La Voz de Aztlan, May 18 1970
Item
Title
La Voz de Aztlan, May 18 1970
Creator
Associated Students of Fresno State
Relation
La Voz de Aztlan (Daily Collegian, California State University, Fresno)
Coverage
Fresno, California
Date
5/18/1970
Format
PDF
Identifier
SCUA_lvda_00012
extracted text
ODA A M.A.P.A.
CHICANO POWER!!
un sueno
una mentira
Perras ladran en el movimiento
Borrachos de envidia
y egoismo
Buitres cantan y bailan
con dios
y rezan a los Estados Unidos
Almas en el aire
Prostituyendose
CHI CANO POWER!!
Es el corazon de la juventud
la al ma neuva
Ninos de bronze
entranas abortadas
Derramandose en Vietnam
en la pinta
Lloran por esos pechos
que los han dejado huerfanos
coma un grano de arena
en el viento
Anhelan por ese vientre carinoso
y prenado de mentira
Chicanos miren a sus barrios
A los files
Alli nacera
un futuro
una esperanza
Con venas llenas de bronze
Banados de sol y tierra
Un del incuente de la vida
un huerfano
Que yace en la cuna
de verdad
CHICANO POWER!!
Abro mis ojos
y miro vendidos
Cierra mis ojos
y sueno ninos
Que juegan con Che.
Jorge Leos
TONIGHT
RENAY
Tonight
1 want to plant rainbows
and water them with my tears
1 am alone, thinking of you
The world is a lost ship
I am a sailor
Diez y siete meses
Al Ii estabas
ojos llenos de luna
Cogiendo estrellas del aire
hablando con un Angel
Riendote con el viento
Que jugaba por los arboles
y yo en mi ignorancia
lloraba
Te conoci un momenta
infinito, eterno
Goze de tu bel I eza
blandita, dul ce, sonol ienta
Pero naciste a una pesadilla
y ahora estan cerrados tus ojos
para siempre
Yo ciego, miro tu tumba
ue encarcela tu al ma
lloro lagrimas secas
qu caen como vidrio
est rel landose en la Bibi a
Rezo, y salen nub s de aire
Porque ••• Porque •••
Mi corazon se ha vu Ito en ceniza
que huye entre la noche
Buscando a mi cunado que ma muerto
u camino borracho
prostituyendo su corazon •.•
Jorg L OS
1
want to kidnap you, princess of the sun
Take you away from the city'
away from bad dreams
from the coldness of
today
I want to meet you
On a pyramid carrying flowers to
my funeral
I want to see you
In moonlight at your window
and give you sad mexican songs
I want to gather I ittle stars
and bring them to you
in the clear morning
1 want to make sense of the world
(candy bar, chrome, plastic roses airplanes
words)
'
'
wait for me
i am a river
you are everything
=-----------~--~
.
.
.
NET
A
Ernesto Trejo Reyes
ltLIVA~ .eN
LING Me~NIN G- ...
" f ATHEK,'' i 5Af t, ''A~E . YIV
1« A~r Y•u N•·r •~ '
't/HI· A~E 'IIU? ,,'
AN, ~E 5Aft:
' I
EVE~Y
HUN:,~~E , ~EAltS
\4HE ~ 111.f PE• I' LE
«.l'E
Para ti, mi Pajarito
mi hijo de bronze
tan amoroso
que era
un corazon de m iel
adonaba
a su madre
le ayudaba
con el •quehacer•
y muy carinoso
con su hermanitos
mi hijo
de bronze
lastima
I e tenia a todos
menos
para el mismo
salio
de la escuela
traicionera
para ayudar
soportar
n ustra familia
trabajamos
esta tierra hermosa
sclavos
d ranch ros
pcro
a los dies y nu va
I gobierno
no los quito
fue a peliar
una guerra ••••
una causa
muy miserable
al ano y medio
junio 23
un balazo
por la media
de la frente
mi hijo
do bronze
all i quedo
WAKE ur."
pobre
de mi hijo
nacido campesino
en las escuelas
tratado
de pendejo
por hablar
su idioma
el gavacho
Io condenaba
y el ranchero
se Io fregaba
con trabajo
y mas trabajo
mi hijo
de bronze
pobre
d mi hljo
nunca pudo ser
lo qu deseaba
su corazon
su cuerpo
lo adonaba
cl gobierno
pero su mente
nunca
lo ocupo
porque para el
su raza
ere primero
mi hijo
de bronze
esta muerto
moerto muerto •••
lagrimas
de sentimiento
se me salen
Tu para mi eres la cosa mas preciosa
Eres el mundo con el sol bril Iante
mis ojos
Si, tu eres una cosa
adoloridos
Que me ilumina cada dia
de I lorar
Me I evanto y hay estas
(no lo quitaron)
GUEVARA
GUEVARA
Con tus ojos que brillan coma perlas
Mi amor eres mi tesoro
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
He buscado un pajaro como tu
No lo he hayado, pero lo he buscado
we have come to claim your body
Como un loco en busca del amor perdido;
undertakers of a huge America
te haye si,
cutting through shrubs of a silent heaven
Pero tambien, te voy a perder
saddened
No hora, quien sabe si el dia despues
by your blood that flows from darkened leaves
Si, digo que te perdere
on the Bolivian hills
Antes que te pierda, mejor no por el bien
.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __. we plunder through the world
Tendre que morir
Porque si no, sera porque estare infatuado
in search of you
con otro que le llaman San Juan de los Lagos '. Poemas Por El Senor Omero Jose Cabrera
and find you
No estare viviendo
a child
passionate and hungry
Si, estare muerto, como los demas malvados
SEA DESGRACI ADO
(the passion of your mother Che)
EL GOBIERNO
HEI Chicano"
your eyes form avenues for dusty withered skulls
through grass
mi hijo
Viva el Chicano de los Estados Unidos,
blood
de bronze
Que han muerto muchos pel iando por su vida
and more blood
quisiera revivirte
Tendremos que segui r viviendo,
te amamos
Guevara ••• Guevara wake up
Porque en lo largo saldremos lunchando
mi hijo
it is raining in Bolivia
Por la causa que tendremos que sostener
el mas carinoso
and the campesinos
Pod re mos sobrevivi r nuestros fracasos
el mas val iente
with voices of I ead
Porque en lo largo sabemos que saldremos ganando.
are talking with putrid suspicion
Vida
viva mi hijo
(sinnews and flesh from Argentina Che)
de bronze
La Vida es conio un pajaro luminoso
and secretive Gods with sharpened axes
Uno que baja del cielo, y llega a para en la puerta
condenado
look for your body
de mi corazon
sea los
as cocaine
llendose, y dejandome triste
estados unidos
smolders
Llena mi mente
la matanza
from the windows
De Nuves azules,
de chicanos
making disguises
Como el amor que tu un dia me diste
in the huge Bolivian sky
asi nos tienen
(the landing Che ••• the landing)
-l'ASL•
FRESNO STATE COLLEGE, FRESNO, CALIFORNIA
.Daily
Collegian
LXXV /136
MONDAY, MAY 18, 1970
s iguemos
siguemos
s iguemos
siguemos
en la probreza
como esclavos
sufriendo
llorando
y
sigueremos gritando
viva la causa
porque un dia
venceremos
y los de mas
de mis hijos
no tendran
que sufrir
como
mi santo
h ijo de bronze
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
there is hunger is Bolivia
and children mumble on the hilltops
with your Ii ps
(the river is strewn with dead communists Guevara)
and that mystery that talks of you
on that damp earth
waiting for that troubled sea
to Chant
Guevara ••• Guevara
we have found you
your blood fil Is our throats
our lungs
our belly
with a SI™! 11 as fresh
as yesterda_yls fallen snow
L uls Omar Sa.llnas-
--
Sister Sadie says
That's what it's all about
Black folks in the woods can
be right funny. Now I want yo' all
to understand that this is the
woods I'm talking bout, not niggas
in the woodpile. •Niggas in the
woodpile• is a white folks sayin
for that surprise bump what upsets the apple cart, the fix somebody puts yo llttle red wagon in,
the monkey wrench that messes
up all them nice plans you made.
And I guess the white folks come
by that sayin honest cause we
sho 'nough put this Land of Liberty out of wack by holdin up
them chains we wore durin slavery time, upset the apples in this
Land of Justice by movin to the
front of the Jim Crow car, fixed
em by Pursuin Happiness on
college campuses that our sweat
and tears and blood - not to
mention taxes - have helped to
build. Yeah, they come by the
sayin honest enough, but, like I
say, that ain't the wood I'm talkin bout.
The wood I'm talkin bout is the
natural forest, nature; you know,
sky, trees, dirt, flies and animal
droppins. Now, I know it surprise
you to find out I's a nature girl.
It surprised me, too. Cause I
come to be out in the woods on
a humbug. For all the talk I do
about white folks, I ain't racist.
Some of my best friends is white
and it was them what enticed me
away from my clean, fly-free
home. It ain't too many Black
folk from the city what gon go
willingly into the woods, no way,
and the only way a person gon
get em out there is to put em in
some kind of trick. So my friends
- what will remain nameless tempted me with the promise of
a week-end of soulful dissipation
listening to Miles Davis and otherwise jammin and good ti min up
in San Francisco. Well we did do
that - for one night. Next thing
I knowed, I found myself out in
the woods trekin ten miles to a
•good time,• hot dirty, sweaty,
tired, mad and wonderin how in
the world my great grandmamma
ever made it walkin from Virginia
to Texas durin slavery time.
Course, I shouldaknownsomething was wrong somewhere. That
little picnic folks talked about
kept gettin what they called more
"rustic• each time they mentioned it and the- distance we had
to walk kept gettin longer each
time I asked, how far. And it
wasn't enough that folks got me
out in the woods under false pretense, they got me halfway between the campground and the car
and had the nerve to tell me
something had been following us
through the trees since we got
on that trail. I know them folks
was surprised that a old woman
like me could move like a bat
outta hell when I don't too much
dig what's comin up behind me.
Yes, chi'ren, I wants you to
know, ole Sadie walked ten miles
into The Woods to have a •good
time." I didn't believe it myself.
It remind me of my young days
when we used to walk ten miles
to a dance or party. That's what
we called a good time, then. And
sittin round that campfire out
there, heating them hot dogs and
cookin them hamburgers reminded me of all them cold winter
mornings my mamma lit a fire
out in them fields and set me to
keep it goin so us kids could
stay warm while she and daddy
pulled them sacks down them long
rows of cotton and how at noon
she would come in and heat up
the beans cause daddy said a man
couldn't work on a cold day with
nothin but cold food on his stomach. And many and many a night
when we was followin the crops,
the light of that campfire took the
place of food in us bellies.
Can you get ready for these
folks doin the very things, goin
back, almost, to the very times
I worked so hard to get away
from? Only what these folks was
doin for fun, I had done to Ii ve.
And I got Just like an Indian hostile. I didn't like it when I
was comin up and I doggone sure
didn't like it being old like I am.
I had to get away, be by myself
so I could get my cool back together. r went down by this little
creek that was runnin from one
place to another. I just walk beside it for a while and all I hear
is the noise the water make goin
over the rock and gravel on the
bottom of the stream. Trees risin
up on either side of the creek
and it just this little strip ot
beach I'm walkin on and the sky
way overhead. The water clear
and cold and it sound fill that
little place and little by little that
water talk to me. I'm tellin you
what God love, chil' ren. The
water talk to me, not in words
but in its sound. And I knowed
that my great grandmamma made
it from Virginia to Texas two
hundred years ago the same way
I made it from followin the crop
to newspaper writer and advisor
to colleges. We made it the same
way all Black people made it in
this country. Cause we had to.
Wasn't nothing else we could do.
And I look at them trees and that
sky and listen to that water and
knowed that this was land. This
where we come from, what we
put so much into, what we got to
go back to, the land. And that's
what it's all about, chil'ren. Land.
And I knowed too that I could off
a whole heap of hunkies if a
piece of land was at the end.
Editorial From
The Washington,
DC, Post
Among the nation's minorities
who are increasingly less silent
about their lot is the one of 61 / 2
million Mexican-Americans. The
poverty they suffer is as bad or
worse as the bleakest conditions
endured by the blacks, Appalachians or Indians. Unemployment
is roughly twice the rate ofwhite
Americans.
In the Southwest, more than a
third live below the poverty level.
In 1968, only 600 of 22,000 grad-
uates of the Southwest's five main
universities were Mexican Americans.
The U.S. Commission on Civil
Rights recently added another
dismal fact about MexicanAmericans: They suffer large
amounts of abuse and violence
from law enforcement agencies,
ranging from casual insults to
brutal beatings. The commission's survey covered the Southwest, where more than four million Mexican-Americans live.
None of this information is
new, either to the victimized
themselves or to those who work
to help them. What is new is that
a growing number of organiza-
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tions are being formed by Mexican-Americans to confront and
change the powers and institutions that deal with them so unfairly either directly or indirectly. The more well-known include
MA YO (Mexican- American Youth
Organization), a three-year-old
movement largely in Texas which
is seeking, and gaining, an economic base as a means for political action; OMICA (Organized
Migrants in Community Action),
a Florida group that helps migrant workers deal with state and
federal assistance agencies, insurance companies and, most im·
portant, the employers.
The test of the coming years
is not so much how the Mexican·
Americans will use their growing
power - violently or nonviolentlY
- but whether the larger white
society continues to ignore their
rights and needs. Commissione;
Vicente Ximenes of the U.S. Equa
Employment Opportunities com·
mission warned last June, •YoU
must have a rising awareness in
the nation and especially in the
Southwest ' of the obligations of
governme~t officials and cer·
tainly the people, the obligati:
to a very important segment
the population. It would seem to
me that we are taking five milliO~
people in this area for grante
at our own peril. It would be a
·t tor
tragedy if we had to wai
n
something explosive to happe
before we acted.•
.
are
The Mexican-Americans
basically the old story of the
wanting in the longest runnl
'
stage,
drama on the American
t
The hope this time around is th \
perhaps the old story, thr00 e
public legislation and Pr iv ad·
compassion, will have a new en
ing.
P~;
f
THE CALIFORNIA
Ti/Jarcio Vasquez
By La Adelita
per haps you wonder how it is
"La Adelita" writes an article
Cal"f
·
about a
1 ormano rather than
something about Emiliano Zapata
.
and pane ho Vill a. The reasons
are many, among them the very
important fact that Zapata and
.
Villa have been given the credit
most rightfully theirs whereas
f
.
the Cali orniano-mexicano who
also foug~t for his rights has
been dismissed as the California
outlaw by the An~lo and largely
ignored by the Chicano. (For example, one o~ our so-called
"Mexican American leaders" was
appalled that a TV program made
mention of those "horrible band1ts• Ti burcio Vasquez and Joaquin Murr ieta .) There are other
reasons for the need to begin
writing about the California guerrillero. I can't help recalling as
I watched a program on African
dance s how excited . the Black
girls became when a not too authentic Zulu warrior appeared.
l thought then, how amazing, we
all need warriors to be proud of.
I then recalled to mind not only
Zapata and Villa but closer to
home - Tiburcio Vasquez.
Then , there is another allimportant reason. We have been
called the •gentle revolutionaries • by a well known MexicanAmerican educator. It brings to
mi nd a conversation I once had
with another fellow Chicano who
made tfie statement that all moveme nts have had uprisings before
they succe eded but the Chicano
movement has not. I then went
on to cite Murrietta, Vasquez and
many othe r s to prove that our
people have risen but have been
put down. I was very sad if not
surprised to discover this fellow
Chicano, thr ough no fault of his
own (he was a product of u.s.
schools), had never heard of any
of these Californianos-mexicanos. I hope I have made my point
as to the impor tance of our learni ng more about our history here
in the Southwest-northern Mexico.
I will begin with Tiburcio vasquez not because the others were
less important, but because the
19th day of March which recently
passed was the 94th anniversary
of Vasquez' death-a fact which I
was happy and proud to see the
Teatro campesino commemorate
in their latest skit.
Tiburcio Vasque z was born in
Monterey, Califo rnia, on August
11, 1895. He was born into a
respectable family of the community. The Vas quez family
home, directly in back of Colton
Hall in Monterey is a handsome
white adobe building. Tiburcio
had three brother s and two sisters who were ve ry fond of him.
He came from a closely-knit
family as most Mexican fa mi.l ies
a re and ha ve always been. The
young Tibur cio attended school
in Monterey, and was a good student. A few samples of his writing
have survived and here one can
see that his handwriting is bold,
the letters carefully formed large
and beautiful. Two of these samples are poems, one in English
(Whi ch he learned after the American invation) and one inSpanish.
At the time of his trial and
hanging in San Jose , Vasquez was
thirty -nine yea rs old, a figure of
elegance, wearing a neat 1Y
t rimmed full beard and mustache
and often dressed in a suit, tie
and polished boots. This according to the Anglo reporters of the
day, who followed him from the
day of his capture to that of his
execution. Accordi ng to the description in the records of the
Sheriff of Santa Clara County,
Vasquez was not more than 5 feet
6 inches in height, had dark hair,
dark brown eyes and had a light
compleXion •for a Mexican.• He
was a native Californian.
In 1846, began the Mexican-
WARRIOR
American War v
was
eleven years old· 1 asquez
1948
ico lost the wa • nd
' Mexr an California
became part of th u s
was thirteen yeae • •dVasquez
rs o1 • From
here on, followed the er i
called by Anglo text~k O d
perios of the •Mexi
s th e
can bandits•
in the Southwest. Joa ui M
ta sprang up in 1849q Hn uriet• e was off
the California scene b 1853
One night, someui:e in 852
when Vasquez was but seventeen
he and a man named Anastaci~
Garcia, in company with another
Jose Heiguerra, attended a fandango in Monterey. During the
evening, a fistfight ensued. Constable William Hardmount an
Anglo, entered the hall and '•attempted to establish order." What
happened then is not altogether
clear, but the constable was slain
Vasquez was never officlall;
charged with the crime although
he was sought for questioning.
That night Garcia and Vasquez
fled into the hills where they remained for some time. Their reason for doing so is quite obvious•
they feared so-called Americ~
•justice". Although the •crime"
was never charged against any of
the trio let alone proved 1 Jose
~eiguerra was seized by th e Vigllantes and, without a trial was
hanged.
From this time on until his
capture in 1874, Vasquez reigned
as the fiercest •bandit• of California, creating what the Anglo
called a reign of terror. Some of
the reasons he was able to survive so long are worth taking
note of. Vasquez never stole from
or killed a fellow brother, aMexican. Therefore the Mexican population, who considered the Anglp
the invader, hid and sheltered
Vasquez whenever the need
arose. He was also noted for being a gentleman and made apoint
of respecting women. This was
one of the reasons Vasquez disliked the Anglo of that time, for
his uncouthness and lack of
breeding. Even the Anglo reporters of the day admit that
Vasquez was not full of bravado,
but simply and quietly brave and
courageous to his death.
It is important for those who
may think that Vasquez was a
common "bandit" with a band of
a few men that he had an army
of men which numbered in the
hundreds. It is also important
to note his farsightedness , for
Vasquez had ambitions toward
effecting an uprising or revolution against the Yankee invaders
of California.
Finally, in 1874, with the help
of a traitor who •sold himself"
(vendido), Vasquez was captured
by the Anglos. He was tried and
finally hung in San Jose on the
19th day of March, The very fac tual account by an Anglo reporter
of his death, is that of a man
who died with the most incredible
courage one could ever imagine.
i
The Anglos of the day who saw
him die were stunned that he did
not die like a common •bandit•
but like a warrior. Vasquez was
burled like the hero he was to
the Mexican people o!Call!ornla,
in Santa Clara where his grave
can still be found. Thus Tlburcio Vasquez, the California Warrior, became one with the eternity of time that never ends,
Another example of American
justice are the two photographs
which appear on this page. These
also occurred in orthern California. The two MeXicans were
hung near a bridge on Water
Street, in Santa Cruz on May 3
1877. They were hun~, without~
trial, by forty Anglo Vigilantes
who disguised themselves by
painting their faces. They were
then photographed while hanging,
wlth their hats on, which were
placed on them for the pur pose of
photographing. The photographs
were then sold as •souv nlrs• to
visiting tourists.
The three Mexican men ln the
second photograph were ccused
of raping an Anglo girl in Santa
Cruz and, also without a trial or
proof of their guilt, were hung
near Santa Rose in the mid 1930's.
They were also photographed and
their pictures were sold to tourists as souvenirs. This is how
the Anglo in the West could give
the Eastern Anglo, even in the
not-too-distant-past 1930's an
example of his •Law andOrder."
FALL LEASING.
For new Apt s. acros s
from FSC
Cedar & hields Ph. 227 -3564
Senator Humanities
MAY 20
r: ----------------,
EUROPE U FUGHTS
I
RTORUINPD:
JET CHARTER Fll GHTS - SU~MER & FALL
MISC INC
Artefactorage - Unicom Leather
·----------------~-~
I
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1920
Finest Corsage s & Floral Make-up
:LONDON $275.
:LO
DON $135. ~:! II
1
OPENING SOON
Across from FS
Married Couple on ly
Contact Manager,
2067 E. Shaw, or
Phone 224-4842
I
I
I
EstCondits
FLOWERS & 61FH
C APITO L I TERNATIONAL AIRWAYS
- MGR. POSITION
Sandals
Pottery
Purses
Batik
Belts
Gadgets
Hats
Wine
watchbands
Candles
Jewelry
"Your Clo se st Florist"
MATT
POTTHAST
Whtie a well-known Bls hop was
visiting an Indian tribe , the Chief
invited hi m to go for a long ride
after dinner. Bishop Lang as ked,
"Will it be safe fo r me to leave
my baggage here ?" Chief Redwing answered with , "Yes, there
is not a white man within 40
miles."
Now leas ing for
Summer & Fall
I
You can hear •~ everywhere
you go. You pick up a newspaper
or magazine, listen to the news
on radio, watch it on television
and they all do the same ~ ,
condemn violence.
But I say right o n ! ~ ~
si I
-It's about time the Chicanos,
Blacks and progressive orth
American youth learn that flowers don't stop bullets, and the
sweet smell of flowers can't protect us from tear gas. I don't like
to kill. I don't like to maim. I
don't llke to cause blood to flow.
I don't want to die. But I don't
like to see my people in chains.
But I don't like to see my Asian,
African and Latin American people burned, gassed, tortured, enslaved, and slaughtered so that
Nixon can buy a new yacht, so
that the Kennedys can buy a new
summer resort, so that the
Rocketellers can make another
million tax free. I don't want to
be the slave that tills their bath
with mllk and honey and my
blood.
No, I don't want to be violent.
l have not been violent. And I
have not been free. I have worked
all my life and gained nothing.
They have gained everything.Now
I wlll take what is righttully mine.
I Will take the power along with
my brothers and we will determine our own lives. If the oligarchic structure which enslaves
and exploits us will turn over the
power in a non-violent manner,
we will take it in a non-violent
manner. If we have to take 1t ln
a violent manner, we will take it
in a violent manner. Weare more
than jusilfled in doing so. A slave
is always justified in killlng hts
master to gain freedom.
•The oppressed are justified
in turning violent to overthrow
the opporessor. • These are the
words of a Catholic priest who
put down his collar and picked up
the gun to free his people. His
was the most Christ-like act that
can be taken,
Que viva la revoluclonl! !
Que viva nuestro pueblo llbre! !
Patria o muerte, venceremostr
-Ygriega
ELECT
NEWPORT ARMS
New chemical c ompany
loobng for qualified personnel to help in st tew id e
expansion. Con s tant pert
time.
Send resume to:
MR . OTTERNESS
P . 0 Box SJJ
Pinedale , California
VIOLENCE?
The Mextcan-Amerlcan Political Convention recently endorsed
Ricardo Romo, Peace and Freedom Party gubernatorial candidate, as their choice in the upcoming state elections.
Romo, 29, received his Bachelor of Arts degree !rom San
Francisco State in mathematics.
During this time , he was actively
involved in organizing food caravans and other acttvlties for the
United Farm Workers Organizing
Committee. Later, when press
secretary for Reies Tigerina,
Romo worked to bring the southwest land question to the public
and helped form the People's
Constitutional Party which supported Tigerina tor governor ot
ew Mexico.
In 1967, Romo helped organize
the Peace and Freedom Party.
Armando Rodriguez, local
MAPA president and attorney,
listed two reasons why MAPA
supports Romo instead ofaDemoc r tic or Repu lie n candid te,
as had b n don in the past.
First, he said, MAPA want d
to show the two ma1or poUttcal
parties that hie nos were dissatisfied with th way the Democrat
and Republicans we re
treating their reque ts.
•1t was a protest vote to let
both ma1or pol1ttcal parties know
that we (Chicanos) didn't belong
to either party," he stated.
He said •maybe" then the two
maJor parties will recognize the
minority voice.
Secondly, the !act that Romo is
Chicano and that the Peace and
Freedom platform concerns itself with the minority were also
considered towards Roma's support.
Ramo's main campaign goal ls
to bring about recognition and
public awareness of the California Partido de la Raza Unida, a
third party first started in the
Southwest and now wanting a
political foothold among California's Spanish-speaking voters.
Part of Ramo's campaign
statement explains his candidacy
as offering •La Raza a unique
opportunity to take a position
with respect to 'traditional' politics. We can reject the 'lesserof
two evils' theory. We can reject
the concept of giving our support
to 'maybe gain a little' for the
'Mexican' community. We can
reJect our historical position of
being forced back two s teps for
every one s tep forward •
A TOUC H OF HUMOR
-LOW RATESOPPORTUNITY
ROMO
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The fighting in Vietnam continues and with it the atrocities
that this government is commit''Isn't it wonderful, Brothers ting against that nation. A re, cent report by the American
He died so you and I might live/ friends Service Committee ( Quakers) revealed that u. s. B-52s
have dropped "~ore tons of explosives on this tiny country
than on all the Axis powers in
World War II, and with n•ry
month the loads are bigger and
the bombs heavier.
But the worse er ime of a 11 is
being committed against the Chicano.
A recent article in the
Los Angeles Times reported on the
findings of Dr. Ralph Guzman, a
professor at the University of
California at Santa Cruz.
The
study showed that Chicanos in the
military have a higher death rate
in,~ietnam than all other •&ePvicemen. Although we constitute
11 % of the population in the Southwest, 19% of the men being
killed are Chicanos.
The reason for these disproportionate rates is the highly
unjust draft system which depends
on the Chicano who isn't in college (and how may Chicanos even
graduate from high school, much
less attend college?) to feed
the bloodthirsty stomach of the
Pentagon.
If a Chicano is fortunate enough to survive a year in Vietnam will he have the same opportunities that his blue-eyed,
blond-headed war buddy will have
when he returns to this country?
Next to the Mexican-American
War, this is the worst crime this
country has committed in its history.
Every Chicano should be
repulsed by what the U. s. is
doing to the Vietnamese people,
and for what the military services are doing to the Chicano.
Everyone of us should be convinced beyond any doubt that this
war must end now and that no Chicano should have to serve in .-ny
branch of the military until the
U. S. withdraws o
II
GAME CANCELLED
The Fresno State-L.A. State
baseball contest scheduled for
this evening has been cancelled.
The noon double-header set for
to morrow will occur as scheduled.
it: ________
0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __.
LOU'S BARBERS
U .N'
HAIRSTYLING
T h e Me th od Pr e f e rr ed by
H o ll y w ood C e le briti es
Shaw-\ est Shopping Ce nter
H a irc u t!:. $2. 50 112 & und e r $ 2 .00
S a t. $ 2.25
Ph. 222-9945
2087 W. Shaw
Mexico '70
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PROGRAM
$396.20 all inclusive
and opti onal
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Published five days a week except
holidays and examination periods by
the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $15 a year. Editorial office,
Business 235, telephone 487-2170.
Business office, College Union 316
telephone 487~266.
& UP
NAVY SHIRTS
ATTENTION!
ALL
Teachers - Students
SIZES
- SUMMER INCOME Part or ful I time, can start
part time. Send resume to
Mr. Otterness
P.O. Box 533
Pinedale, California
WANT ADS ,
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Student Charges Welcome - No Co-signer Necessary.
Special Semester Terms for St11dents
Furn 2 BR across from dorms
share w/3 others $45. 439-6481
Suzuki 1968 305CC. Mint cond.
$500. 439-6727
Wi 11 trade 4-barrel carb. manifold from 302 V8 Cougar for 2barrel carb & manifold. 487-
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'62 Corvair - new Brks. Gen
WISION•TECHNICOLOR'
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195
595
G.I. FIELD
JACKETS
Most co m plete stock of
Jackets - and s izes in
the Valley.
The most electrifying
ritual ever seen!
BICIDD BARRIS
as"A MAIi
CltI,ED BOBSI"
up
l
FRE.S NO'S LARGEST JEWELERS
DOWNTOWN
237-2101
1107 fUL.TON MALL
8een fri. Hites 'Til 9
MANCHESTER
3540 Blackstone
229-8511
Ooen Mon. & Fri. Niles 1il 9
WAR SURPLUS DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
OPEN SUNDAYS
CHICANO POWER!!
un sueno
una mentira
Perras ladran en el movimiento
Borrachos de envidia
y egoismo
Buitres cantan y bailan
con dios
y rezan a los Estados Unidos
Almas en el aire
Prostituyendose
CHI CANO POWER!!
Es el corazon de la juventud
la al ma neuva
Ninos de bronze
entranas abortadas
Derramandose en Vietnam
en la pinta
Lloran por esos pechos
que los han dejado huerfanos
coma un grano de arena
en el viento
Anhelan por ese vientre carinoso
y prenado de mentira
Chicanos miren a sus barrios
A los files
Alli nacera
un futuro
una esperanza
Con venas llenas de bronze
Banados de sol y tierra
Un del incuente de la vida
un huerfano
Que yace en la cuna
de verdad
CHICANO POWER!!
Abro mis ojos
y miro vendidos
Cierra mis ojos
y sueno ninos
Que juegan con Che.
Jorge Leos
TONIGHT
RENAY
Tonight
1 want to plant rainbows
and water them with my tears
1 am alone, thinking of you
The world is a lost ship
I am a sailor
Diez y siete meses
Al Ii estabas
ojos llenos de luna
Cogiendo estrellas del aire
hablando con un Angel
Riendote con el viento
Que jugaba por los arboles
y yo en mi ignorancia
lloraba
Te conoci un momenta
infinito, eterno
Goze de tu bel I eza
blandita, dul ce, sonol ienta
Pero naciste a una pesadilla
y ahora estan cerrados tus ojos
para siempre
Yo ciego, miro tu tumba
ue encarcela tu al ma
lloro lagrimas secas
qu caen como vidrio
est rel landose en la Bibi a
Rezo, y salen nub s de aire
Porque ••• Porque •••
Mi corazon se ha vu Ito en ceniza
que huye entre la noche
Buscando a mi cunado que ma muerto
u camino borracho
prostituyendo su corazon •.•
Jorg L OS
1
want to kidnap you, princess of the sun
Take you away from the city'
away from bad dreams
from the coldness of
today
I want to meet you
On a pyramid carrying flowers to
my funeral
I want to see you
In moonlight at your window
and give you sad mexican songs
I want to gather I ittle stars
and bring them to you
in the clear morning
1 want to make sense of the world
(candy bar, chrome, plastic roses airplanes
words)
'
'
wait for me
i am a river
you are everything
=-----------~--~
.
.
.
NET
A
Ernesto Trejo Reyes
ltLIVA~ .eN
LING Me~NIN G- ...
" f ATHEK,'' i 5Af t, ''A~E . YIV
1« A~r Y•u N•·r •~ '
't/HI· A~E 'IIU? ,,'
AN, ~E 5Aft:
' I
EVE~Y
HUN:,~~E , ~EAltS
\4HE ~ 111.f PE• I' LE
«.l'E
Para ti, mi Pajarito
mi hijo de bronze
tan amoroso
que era
un corazon de m iel
adonaba
a su madre
le ayudaba
con el •quehacer•
y muy carinoso
con su hermanitos
mi hijo
de bronze
lastima
I e tenia a todos
menos
para el mismo
salio
de la escuela
traicionera
para ayudar
soportar
n ustra familia
trabajamos
esta tierra hermosa
sclavos
d ranch ros
pcro
a los dies y nu va
I gobierno
no los quito
fue a peliar
una guerra ••••
una causa
muy miserable
al ano y medio
junio 23
un balazo
por la media
de la frente
mi hijo
do bronze
all i quedo
WAKE ur."
pobre
de mi hijo
nacido campesino
en las escuelas
tratado
de pendejo
por hablar
su idioma
el gavacho
Io condenaba
y el ranchero
se Io fregaba
con trabajo
y mas trabajo
mi hijo
de bronze
pobre
d mi hljo
nunca pudo ser
lo qu deseaba
su corazon
su cuerpo
lo adonaba
cl gobierno
pero su mente
nunca
lo ocupo
porque para el
su raza
ere primero
mi hijo
de bronze
esta muerto
moerto muerto •••
lagrimas
de sentimiento
se me salen
Tu para mi eres la cosa mas preciosa
Eres el mundo con el sol bril Iante
mis ojos
Si, tu eres una cosa
adoloridos
Que me ilumina cada dia
de I lorar
Me I evanto y hay estas
(no lo quitaron)
GUEVARA
GUEVARA
Con tus ojos que brillan coma perlas
Mi amor eres mi tesoro
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
He buscado un pajaro como tu
No lo he hayado, pero lo he buscado
we have come to claim your body
Como un loco en busca del amor perdido;
undertakers of a huge America
te haye si,
cutting through shrubs of a silent heaven
Pero tambien, te voy a perder
saddened
No hora, quien sabe si el dia despues
by your blood that flows from darkened leaves
Si, digo que te perdere
on the Bolivian hills
Antes que te pierda, mejor no por el bien
.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __. we plunder through the world
Tendre que morir
Porque si no, sera porque estare infatuado
in search of you
con otro que le llaman San Juan de los Lagos '. Poemas Por El Senor Omero Jose Cabrera
and find you
No estare viviendo
a child
passionate and hungry
Si, estare muerto, como los demas malvados
SEA DESGRACI ADO
(the passion of your mother Che)
EL GOBIERNO
HEI Chicano"
your eyes form avenues for dusty withered skulls
through grass
mi hijo
Viva el Chicano de los Estados Unidos,
blood
de bronze
Que han muerto muchos pel iando por su vida
and more blood
quisiera revivirte
Tendremos que segui r viviendo,
te amamos
Guevara ••• Guevara wake up
Porque en lo largo saldremos lunchando
mi hijo
it is raining in Bolivia
Por la causa que tendremos que sostener
el mas carinoso
and the campesinos
Pod re mos sobrevivi r nuestros fracasos
el mas val iente
with voices of I ead
Porque en lo largo sabemos que saldremos ganando.
are talking with putrid suspicion
Vida
viva mi hijo
(sinnews and flesh from Argentina Che)
de bronze
La Vida es conio un pajaro luminoso
and secretive Gods with sharpened axes
Uno que baja del cielo, y llega a para en la puerta
condenado
look for your body
de mi corazon
sea los
as cocaine
llendose, y dejandome triste
estados unidos
smolders
Llena mi mente
la matanza
from the windows
De Nuves azules,
de chicanos
making disguises
Como el amor que tu un dia me diste
in the huge Bolivian sky
asi nos tienen
(the landing Che ••• the landing)
-l'ASL•
FRESNO STATE COLLEGE, FRESNO, CALIFORNIA
.Daily
Collegian
LXXV /136
MONDAY, MAY 18, 1970
s iguemos
siguemos
s iguemos
siguemos
en la probreza
como esclavos
sufriendo
llorando
y
sigueremos gritando
viva la causa
porque un dia
venceremos
y los de mas
de mis hijos
no tendran
que sufrir
como
mi santo
h ijo de bronze
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
there is hunger is Bolivia
and children mumble on the hilltops
with your Ii ps
(the river is strewn with dead communists Guevara)
and that mystery that talks of you
on that damp earth
waiting for that troubled sea
to Chant
Guevara ••• Guevara
we have found you
your blood fil Is our throats
our lungs
our belly
with a SI™! 11 as fresh
as yesterda_yls fallen snow
L uls Omar Sa.llnas-
--
Sister Sadie says
That's what it's all about
Black folks in the woods can
be right funny. Now I want yo' all
to understand that this is the
woods I'm talking bout, not niggas
in the woodpile. •Niggas in the
woodpile• is a white folks sayin
for that surprise bump what upsets the apple cart, the fix somebody puts yo llttle red wagon in,
the monkey wrench that messes
up all them nice plans you made.
And I guess the white folks come
by that sayin honest cause we
sho 'nough put this Land of Liberty out of wack by holdin up
them chains we wore durin slavery time, upset the apples in this
Land of Justice by movin to the
front of the Jim Crow car, fixed
em by Pursuin Happiness on
college campuses that our sweat
and tears and blood - not to
mention taxes - have helped to
build. Yeah, they come by the
sayin honest enough, but, like I
say, that ain't the wood I'm talkin bout.
The wood I'm talkin bout is the
natural forest, nature; you know,
sky, trees, dirt, flies and animal
droppins. Now, I know it surprise
you to find out I's a nature girl.
It surprised me, too. Cause I
come to be out in the woods on
a humbug. For all the talk I do
about white folks, I ain't racist.
Some of my best friends is white
and it was them what enticed me
away from my clean, fly-free
home. It ain't too many Black
folk from the city what gon go
willingly into the woods, no way,
and the only way a person gon
get em out there is to put em in
some kind of trick. So my friends
- what will remain nameless tempted me with the promise of
a week-end of soulful dissipation
listening to Miles Davis and otherwise jammin and good ti min up
in San Francisco. Well we did do
that - for one night. Next thing
I knowed, I found myself out in
the woods trekin ten miles to a
•good time,• hot dirty, sweaty,
tired, mad and wonderin how in
the world my great grandmamma
ever made it walkin from Virginia
to Texas durin slavery time.
Course, I shouldaknownsomething was wrong somewhere. That
little picnic folks talked about
kept gettin what they called more
"rustic• each time they mentioned it and the- distance we had
to walk kept gettin longer each
time I asked, how far. And it
wasn't enough that folks got me
out in the woods under false pretense, they got me halfway between the campground and the car
and had the nerve to tell me
something had been following us
through the trees since we got
on that trail. I know them folks
was surprised that a old woman
like me could move like a bat
outta hell when I don't too much
dig what's comin up behind me.
Yes, chi'ren, I wants you to
know, ole Sadie walked ten miles
into The Woods to have a •good
time." I didn't believe it myself.
It remind me of my young days
when we used to walk ten miles
to a dance or party. That's what
we called a good time, then. And
sittin round that campfire out
there, heating them hot dogs and
cookin them hamburgers reminded me of all them cold winter
mornings my mamma lit a fire
out in them fields and set me to
keep it goin so us kids could
stay warm while she and daddy
pulled them sacks down them long
rows of cotton and how at noon
she would come in and heat up
the beans cause daddy said a man
couldn't work on a cold day with
nothin but cold food on his stomach. And many and many a night
when we was followin the crops,
the light of that campfire took the
place of food in us bellies.
Can you get ready for these
folks doin the very things, goin
back, almost, to the very times
I worked so hard to get away
from? Only what these folks was
doin for fun, I had done to Ii ve.
And I got Just like an Indian hostile. I didn't like it when I
was comin up and I doggone sure
didn't like it being old like I am.
I had to get away, be by myself
so I could get my cool back together. r went down by this little
creek that was runnin from one
place to another. I just walk beside it for a while and all I hear
is the noise the water make goin
over the rock and gravel on the
bottom of the stream. Trees risin
up on either side of the creek
and it just this little strip ot
beach I'm walkin on and the sky
way overhead. The water clear
and cold and it sound fill that
little place and little by little that
water talk to me. I'm tellin you
what God love, chil' ren. The
water talk to me, not in words
but in its sound. And I knowed
that my great grandmamma made
it from Virginia to Texas two
hundred years ago the same way
I made it from followin the crop
to newspaper writer and advisor
to colleges. We made it the same
way all Black people made it in
this country. Cause we had to.
Wasn't nothing else we could do.
And I look at them trees and that
sky and listen to that water and
knowed that this was land. This
where we come from, what we
put so much into, what we got to
go back to, the land. And that's
what it's all about, chil'ren. Land.
And I knowed too that I could off
a whole heap of hunkies if a
piece of land was at the end.
Editorial From
The Washington,
DC, Post
Among the nation's minorities
who are increasingly less silent
about their lot is the one of 61 / 2
million Mexican-Americans. The
poverty they suffer is as bad or
worse as the bleakest conditions
endured by the blacks, Appalachians or Indians. Unemployment
is roughly twice the rate ofwhite
Americans.
In the Southwest, more than a
third live below the poverty level.
In 1968, only 600 of 22,000 grad-
uates of the Southwest's five main
universities were Mexican Americans.
The U.S. Commission on Civil
Rights recently added another
dismal fact about MexicanAmericans: They suffer large
amounts of abuse and violence
from law enforcement agencies,
ranging from casual insults to
brutal beatings. The commission's survey covered the Southwest, where more than four million Mexican-Americans live.
None of this information is
new, either to the victimized
themselves or to those who work
to help them. What is new is that
a growing number of organiza-
,H•••o••••••••••••••••••••••• 'HW':##.,._..,..,._~N'll~~'H'H~##-A
.........
:
-'
- ... ,.,: -· ~
""
•
. r,,.. -~
•
'
I
·-~
--~~.•. ,.:~
-- · i,. .
\'
i)\
.
/JI/
;~
c~;i
.-:-:: . -!
_ . -. ~-j -
tions are being formed by Mexican-Americans to confront and
change the powers and institutions that deal with them so unfairly either directly or indirectly. The more well-known include
MA YO (Mexican- American Youth
Organization), a three-year-old
movement largely in Texas which
is seeking, and gaining, an economic base as a means for political action; OMICA (Organized
Migrants in Community Action),
a Florida group that helps migrant workers deal with state and
federal assistance agencies, insurance companies and, most im·
portant, the employers.
The test of the coming years
is not so much how the Mexican·
Americans will use their growing
power - violently or nonviolentlY
- but whether the larger white
society continues to ignore their
rights and needs. Commissione;
Vicente Ximenes of the U.S. Equa
Employment Opportunities com·
mission warned last June, •YoU
must have a rising awareness in
the nation and especially in the
Southwest ' of the obligations of
governme~t officials and cer·
tainly the people, the obligati:
to a very important segment
the population. It would seem to
me that we are taking five milliO~
people in this area for grante
at our own peril. It would be a
·t tor
tragedy if we had to wai
n
something explosive to happe
before we acted.•
.
are
The Mexican-Americans
basically the old story of the
wanting in the longest runnl
'
stage,
drama on the American
t
The hope this time around is th \
perhaps the old story, thr00 e
public legislation and Pr iv ad·
compassion, will have a new en
ing.
P~;
f
THE CALIFORNIA
Ti/Jarcio Vasquez
By La Adelita
per haps you wonder how it is
"La Adelita" writes an article
Cal"f
·
about a
1 ormano rather than
something about Emiliano Zapata
.
and pane ho Vill a. The reasons
are many, among them the very
important fact that Zapata and
.
Villa have been given the credit
most rightfully theirs whereas
f
.
the Cali orniano-mexicano who
also foug~t for his rights has
been dismissed as the California
outlaw by the An~lo and largely
ignored by the Chicano. (For example, one o~ our so-called
"Mexican American leaders" was
appalled that a TV program made
mention of those "horrible band1ts• Ti burcio Vasquez and Joaquin Murr ieta .) There are other
reasons for the need to begin
writing about the California guerrillero. I can't help recalling as
I watched a program on African
dance s how excited . the Black
girls became when a not too authentic Zulu warrior appeared.
l thought then, how amazing, we
all need warriors to be proud of.
I then recalled to mind not only
Zapata and Villa but closer to
home - Tiburcio Vasquez.
Then , there is another allimportant reason. We have been
called the •gentle revolutionaries • by a well known MexicanAmerican educator. It brings to
mi nd a conversation I once had
with another fellow Chicano who
made tfie statement that all moveme nts have had uprisings before
they succe eded but the Chicano
movement has not. I then went
on to cite Murrietta, Vasquez and
many othe r s to prove that our
people have risen but have been
put down. I was very sad if not
surprised to discover this fellow
Chicano, thr ough no fault of his
own (he was a product of u.s.
schools), had never heard of any
of these Californianos-mexicanos. I hope I have made my point
as to the impor tance of our learni ng more about our history here
in the Southwest-northern Mexico.
I will begin with Tiburcio vasquez not because the others were
less important, but because the
19th day of March which recently
passed was the 94th anniversary
of Vasquez' death-a fact which I
was happy and proud to see the
Teatro campesino commemorate
in their latest skit.
Tiburcio Vasque z was born in
Monterey, Califo rnia, on August
11, 1895. He was born into a
respectable family of the community. The Vas quez family
home, directly in back of Colton
Hall in Monterey is a handsome
white adobe building. Tiburcio
had three brother s and two sisters who were ve ry fond of him.
He came from a closely-knit
family as most Mexican fa mi.l ies
a re and ha ve always been. The
young Tibur cio attended school
in Monterey, and was a good student. A few samples of his writing
have survived and here one can
see that his handwriting is bold,
the letters carefully formed large
and beautiful. Two of these samples are poems, one in English
(Whi ch he learned after the American invation) and one inSpanish.
At the time of his trial and
hanging in San Jose , Vasquez was
thirty -nine yea rs old, a figure of
elegance, wearing a neat 1Y
t rimmed full beard and mustache
and often dressed in a suit, tie
and polished boots. This according to the Anglo reporters of the
day, who followed him from the
day of his capture to that of his
execution. Accordi ng to the description in the records of the
Sheriff of Santa Clara County,
Vasquez was not more than 5 feet
6 inches in height, had dark hair,
dark brown eyes and had a light
compleXion •for a Mexican.• He
was a native Californian.
In 1846, began the Mexican-
WARRIOR
American War v
was
eleven years old· 1 asquez
1948
ico lost the wa • nd
' Mexr an California
became part of th u s
was thirteen yeae • •dVasquez
rs o1 • From
here on, followed the er i
called by Anglo text~k O d
perios of the •Mexi
s th e
can bandits•
in the Southwest. Joa ui M
ta sprang up in 1849q Hn uriet• e was off
the California scene b 1853
One night, someui:e in 852
when Vasquez was but seventeen
he and a man named Anastaci~
Garcia, in company with another
Jose Heiguerra, attended a fandango in Monterey. During the
evening, a fistfight ensued. Constable William Hardmount an
Anglo, entered the hall and '•attempted to establish order." What
happened then is not altogether
clear, but the constable was slain
Vasquez was never officlall;
charged with the crime although
he was sought for questioning.
That night Garcia and Vasquez
fled into the hills where they remained for some time. Their reason for doing so is quite obvious•
they feared so-called Americ~
•justice". Although the •crime"
was never charged against any of
the trio let alone proved 1 Jose
~eiguerra was seized by th e Vigllantes and, without a trial was
hanged.
From this time on until his
capture in 1874, Vasquez reigned
as the fiercest •bandit• of California, creating what the Anglo
called a reign of terror. Some of
the reasons he was able to survive so long are worth taking
note of. Vasquez never stole from
or killed a fellow brother, aMexican. Therefore the Mexican population, who considered the Anglp
the invader, hid and sheltered
Vasquez whenever the need
arose. He was also noted for being a gentleman and made apoint
of respecting women. This was
one of the reasons Vasquez disliked the Anglo of that time, for
his uncouthness and lack of
breeding. Even the Anglo reporters of the day admit that
Vasquez was not full of bravado,
but simply and quietly brave and
courageous to his death.
It is important for those who
may think that Vasquez was a
common "bandit" with a band of
a few men that he had an army
of men which numbered in the
hundreds. It is also important
to note his farsightedness , for
Vasquez had ambitions toward
effecting an uprising or revolution against the Yankee invaders
of California.
Finally, in 1874, with the help
of a traitor who •sold himself"
(vendido), Vasquez was captured
by the Anglos. He was tried and
finally hung in San Jose on the
19th day of March, The very fac tual account by an Anglo reporter
of his death, is that of a man
who died with the most incredible
courage one could ever imagine.
i
The Anglos of the day who saw
him die were stunned that he did
not die like a common •bandit•
but like a warrior. Vasquez was
burled like the hero he was to
the Mexican people o!Call!ornla,
in Santa Clara where his grave
can still be found. Thus Tlburcio Vasquez, the California Warrior, became one with the eternity of time that never ends,
Another example of American
justice are the two photographs
which appear on this page. These
also occurred in orthern California. The two MeXicans were
hung near a bridge on Water
Street, in Santa Cruz on May 3
1877. They were hun~, without~
trial, by forty Anglo Vigilantes
who disguised themselves by
painting their faces. They were
then photographed while hanging,
wlth their hats on, which were
placed on them for the pur pose of
photographing. The photographs
were then sold as •souv nlrs• to
visiting tourists.
The three Mexican men ln the
second photograph were ccused
of raping an Anglo girl in Santa
Cruz and, also without a trial or
proof of their guilt, were hung
near Santa Rose in the mid 1930's.
They were also photographed and
their pictures were sold to tourists as souvenirs. This is how
the Anglo in the West could give
the Eastern Anglo, even in the
not-too-distant-past 1930's an
example of his •Law andOrder."
FALL LEASING.
For new Apt s. acros s
from FSC
Cedar & hields Ph. 227 -3564
Senator Humanities
MAY 20
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MATT
POTTHAST
Whtie a well-known Bls hop was
visiting an Indian tribe , the Chief
invited hi m to go for a long ride
after dinner. Bishop Lang as ked,
"Will it be safe fo r me to leave
my baggage here ?" Chief Redwing answered with , "Yes, there
is not a white man within 40
miles."
Now leas ing for
Summer & Fall
I
You can hear •~ everywhere
you go. You pick up a newspaper
or magazine, listen to the news
on radio, watch it on television
and they all do the same ~ ,
condemn violence.
But I say right o n ! ~ ~
si I
-It's about time the Chicanos,
Blacks and progressive orth
American youth learn that flowers don't stop bullets, and the
sweet smell of flowers can't protect us from tear gas. I don't like
to kill. I don't like to maim. I
don't llke to cause blood to flow.
I don't want to die. But I don't
like to see my people in chains.
But I don't like to see my Asian,
African and Latin American people burned, gassed, tortured, enslaved, and slaughtered so that
Nixon can buy a new yacht, so
that the Kennedys can buy a new
summer resort, so that the
Rocketellers can make another
million tax free. I don't want to
be the slave that tills their bath
with mllk and honey and my
blood.
No, I don't want to be violent.
l have not been violent. And I
have not been free. I have worked
all my life and gained nothing.
They have gained everything.Now
I wlll take what is righttully mine.
I Will take the power along with
my brothers and we will determine our own lives. If the oligarchic structure which enslaves
and exploits us will turn over the
power in a non-violent manner,
we will take it in a non-violent
manner. If we have to take 1t ln
a violent manner, we will take it
in a violent manner. Weare more
than jusilfled in doing so. A slave
is always justified in killlng hts
master to gain freedom.
•The oppressed are justified
in turning violent to overthrow
the opporessor. • These are the
words of a Catholic priest who
put down his collar and picked up
the gun to free his people. His
was the most Christ-like act that
can be taken,
Que viva la revoluclonl! !
Que viva nuestro pueblo llbre! !
Patria o muerte, venceremostr
-Ygriega
ELECT
NEWPORT ARMS
New chemical c ompany
loobng for qualified personnel to help in st tew id e
expansion. Con s tant pert
time.
Send resume to:
MR . OTTERNESS
P . 0 Box SJJ
Pinedale , California
VIOLENCE?
The Mextcan-Amerlcan Political Convention recently endorsed
Ricardo Romo, Peace and Freedom Party gubernatorial candidate, as their choice in the upcoming state elections.
Romo, 29, received his Bachelor of Arts degree !rom San
Francisco State in mathematics.
During this time , he was actively
involved in organizing food caravans and other acttvlties for the
United Farm Workers Organizing
Committee. Later, when press
secretary for Reies Tigerina,
Romo worked to bring the southwest land question to the public
and helped form the People's
Constitutional Party which supported Tigerina tor governor ot
ew Mexico.
In 1967, Romo helped organize
the Peace and Freedom Party.
Armando Rodriguez, local
MAPA president and attorney,
listed two reasons why MAPA
supports Romo instead ofaDemoc r tic or Repu lie n candid te,
as had b n don in the past.
First, he said, MAPA want d
to show the two ma1or poUttcal
parties that hie nos were dissatisfied with th way the Democrat
and Republicans we re
treating their reque ts.
•1t was a protest vote to let
both ma1or pol1ttcal parties know
that we (Chicanos) didn't belong
to either party," he stated.
He said •maybe" then the two
maJor parties will recognize the
minority voice.
Secondly, the !act that Romo is
Chicano and that the Peace and
Freedom platform concerns itself with the minority were also
considered towards Roma's support.
Ramo's main campaign goal ls
to bring about recognition and
public awareness of the California Partido de la Raza Unida, a
third party first started in the
Southwest and now wanting a
political foothold among California's Spanish-speaking voters.
Part of Ramo's campaign
statement explains his candidacy
as offering •La Raza a unique
opportunity to take a position
with respect to 'traditional' politics. We can reject the 'lesserof
two evils' theory. We can reject
the concept of giving our support
to 'maybe gain a little' for the
'Mexican' community. We can
reJect our historical position of
being forced back two s teps for
every one s tep forward •
A TOUC H OF HUMOR
-LOW RATESOPPORTUNITY
ROMO
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The fighting in Vietnam continues and with it the atrocities
that this government is commit''Isn't it wonderful, Brothers ting against that nation. A re, cent report by the American
He died so you and I might live/ friends Service Committee ( Quakers) revealed that u. s. B-52s
have dropped "~ore tons of explosives on this tiny country
than on all the Axis powers in
World War II, and with n•ry
month the loads are bigger and
the bombs heavier.
But the worse er ime of a 11 is
being committed against the Chicano.
A recent article in the
Los Angeles Times reported on the
findings of Dr. Ralph Guzman, a
professor at the University of
California at Santa Cruz.
The
study showed that Chicanos in the
military have a higher death rate
in,~ietnam than all other •&ePvicemen. Although we constitute
11 % of the population in the Southwest, 19% of the men being
killed are Chicanos.
The reason for these disproportionate rates is the highly
unjust draft system which depends
on the Chicano who isn't in college (and how may Chicanos even
graduate from high school, much
less attend college?) to feed
the bloodthirsty stomach of the
Pentagon.
If a Chicano is fortunate enough to survive a year in Vietnam will he have the same opportunities that his blue-eyed,
blond-headed war buddy will have
when he returns to this country?
Next to the Mexican-American
War, this is the worst crime this
country has committed in its history.
Every Chicano should be
repulsed by what the U. s. is
doing to the Vietnamese people,
and for what the military services are doing to the Chicano.
Everyone of us should be convinced beyond any doubt that this
war must end now and that no Chicano should have to serve in .-ny
branch of the military until the
U. S. withdraws o
II
GAME CANCELLED
The Fresno State-L.A. State
baseball contest scheduled for
this evening has been cancelled.
The noon double-header set for
to morrow will occur as scheduled.
it: ________
0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __.
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U .N'
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the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $15 a year. Editorial office,
Business 235, telephone 487-2170.
Business office, College Union 316
telephone 487~266.
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SIZES
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DOWNTOWN
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8een fri. Hites 'Til 9
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237-3615
OPEN SUNDAYS
ODA A M.A.P.A.
CHICANO POWER!!
un sueno
una mentira
Perras ladran en el movimiento
Borrachos de envidia
y egoismo
Buitres cantan y bailan
con dios
y rezan a los Estados Unidos
Almas en el aire
Prostituyendose
CHI CANO POWER!!
Es el corazon de la juventud
la al ma neuva
Ninos de bronze
entranas abortadas
Derramandose en Vietnam
en la pinta
Lloran por esos pechos
que los han dejado huerfanos
coma un grano de arena
en el viento
Anhelan por ese vientre carinoso
y prenado de mentira
Chicanos miren a sus barrios
A los files
Alli nacera
un futuro
una esperanza
Con venas llenas de bronze
Banados de sol y tierra
Un del incuente de la vida
un huerfano
Que yace en la cuna
de verdad
CHICANO POWER!!
Abro mis ojos
y miro vendidos
Cierra mis ojos
y sueno ninos
Que juegan con Che.
Jorge Leos
TONIGHT
RENAY
Tonight
1 want to plant rainbows
and water them with my tears
1 am alone, thinking of you
The world is a lost ship
I am a sailor
Diez y siete meses
Al Ii estabas
ojos llenos de luna
Cogiendo estrellas del aire
hablando con un Angel
Riendote con el viento
Que jugaba por los arboles
y yo en mi ignorancia
lloraba
Te conoci un momenta
infinito, eterno
Goze de tu bel I eza
blandita, dul ce, sonol ienta
Pero naciste a una pesadilla
y ahora estan cerrados tus ojos
para siempre
Yo ciego, miro tu tumba
ue encarcela tu al ma
lloro lagrimas secas
qu caen como vidrio
est rel landose en la Bibi a
Rezo, y salen nub s de aire
Porque ••• Porque •••
Mi corazon se ha vu Ito en ceniza
que huye entre la noche
Buscando a mi cunado que ma muerto
u camino borracho
prostituyendo su corazon •.•
Jorg L OS
1
want to kidnap you, princess of the sun
Take you away from the city'
away from bad dreams
from the coldness of
today
I want to meet you
On a pyramid carrying flowers to
my funeral
I want to see you
In moonlight at your window
and give you sad mexican songs
I want to gather I ittle stars
and bring them to you
in the clear morning
1 want to make sense of the world
(candy bar, chrome, plastic roses airplanes
words)
'
'
wait for me
i am a river
you are everything
=-----------~--~
.
.
.
NET
A
Ernesto Trejo Reyes
ltLIVA~ .eN
LING Me~NIN G- ...
" f ATHEK,'' i 5Af t, ''A~E . YIV
1« A~r Y•u N•·r •~ '
't/HI· A~E 'IIU? ,,'
AN, ~E 5Aft:
' I
EVE~Y
HUN:,~~E , ~EAltS
\4HE ~ 111.f PE• I' LE
«.l'E
Para ti, mi Pajarito
mi hijo de bronze
tan amoroso
que era
un corazon de m iel
adonaba
a su madre
le ayudaba
con el •quehacer•
y muy carinoso
con su hermanitos
mi hijo
de bronze
lastima
I e tenia a todos
menos
para el mismo
salio
de la escuela
traicionera
para ayudar
soportar
n ustra familia
trabajamos
esta tierra hermosa
sclavos
d ranch ros
pcro
a los dies y nu va
I gobierno
no los quito
fue a peliar
una guerra ••••
una causa
muy miserable
al ano y medio
junio 23
un balazo
por la media
de la frente
mi hijo
do bronze
all i quedo
WAKE ur."
pobre
de mi hijo
nacido campesino
en las escuelas
tratado
de pendejo
por hablar
su idioma
el gavacho
Io condenaba
y el ranchero
se Io fregaba
con trabajo
y mas trabajo
mi hijo
de bronze
pobre
d mi hljo
nunca pudo ser
lo qu deseaba
su corazon
su cuerpo
lo adonaba
cl gobierno
pero su mente
nunca
lo ocupo
porque para el
su raza
ere primero
mi hijo
de bronze
esta muerto
moerto muerto •••
lagrimas
de sentimiento
se me salen
Tu para mi eres la cosa mas preciosa
Eres el mundo con el sol bril Iante
mis ojos
Si, tu eres una cosa
adoloridos
Que me ilumina cada dia
de I lorar
Me I evanto y hay estas
(no lo quitaron)
GUEVARA
GUEVARA
Con tus ojos que brillan coma perlas
Mi amor eres mi tesoro
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
He buscado un pajaro como tu
No lo he hayado, pero lo he buscado
we have come to claim your body
Como un loco en busca del amor perdido;
undertakers of a huge America
te haye si,
cutting through shrubs of a silent heaven
Pero tambien, te voy a perder
saddened
No hora, quien sabe si el dia despues
by your blood that flows from darkened leaves
Si, digo que te perdere
on the Bolivian hills
Antes que te pierda, mejor no por el bien
.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __. we plunder through the world
Tendre que morir
Porque si no, sera porque estare infatuado
in search of you
con otro que le llaman San Juan de los Lagos '. Poemas Por El Senor Omero Jose Cabrera
and find you
No estare viviendo
a child
passionate and hungry
Si, estare muerto, como los demas malvados
SEA DESGRACI ADO
(the passion of your mother Che)
EL GOBIERNO
HEI Chicano"
your eyes form avenues for dusty withered skulls
through grass
mi hijo
Viva el Chicano de los Estados Unidos,
blood
de bronze
Que han muerto muchos pel iando por su vida
and more blood
quisiera revivirte
Tendremos que segui r viviendo,
te amamos
Guevara ••• Guevara wake up
Porque en lo largo saldremos lunchando
mi hijo
it is raining in Bolivia
Por la causa que tendremos que sostener
el mas carinoso
and the campesinos
Pod re mos sobrevivi r nuestros fracasos
el mas val iente
with voices of I ead
Porque en lo largo sabemos que saldremos ganando.
are talking with putrid suspicion
Vida
viva mi hijo
(sinnews and flesh from Argentina Che)
de bronze
La Vida es conio un pajaro luminoso
and secretive Gods with sharpened axes
Uno que baja del cielo, y llega a para en la puerta
condenado
look for your body
de mi corazon
sea los
as cocaine
llendose, y dejandome triste
estados unidos
smolders
Llena mi mente
la matanza
from the windows
De Nuves azules,
de chicanos
making disguises
Como el amor que tu un dia me diste
in the huge Bolivian sky
asi nos tienen
(the landing Che ••• the landing)
-l'ASL•
FRESNO STATE COLLEGE, FRESNO, CALIFORNIA
.Daily
Collegian
LXXV /136
MONDAY, MAY 18, 1970
s iguemos
siguemos
s iguemos
siguemos
en la probreza
como esclavos
sufriendo
llorando
y
sigueremos gritando
viva la causa
porque un dia
venceremos
y los de mas
de mis hijos
no tendran
que sufrir
como
mi santo
h ijo de bronze
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
there is hunger is Bolivia
and children mumble on the hilltops
with your Ii ps
(the river is strewn with dead communists Guevara)
and that mystery that talks of you
on that damp earth
waiting for that troubled sea
to Chant
Guevara ••• Guevara
we have found you
your blood fil Is our throats
our lungs
our belly
with a SI™! 11 as fresh
as yesterda_yls fallen snow
L uls Omar Sa.llnas-
--
Sister Sadie says
That's what it's all about
Black folks in the woods can
be right funny. Now I want yo' all
to understand that this is the
woods I'm talking bout, not niggas
in the woodpile. •Niggas in the
woodpile• is a white folks sayin
for that surprise bump what upsets the apple cart, the fix somebody puts yo llttle red wagon in,
the monkey wrench that messes
up all them nice plans you made.
And I guess the white folks come
by that sayin honest cause we
sho 'nough put this Land of Liberty out of wack by holdin up
them chains we wore durin slavery time, upset the apples in this
Land of Justice by movin to the
front of the Jim Crow car, fixed
em by Pursuin Happiness on
college campuses that our sweat
and tears and blood - not to
mention taxes - have helped to
build. Yeah, they come by the
sayin honest enough, but, like I
say, that ain't the wood I'm talkin bout.
The wood I'm talkin bout is the
natural forest, nature; you know,
sky, trees, dirt, flies and animal
droppins. Now, I know it surprise
you to find out I's a nature girl.
It surprised me, too. Cause I
come to be out in the woods on
a humbug. For all the talk I do
about white folks, I ain't racist.
Some of my best friends is white
and it was them what enticed me
away from my clean, fly-free
home. It ain't too many Black
folk from the city what gon go
willingly into the woods, no way,
and the only way a person gon
get em out there is to put em in
some kind of trick. So my friends
- what will remain nameless tempted me with the promise of
a week-end of soulful dissipation
listening to Miles Davis and otherwise jammin and good ti min up
in San Francisco. Well we did do
that - for one night. Next thing
I knowed, I found myself out in
the woods trekin ten miles to a
•good time,• hot dirty, sweaty,
tired, mad and wonderin how in
the world my great grandmamma
ever made it walkin from Virginia
to Texas durin slavery time.
Course, I shouldaknownsomething was wrong somewhere. That
little picnic folks talked about
kept gettin what they called more
"rustic• each time they mentioned it and the- distance we had
to walk kept gettin longer each
time I asked, how far. And it
wasn't enough that folks got me
out in the woods under false pretense, they got me halfway between the campground and the car
and had the nerve to tell me
something had been following us
through the trees since we got
on that trail. I know them folks
was surprised that a old woman
like me could move like a bat
outta hell when I don't too much
dig what's comin up behind me.
Yes, chi'ren, I wants you to
know, ole Sadie walked ten miles
into The Woods to have a •good
time." I didn't believe it myself.
It remind me of my young days
when we used to walk ten miles
to a dance or party. That's what
we called a good time, then. And
sittin round that campfire out
there, heating them hot dogs and
cookin them hamburgers reminded me of all them cold winter
mornings my mamma lit a fire
out in them fields and set me to
keep it goin so us kids could
stay warm while she and daddy
pulled them sacks down them long
rows of cotton and how at noon
she would come in and heat up
the beans cause daddy said a man
couldn't work on a cold day with
nothin but cold food on his stomach. And many and many a night
when we was followin the crops,
the light of that campfire took the
place of food in us bellies.
Can you get ready for these
folks doin the very things, goin
back, almost, to the very times
I worked so hard to get away
from? Only what these folks was
doin for fun, I had done to Ii ve.
And I got Just like an Indian hostile. I didn't like it when I
was comin up and I doggone sure
didn't like it being old like I am.
I had to get away, be by myself
so I could get my cool back together. r went down by this little
creek that was runnin from one
place to another. I just walk beside it for a while and all I hear
is the noise the water make goin
over the rock and gravel on the
bottom of the stream. Trees risin
up on either side of the creek
and it just this little strip ot
beach I'm walkin on and the sky
way overhead. The water clear
and cold and it sound fill that
little place and little by little that
water talk to me. I'm tellin you
what God love, chil' ren. The
water talk to me, not in words
but in its sound. And I knowed
that my great grandmamma made
it from Virginia to Texas two
hundred years ago the same way
I made it from followin the crop
to newspaper writer and advisor
to colleges. We made it the same
way all Black people made it in
this country. Cause we had to.
Wasn't nothing else we could do.
And I look at them trees and that
sky and listen to that water and
knowed that this was land. This
where we come from, what we
put so much into, what we got to
go back to, the land. And that's
what it's all about, chil'ren. Land.
And I knowed too that I could off
a whole heap of hunkies if a
piece of land was at the end.
Editorial From
The Washington,
DC, Post
Among the nation's minorities
who are increasingly less silent
about their lot is the one of 61 / 2
million Mexican-Americans. The
poverty they suffer is as bad or
worse as the bleakest conditions
endured by the blacks, Appalachians or Indians. Unemployment
is roughly twice the rate ofwhite
Americans.
In the Southwest, more than a
third live below the poverty level.
In 1968, only 600 of 22,000 grad-
uates of the Southwest's five main
universities were Mexican Americans.
The U.S. Commission on Civil
Rights recently added another
dismal fact about MexicanAmericans: They suffer large
amounts of abuse and violence
from law enforcement agencies,
ranging from casual insults to
brutal beatings. The commission's survey covered the Southwest, where more than four million Mexican-Americans live.
None of this information is
new, either to the victimized
themselves or to those who work
to help them. What is new is that
a growing number of organiza-
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tions are being formed by Mexican-Americans to confront and
change the powers and institutions that deal with them so unfairly either directly or indirectly. The more well-known include
MA YO (Mexican- American Youth
Organization), a three-year-old
movement largely in Texas which
is seeking, and gaining, an economic base as a means for political action; OMICA (Organized
Migrants in Community Action),
a Florida group that helps migrant workers deal with state and
federal assistance agencies, insurance companies and, most im·
portant, the employers.
The test of the coming years
is not so much how the Mexican·
Americans will use their growing
power - violently or nonviolentlY
- but whether the larger white
society continues to ignore their
rights and needs. Commissione;
Vicente Ximenes of the U.S. Equa
Employment Opportunities com·
mission warned last June, •YoU
must have a rising awareness in
the nation and especially in the
Southwest ' of the obligations of
governme~t officials and cer·
tainly the people, the obligati:
to a very important segment
the population. It would seem to
me that we are taking five milliO~
people in this area for grante
at our own peril. It would be a
·t tor
tragedy if we had to wai
n
something explosive to happe
before we acted.•
.
are
The Mexican-Americans
basically the old story of the
wanting in the longest runnl
'
stage,
drama on the American
t
The hope this time around is th \
perhaps the old story, thr00 e
public legislation and Pr iv ad·
compassion, will have a new en
ing.
P~;
f
THE CALIFORNIA
Ti/Jarcio Vasquez
By La Adelita
per haps you wonder how it is
"La Adelita" writes an article
Cal"f
·
about a
1 ormano rather than
something about Emiliano Zapata
.
and pane ho Vill a. The reasons
are many, among them the very
important fact that Zapata and
.
Villa have been given the credit
most rightfully theirs whereas
f
.
the Cali orniano-mexicano who
also foug~t for his rights has
been dismissed as the California
outlaw by the An~lo and largely
ignored by the Chicano. (For example, one o~ our so-called
"Mexican American leaders" was
appalled that a TV program made
mention of those "horrible band1ts• Ti burcio Vasquez and Joaquin Murr ieta .) There are other
reasons for the need to begin
writing about the California guerrillero. I can't help recalling as
I watched a program on African
dance s how excited . the Black
girls became when a not too authentic Zulu warrior appeared.
l thought then, how amazing, we
all need warriors to be proud of.
I then recalled to mind not only
Zapata and Villa but closer to
home - Tiburcio Vasquez.
Then , there is another allimportant reason. We have been
called the •gentle revolutionaries • by a well known MexicanAmerican educator. It brings to
mi nd a conversation I once had
with another fellow Chicano who
made tfie statement that all moveme nts have had uprisings before
they succe eded but the Chicano
movement has not. I then went
on to cite Murrietta, Vasquez and
many othe r s to prove that our
people have risen but have been
put down. I was very sad if not
surprised to discover this fellow
Chicano, thr ough no fault of his
own (he was a product of u.s.
schools), had never heard of any
of these Californianos-mexicanos. I hope I have made my point
as to the impor tance of our learni ng more about our history here
in the Southwest-northern Mexico.
I will begin with Tiburcio vasquez not because the others were
less important, but because the
19th day of March which recently
passed was the 94th anniversary
of Vasquez' death-a fact which I
was happy and proud to see the
Teatro campesino commemorate
in their latest skit.
Tiburcio Vasque z was born in
Monterey, Califo rnia, on August
11, 1895. He was born into a
respectable family of the community. The Vas quez family
home, directly in back of Colton
Hall in Monterey is a handsome
white adobe building. Tiburcio
had three brother s and two sisters who were ve ry fond of him.
He came from a closely-knit
family as most Mexican fa mi.l ies
a re and ha ve always been. The
young Tibur cio attended school
in Monterey, and was a good student. A few samples of his writing
have survived and here one can
see that his handwriting is bold,
the letters carefully formed large
and beautiful. Two of these samples are poems, one in English
(Whi ch he learned after the American invation) and one inSpanish.
At the time of his trial and
hanging in San Jose , Vasquez was
thirty -nine yea rs old, a figure of
elegance, wearing a neat 1Y
t rimmed full beard and mustache
and often dressed in a suit, tie
and polished boots. This according to the Anglo reporters of the
day, who followed him from the
day of his capture to that of his
execution. Accordi ng to the description in the records of the
Sheriff of Santa Clara County,
Vasquez was not more than 5 feet
6 inches in height, had dark hair,
dark brown eyes and had a light
compleXion •for a Mexican.• He
was a native Californian.
In 1846, began the Mexican-
WARRIOR
American War v
was
eleven years old· 1 asquez
1948
ico lost the wa • nd
' Mexr an California
became part of th u s
was thirteen yeae • •dVasquez
rs o1 • From
here on, followed the er i
called by Anglo text~k O d
perios of the •Mexi
s th e
can bandits•
in the Southwest. Joa ui M
ta sprang up in 1849q Hn uriet• e was off
the California scene b 1853
One night, someui:e in 852
when Vasquez was but seventeen
he and a man named Anastaci~
Garcia, in company with another
Jose Heiguerra, attended a fandango in Monterey. During the
evening, a fistfight ensued. Constable William Hardmount an
Anglo, entered the hall and '•attempted to establish order." What
happened then is not altogether
clear, but the constable was slain
Vasquez was never officlall;
charged with the crime although
he was sought for questioning.
That night Garcia and Vasquez
fled into the hills where they remained for some time. Their reason for doing so is quite obvious•
they feared so-called Americ~
•justice". Although the •crime"
was never charged against any of
the trio let alone proved 1 Jose
~eiguerra was seized by th e Vigllantes and, without a trial was
hanged.
From this time on until his
capture in 1874, Vasquez reigned
as the fiercest •bandit• of California, creating what the Anglo
called a reign of terror. Some of
the reasons he was able to survive so long are worth taking
note of. Vasquez never stole from
or killed a fellow brother, aMexican. Therefore the Mexican population, who considered the Anglp
the invader, hid and sheltered
Vasquez whenever the need
arose. He was also noted for being a gentleman and made apoint
of respecting women. This was
one of the reasons Vasquez disliked the Anglo of that time, for
his uncouthness and lack of
breeding. Even the Anglo reporters of the day admit that
Vasquez was not full of bravado,
but simply and quietly brave and
courageous to his death.
It is important for those who
may think that Vasquez was a
common "bandit" with a band of
a few men that he had an army
of men which numbered in the
hundreds. It is also important
to note his farsightedness , for
Vasquez had ambitions toward
effecting an uprising or revolution against the Yankee invaders
of California.
Finally, in 1874, with the help
of a traitor who •sold himself"
(vendido), Vasquez was captured
by the Anglos. He was tried and
finally hung in San Jose on the
19th day of March, The very fac tual account by an Anglo reporter
of his death, is that of a man
who died with the most incredible
courage one could ever imagine.
i
The Anglos of the day who saw
him die were stunned that he did
not die like a common •bandit•
but like a warrior. Vasquez was
burled like the hero he was to
the Mexican people o!Call!ornla,
in Santa Clara where his grave
can still be found. Thus Tlburcio Vasquez, the California Warrior, became one with the eternity of time that never ends,
Another example of American
justice are the two photographs
which appear on this page. These
also occurred in orthern California. The two MeXicans were
hung near a bridge on Water
Street, in Santa Cruz on May 3
1877. They were hun~, without~
trial, by forty Anglo Vigilantes
who disguised themselves by
painting their faces. They were
then photographed while hanging,
wlth their hats on, which were
placed on them for the pur pose of
photographing. The photographs
were then sold as •souv nlrs• to
visiting tourists.
The three Mexican men ln the
second photograph were ccused
of raping an Anglo girl in Santa
Cruz and, also without a trial or
proof of their guilt, were hung
near Santa Rose in the mid 1930's.
They were also photographed and
their pictures were sold to tourists as souvenirs. This is how
the Anglo in the West could give
the Eastern Anglo, even in the
not-too-distant-past 1930's an
example of his •Law andOrder."
FALL LEASING.
For new Apt s. acros s
from FSC
Cedar & hields Ph. 227 -3564
Senator Humanities
MAY 20
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Sandals
Pottery
Purses
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Belts
Gadgets
Hats
Wine
watchbands
Candles
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MATT
POTTHAST
Whtie a well-known Bls hop was
visiting an Indian tribe , the Chief
invited hi m to go for a long ride
after dinner. Bishop Lang as ked,
"Will it be safe fo r me to leave
my baggage here ?" Chief Redwing answered with , "Yes, there
is not a white man within 40
miles."
Now leas ing for
Summer & Fall
I
You can hear •~ everywhere
you go. You pick up a newspaper
or magazine, listen to the news
on radio, watch it on television
and they all do the same ~ ,
condemn violence.
But I say right o n ! ~ ~
si I
-It's about time the Chicanos,
Blacks and progressive orth
American youth learn that flowers don't stop bullets, and the
sweet smell of flowers can't protect us from tear gas. I don't like
to kill. I don't like to maim. I
don't llke to cause blood to flow.
I don't want to die. But I don't
like to see my people in chains.
But I don't like to see my Asian,
African and Latin American people burned, gassed, tortured, enslaved, and slaughtered so that
Nixon can buy a new yacht, so
that the Kennedys can buy a new
summer resort, so that the
Rocketellers can make another
million tax free. I don't want to
be the slave that tills their bath
with mllk and honey and my
blood.
No, I don't want to be violent.
l have not been violent. And I
have not been free. I have worked
all my life and gained nothing.
They have gained everything.Now
I wlll take what is righttully mine.
I Will take the power along with
my brothers and we will determine our own lives. If the oligarchic structure which enslaves
and exploits us will turn over the
power in a non-violent manner,
we will take it in a non-violent
manner. If we have to take 1t ln
a violent manner, we will take it
in a violent manner. Weare more
than jusilfled in doing so. A slave
is always justified in killlng hts
master to gain freedom.
•The oppressed are justified
in turning violent to overthrow
the opporessor. • These are the
words of a Catholic priest who
put down his collar and picked up
the gun to free his people. His
was the most Christ-like act that
can be taken,
Que viva la revoluclonl! !
Que viva nuestro pueblo llbre! !
Patria o muerte, venceremostr
-Ygriega
ELECT
NEWPORT ARMS
New chemical c ompany
loobng for qualified personnel to help in st tew id e
expansion. Con s tant pert
time.
Send resume to:
MR . OTTERNESS
P . 0 Box SJJ
Pinedale , California
VIOLENCE?
The Mextcan-Amerlcan Political Convention recently endorsed
Ricardo Romo, Peace and Freedom Party gubernatorial candidate, as their choice in the upcoming state elections.
Romo, 29, received his Bachelor of Arts degree !rom San
Francisco State in mathematics.
During this time , he was actively
involved in organizing food caravans and other acttvlties for the
United Farm Workers Organizing
Committee. Later, when press
secretary for Reies Tigerina,
Romo worked to bring the southwest land question to the public
and helped form the People's
Constitutional Party which supported Tigerina tor governor ot
ew Mexico.
In 1967, Romo helped organize
the Peace and Freedom Party.
Armando Rodriguez, local
MAPA president and attorney,
listed two reasons why MAPA
supports Romo instead ofaDemoc r tic or Repu lie n candid te,
as had b n don in the past.
First, he said, MAPA want d
to show the two ma1or poUttcal
parties that hie nos were dissatisfied with th way the Democrat
and Republicans we re
treating their reque ts.
•1t was a protest vote to let
both ma1or pol1ttcal parties know
that we (Chicanos) didn't belong
to either party," he stated.
He said •maybe" then the two
maJor parties will recognize the
minority voice.
Secondly, the !act that Romo is
Chicano and that the Peace and
Freedom platform concerns itself with the minority were also
considered towards Roma's support.
Ramo's main campaign goal ls
to bring about recognition and
public awareness of the California Partido de la Raza Unida, a
third party first started in the
Southwest and now wanting a
political foothold among California's Spanish-speaking voters.
Part of Ramo's campaign
statement explains his candidacy
as offering •La Raza a unique
opportunity to take a position
with respect to 'traditional' politics. We can reject the 'lesserof
two evils' theory. We can reject
the concept of giving our support
to 'maybe gain a little' for the
'Mexican' community. We can
reJect our historical position of
being forced back two s teps for
every one s tep forward •
A TOUC H OF HUMOR
-LOW RATESOPPORTUNITY
ROMO
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e ployee
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Name _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ p
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The fighting in Vietnam continues and with it the atrocities
that this government is commit''Isn't it wonderful, Brothers ting against that nation. A re, cent report by the American
He died so you and I might live/ friends Service Committee ( Quakers) revealed that u. s. B-52s
have dropped "~ore tons of explosives on this tiny country
than on all the Axis powers in
World War II, and with n•ry
month the loads are bigger and
the bombs heavier.
But the worse er ime of a 11 is
being committed against the Chicano.
A recent article in the
Los Angeles Times reported on the
findings of Dr. Ralph Guzman, a
professor at the University of
California at Santa Cruz.
The
study showed that Chicanos in the
military have a higher death rate
in,~ietnam than all other •&ePvicemen. Although we constitute
11 % of the population in the Southwest, 19% of the men being
killed are Chicanos.
The reason for these disproportionate rates is the highly
unjust draft system which depends
on the Chicano who isn't in college (and how may Chicanos even
graduate from high school, much
less attend college?) to feed
the bloodthirsty stomach of the
Pentagon.
If a Chicano is fortunate enough to survive a year in Vietnam will he have the same opportunities that his blue-eyed,
blond-headed war buddy will have
when he returns to this country?
Next to the Mexican-American
War, this is the worst crime this
country has committed in its history.
Every Chicano should be
repulsed by what the U. s. is
doing to the Vietnamese people,
and for what the military services are doing to the Chicano.
Everyone of us should be convinced beyond any doubt that this
war must end now and that no Chicano should have to serve in .-ny
branch of the military until the
U. S. withdraws o
II
GAME CANCELLED
The Fresno State-L.A. State
baseball contest scheduled for
this evening has been cancelled.
The noon double-header set for
to morrow will occur as scheduled.
it: ________
0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __.
LOU'S BARBERS
U .N'
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holidays and examination periods by
the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $15 a year. Editorial office,
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telephone 487~266.
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ALL
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SIZES
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BICIDD BARRIS
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FRE.S NO'S LARGEST JEWELERS
DOWNTOWN
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1107 fUL.TON MALL
8een fri. Hites 'Til 9
MANCHESTER
3540 Blackstone
229-8511
Ooen Mon. & Fri. Niles 1il 9
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602 Broadway
237-3615
OPEN SUNDAYS
CHICANO POWER!!
un sueno
una mentira
Perras ladran en el movimiento
Borrachos de envidia
y egoismo
Buitres cantan y bailan
con dios
y rezan a los Estados Unidos
Almas en el aire
Prostituyendose
CHI CANO POWER!!
Es el corazon de la juventud
la al ma neuva
Ninos de bronze
entranas abortadas
Derramandose en Vietnam
en la pinta
Lloran por esos pechos
que los han dejado huerfanos
coma un grano de arena
en el viento
Anhelan por ese vientre carinoso
y prenado de mentira
Chicanos miren a sus barrios
A los files
Alli nacera
un futuro
una esperanza
Con venas llenas de bronze
Banados de sol y tierra
Un del incuente de la vida
un huerfano
Que yace en la cuna
de verdad
CHICANO POWER!!
Abro mis ojos
y miro vendidos
Cierra mis ojos
y sueno ninos
Que juegan con Che.
Jorge Leos
TONIGHT
RENAY
Tonight
1 want to plant rainbows
and water them with my tears
1 am alone, thinking of you
The world is a lost ship
I am a sailor
Diez y siete meses
Al Ii estabas
ojos llenos de luna
Cogiendo estrellas del aire
hablando con un Angel
Riendote con el viento
Que jugaba por los arboles
y yo en mi ignorancia
lloraba
Te conoci un momenta
infinito, eterno
Goze de tu bel I eza
blandita, dul ce, sonol ienta
Pero naciste a una pesadilla
y ahora estan cerrados tus ojos
para siempre
Yo ciego, miro tu tumba
ue encarcela tu al ma
lloro lagrimas secas
qu caen como vidrio
est rel landose en la Bibi a
Rezo, y salen nub s de aire
Porque ••• Porque •••
Mi corazon se ha vu Ito en ceniza
que huye entre la noche
Buscando a mi cunado que ma muerto
u camino borracho
prostituyendo su corazon •.•
Jorg L OS
1
want to kidnap you, princess of the sun
Take you away from the city'
away from bad dreams
from the coldness of
today
I want to meet you
On a pyramid carrying flowers to
my funeral
I want to see you
In moonlight at your window
and give you sad mexican songs
I want to gather I ittle stars
and bring them to you
in the clear morning
1 want to make sense of the world
(candy bar, chrome, plastic roses airplanes
words)
'
'
wait for me
i am a river
you are everything
=-----------~--~
.
.
.
NET
A
Ernesto Trejo Reyes
ltLIVA~ .eN
LING Me~NIN G- ...
" f ATHEK,'' i 5Af t, ''A~E . YIV
1« A~r Y•u N•·r •~ '
't/HI· A~E 'IIU? ,,'
AN, ~E 5Aft:
' I
EVE~Y
HUN:,~~E , ~EAltS
\4HE ~ 111.f PE• I' LE
«.l'E
Para ti, mi Pajarito
mi hijo de bronze
tan amoroso
que era
un corazon de m iel
adonaba
a su madre
le ayudaba
con el •quehacer•
y muy carinoso
con su hermanitos
mi hijo
de bronze
lastima
I e tenia a todos
menos
para el mismo
salio
de la escuela
traicionera
para ayudar
soportar
n ustra familia
trabajamos
esta tierra hermosa
sclavos
d ranch ros
pcro
a los dies y nu va
I gobierno
no los quito
fue a peliar
una guerra ••••
una causa
muy miserable
al ano y medio
junio 23
un balazo
por la media
de la frente
mi hijo
do bronze
all i quedo
WAKE ur."
pobre
de mi hijo
nacido campesino
en las escuelas
tratado
de pendejo
por hablar
su idioma
el gavacho
Io condenaba
y el ranchero
se Io fregaba
con trabajo
y mas trabajo
mi hijo
de bronze
pobre
d mi hljo
nunca pudo ser
lo qu deseaba
su corazon
su cuerpo
lo adonaba
cl gobierno
pero su mente
nunca
lo ocupo
porque para el
su raza
ere primero
mi hijo
de bronze
esta muerto
moerto muerto •••
lagrimas
de sentimiento
se me salen
Tu para mi eres la cosa mas preciosa
Eres el mundo con el sol bril Iante
mis ojos
Si, tu eres una cosa
adoloridos
Que me ilumina cada dia
de I lorar
Me I evanto y hay estas
(no lo quitaron)
GUEVARA
GUEVARA
Con tus ojos que brillan coma perlas
Mi amor eres mi tesoro
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
He buscado un pajaro como tu
No lo he hayado, pero lo he buscado
we have come to claim your body
Como un loco en busca del amor perdido;
undertakers of a huge America
te haye si,
cutting through shrubs of a silent heaven
Pero tambien, te voy a perder
saddened
No hora, quien sabe si el dia despues
by your blood that flows from darkened leaves
Si, digo que te perdere
on the Bolivian hills
Antes que te pierda, mejor no por el bien
.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __. we plunder through the world
Tendre que morir
Porque si no, sera porque estare infatuado
in search of you
con otro que le llaman San Juan de los Lagos '. Poemas Por El Senor Omero Jose Cabrera
and find you
No estare viviendo
a child
passionate and hungry
Si, estare muerto, como los demas malvados
SEA DESGRACI ADO
(the passion of your mother Che)
EL GOBIERNO
HEI Chicano"
your eyes form avenues for dusty withered skulls
through grass
mi hijo
Viva el Chicano de los Estados Unidos,
blood
de bronze
Que han muerto muchos pel iando por su vida
and more blood
quisiera revivirte
Tendremos que segui r viviendo,
te amamos
Guevara ••• Guevara wake up
Porque en lo largo saldremos lunchando
mi hijo
it is raining in Bolivia
Por la causa que tendremos que sostener
el mas carinoso
and the campesinos
Pod re mos sobrevivi r nuestros fracasos
el mas val iente
with voices of I ead
Porque en lo largo sabemos que saldremos ganando.
are talking with putrid suspicion
Vida
viva mi hijo
(sinnews and flesh from Argentina Che)
de bronze
La Vida es conio un pajaro luminoso
and secretive Gods with sharpened axes
Uno que baja del cielo, y llega a para en la puerta
condenado
look for your body
de mi corazon
sea los
as cocaine
llendose, y dejandome triste
estados unidos
smolders
Llena mi mente
la matanza
from the windows
De Nuves azules,
de chicanos
making disguises
Como el amor que tu un dia me diste
in the huge Bolivian sky
asi nos tienen
(the landing Che ••• the landing)
-l'ASL•
FRESNO STATE COLLEGE, FRESNO, CALIFORNIA
.Daily
Collegian
LXXV /136
MONDAY, MAY 18, 1970
s iguemos
siguemos
s iguemos
siguemos
en la probreza
como esclavos
sufriendo
llorando
y
sigueremos gritando
viva la causa
porque un dia
venceremos
y los de mas
de mis hijos
no tendran
que sufrir
como
mi santo
h ijo de bronze
Meno c/s
Guevara ••• Guevara
there is hunger is Bolivia
and children mumble on the hilltops
with your Ii ps
(the river is strewn with dead communists Guevara)
and that mystery that talks of you
on that damp earth
waiting for that troubled sea
to Chant
Guevara ••• Guevara
we have found you
your blood fil Is our throats
our lungs
our belly
with a SI™! 11 as fresh
as yesterda_yls fallen snow
L uls Omar Sa.llnas-
--
Sister Sadie says
That's what it's all about
Black folks in the woods can
be right funny. Now I want yo' all
to understand that this is the
woods I'm talking bout, not niggas
in the woodpile. •Niggas in the
woodpile• is a white folks sayin
for that surprise bump what upsets the apple cart, the fix somebody puts yo llttle red wagon in,
the monkey wrench that messes
up all them nice plans you made.
And I guess the white folks come
by that sayin honest cause we
sho 'nough put this Land of Liberty out of wack by holdin up
them chains we wore durin slavery time, upset the apples in this
Land of Justice by movin to the
front of the Jim Crow car, fixed
em by Pursuin Happiness on
college campuses that our sweat
and tears and blood - not to
mention taxes - have helped to
build. Yeah, they come by the
sayin honest enough, but, like I
say, that ain't the wood I'm talkin bout.
The wood I'm talkin bout is the
natural forest, nature; you know,
sky, trees, dirt, flies and animal
droppins. Now, I know it surprise
you to find out I's a nature girl.
It surprised me, too. Cause I
come to be out in the woods on
a humbug. For all the talk I do
about white folks, I ain't racist.
Some of my best friends is white
and it was them what enticed me
away from my clean, fly-free
home. It ain't too many Black
folk from the city what gon go
willingly into the woods, no way,
and the only way a person gon
get em out there is to put em in
some kind of trick. So my friends
- what will remain nameless tempted me with the promise of
a week-end of soulful dissipation
listening to Miles Davis and otherwise jammin and good ti min up
in San Francisco. Well we did do
that - for one night. Next thing
I knowed, I found myself out in
the woods trekin ten miles to a
•good time,• hot dirty, sweaty,
tired, mad and wonderin how in
the world my great grandmamma
ever made it walkin from Virginia
to Texas durin slavery time.
Course, I shouldaknownsomething was wrong somewhere. That
little picnic folks talked about
kept gettin what they called more
"rustic• each time they mentioned it and the- distance we had
to walk kept gettin longer each
time I asked, how far. And it
wasn't enough that folks got me
out in the woods under false pretense, they got me halfway between the campground and the car
and had the nerve to tell me
something had been following us
through the trees since we got
on that trail. I know them folks
was surprised that a old woman
like me could move like a bat
outta hell when I don't too much
dig what's comin up behind me.
Yes, chi'ren, I wants you to
know, ole Sadie walked ten miles
into The Woods to have a •good
time." I didn't believe it myself.
It remind me of my young days
when we used to walk ten miles
to a dance or party. That's what
we called a good time, then. And
sittin round that campfire out
there, heating them hot dogs and
cookin them hamburgers reminded me of all them cold winter
mornings my mamma lit a fire
out in them fields and set me to
keep it goin so us kids could
stay warm while she and daddy
pulled them sacks down them long
rows of cotton and how at noon
she would come in and heat up
the beans cause daddy said a man
couldn't work on a cold day with
nothin but cold food on his stomach. And many and many a night
when we was followin the crops,
the light of that campfire took the
place of food in us bellies.
Can you get ready for these
folks doin the very things, goin
back, almost, to the very times
I worked so hard to get away
from? Only what these folks was
doin for fun, I had done to Ii ve.
And I got Just like an Indian hostile. I didn't like it when I
was comin up and I doggone sure
didn't like it being old like I am.
I had to get away, be by myself
so I could get my cool back together. r went down by this little
creek that was runnin from one
place to another. I just walk beside it for a while and all I hear
is the noise the water make goin
over the rock and gravel on the
bottom of the stream. Trees risin
up on either side of the creek
and it just this little strip ot
beach I'm walkin on and the sky
way overhead. The water clear
and cold and it sound fill that
little place and little by little that
water talk to me. I'm tellin you
what God love, chil' ren. The
water talk to me, not in words
but in its sound. And I knowed
that my great grandmamma made
it from Virginia to Texas two
hundred years ago the same way
I made it from followin the crop
to newspaper writer and advisor
to colleges. We made it the same
way all Black people made it in
this country. Cause we had to.
Wasn't nothing else we could do.
And I look at them trees and that
sky and listen to that water and
knowed that this was land. This
where we come from, what we
put so much into, what we got to
go back to, the land. And that's
what it's all about, chil'ren. Land.
And I knowed too that I could off
a whole heap of hunkies if a
piece of land was at the end.
Editorial From
The Washington,
DC, Post
Among the nation's minorities
who are increasingly less silent
about their lot is the one of 61 / 2
million Mexican-Americans. The
poverty they suffer is as bad or
worse as the bleakest conditions
endured by the blacks, Appalachians or Indians. Unemployment
is roughly twice the rate ofwhite
Americans.
In the Southwest, more than a
third live below the poverty level.
In 1968, only 600 of 22,000 grad-
uates of the Southwest's five main
universities were Mexican Americans.
The U.S. Commission on Civil
Rights recently added another
dismal fact about MexicanAmericans: They suffer large
amounts of abuse and violence
from law enforcement agencies,
ranging from casual insults to
brutal beatings. The commission's survey covered the Southwest, where more than four million Mexican-Americans live.
None of this information is
new, either to the victimized
themselves or to those who work
to help them. What is new is that
a growing number of organiza-
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tions are being formed by Mexican-Americans to confront and
change the powers and institutions that deal with them so unfairly either directly or indirectly. The more well-known include
MA YO (Mexican- American Youth
Organization), a three-year-old
movement largely in Texas which
is seeking, and gaining, an economic base as a means for political action; OMICA (Organized
Migrants in Community Action),
a Florida group that helps migrant workers deal with state and
federal assistance agencies, insurance companies and, most im·
portant, the employers.
The test of the coming years
is not so much how the Mexican·
Americans will use their growing
power - violently or nonviolentlY
- but whether the larger white
society continues to ignore their
rights and needs. Commissione;
Vicente Ximenes of the U.S. Equa
Employment Opportunities com·
mission warned last June, •YoU
must have a rising awareness in
the nation and especially in the
Southwest ' of the obligations of
governme~t officials and cer·
tainly the people, the obligati:
to a very important segment
the population. It would seem to
me that we are taking five milliO~
people in this area for grante
at our own peril. It would be a
·t tor
tragedy if we had to wai
n
something explosive to happe
before we acted.•
.
are
The Mexican-Americans
basically the old story of the
wanting in the longest runnl
'
stage,
drama on the American
t
The hope this time around is th \
perhaps the old story, thr00 e
public legislation and Pr iv ad·
compassion, will have a new en
ing.
P~;
f
THE CALIFORNIA
Ti/Jarcio Vasquez
By La Adelita
per haps you wonder how it is
"La Adelita" writes an article
Cal"f
·
about a
1 ormano rather than
something about Emiliano Zapata
.
and pane ho Vill a. The reasons
are many, among them the very
important fact that Zapata and
.
Villa have been given the credit
most rightfully theirs whereas
f
.
the Cali orniano-mexicano who
also foug~t for his rights has
been dismissed as the California
outlaw by the An~lo and largely
ignored by the Chicano. (For example, one o~ our so-called
"Mexican American leaders" was
appalled that a TV program made
mention of those "horrible band1ts• Ti burcio Vasquez and Joaquin Murr ieta .) There are other
reasons for the need to begin
writing about the California guerrillero. I can't help recalling as
I watched a program on African
dance s how excited . the Black
girls became when a not too authentic Zulu warrior appeared.
l thought then, how amazing, we
all need warriors to be proud of.
I then recalled to mind not only
Zapata and Villa but closer to
home - Tiburcio Vasquez.
Then , there is another allimportant reason. We have been
called the •gentle revolutionaries • by a well known MexicanAmerican educator. It brings to
mi nd a conversation I once had
with another fellow Chicano who
made tfie statement that all moveme nts have had uprisings before
they succe eded but the Chicano
movement has not. I then went
on to cite Murrietta, Vasquez and
many othe r s to prove that our
people have risen but have been
put down. I was very sad if not
surprised to discover this fellow
Chicano, thr ough no fault of his
own (he was a product of u.s.
schools), had never heard of any
of these Californianos-mexicanos. I hope I have made my point
as to the impor tance of our learni ng more about our history here
in the Southwest-northern Mexico.
I will begin with Tiburcio vasquez not because the others were
less important, but because the
19th day of March which recently
passed was the 94th anniversary
of Vasquez' death-a fact which I
was happy and proud to see the
Teatro campesino commemorate
in their latest skit.
Tiburcio Vasque z was born in
Monterey, Califo rnia, on August
11, 1895. He was born into a
respectable family of the community. The Vas quez family
home, directly in back of Colton
Hall in Monterey is a handsome
white adobe building. Tiburcio
had three brother s and two sisters who were ve ry fond of him.
He came from a closely-knit
family as most Mexican fa mi.l ies
a re and ha ve always been. The
young Tibur cio attended school
in Monterey, and was a good student. A few samples of his writing
have survived and here one can
see that his handwriting is bold,
the letters carefully formed large
and beautiful. Two of these samples are poems, one in English
(Whi ch he learned after the American invation) and one inSpanish.
At the time of his trial and
hanging in San Jose , Vasquez was
thirty -nine yea rs old, a figure of
elegance, wearing a neat 1Y
t rimmed full beard and mustache
and often dressed in a suit, tie
and polished boots. This according to the Anglo reporters of the
day, who followed him from the
day of his capture to that of his
execution. Accordi ng to the description in the records of the
Sheriff of Santa Clara County,
Vasquez was not more than 5 feet
6 inches in height, had dark hair,
dark brown eyes and had a light
compleXion •for a Mexican.• He
was a native Californian.
In 1846, began the Mexican-
WARRIOR
American War v
was
eleven years old· 1 asquez
1948
ico lost the wa • nd
' Mexr an California
became part of th u s
was thirteen yeae • •dVasquez
rs o1 • From
here on, followed the er i
called by Anglo text~k O d
perios of the •Mexi
s th e
can bandits•
in the Southwest. Joa ui M
ta sprang up in 1849q Hn uriet• e was off
the California scene b 1853
One night, someui:e in 852
when Vasquez was but seventeen
he and a man named Anastaci~
Garcia, in company with another
Jose Heiguerra, attended a fandango in Monterey. During the
evening, a fistfight ensued. Constable William Hardmount an
Anglo, entered the hall and '•attempted to establish order." What
happened then is not altogether
clear, but the constable was slain
Vasquez was never officlall;
charged with the crime although
he was sought for questioning.
That night Garcia and Vasquez
fled into the hills where they remained for some time. Their reason for doing so is quite obvious•
they feared so-called Americ~
•justice". Although the •crime"
was never charged against any of
the trio let alone proved 1 Jose
~eiguerra was seized by th e Vigllantes and, without a trial was
hanged.
From this time on until his
capture in 1874, Vasquez reigned
as the fiercest •bandit• of California, creating what the Anglo
called a reign of terror. Some of
the reasons he was able to survive so long are worth taking
note of. Vasquez never stole from
or killed a fellow brother, aMexican. Therefore the Mexican population, who considered the Anglp
the invader, hid and sheltered
Vasquez whenever the need
arose. He was also noted for being a gentleman and made apoint
of respecting women. This was
one of the reasons Vasquez disliked the Anglo of that time, for
his uncouthness and lack of
breeding. Even the Anglo reporters of the day admit that
Vasquez was not full of bravado,
but simply and quietly brave and
courageous to his death.
It is important for those who
may think that Vasquez was a
common "bandit" with a band of
a few men that he had an army
of men which numbered in the
hundreds. It is also important
to note his farsightedness , for
Vasquez had ambitions toward
effecting an uprising or revolution against the Yankee invaders
of California.
Finally, in 1874, with the help
of a traitor who •sold himself"
(vendido), Vasquez was captured
by the Anglos. He was tried and
finally hung in San Jose on the
19th day of March, The very fac tual account by an Anglo reporter
of his death, is that of a man
who died with the most incredible
courage one could ever imagine.
i
The Anglos of the day who saw
him die were stunned that he did
not die like a common •bandit•
but like a warrior. Vasquez was
burled like the hero he was to
the Mexican people o!Call!ornla,
in Santa Clara where his grave
can still be found. Thus Tlburcio Vasquez, the California Warrior, became one with the eternity of time that never ends,
Another example of American
justice are the two photographs
which appear on this page. These
also occurred in orthern California. The two MeXicans were
hung near a bridge on Water
Street, in Santa Cruz on May 3
1877. They were hun~, without~
trial, by forty Anglo Vigilantes
who disguised themselves by
painting their faces. They were
then photographed while hanging,
wlth their hats on, which were
placed on them for the pur pose of
photographing. The photographs
were then sold as •souv nlrs• to
visiting tourists.
The three Mexican men ln the
second photograph were ccused
of raping an Anglo girl in Santa
Cruz and, also without a trial or
proof of their guilt, were hung
near Santa Rose in the mid 1930's.
They were also photographed and
their pictures were sold to tourists as souvenirs. This is how
the Anglo in the West could give
the Eastern Anglo, even in the
not-too-distant-past 1930's an
example of his •Law andOrder."
FALL LEASING.
For new Apt s. acros s
from FSC
Cedar & hields Ph. 227 -3564
Senator Humanities
MAY 20
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RTORUINPD:
JET CHARTER Fll GHTS - SU~MER & FALL
MISC INC
Artefactorage - Unicom Leather
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1920
Finest Corsage s & Floral Make-up
:LONDON $275.
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OPENING SOON
Across from FS
Married Couple on ly
Contact Manager,
2067 E. Shaw, or
Phone 224-4842
I
I
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EstCondits
FLOWERS & 61FH
C APITO L I TERNATIONAL AIRWAYS
- MGR. POSITION
Sandals
Pottery
Purses
Batik
Belts
Gadgets
Hats
Wine
watchbands
Candles
Jewelry
"Your Clo se st Florist"
MATT
POTTHAST
Whtie a well-known Bls hop was
visiting an Indian tribe , the Chief
invited hi m to go for a long ride
after dinner. Bishop Lang as ked,
"Will it be safe fo r me to leave
my baggage here ?" Chief Redwing answered with , "Yes, there
is not a white man within 40
miles."
Now leas ing for
Summer & Fall
I
You can hear •~ everywhere
you go. You pick up a newspaper
or magazine, listen to the news
on radio, watch it on television
and they all do the same ~ ,
condemn violence.
But I say right o n ! ~ ~
si I
-It's about time the Chicanos,
Blacks and progressive orth
American youth learn that flowers don't stop bullets, and the
sweet smell of flowers can't protect us from tear gas. I don't like
to kill. I don't like to maim. I
don't llke to cause blood to flow.
I don't want to die. But I don't
like to see my people in chains.
But I don't like to see my Asian,
African and Latin American people burned, gassed, tortured, enslaved, and slaughtered so that
Nixon can buy a new yacht, so
that the Kennedys can buy a new
summer resort, so that the
Rocketellers can make another
million tax free. I don't want to
be the slave that tills their bath
with mllk and honey and my
blood.
No, I don't want to be violent.
l have not been violent. And I
have not been free. I have worked
all my life and gained nothing.
They have gained everything.Now
I wlll take what is righttully mine.
I Will take the power along with
my brothers and we will determine our own lives. If the oligarchic structure which enslaves
and exploits us will turn over the
power in a non-violent manner,
we will take it in a non-violent
manner. If we have to take 1t ln
a violent manner, we will take it
in a violent manner. Weare more
than jusilfled in doing so. A slave
is always justified in killlng hts
master to gain freedom.
•The oppressed are justified
in turning violent to overthrow
the opporessor. • These are the
words of a Catholic priest who
put down his collar and picked up
the gun to free his people. His
was the most Christ-like act that
can be taken,
Que viva la revoluclonl! !
Que viva nuestro pueblo llbre! !
Patria o muerte, venceremostr
-Ygriega
ELECT
NEWPORT ARMS
New chemical c ompany
loobng for qualified personnel to help in st tew id e
expansion. Con s tant pert
time.
Send resume to:
MR . OTTERNESS
P . 0 Box SJJ
Pinedale , California
VIOLENCE?
The Mextcan-Amerlcan Political Convention recently endorsed
Ricardo Romo, Peace and Freedom Party gubernatorial candidate, as their choice in the upcoming state elections.
Romo, 29, received his Bachelor of Arts degree !rom San
Francisco State in mathematics.
During this time , he was actively
involved in organizing food caravans and other acttvlties for the
United Farm Workers Organizing
Committee. Later, when press
secretary for Reies Tigerina,
Romo worked to bring the southwest land question to the public
and helped form the People's
Constitutional Party which supported Tigerina tor governor ot
ew Mexico.
In 1967, Romo helped organize
the Peace and Freedom Party.
Armando Rodriguez, local
MAPA president and attorney,
listed two reasons why MAPA
supports Romo instead ofaDemoc r tic or Repu lie n candid te,
as had b n don in the past.
First, he said, MAPA want d
to show the two ma1or poUttcal
parties that hie nos were dissatisfied with th way the Democrat
and Republicans we re
treating their reque ts.
•1t was a protest vote to let
both ma1or pol1ttcal parties know
that we (Chicanos) didn't belong
to either party," he stated.
He said •maybe" then the two
maJor parties will recognize the
minority voice.
Secondly, the !act that Romo is
Chicano and that the Peace and
Freedom platform concerns itself with the minority were also
considered towards Roma's support.
Ramo's main campaign goal ls
to bring about recognition and
public awareness of the California Partido de la Raza Unida, a
third party first started in the
Southwest and now wanting a
political foothold among California's Spanish-speaking voters.
Part of Ramo's campaign
statement explains his candidacy
as offering •La Raza a unique
opportunity to take a position
with respect to 'traditional' politics. We can reject the 'lesserof
two evils' theory. We can reject
the concept of giving our support
to 'maybe gain a little' for the
'Mexican' community. We can
reJect our historical position of
being forced back two s teps for
every one s tep forward •
A TOUC H OF HUMOR
-LOW RATESOPPORTUNITY
ROMO
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e ployee
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The fighting in Vietnam continues and with it the atrocities
that this government is commit''Isn't it wonderful, Brothers ting against that nation. A re, cent report by the American
He died so you and I might live/ friends Service Committee ( Quakers) revealed that u. s. B-52s
have dropped "~ore tons of explosives on this tiny country
than on all the Axis powers in
World War II, and with n•ry
month the loads are bigger and
the bombs heavier.
But the worse er ime of a 11 is
being committed against the Chicano.
A recent article in the
Los Angeles Times reported on the
findings of Dr. Ralph Guzman, a
professor at the University of
California at Santa Cruz.
The
study showed that Chicanos in the
military have a higher death rate
in,~ietnam than all other •&ePvicemen. Although we constitute
11 % of the population in the Southwest, 19% of the men being
killed are Chicanos.
The reason for these disproportionate rates is the highly
unjust draft system which depends
on the Chicano who isn't in college (and how may Chicanos even
graduate from high school, much
less attend college?) to feed
the bloodthirsty stomach of the
Pentagon.
If a Chicano is fortunate enough to survive a year in Vietnam will he have the same opportunities that his blue-eyed,
blond-headed war buddy will have
when he returns to this country?
Next to the Mexican-American
War, this is the worst crime this
country has committed in its history.
Every Chicano should be
repulsed by what the U. s. is
doing to the Vietnamese people,
and for what the military services are doing to the Chicano.
Everyone of us should be convinced beyond any doubt that this
war must end now and that no Chicano should have to serve in .-ny
branch of the military until the
U. S. withdraws o
II
GAME CANCELLED
The Fresno State-L.A. State
baseball contest scheduled for
this evening has been cancelled.
The noon double-header set for
to morrow will occur as scheduled.
it: ________
0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __.
LOU'S BARBERS
U .N'
HAIRSTYLING
T h e Me th od Pr e f e rr ed by
H o ll y w ood C e le briti es
Shaw-\ est Shopping Ce nter
H a irc u t!:. $2. 50 112 & und e r $ 2 .00
S a t. $ 2.25
Ph. 222-9945
2087 W. Shaw
Mexico '70
PUEBLA
STUDY
PROGRAM
$396.20 all inclusive
and opti onal
TOUR OF
MEXICO
June 14 to August 15
HI O ST ATE COLLEGE
Up to ten semester units
CONTA CT:
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Chico, California 95926
SPECIALS
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JET L.A. to EUROPE
(TIA Carrier)
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and Intra Europe Student fares
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London-Tel Aviv
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M. French
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Beverly Hills
(213) 274-0729 & 274-0720
Published five days a week except
holidays and examination periods by
the Fresno State College Association. Mail subscriptions $8 a semester, $15 a year. Editorial office,
Business 235, telephone 487-2170.
Business office, College Union 316
telephone 487~266.
& UP
NAVY SHIRTS
ATTENTION!
ALL
Teachers - Students
SIZES
- SUMMER INCOME Part or ful I time, can start
part time. Send resume to
Mr. Otterness
P.O. Box 533
Pinedale, California
WANT ADS ,
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Student Charges Welcome - No Co-signer Necessary.
Special Semester Terms for St11dents
Furn 2 BR across from dorms
share w/3 others $45. 439-6481
Suzuki 1968 305CC. Mint cond.
$500. 439-6727
Wi 11 trade 4-barrel carb. manifold from 302 V8 Cougar for 2barrel carb & manifold. 487-
2391 /227-8123.
'62 Corvair - new Brks. Gen
WISION•TECHNICOLOR'
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595
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JACKETS
Most co m plete stock of
Jackets - and s izes in
the Valley.
The most electrifying
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BICIDD BARRIS
as"A MAIi
CltI,ED BOBSI"
up
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FRE.S NO'S LARGEST JEWELERS
DOWNTOWN
237-2101
1107 fUL.TON MALL
8een fri. Hites 'Til 9
MANCHESTER
3540 Blackstone
229-8511
Ooen Mon. & Fri. Niles 1il 9
WAR SURPLUS DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
OPEN SUNDAYS