
women's lib trip again.
Where to begin is hard to say. It started some time ago when the
Chicana was not as active in the movement. For generation~, Mexican women had al~ays lived for the days in which they were considered women, and were considered ready to marry. Marriage was
the most important thing that a woman waited for in life, because it
was considered useless for a woman to go out and further educate
herself. Her main priority was to cook, clean, take care of her children and keep her man happy.
Compare that woman with many of our women today. You'll find
that many of the differences lie in what you have just read. Another
thing is that you hardly ever heard her voice and her opinions on
what she felt was wrong or right. Again, I '11 ask you to compare
these two.
What we are doing today and what women did ten years ago are
different in IJ)any senses. It seems that today's Chicanas are more
outspoken, educated and politicized. Maybe that's why many Chicanos
feel as they do, since they are used to giving the orders, and having
· their women follow them.
I'm not going to say that we are tired of being told what to do, we're
just tired of sitting back and just taking everything in. Taking what in?
Orders? No. Just everythingBOTHChicanomenandwomen have been
subjected to for a long time in this country - racism, discrimination, oppression and exploitation. Just simply this.
It seems that many -of you have failed to open your eyes to see
that we are Raza too. That we; too, have suffered in the many fields
of life that you have. Everything you see that has to he changed in
the system because it is corrupting us, don't forget, it is both women
and men who are being corrupted.
You tell some 40-year-old woman huelgista that her place is in
the home, not out there picketing Saf~way or striking at D' Ar!iago
Ranches. Her reply will make you wish you had never told her that.
Because she knows why she is out there - so do the men, the campesinos - · that's why they are out there together.
We all have Cesar Chavez, but we all-also have Dolores Huerta.
I'm not saying that we all want to go out and he Dolores Hu&rtas,
just a voice of opinion and action without being marked as "women's
libbers." And ·also without being called, as one guy termed us, "a
bunch of punks." Women's Lib is a WHITE woman's trip. Many of
us feel that we should not be compared to a lot of these white women,
_since our struggles cannot be compared, either:.
Voicing my opinion is nbt just for women, but for La Raza. As for
beirig a "women's libber /' please don't shame me with that label.
By Maria Zapata
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week except
ho1idays and examination periods . by
, the Fresno State · College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $1 S a year. Editorial office ,
Keats Campus Building, telephone
487-2486 . Business and advertising
office, College Union 317 , telephone
487-2266.
Opinions expressed in Collegian editorials , including feature-editorials
and commentaries by guest writers ,
are not n e c e ssarily those of California State Univ<'~sity, . Fresno , or
the student body.
VOZ DE AZTLAN
Co-editors . . . . Susanna Hernandez,
Catalino Jacques
Reporters . .. . . . . . Nora Alvarado,
Al Casares, Miguc·I Contreras,
Leo Gallegos, Tomas Hill,
Ron Orozco
Photographer . . .. . . . . Ed Z e peda
''THE .KENNEL''
BOOKSTORE
SPECIAL DISCOUNT
FRIDAY, MARCH 30
10o/o:
\'iS
.SPO~SOllED 'BY
l)~IJ\OC.lAT s~NAT&
-Z.£Nov,c.t-1 AnJ>
I\EPUBL·ICAN HARMd
CUAaA·NTees No
CHICANO S!NATa8'
Zenovich, Harmer sel')ate bill
would destroy Chicano distriC:t
Dem. Senator George Zenovich
and Rep. Senator John Harmer
have co-sponsored a reapportionment plan (SB 195) which
places insurmountable obstacles
in the path of gaining Chicano
representation in the state Senate.
The Democrat representing
Fresno County has apparently
had a lapse of men10ry concerning all those promises he made
to Chicanos wher1 he ran for his
post.
He continually espoused
the theme that as a represef!tative of the Democratic Party
(The People's Party) he could
represent all the people's inter -est.
Unfortunately, now that Georgie is in office , it is evidently
convenient to forget F res no
County's Chicanos , who comprise
31 per cent of the total county
population. In addition to butchering num0
erous counties with no regard for the redistricting committee. The
district merges an urgan area
criteria established as guidelines
with a rural agricultural one.
for _ reapportionment, such as
In· addition, it deletes the core .
geography and common interest,
area of East Los Angeles, Pohe further demonstrated his dismona and fringe Chicano barrios.
dain by neglecting senatorial repIt also is one of the largest disresentation for the 1.2 million
tricts in the state.
Chicanos residing in East Los
Angeles and Boyle Heights . .
Due to the opposition of ChiGeorgie thought he could pull
canos, Blacks and other groups
a • traditional political sellout
. the bill was held up in committee.
without getting caught. However,
However, this does not mean it
on March 19 a Chicano demonhas been deleted , only temporarstration outside his Fresno office
ily stymied.
placed unfavorable publicity on
his part in the authorship of SB
It will take a concerted effort
195.
by all Raza to defeat this bill.
Georgie then dr~w up a soMore importantly , it ernphasizes
called "Chicano district" in Los
the need for Chicanos to deviate·
Angeles extending far into San
from the two-party system. AcBernardino County • .. In fact , he
tions similar to Zenovich's will
drew it up so hurriedly that the give impetus to the. efforts of La
amendment could not be printed
Raza Unida party to develop the
for a committee hearing on March
viable alternative of Chicano rep. 20.
resentation in the state of CaliHe ·presented it orally before
fornia.
Adelitas seek more··. members By Kathy Sanchez
to each member to go out of her
way to find out when the . next
Las Adelitas has a problem!
meeting is, ·either through flyers
CHICANAS, you have the answer
or by asking at La Raza Studies
to the problem. We have reached
a point of non-communication office. It is also the members'
among members. Las Adelitas . obligation to encourage new Chican only exist on its members' canas to become involved with
input. The past couple of meet- Las Adelitas. The awareness of
ings the attendance was poor. Is the unity of the Chicanas on campus must come from every indithere a problem with time, place
vidual Chicana, NOW!
or class conflict? If so, let the
The next scheduled Adellta
officers know! A new time or
meeting will be an 'evening meetplace can be arranged. It is up
ing on Wednesday, April 4, at
7-9 p.m , in the Collegiate Room
of the Cafeteria. Stella Jaurequi
will be guesLspeaker ~ Stella will
speak on Women's Health and
also the available services offered at the Family Planning Center in Fresno. Not just in the way of birth control, but in
general information all women
should know about her health.
This meeting will be open also.to
all Chicana students attending
Fresno City College. Let's hope
we can have a good turnout from
both colleges. This meeting will
be a good time to bring unity
among ourselves as Chicanas and
at the same time learn some very
important information about our
health that we will be able to
pass on to other Chicanas.
Other business will be dis-. cussed at this meeting. Come
with ideas that can build a stronger group that represents you the
way you want Adelitas to represent the Chicanas on campus. Be
sure the word gets passed around.
This is an important meeting.
Refreshments will be served.
Chicanas mark this date on your
calendar and be there!
Anais Nin
ALL ITEMS
Anais Nin, author and lecturer, will speak in the CU Lounge
tonight at 8 p.m. Her first work,
"D. H. Lawrence: An Unprofessional Study," appeared in 1932.
She has most recently won international acclaim for "The Diary of Anais Nin."
Ch i~a nas ·eva I u ate ·goa Is;
Press ignores real cause
aware of new role
for Wounded \Knee _siege
By Ruth Saludes
Last Saturday marked the first
statewide Chicana Warne.n's Conference held in Sacramento.
There were 17 Chicanas from the
CSUF campus who participated
and the total number of womenin
attendance at the conference was
approximately 400. Representing an parts of the state, they
ranged in age from college student to grandmother. The purpose of the conference was to
provide these women an opportunity to re-examine their roles
evaluate their goals, re-orient
their priorities, and share their
ideas.
Q2.
What about competition?
A2. It's an Anglo thing.
Q3, Is there a difference between competition and aggression?
·
Maybe we need to be aggressive .
And the dialogues, ideas and
emotions went on and on.
cano men from this conference
and future conferences of this
nature.
3. We feelChicanopeoplehave
been oppressed as a group, therefore we have to fight those social.
· forces such as racism and discrimination as a group.
4. We do not accept that the
problems. in Chicano communities are internal but rather that ·
they stem from' so'c ial, economical, and political structures of
Anglo-Saxon North AmericanSociety. ,
At the Worn en in Politics Workshop the topic of voter registration and th~ need for more active
participation was discussed. One
woman- said, we must register _ Judging by the number of participants, questions, and enthupeople because with.out votes we
siasm it would be fair to ·s ay that
have no voice in government.
the conference was a success.
Mention was also made of the
The day's activities were di-Many of us went away With a great
need for support of bills AB 86
vided into two sections, each condeal of new things to think about.
-an equal oppo·rtunity, affirmasisting of four workshops and a
tive action bill-and AB 355-a
The Chicana of today is a new
variety of topics: self-evaluation,bill supporting unemployment inChicana with a new consciousfamily, health, religion, politics, . surance for farm workers. It
ness. Many of us are college
career orientation, we 1 fa re
was also felt that a Spanish surstudents
no longer accepting that
rights, and legal rights~ The two
name is not the only criterion by
our place is only in the home,
workshops which had the majority · which a candidate would be judge-ct
with a husband and a family, but
of attendance were self-evaluaand given voter support. He must
this does not mean that we want
tion and women in politics.
clearly demonstrate his awareto exclude those things from our
ness of the problems and support
The overall consensus of the
lives. With this new found conof
the people first. The group also
sciousness a woman· begins to
group attending the self-evaluadiscussed the recent cuts in the
tion workshop was that they were
exert herself in other ways outManpower Programs and various
already aware of the problems
side the home. At this point, the
other programs. Child care was
and were. more concerned with
man begins to feel threatened and
another
issue.
The
workshop
solutions and goals. An exchange
claims that worn en are losing reof dialogues such as the follow- • terminated with the formation of a
spect, becoming independent and
group to organize lobbyists to
Ing occurred amongst this group:
forgetting the home. This is
fight for needed legislation.
not true in fact. What men fail
Ql.
How do you deal with
to realize is that women are
In addition to the number of
people calling you a vendida?
.working towards the same goals
workshops which took place,
Al. Don't worry about what
as they are-freedom from an
there was also a group which drew
people think of you.
up a set of resolutions and pre- , oppressive, domineering society.
sented them to the body for a vote.
A man should recognize and
A2. You have to develop your
The resolutions proposed and
own priorities and make your own
respect his woman's new found
voted on unanimously by all the
awa,reness and pqtential, visualself-evaluation.
You can't go
women in attendance were the
izing it as a strength to the movaround always worrying about
following:
imiento rather than a-weakness.
being accepted by or pleasing
A man who recogriizes his womeveryone.
.We the Mujeres Chicanas who
an's strength and intelligence
represent many Chicano barrios
A3. In order to understand
and reenforces that strength and
throughout
Aztlan
resolve
the
ourselves we have to look at our
. intelligence with his own, will
following:
own history. We have to see
-greatly lighten his load.
where we've been to know where
· 1. We feel that our Indian siswe're going. We have to talk to . ters and brothers have been conour grandmothers , cousins, aunts
sistently treated unjustly and
MECHA dance
and mothers . The s.c ars are still
therefore recognize the Oglala
MECHA of City College is
on our fac~s , our bodies, and
Nation at Wounded Knee South
sponsoring a dance tonight at the
everywhere . We're going tohave
.Dakota and support their efforts.
Rainbow Ballroom. PaPa Bear
to talk across difference~ in age,
and Friends, Statons, Monsanto
sex, class and other distinctions
2. We feel that all Chicano
and the Fascinations will proso that we can break down the
people have been oppressed as a
vice the music. Tickets are$1.50
barriers that society has imposed
people · and we should not join in
in advance and $1. 75 at the door.
on us.
that oppresslon by excluding Chi-
Wednesday, March 28, 1~73
Since Feb. 27, 1973 the general news services have presented misleading views of the
Indians at Wounded Knee. The
news has stated that the Indians
were drunk, burning buildings and
shooting indiscriminately at federal agents (these newscasts were
heard on the local radio stations
around the Wounded Knee area).
This news is false. Also the
news has never asked the Indians
in Wounded Knee why they are
really there. This information is
vital so that people can understand why the Indians have become so dissatisfied that they
have had to resort to violence in
order to be heard.
The 'problems of the Oglala
Sioux, as history has recorded
have been caused by broke~
treaties and promises. The recent trouble started with the
election of Dick Wilson, a quarter
Indian, as tribal chairman. He
became, in effect, a Hitler, using
terrorism and theft to suppress
the Indians' demands for lands
to farm, and a voice in their own
affairs.
For a year the Sioux lived in
virtual fear for their lives because Wilson had formed wh~t the
Sioux call a "goon squad." Who,
according to the members of the
New Oglala Sioux Sovereign Na-tion Committee, would beat up
Indians and destroy their property if they did not conform. so._
outside help was requested by the
Indians of the Wounded Knee area.
This was the AIM (American
Indian Movement) headedbyRussel Means and Dennis Banks, and
with the consent o~ the people of
the Sioux Reservation (not Dick
Wilson), seized the small hamlet
of Wounded Knee.
The reputable unbtased coverage by the press stated the Indians had AK47 machine guns
(Soviet made) and were merely
a disorganized band of drunken
power-mad Indians,
As reported by a member of
the Minority Advisory Committee
sent to talk to the Indians, only
two such guns were seen during
their eight day stay and Russel
Means passed a mandate that no
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
· alcoholic beverages or other
drugs would be tolerated.
In an interview with Meredith
Quinn, the legal.representative
, of the Sioux, he said the Indians
j have gone out of their way in
Wounded Knee to preserve the
peace. _It has been the •goon
squad" who have been the instigators of trouble between the
federal •agents and the Indians.
And the federal agents have, on
occasion, tried to infiltrate the
settlement and on another occasion attempted to assassinate
Russel Means and Dennis Banks.
As to the blockade, no federal
order was called for the withdrawal and no withdrawal was actually made, only a retreat from
their original positions to another
position, one mile further away.
This was in hopes that the 200
Indians occupying Wounded Knee
would _leave, but they didn't and
400 to 500 more went in with supplies.
To date no news has mentioned
that any other members of the
minority groups or other factors
are there in Wounded Knee. When
the last blockade was set, some
20 Chicanos, 10-12 Blacks and
some members of the VV AW
(Vietnam Veterans Against the
War) were in the area giving support.
Wounded Knee is now more than
a cry of the Sioux. It is a coalition of people who want to see the
Indians get a fair deal. There is
no nationalism in Wounded Knee,
• All of us are brothers," Dennis
Banks said. And all the people
interviewed felt the same way,
The situation is growing. The
people of Wounded Knee need
support, food and medicine. But
whether they get it or whether the
news media helps or hinders,
they will stay and have sworn to
die fighting for the rights they
never had that others have •
7-ELEVEN
OPEN 24' HRS.
CEDAR-SHAW
Th~nk you'd like to try
a ~~Blue Chip'-' career?
Corona: ;ustice denied
(Continued from Page 1)
15. Judge Patton should have
granted bail when prosecuting
Attorney Bart Wiliams said he
had a reasonable doubt.
16. Jurors drank, played cards
and watched television at night
during the deliberations.
17. Bailiff and Matron evesdropped on jury deliberations.
18.
Matron Georgia Wallis
tampered with jury. Judge Patton endorsed jury tampering by
refusing to grant a new trial.
19. Judge Patton who was so
concerned with time, gave three
prosecuting attorneys 5 days to
prepare their argument to the
jury.
20. Long trial usually takes
four days per week. Patton went
five days because the defense had
no relief. Three D,A. 's able to
rotate, thus they could prepare
and rest when they were out of
court, and defense Attorney could
not rest or prepare because he
had · to be in court five days per
week.
defense attorney Richard Hawk
attempted to prove a point of law,
"that he knew the law but HE ruled
in that court."
25.
When defense_ attorney
called his client by his first name,
"Juan," Judge Patton found him
in contempt ..•. five days and
$500.
.
"Justicia Para Juan Corona!!"
I
PSA
wlll grlri and bear
' _· ----.:~.,.... state.
Why not talk to those who know all about
it? The Blue Chip people at Connecticut
Mutual Life.
We can tell you it offers a lot that's hard to
find anywhere else these days. Wide open
_opportunities to go as high as your abilities
and efforts can take you ... the freedom to
choose your own territory and clientele ...
the satisfaction of performing a worthwhile
service for .others. If all this sounds good to
·you, we'd like to talk with you aboutthe
opportunities our unique Sales and Sales
Management Program can offer young men
and women. And we'll be frank about the
pitfalls, too.
Why not ask your placement office to
arrange an interview with;
Jomes W. Shaner, CL U
General Agent
Friday, April 6, 1973
Placement Office
Time: 9 a.m.-4 p.m.
·
.21. Judge ignored broken chain
of evidence.
22. Judge allowed evidence
with no i:dentification card, as to
where or when or how they found
it to be admitted.
23. Judge stated in court, when
20 times a day.
F~om Fresno, you can smile away to Los
Angeles, San Francisco, and Stockton. And return. Call your campus
rep or PSA and ask about our easy-to-bear, low fare.
'
PSA gives you a lift.
3
Connecticut Mutual
Life
THE BLUE CHIR COMPANY• SINCE J 846
1
4
THE DAILY OOLLEGIAN
Wednesday, March 28, 1973
CALI.SA leads fight for rights
(Editor's note:
The following
ts a portion of an article written
del
by carlosRubenCordova,CAUSA
editor.)
I take this opportunity to proudly introduce the CAUSA organization to the many wadus throughout Aztlan, and in do_ing so, included is only a portion of the
great Chicano history of our existance h~re at Soledad Norte. The
name CAUSA, in .itself, signifies
our organization structure and
solid foundaUons of a pre-eminent group stressing emphasis on
our emblem, the Chicano Pinto
ders they are called. We are all
ex-offenders, the only difference
is that some of us got caught. All
too often the rest of us tend to
forget our carnales y carnalas en
la pinta.
I feel that the time for a change
of attitude is long overdue. From
what? I've noticed that over the
past two semesters people are
starting to open their eyes a little more, but they are not completely open yet.
Here on the CSUF campus there
is also a Pinto College Program.
The purpose of this program is
to help Pintos come into school
for a higher education when they
come out of the pintas.
The enrollment at this time
consists of Chicanos, Blacks and
Anglos. If you know of anyone
interested in coming into school
,under this program or information about Soledad, you may contact the EOP office (487-1021).
Also if anyone would like to know
further information about the
Pinto College Program or about
Soledad feel free to call.
Pintos face new hardships
after returning to society
1rno
Action program offers
.assistance for community
ACTION is a proposal that was assigned to their areas and exoriginated through the Social Sci-- - pected to live in that community
ence Department here at CSUF. for the duration of one year. They
The Social Science Department
be living in the same type
deals with impoverished people of housing and experience the
and areas in the County of Fres- same problems that the migrants
no.
.will be experiencing.
The ACTION Program began
To understand what p e op 1 e
on Feb. 5, 1973, to last one fuU ( especially migrants) have to go
year, terminating next February. through, the ACTION volunteers
It · is not yet known if this promust be well informed. Some of
gram will be in effect after its the areas that will he emphafirst year.
sized are Consumer Education,
The ACTION volunteers have Health Ed, and giving people
been enrolled in school for a simple information about welminimum of six units up to a fare. Health round-up clinics for
maximum of 12 units. They are the migrants will_be used as one
salaried similar to- VISTA and of the inlets to the migrant popuPeace Corps programs. The lation.
monthly salary is $230, with a
The volunteers will undergo a
$50 a month stipend. You must
training program to orient them
be enrolled in the program at with the type of work they will
ieast six months in order to rebe · doing. Orientation will be
ceive the stipend.
continuous throughout the year.
The idea of this program is for
The program runs through sumstudents to get more meaningful
mer, in conjunction with the idea
off-campus experience. The prothat migrants are at peak season
gram shows the relevancy of goin the summer months.
ing out in the community to work,
Recruitment will continue to
after living a campus life.
be an ~n-going project. Appli- ACTION is a good lesson in
cations are still heing accepted.
working with a·gencies·, tolerating
For the MAP, contact Barry
red . tape, and at the same time,
Caffee at the Thomas Administrying to keep the enthusiasm of
tration Building, room 123.
the students who have volunteered
For the RAP, contact Lester
for the program.
Riggins in Black Studies, San
There are two programs under
Ramon 4 , room 245, if you are
ACTION. Reading Assistance
interested.
Program"'(RAP) . which ls supervised by Lester Riggins, and
the Migratory Assistance Program (MAP), supervised by Barry Caffee. Coordinators for this
program are Stella Jauregui and
Kate Karikka.
The RAP is being done in
Fresno City schools. Students in
the program are giving assistance
to children with special problems in reading.
The MAP will cover Fresno
County. Volunteers in this program wUl be stationed in different rural areas. Areas that have
now been approved by ACTION
staff are: Huron, Coalinga, Westside, Reedley, Sanger, Biola and
Mendota. Plneda~.e is still being
reviewed. The volunteers will be
wlll
CHARTER
FLIGHTS
International - Domestic
!SIC Cards- Student Rail Passes
DAVE HALPERN
Campus Travel Advisor
Student Services West, Inc.
21 IB Graves Hall - CSUF
Phone 487•3651
The above is not sponsored by the
CSUC or the FSC Association, Inc.
The organization was founded
in 1967 by equcated, informed,
interested and determined Chicanos who recognized the need of
•La Raza" to become aware of
the oppression being inflicted upon them by the political, educaThere is a need to offer greater
tional, economical, social and
opportunity in all areas of vocatech·nological society... At that
tional training and in higher edtime, the organizaMon was named
ucation to Pintos ( ex-convicts)
•Grupo Cultural Latino-Ameriin correctional institutions and
cano (Latin-American Cultural
in the outside community.
Group).. . Our name and emblem
What La Raza fails to realize
were changed in 1972 to our presis that a large number of our
ent CAUSA and Pinto emblem.
carnales and carnalitas are now
We have come a long way since
oppressed by confinement. Sta. 1967 but we are still striving to
tistics show that Chicanos repreach our goals. Our goals are
resent 16. 7 per cent and Chicanas
to living our Raza together in
9.4 per cent of the inmate popuunity, to overcome our misfor- · lation in California Penal Institunes. We as ethnic and minoritutions. (Aforementioned statisty groups have so many.
tics are as of June 30, 1972). La
We must educate outselves and
Raza is also unaware and has been
reach total awareness of what has
misled as to what does really
kept us down for so many years.
confront our carnales.
We must strive in all aspects to
At present, failure exists in rereach this awareness; awareness
socializing and re-integrating the
in the full sense of the word.
Pinto. Historically, society has
Our struggle may seem implaced the Pinto, -the Tecato and
possible for some people. But
others en la Pinta. Thus, the offrom inside these walls, we Chi- . fender is severed from society
canos know that nothing is i-m and placed in a locality where he
possible. our Brown Hearts are
can theoretically be kept from
too strong to say give up. No!!!
committing undesirable acts. BeWe drive and keep on going, yellcause isolation, in virtually eyery
ing, Que Viva La Raza!! Que
situation, prevents posit i ve
Viva La Causal! Remember Chigrowth. Then the Pinto is recanos, the strength is in the Unileased possessing more negative
ty! Unidos Venceremos! Y Que
traits than he originally hand; He
Viva La Raza!!
has been given, in most cases,
.I have found that many people
nave a stereotype of Pintos , excons, or whatever you wish to
THEATRE
call them. These stereotypes
1324 W. Shield~
come many times from movies,
television programs and the news
One Show Nightly - 8 p.m.
media.
Because of these stereotypes
the Pinto is often ignored and
Friday, Saturday, Sunday
forgotten by people outside. "Out
Mar. 30, 31 & April 1
of sight, out of mind." Ex-offen"A MAN AND A WOMAN"
PARK
"BELLE DE JOUR•
MOBILE
HOME
12x60 Mobile home . swimming
pool, front & rear bathrooms
with baths shag carpets, custom
drapes. immediate possession.
l 500 Villa. Space I 06 . Clovis
Open all day Thurs . & Sat.
Fri,Sat,Sun-April 6,7,8
the Royal Ballet
Rudolf Nureyev and
Margo F onteyn
"ROMEO AND JULIET '1
only one reason for changing his
pre-prison patterns - the experience of Interment (the act of
interring) a threat he has always
been aware of.
Upon his release from incarceration, the Pinto is expected to
become a viable member of society. However, the Pinto returning to an environment similar to
that which he left after committing the convicting offense will
eventually fall into the same patterns and more than likely commit an equivalent crime.
Society should come to the aid
of the oppressed when conditions
,become unbearable. But do our
people have to rely on society to
come to our aid?
Educating our people, the Pinto
in some way wi ll be the key to
our progress.
SPECIALS
CANVAS
~~!!!.95~
\\1
595
BOTTOMS
STYROFOAM
PELLETS
for . bean bag chairs ·
AIR FORCE
21,
GLASSES
SUN
Complete selection of
ARTIST
MATERIALS
20% ~~~~e9J!~!
Canvas - brushes
liquetex - frames - oils
ARMY & NAVY
CLOTHING
WOOL tii~s 5
SHIRTS 3'
SHREDDED
FOAM so~
RUBBER
JACKETS
$ 295
LB.
S;~LLES
& UP
WAR SURPLUS
DEPOT
602 Broadway
apt. $45. Call Linda at
268-0390 AFTER 6:00 P .M.
NICE
237-361S
.
..