La Voz de Aztlan, May 4 1970
Item
Title
La Voz de Aztlan, May 4 1970
Creator
Associated Students of Fresno State
Relation
La Voz de Aztlan (Daily Collegian, California State University, Fresno)
Coverage
Fresno, California
Date
5/4/1970
Format
PDF
Identifier
SCUA_lvda_00011
extracted text
CINCO DE MAYO
The Emperor of France, NaNapoleon III of France during
poleon III, wanted to occupy this period, was faced with unrest
Mexico. In May 1862 French among his own Franch people, and
General Laurencez started his desperately was in need of a vicmarch from Veracruz to the torious war in order to reassure
capital, Mexico City. The French his position as emperor of
army consisted of 6,000 well France. He therefore made adearmed soldiers.
The French mand of a fantastic sum of monarmy's only probably obstacle ey (12 million pesos) upon the
on the way to Mexico City was Mexican government hoping that
the city of Puebla, which was Mexico would be unable to pay
situated directly on the path of and be forced to engage itself in
General Laurencez' march and a war with all three countries
which was defended by approxi- England, Spain and F ran c e '
mately 4,000 ill-:equipped Mexi- whereupon France would ulti~
can troops under the commandof mately emerge victorious. Howthe now famous Mexican General ever, when England and Spain
Ignacio Zaragoza. The French realized that if they proceeded
general, confident that the battle as planned it would surely lead
seasoned troops under his com- to dangerous con fl i ct with
mand we re far superior to the France, decided it would not be
almost amateuristic M ex i can worthwhile and abandoned the
forces , probably expected little dangerous venture 1 ea vi n g
or no opposition from the Mexi- France to continue alone with its
can army. However, on that his- selfish plans of conquest. For
toric day in Puebla, May 5, 1862, Napoleon III was not only planthe French army, which had not ning to build himself an empire
suffered a defeat in half a cen- in Mexico, but was actually looktury against Europe'~ finest ing ahead to then aiding the Southtroops, was to suffer a disastrous ern States in their fight against ,
defeat at the hands of an out- the North in order to procure the
numbered , ill equipped, and South's cotton which was much
ragged but highly spirited and needed by France, and possibly
had visions of later building a
courageous Mexican force.
This day, May 5, 1862, has French Empire inNorthAmerica
since become one of Mexico's as well.
But Napoleon III was not desmost celebrated national holidays and celebrated annually by tined to see his visions of granalmost all Mexicans (and Mexi- deur materialize. As General :
can-Americans) north and south Laurencez arrived from France
with a large army, Napoleon III
of theU.S.-Mexican border. The
battle of Puebla is but one of sent one of his emissaries to set
many such battles which these up a provisional government in
courageous people have had to Mexico, withhimselfasemperor,
overcome in their long and brave and proceeded in commanding the
struggle for independence and French army to occupy Mexico
City.
•
freedom.
The French General, a proud c:.J
In order to understand the
Mexican people's fervent feeling and glorified officer and veteran
towards this Mexican national of many great victories, had only
holiday (May 5, 1862), it is contempt for General Ignacio
necessary to acquaint ourselves zargoza and his •lowly" Mexiwith some of the reasons behind can army that awaited the
this intense and urgent compul- French's •superior" forces in
sion to commemorate the heroic Puebla. On that historid day,
efforts of these Mexican heroes May 5, 1862, the French General
among which were Benito Juarez, gave the order to attack Puebla,
Ignacio Zaragoza, Gonzales Or- and to ridicule the Mexican's
raggedy troops, who were mostly
tega, and many others.
In the year 1862, Mexico's equipped with antiquated guns,
President Benito Juarez, was directed his attack to the middle
faced with a tremendous national of the Mexican defense which was
debt and a treasury which con- General zargoza's strongest posisted of very meager funds and sition. After three bloody asfound it necessary to suspend saults upon Puebla (in which over
payment of the nation a 1 debt. a thousand gallant Frenchmen
Since the American Civil War futilely lost their lives) the once
was in progress at this time, and handomely uniformed French
this in effect negated the provi- troops were finally defeated and
humiliated were driven back by
sions of the Monroe Doctrine,
the outnumbered Mexican troops.
Mexico's principal creditors The courageous and heroic spirit
Spain, England, and France that General zargoza and his men
attempted to take advantage of
displayed during this historic
this situation and under the prebattle, can never be forgotten.
tense of collecting a debt sought
The battle of Cinco de Mayo in
to impose a monarch of their own
which many brave Mexicans willchoice upon a seemingly helpless
ingly gave their lives for the
country.
cause of justice and freedom, was
instrumental in keeping the
Americans from once again falling under complete European
control. For this reason, in commemoration and in honor of our
undaunted Mexican ancestors who
gave so much of themselves in
order that we remain free, on
every fifth day on May we should
all be proud to shout, •VIVA
MEXICO!"
I'
-·
...
/,liiC,
8/ Pl11n 8spirit1111/ :De Azt!lllt
In the spirit of a new people that is conscious not only of its proud historical
heritage, but also of the brutal "Gringo" inva ion of our territories. We. the Chicano
inhabitants and civilizer of the northe;n land of Aztlan, from whence came our forefathers, reclaiming the land of their birth and consecrating the determination of our
people of the sun, Declare that the call of our bloud is our power our responsibility
and our inevitable destiny.
We are free and sovereign to determine those tasks which are justly called for
by our house, our land, the sweat of our brows and by our hearts. Az tlim belongs
to those that plant the seeds, water the fields, and gather the crops, and not to the
foreign Europeans.
We do not recognize capricious frontiers on the Bronze Continent.
Brotherhood units us, and love for our brothers makes us a people whose time
has come and who struggles against the foreigner "Gabacho" who exploits our riches
and destroys our culture. With our heart in our hands and our hands in the soil,
We Declare the Independence of our Mestizo Nation. We are a Bronze People with a
Bronze Culture. Before the world, before all of North America, before all our
brothers in the Bronze Continent, We are a Nation. We are a Union of free pueblos.
We are Aztlan.
Por La Raza Todo
I
Fuera de la Raza Nada
Tax Structure
Injustice to Campesinos
As we celebrate Mejico's "In,,tependence• from E u rope an
domination, Chicanos acknowledge, as we look at our people,
that true freedom can never be
expressed until the chains of
oppression, the acts of genocide ,
the systematic destruction of our
culture, are broken. The struggle
for freedom continues in the
barrios, welfare agencies, police
stations, butchering county hospitals, public schools, and in the
agricultural fields of Aztlan. If
we should honor anything this
week it should be the campesinos
in Delano. We •educated• Chicanos can sell out anytime but
to whom does the campesino sell
out to? The absence of justice
for the campesinos is evident, but
besides the denial of collective
bargaining, better wages, proper
sanitation, and pesticidal control,
other forms of direct discrimination are sometimes not seen.
With the evident burden of injustices the present federal income
tax structure is completely tyrannical as far as justice is concerned.
There seems to be a tremendous misconception among wellinformed individuals that campesinos, on account of their low
wages, do not pay taxes. Is the
federal income tax structure so
fair as to exclude campesinos
from its requirements? For instance, a single cam.pesino earning $2,000 per year, by law is
required to pay $163 federal income tax. Try to survive in modern Anglo society on $2,000 per
year and paying $163 tribute. Another example is the deduction
allowable for transportation. It's
a well known fact that campesinos travel the length and
breadth of the land harvesting
crops. The government allows a
deduction of seven cents on each
gallon of gas, government employees, on the other hand, are
allowed 1O cents a mile besides
their salary paid by taxpayers.
Businessmen are allowed 10
cents a mile deduction. Ifwe calculate these figures, a campesino, according to law, if he
travels 15,000 miles he is allowed a deduction more or less
of $60. Government employees
are paid $1, 500 for the same
amount of miles . Businessmen
are allowed $1,500 deduction.
This ls the equality of the system.
Another denied right has been
the protection of unemployment
insurance. Let's, for example,
take a campesino, earning$4,000
per year. According to federal
statute again, he must pay $496
federal income tax. If he earns
this same amount in nine months
he must survive the remaining
three months of the year on his
savings. The industrial worker,
on the other hand, earnlng$4,000
in nine months, but being protected by unemployment insurance, collects $800 in benefits.
Thus the industrial worker has a
total income of $4,800 and the
campesino has an inc om e of
$4,000 and ironically both pay
the same tax of $496. Incidentally, a topless dancer is protected
by unemployment insurance.
What kind of damn system de
these honkies operate when a
topless dancer can be protected
against unemployment and those
who feed us are denied that right?
In my estimation the tax structure, in relation to the campesinos, is based on robbery by the
government. It is also my estimation that the tribute of the income tax is illegal because of the
campesino's denied rights; therefore, all payments made by campesinos to the government should
be reimbursed with interest. Taxation without rights is tyranny,
and if I am not mistaken, this
was what the Anglo revolution
was all about.
We, as La Raza, know the
struggle continues and will never
end until we possess TIERRA Y
LIBERTAD. Carnales, before we
shout viva el Cinco de Mayo,
let's cry out: Viva La Revolucion! Viva El Campesino!
E. Cueller
MONDAY, MAY 4th, 1970
ART EXHIBIT:
Speech Art Cases
Ed-Psych Cases
(All) Student cases
ee.
MOVIES:
•r am Joaquin" •.•.• 10:00 a.m.
•Huelga" .•.•.•.•. 11:00 a.m.
"Pedro Paramo". . • . 1:00 p.m.
SPEAKERS:
at the amphitheatre
1:00 p.m. Marina Vidaurri, R.D.c.
1:30 p.m. Bob Arroyo, F.C.C.
2:00 p.m. Reports
LUNCH:
Will be served free of charge to the gener
public at Baker Hall.
a1
Movies will be shown in the Student Union.
Rooms 312, 313, 314.
TUESDAY, MAY 5th, 1970
MARIACHIS
At the Free Speech Area from 9:00 to 10:00 a.m.
Selected Junior Colleges and High Schools Will
repoft on their activities in their respective
campuses.
DANCE:
To be held at Baker Hall from 5:00 until 7:00 p.m.
FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY, MAY 8th, 9th, 10th
The public is invited to attend the Fiesta that
will take place in back of the Court House from
6:00 until 11:00 p.m. 28 organizations will sell
•comida mejicana•. There will be music by
groups such as: Beto Garcia and his G.G. 's,
Roosevelt High Marima Band, the Mixtlecos and
also a rock band.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 6th, 1970
This day is proclaimed ADELIT A DAY
MARIACHIS
Will play from 10:00 until 10:30 followed by:
DEDICATION
The dedication will be a picture of a True
Adelita (a woman who fought in the 'revolucion'
beside her 'hombre'.) The picture was painted
by C res Hernandez.
TEA TRO FESTIVAL
These days will collectively form the Teatro
Festival which will not only consist of groups
throughout California but also Texas and New
York.
TEATROS:
El Grupo de poesia coral de Mascarones •.•
Mesico
Nuevo Teatro Pobre de America .•. Puerto Rico
Los reveladores del Tercer Mundo •. New York
Teatro Bilingue •.• University of Texas
Teatro Urbano ••• San Jose
Teatro de los Actos ••• Oakland
Teatro Triste .•• Oakland
Teatro de la Vida o Muerte ••• Long Beach
Teatro de A ztlan ••. San Diego
Teatro Aztlan ••• San Fernando Valley
Teatro Campesino ••. Fresno
Note •.• 160 performers
....
M.A.P .A. will not Endorse
By Jesus C. Marquez
ALBERT'S
The Mexican-American Political Association, which held its
flrst preprimary endorsement
convention in the Hotel Californian on April 17, 18 and 19, is
through giving its blessings to
candidates and getting nothing in
return.
For too long, Californians of
Mexican descent have endorsed
traditional 1 i be r al candidates
from the Democratic party merely because they are friends.
These FRIENDS have been asking
for years for support from the
RAZA, but in return have not
endorsed LA RAZA.
Delegates to the MexicanAmerican Political Association
LOU'S BARBERS
BONDS
MEN'S HAIUSTl:"LING
The Method Preferred by
Hollywood Celebrities
FIENZAS
PARA ENCARCELADOS
Shaw-West Shopping Center
Haircut!. $2.S0 1 12 & under $2 .00
Sat. $2.25
--•--
Ph. 22UJ945
SERYICIO
DIA Y NOCHE
2087 W. Shaw
--•--
heard calls for "racial awareness" and for re-examination of
the two-party system.
Speaker after speaker called
on delegates to discard the Democratic and Republican parties
and concentrate on e I e ct i n g
Americans of Mexican descent,
regardless of party.
Dr. Julian Nava, running for
state superintendent of public
instruction, said, •one party is
hardly better than the other.•
Nava was greeted by cheers and
cries of "Viva LA RAZA." as he
described white liberals who
won't support him as •gutless
wonders."
Edmund G. Brown, Jr., candidate for the Democratic nomination for secretary of state,
charged 200 ,000 Spanish-speaking Californians are being disenfranchised because of inaction
at the state level.
He noted a recent state supreme court decision giving
Spanish-speaking persons the
right to vote "is almost worth-
THE FRANCO
TACO HOUSE
SERVICIO
EN TODAS PARTES
DEL PAIS
259 N. BLACKSTONE AVE.
DANCE GROUP
Marachis dance groups will perform in the
Student Union Lounge at 10:00 a.m. until 12•
p.m. Sponsored by the Fine Arts Commttt·0o
Art (painting, wood work, pottery, and etc.)
will be provided by high school students
and students from City College and Fresno
and Fresno State College.
LUNCH:
Phone 237-3532
486-1850
THURSDAY, MAY 7th, 1970
SPEAKERS:
SCHEDULE:
1 L:00 a.m. Senorita Cecilia Pedroza •.•
Friday & Saturday ••• at the amphitheatre
from Los Angeles .•. running for ..•
10:00-12:00 workshops
the office of Lt. Governor •..
1 :00- 2:30 workshops
11:30 a.m. Senora Margrita Cruz •• ,
3:00- 5:00 performance
from San Francisco ..• one of the
Regional Directors of the statewide
Sunday ... at Kearney Park
organization called M.A.P.A.
12:00 to?
(Mexican-American Political Assn.)
1:00 p.m. Senorita Corine S nchez •.•
from the University of Long Beach .•. . . ,
student in the Chicano Movement
I• I
SANCHEZ & HALL MORTUARY
1022 B St.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
•
ALBERTO RAMIREZ
PROPIETARIO
FRESNO
Discos
Mexicanos
Soul ♦ Rock
o 4 & 8 track ta
551 Ventura Av
''THE FINEST TACOS"
826 POLLASKI,
CLOVIS
PH: 299-6431
....
•••
.....
less" unless voting roaching instruction, candidate designations
and ballot arguments are printed
in Spanish.
A speech by Jose Angel Guiterrez of La Raza Unida Party in
Crystal City, Texas, brought a
standing ovation and cries of
"Power to the People!" as he
called for formation of a third
party.
Ricardo Romo, a candidate for
governor under the Peace and
Freedom Party, evoked loud
clapping when he lashed out at
the Republican and Democratic
parties. "We can no longer work
in the belly of the whale,• he
said, alluding to the parties. •Get
out and see (that) it is the monster that swallowed us a long
time ago."
Romo's endorsement by MAPA
could be the first step toward
formation of a La Raza Unida
Party for Spanish-speaking candidates only.
Resolutions calling for the impeachment of San Jose Judge
Gernold s. Chargin for remarks
made about Americans of Mexican descent , opposing tuition in
the state colleges and university,
and advising Phil Sanchez that the
Chicano Communities are aware
of his vote for tuition, were
adopted by delegates.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week. excet
holidays and examination penodsci;
the Fresno State College Asso
tion. Mail subscriptions $8 a s~r,es·
ter, $ 15 a year. Editorial o ic~,
Business 235 , telephone 487-217 ·
Business office, College Union 31 6 ,
telephone 487"'2266.
Vidory...
just no preparation tor college,
that's all there ts to lt. Roland
, ,gym. Who doesn't? Thi h
says the teachers have just run
A chtcano student from Parpened on a Frida; mor~ apout of things to do. The students
lier High School was suspended
mid-day.
g or
have resorted to throwing papers
from school for being •defiant•,
On Monday, Roland was called
and erasers around in class and
so they say.
into the office. He asked wh
to the teacher, and they also talk
on March 4, Roland De La They gave him no reason.
a lot.
cerda was suspended from school
it was decided that he wouid be
Then there was a recess. one
for •enjoying the sunshine• dursuspended for the remainder of
or the Board Members had to go
the yea Wh
to his place of employment and
ing his woodshop class. This is
.
r•
Y? Because of the
supposedly considered a cut. The
mcident that happened three days
check up on the workers and
reason is that this guy didn't
ago, a minor incident, that wasn't
things like that. Should a man
have anything to do in there.
important enough to report the
like this be a Bo rd Member?
He would not be admitted to school
same day it happened? Or was 1t
He should be able to dedicate
until his parents came to school
~omething else? Maybe, they
some time to a student n need.
and had a conference with the
Just don't want him around school.
After everyone has testifled
vice principal.
Anyway, he was suspended,
against Roland, his mother went
Mr, New, a first year woodMr. Struhl was asked if he
on the stand. She asked for an
thought Roland was a g"'JCI athinterpretor so that the Board
shop teacher, was a character
lete. His reply was •average •
could understand her and at the
witness at the hearing. He said
Roland was being •disruptive and
He's only received
letters ~n
same time, the community people
basketball in three years and was
would know what she had to say.
a nuisance in class." All he
awarded Most Valuable Player
The School Board, by the way,
was doing was helping other stu~ne of those years' but he was
consists of four anglos and one
dents with their projects. He
Just average. Only about 10 per
japanese. She said something
had decided to do one himself,
like this: •Jn this p rtlcular
but the teacher didn't let him,
cen t of the Chicanos that go out
for
sports
ever
get
awarded
and
case, it's my sone that is being
"It was too late in the year to
when they do it's considered a
affected by the explllsion. The
finish it," he said. Above all
minor thing.
next one may be yours.• She
the noise that the machines in
Mr. Struhl claims Roland chalpractically begged the Board to
there make, along with the other
lenged him and he doesn't like
let her son back In school. Roguys talking, Roland was the only
land refused to go to continuation
th is sort of thing. A teacher
one that was heard. What a
school and his p rents refused to
coincidence!
Mr. New later
is suppased to be ready to accept
let him go. That's all there was
stated that Roland wasn't too
challenges when he decides to
to it.
much trouble.
become a teacher, otherwise he
A lawyer was ppolnted to deThis Mr. New is said to be
will never make a good one, for
fend Roland, Mr. Hendricks. As
that
matter
he
will
never
make
a
rather strict with the students.
a closing speech to the school
good anything.
The truth of the matter is, •es
board, he riminded them that
bien chingon." He says he •rides"
There were two witnesses in
everyone, sometime in their
the gym that heard what went on
the guys until they straighten up.
school life had caused a little
between Roland and Mr. Struhl.
Then he keeps on • riding• them
trouble and talked in class. All
One of them was taken to the
until he gets better results. By
boys are llke that. The never
stand and questioned.
Their
"riding" he means he gets on
got suspended. Was this being
statements agreed.
their backs. ':If I can't handle
fair to Roland. Put yourself
Mr. Brletic, the vice-princithem, who can? •
he stated.
in the shoes of trus boy, he said,
pal of P.H.S. took matters into
Must be a pretty bad dude. He
Wouldn't you like a fair chance
his own hands. He does the job
uses direct threats towards the
to get an education. They were
of the principal and also his,
students. He admits Roland has
depriving Roland of an education
which is part-time teacher and
a tremendous ability. and so
for a month now. What were
vice principal. Therefore, the
do the other teachers, but he's
they going to do about this?
principal has almost no say in the
just not given the chance. The
He's a good student, gets B's
way things are run in his own
teacher claims that while Roand C's out of hls classes and
school office. As a matter or
land was out of school, the class
would like to go on to college,
fact, he's hardly ever around to
was 100 per cent better.
just like they did. This is very
see what actually goes on. He
When admitted back to school,
important to him and he knows he
has to take everybody's word . is capable of it.
Roland was really making an
There was a short recess while
effort to do his work and not for it, no questions asked. It
seems to me he's being paid for
the Board members went in concause any trouble to anyone. It
a job he doesn't even do.
ference, When they finally came
turns out that his History class,
This is ohly Mr. Brletic's first back, it was decided that he
taught by Mrs. Caldera, (an anyear as vice principal and already would be readmitted but with
glo), also a new teacher, was
he's running the whole show.
conditions. He would have to
noisy. I mean all the kids were
Anyway, he claims that Roland
write a 1500 word research paper
making noise. Who gets blamed
has been in and out of the office
on the •History of Education"
for it? Roland, of course. Eviand another one on the Judicial
dently , he's supposed to be at the· ten times this year (he keeps
score) and has been •nothing
System of California, also 1500
head of all the disruptions.
but trouble."
words.
He must also submit
He brushed his hair in class.
Two or three conferences were
to the rules of the school. If
This also bothered the teacher.
held with Roland's parents. The
anything goes wrong, he will
She clai ms he does this consisadministration had made arautomatically be suspended.
tently , but Roland says he only
rangements for Roland to attend
These papers must be in by
did it twice and when she told
continuation school in Selma for
May 8.
him to put the brush away, he
the remainder of the year. The
rt seems to me that the teachdid. The other guys brush their
transportation problem was left
ers that testified were being just
hair also, but it's evident that
up to the parents, of course.
a tiny bit racist and don't care
she likes to pick on him, for
It's a fact that a majority of
to be bothered by anyone that
some reason. She took no disthe
guys
that
attend
continuation
might inconvenience them in any
ciplinary action, whatsoever. It
didn't bother her enough to con- -school don't ever go to college. way. It was said that the teachIt must be a pretty lousy system.
ers are so boring that nobody
tact his parents, •It's not a powants to listen, they fall asleep
But, this is the only way to get
licy of the school• to do so.
or resort to making noise.
rid of Roland and not have to
I mean, why bother, just send
This type of teaching will rebother with him anymore. I
him to the office and get it over
sult to problems to the students
wonder
if
that
system
is
any
with. If she were any kind of
when they enter college. Somebetter than PHS's. That's somea humanitarian, she would've
thing must be done!
thing that has to be considered.
looked into it herself.
Roland says high school isn't a
Mr. Struhl, a first year Phychallenge to him. •what's the
sical Education teacher, fresh
use
of going to school, we keep
out of college was also a characlearning the same things as shen
ter witness at the hearing. He
we were freshmen. The teachwas about to give a wrestling
ers don't even want to hear our
course in p. E. when Roland told
views a lot of times.• There's
him that he couldn't wrestle because he had a weak nose and
it bled easily. The coach's resBE PREPARED
ponse was , •oo you really care?"
and he took off. The other guys
FOR BIG BLUE
were rolling the mats out and
Roland was sitting down watching
them, all alone. Mr. struhl went
up to him and told him he was
going to wrestle and Roland said
he wasn't. Then the coach told
him to shut up and Roland said
Artefactorage • Unicom leather
he didn' t have to because he
r•-~---••••••·•••••,
wasn't talking to anyone. •just
go and teach your class and leave
Sandals
Pottery
me alone,• he said. •1 don't
I Purses
Batik
;
want any trouble.•
Belts
Gadgets
1
I Hats
Wine
I
When the coach testified, he
; Watchbands
Candles
said something completely difI
Jewelry
I
ferent, making it sound like Roland \.;,::1.s giving him a really bad
time, when all he wanted was to
235 N. Fulton Phone 237-6256
stay out of trouble. He also
Said Roland talks a lot in the
• 0 ••fl•MHo.
Th:~
20
MISC INC
I
I
I
I
~.-----------------·
Santa es la Madre
Que me pario, cargandome
ocho meses en el jale
perro
nta es la Madre
Que se mata y sacrifica
tanto para qu me
vista como tecato.
Santa es la Madre
que 11 ga del trabajo
retecansada haciendo
ttque hacer• y ademas la cena
No se cansara mi Madre?
No man
She's a Mex she don't get tired
It's only natural
for a Mexican woman
to love work.
It's in her culture.
Mexicans are hard workers.
God made them for it.
Oh how nice they are.
they never complain
Parele hay!
I tell you cha-le!
My moth r es una Santa,
no es la culpa de el la
that she has to work
herself a la mu rte.
Santa es una Madre Mexicana
quien es el dios
que la esta matando
May the devi I take
los que devcras tienen
la culpa.
Santa es la senora
con todo el respeto
y el amor
de un chi cano.
Meno C/S
EL TAOUITO
ATTENTION!
Teachers - Students
- SUMMER INCOME Part of ful I ti me, can start
part time. Send resume to
Mr. Otterness
P .o. Box 533
Pinedale, California
FINE
MEXICAN
FOOD
715 BROADWAY
233-9833
that have happened in the Movimien~.
Despite all the present bitter
memories, Chicanos are like
those earlier Mexican leaders in
one important sense: They are
fighting a battle which ultimately
has been won.
That is, the
st ruggle for assertion of Mexican American civil rights can
only e nd one way. The hard part
is that th e unfolding of the necessary additional st ages will
continue to be bitter and Will call
for many to play difficult and
different roles.
P11sa■ l11tos
De Otra
Perso■ a
Por Angus Glo
In Mexico people often ask
North American where the
:u.s. President conducts our anual ceremony dedicated to reewal of our heritage. One is
ut in the poslilon of th1nk1ng
about whether there is such a
Human Environment
I
By Manuel Fernandez
In a recent interview With Dr.
D. J. Burdick we covered a few
basic questions on the subject of
pesticides in relation to humans
and the environment.
In the first question I asked if
farm workers had leg 1ti mate
gripes in wanting to ban DDT. I
Certainly the farm worker has
th
1 ht t b
d b t
e r g
o e concerne a ou
it his safety, was the reply. He said
in a State health survey in Tulare
it County 10-20 per cent o!thefield
it workers showed symptoms oforit ganophosphate poisoning. •They
it are being exposed to large dosit ages without being told." He at~ tributes this to the fact that 50
per cent of the spray stayes in
it the air. He also stresses the
~ proper precautions the people
• who use these pesticides should
-it take and that field workers should
: always be warned.
· When asked how DDT rates
: with other poisonous chemicals
-it he stated that DDT is known to
be relatively safe to humans. In
~ its formulation spray it is more
: harmful because of its ability to
dissolve. As of yet there is no
-tt
~ evidence that DDT will have
-tt lethal chronic buildup. DDT is
it stored in the fat and eventually
-tt broken down. Another important
-it aspect Dr. Burdick commented on
-tt was the fact that the banning of
-tt these chlorinated hydrocarbons
-tt will bring a wider use of the
it more toxic organo-phosphates.
it
One of the basic topics covered
it was Dr. Burdick's distinction
it between a specialist and a genit eralist. A specialist, he states,
-tt does not have a wide knowledge
it of environmental ecology. His job
• is only to get rid of the insect
• and once that job is completed
it he does not have to give any
-k further consideration.
On the
ii other hand. a generalist takes
ii man's entire environment into
: view. He takes into consideration
the affect of birds and habitats
: of animals, etc. Specialists can
only take information from tests
-ti on mammals and not the enviro11ment. He says the specialist today should become more of a
generalist and _be aw re of long
range and social consequences.
As to some long range effects
these chemicals have had, Dr.
Burdick informs us that various
species of birds are on their way
to extinction. A few of these victims he attributes to DDT are the
Brown Pelican and the Bald
Eagle. DDT affects their sex
hormones which results in a thinner and weaker egg shell. Part
of the reason DDT has been detrimental to the bird population
is because it tends to adhere to
dust and thus stays in the air.
As to these chemicals he informs
us that •they are being put on the
market so fast we don't have the
time to respond. We need more
research on long range effects."
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affluency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used, A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * •·
central ceremony or place
.
and then realizes there is not. *
one difference between Mexi- *
co and the U.S. is the existence . Jt,
of many symbols and places that
stand for values felt deeply by *
the Mexican.
*
Cinco de Mayo is one of those )fymbols. All Mexican cities have ·*
a street named after the Fifth
f May the date of the first *
--~
successful battle against the
French invaders. Cinco deMayo
As I believe in th e status Quo,
is thus an important symbol of
Conservatism, the American Way
Mexican liberty.
and
Back to the Good Ole
As we enter the week of the
Days philosophy, 1 have been very
Fifth of May, those who feel
distressed by th e recent desimpatia for the Mexican people
velopments int eh U ._s~, and 10 have thought about the meaning * cally, at FSC. Specifically th e
of such symbolism for MexiExperimental College, E th nic
can-Americans in Fresno, Ca- st udies a nd EOP. Since th ese
lifornia.
* programs and ideas are cond ucive
.
tO c h anges Wl,
.._h.rn our
Some people say that MexicanAmericans should not use a sym- : dear FSC, ~ur_ Ed. SyS tem and
bol that had value only for their
eventually w1thrn the U •84 of A.,
th en, 1 am totally againS t these
ancestors back in a different
country. Others, including some : 11ew innovative th reats to our
Chicano leaders feel that any
t>eautiful society. I am not a
c:ramatic expres~ion of a deeply : ,·acist , however, _1 do believe
Ldlt Mexican value should be
iach person has his place. As
Kapt and passed on to help de- : L result, I th ink th at no th ing more
,·elop a sense of identity for a
:hould be done for th ese so called
fi•:!Ople who in this country have * n i no~iTie~. Any program~ any
, ~en deprived of a culture as * ~,rganizat~o~ or attem~t at_mm_orell as in other ways.
,._ ity organizing or uniflcatlon is a
An Anglo who has simpatia for • th reat to my philosophy: Ther~t11e Mexican culturewhetherhere
fore, I am very much rn grahu.r in Mexico therefore has mixed * rnd e to men like Nixon, Rear1~actions about the role of a
g-an, Falk a nd Fikes for th eir
s_rmbol like Cinco de Mayo. On * <iedication to. th is same philotl1e one hand, he knows that part * --;ophy · Especially to th0se teruof the problem in the past has
<:ious militants (Horrors) wit hin
bt~en too much emphasis on sym- * th e minorities who have been
liols and forms that are empty
partially in st rume_ntal in prei II application. On the other hand, * venting th e FSC Chicano students
it seems thatadditionalemphasis * from succesSfully unifying a nd
o".l symbols related to sincerely
worklnR toge th <'r. Th,rnk :vmi aJl
:11d deeply felt values connected
*
*
'\ith the Mexican people should
l•e supported.
•
I for one am in favor of the
Lttter approach. Although given
1 hicanos may not care that much
Ronald Reagan, the TV cowboy,
. bout the past problems of deal1as no sympathy for his people,
i 1g with the French, focusing ori
Jr the people of California. Inl inco de Mayo shows respect for
stead of upgrading his people he
, ·ne example of sincere human
is degrading them and taking their
J.,ride. And respect for human
right to assemble peacefully and
l1?elings is important for Chithe right to protest his regime.
<·anos as for any group fighting
Like Falk, he doesn't want to be
for its civil and economic rights.
seen speaking with the poor man
Maybe the real problem is that
who supports him. As long as the
;\,lexican-Americans do not yet
~at has a good monetary income
have widely known heroes or sacF'alk or Reagan could give a hell
red places of battle in this counif he's seen with him. Money
try. As the Movimiento takes
sn't everything as we all know,
it.s natural course, it may be
but he tends to believe so. The
that everging leaders and bettle-rnoney that Reagan is spending on
grounds will in the future be
us or I should say against us is
celebrated in place of events like
,,ur own tax money. To me the
Cinco de Mayo. For the time
upper class is no different than
13ing it is good to draw upon
t-he lower class.
aU possible sources of cultural
Instead of our government beclentification and expression.
ing run by the people and for the
As we look back to those days
people it's being run by one man
o:f struggle in the 1860's, one has
against the people. Although you
o think that those Mexican leadmay tend to believe that we are
ers were •together• in the sense
ahead in our government you are
that they knew what they were
being misled, we are lower in
doing. As good leaders, they
government standards than the
must have been able to assess
Soviet Union. The U.S.S.R. has a
their gains as well as their
democracy that has surpassed
losses.
and gone beyond our democracy.
When one is involved in the
This year when you vote pick a
truggle and frictions of the Mogood man, not one that will bust
imienbl, it may be easy to
your head or that of your childevelop a sense of frustration
dren when he comes to your town
nd a negative attitude. During
as he did here in Fresno, "The
a Semana de La Raza I hope
All America City."
hicanos can take stock of the
ains as well as the bad things
d
Goo
*
o Ie
* Days
**
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
***** **** * * * *
REAGAN•
TV Cowboy
WANT ADS
Furn 2 BR across from dorms
share w/3 others $45. 439-6481
Dun I op knobby ti re $1 o. Honda
350 Scrambler pipes $30, or will
trade both for 350 Street pipes.
224-2796 after 4 PM
•
•
..
dmage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. •why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill.• In this case, spot spraying
would be of more value than preventive spraying.
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affiuency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used. A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
damage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. "Why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill?• In this case spot spraying
would be of more value thanpreventive spraying.
Theoretically, he believes pesticides can be done away with
and .,unaffluent" people can still
survive. He supports this theory
partly by the evidence of the
present surplus. One example he
gives is the recent burning of
five million pounds of potatoes in
Idaho. Another interesting point
he brings up is that of substituting
such crops as tobacco and cotton
for food.
In conclusion, chemicals, he
believes, for the most part have
been misused. To climax the discussion, Dr. Burdick asks, • Are
we trying to make a world today
that is good for us but bad for
our children or good for us today
and §-ood for our chilcir~n?"
us ••• •• a s nc a •
-LOW RATESNEWPORT ARMS
Now I easing for
Summer & Fall
- MGR. POSITION
OPENING SCX)N
Across from FSC
Married Couple only
Con tact Manager,
2067 E. Shaw, or
Phone 224-4842
Breakthrough
The first break through
tween the United Farm Workbe.
Organizing Committee and ers
grape growers has finally the
.
come
about • When Just a year ago the
growers in the Coachella Vall
stated that they would never ey
contracts with the UFWoc. U:~!n
any circumstances. Now f r
our
growers have signed contracts•
David Freedman, Charles Freect~
man, Keene K. Larson and C
cil C. Larson.
e.
The four ranches cover appro.
ximately 1220 acres and employ
1054 workers at harvest ti
Th ey most important aspectm~
in
the three year contracts are the
Health and Safety provisions. A
Health and Safety Commutee,
ma d e up of Union members can
participate in the policY-maJtin
of the company regarding Which
how, when, and where pesticide~
are used.
What does all this mean, that
the boycott Will be Called Off?
No, it means that after au th~
hard work the farm workers put
into the •causa" the work is finally paying off. They no longer
have to argue with anyone when
it is said that the boycott has
been a complete failure. rt
hasn't been a failure! It was
a success because these contracts opened the way for further
negotiations.
The farm workers are happy
and ask you to keep supporting
the boycott. Remember, you can
buy union grapes now. Look
for the lables to see that you
are not buying SCRAB GRAPES!
LOS CHARRITOS
FINE MEXICAN FOOD
4069 E. Ashlan Ave.
224-3929
SPECIALS
NYLON
WIND BREAKERS
All Sizes
Assorted Colors
395
CANVAS BAG
for carrying
BOOKS
9 5(
WHITE 1 NAVY & STRI PES
BELL BOTTOM
TROUSERS
349
AIR FORCE
SUN
229
GLASSES
NAVY
895
PEA COATS
only
up
& up
NAVY SHIRTS
OPPORTUNITY
ALL
New chemic al company
looking for qualified personnel to help in statewide
expansion. Constant part
time,
SIZES
Send resume to:
MR. OTTERNESS
DESERT
TYPE
SHOES
G.I. FIELD
JACKETS
FALL LEASING
For new Apts. across
from FSC
UFW
THE TACO SHACK
REAL MEXICAN
TACOS
BURRITOS
Our Specialty Order To Go
1011 N. Fresno
268-9427
195
595
495
Most complete stock of
Jackets - and sizes in
the Valley.
WAR SURPLUS DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
OPEN SUNDAYS
The Emperor of France, NaNapoleon III of France during
poleon III, wanted to occupy this period, was faced with unrest
Mexico. In May 1862 French among his own Franch people, and
General Laurencez started his desperately was in need of a vicmarch from Veracruz to the torious war in order to reassure
capital, Mexico City. The French his position as emperor of
army consisted of 6,000 well France. He therefore made adearmed soldiers.
The French mand of a fantastic sum of monarmy's only probably obstacle ey (12 million pesos) upon the
on the way to Mexico City was Mexican government hoping that
the city of Puebla, which was Mexico would be unable to pay
situated directly on the path of and be forced to engage itself in
General Laurencez' march and a war with all three countries
which was defended by approxi- England, Spain and F ran c e '
mately 4,000 ill-:equipped Mexi- whereupon France would ulti~
can troops under the commandof mately emerge victorious. Howthe now famous Mexican General ever, when England and Spain
Ignacio Zaragoza. The French realized that if they proceeded
general, confident that the battle as planned it would surely lead
seasoned troops under his com- to dangerous con fl i ct with
mand we re far superior to the France, decided it would not be
almost amateuristic M ex i can worthwhile and abandoned the
forces , probably expected little dangerous venture 1 ea vi n g
or no opposition from the Mexi- France to continue alone with its
can army. However, on that his- selfish plans of conquest. For
toric day in Puebla, May 5, 1862, Napoleon III was not only planthe French army, which had not ning to build himself an empire
suffered a defeat in half a cen- in Mexico, but was actually looktury against Europe'~ finest ing ahead to then aiding the Southtroops, was to suffer a disastrous ern States in their fight against ,
defeat at the hands of an out- the North in order to procure the
numbered , ill equipped, and South's cotton which was much
ragged but highly spirited and needed by France, and possibly
had visions of later building a
courageous Mexican force.
This day, May 5, 1862, has French Empire inNorthAmerica
since become one of Mexico's as well.
But Napoleon III was not desmost celebrated national holidays and celebrated annually by tined to see his visions of granalmost all Mexicans (and Mexi- deur materialize. As General :
can-Americans) north and south Laurencez arrived from France
with a large army, Napoleon III
of theU.S.-Mexican border. The
battle of Puebla is but one of sent one of his emissaries to set
many such battles which these up a provisional government in
courageous people have had to Mexico, withhimselfasemperor,
overcome in their long and brave and proceeded in commanding the
struggle for independence and French army to occupy Mexico
City.
•
freedom.
The French General, a proud c:.J
In order to understand the
Mexican people's fervent feeling and glorified officer and veteran
towards this Mexican national of many great victories, had only
holiday (May 5, 1862), it is contempt for General Ignacio
necessary to acquaint ourselves zargoza and his •lowly" Mexiwith some of the reasons behind can army that awaited the
this intense and urgent compul- French's •superior" forces in
sion to commemorate the heroic Puebla. On that historid day,
efforts of these Mexican heroes May 5, 1862, the French General
among which were Benito Juarez, gave the order to attack Puebla,
Ignacio Zaragoza, Gonzales Or- and to ridicule the Mexican's
raggedy troops, who were mostly
tega, and many others.
In the year 1862, Mexico's equipped with antiquated guns,
President Benito Juarez, was directed his attack to the middle
faced with a tremendous national of the Mexican defense which was
debt and a treasury which con- General zargoza's strongest posisted of very meager funds and sition. After three bloody asfound it necessary to suspend saults upon Puebla (in which over
payment of the nation a 1 debt. a thousand gallant Frenchmen
Since the American Civil War futilely lost their lives) the once
was in progress at this time, and handomely uniformed French
this in effect negated the provi- troops were finally defeated and
humiliated were driven back by
sions of the Monroe Doctrine,
the outnumbered Mexican troops.
Mexico's principal creditors The courageous and heroic spirit
Spain, England, and France that General zargoza and his men
attempted to take advantage of
displayed during this historic
this situation and under the prebattle, can never be forgotten.
tense of collecting a debt sought
The battle of Cinco de Mayo in
to impose a monarch of their own
which many brave Mexicans willchoice upon a seemingly helpless
ingly gave their lives for the
country.
cause of justice and freedom, was
instrumental in keeping the
Americans from once again falling under complete European
control. For this reason, in commemoration and in honor of our
undaunted Mexican ancestors who
gave so much of themselves in
order that we remain free, on
every fifth day on May we should
all be proud to shout, •VIVA
MEXICO!"
I'
-·
...
/,liiC,
8/ Pl11n 8spirit1111/ :De Azt!lllt
In the spirit of a new people that is conscious not only of its proud historical
heritage, but also of the brutal "Gringo" inva ion of our territories. We. the Chicano
inhabitants and civilizer of the northe;n land of Aztlan, from whence came our forefathers, reclaiming the land of their birth and consecrating the determination of our
people of the sun, Declare that the call of our bloud is our power our responsibility
and our inevitable destiny.
We are free and sovereign to determine those tasks which are justly called for
by our house, our land, the sweat of our brows and by our hearts. Az tlim belongs
to those that plant the seeds, water the fields, and gather the crops, and not to the
foreign Europeans.
We do not recognize capricious frontiers on the Bronze Continent.
Brotherhood units us, and love for our brothers makes us a people whose time
has come and who struggles against the foreigner "Gabacho" who exploits our riches
and destroys our culture. With our heart in our hands and our hands in the soil,
We Declare the Independence of our Mestizo Nation. We are a Bronze People with a
Bronze Culture. Before the world, before all of North America, before all our
brothers in the Bronze Continent, We are a Nation. We are a Union of free pueblos.
We are Aztlan.
Por La Raza Todo
I
Fuera de la Raza Nada
Tax Structure
Injustice to Campesinos
As we celebrate Mejico's "In,,tependence• from E u rope an
domination, Chicanos acknowledge, as we look at our people,
that true freedom can never be
expressed until the chains of
oppression, the acts of genocide ,
the systematic destruction of our
culture, are broken. The struggle
for freedom continues in the
barrios, welfare agencies, police
stations, butchering county hospitals, public schools, and in the
agricultural fields of Aztlan. If
we should honor anything this
week it should be the campesinos
in Delano. We •educated• Chicanos can sell out anytime but
to whom does the campesino sell
out to? The absence of justice
for the campesinos is evident, but
besides the denial of collective
bargaining, better wages, proper
sanitation, and pesticidal control,
other forms of direct discrimination are sometimes not seen.
With the evident burden of injustices the present federal income
tax structure is completely tyrannical as far as justice is concerned.
There seems to be a tremendous misconception among wellinformed individuals that campesinos, on account of their low
wages, do not pay taxes. Is the
federal income tax structure so
fair as to exclude campesinos
from its requirements? For instance, a single cam.pesino earning $2,000 per year, by law is
required to pay $163 federal income tax. Try to survive in modern Anglo society on $2,000 per
year and paying $163 tribute. Another example is the deduction
allowable for transportation. It's
a well known fact that campesinos travel the length and
breadth of the land harvesting
crops. The government allows a
deduction of seven cents on each
gallon of gas, government employees, on the other hand, are
allowed 1O cents a mile besides
their salary paid by taxpayers.
Businessmen are allowed 10
cents a mile deduction. Ifwe calculate these figures, a campesino, according to law, if he
travels 15,000 miles he is allowed a deduction more or less
of $60. Government employees
are paid $1, 500 for the same
amount of miles . Businessmen
are allowed $1,500 deduction.
This ls the equality of the system.
Another denied right has been
the protection of unemployment
insurance. Let's, for example,
take a campesino, earning$4,000
per year. According to federal
statute again, he must pay $496
federal income tax. If he earns
this same amount in nine months
he must survive the remaining
three months of the year on his
savings. The industrial worker,
on the other hand, earnlng$4,000
in nine months, but being protected by unemployment insurance, collects $800 in benefits.
Thus the industrial worker has a
total income of $4,800 and the
campesino has an inc om e of
$4,000 and ironically both pay
the same tax of $496. Incidentally, a topless dancer is protected
by unemployment insurance.
What kind of damn system de
these honkies operate when a
topless dancer can be protected
against unemployment and those
who feed us are denied that right?
In my estimation the tax structure, in relation to the campesinos, is based on robbery by the
government. It is also my estimation that the tribute of the income tax is illegal because of the
campesino's denied rights; therefore, all payments made by campesinos to the government should
be reimbursed with interest. Taxation without rights is tyranny,
and if I am not mistaken, this
was what the Anglo revolution
was all about.
We, as La Raza, know the
struggle continues and will never
end until we possess TIERRA Y
LIBERTAD. Carnales, before we
shout viva el Cinco de Mayo,
let's cry out: Viva La Revolucion! Viva El Campesino!
E. Cueller
MONDAY, MAY 4th, 1970
ART EXHIBIT:
Speech Art Cases
Ed-Psych Cases
(All) Student cases
ee.
MOVIES:
•r am Joaquin" •.•.• 10:00 a.m.
•Huelga" .•.•.•.•. 11:00 a.m.
"Pedro Paramo". . • . 1:00 p.m.
SPEAKERS:
at the amphitheatre
1:00 p.m. Marina Vidaurri, R.D.c.
1:30 p.m. Bob Arroyo, F.C.C.
2:00 p.m. Reports
LUNCH:
Will be served free of charge to the gener
public at Baker Hall.
a1
Movies will be shown in the Student Union.
Rooms 312, 313, 314.
TUESDAY, MAY 5th, 1970
MARIACHIS
At the Free Speech Area from 9:00 to 10:00 a.m.
Selected Junior Colleges and High Schools Will
repoft on their activities in their respective
campuses.
DANCE:
To be held at Baker Hall from 5:00 until 7:00 p.m.
FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY, MAY 8th, 9th, 10th
The public is invited to attend the Fiesta that
will take place in back of the Court House from
6:00 until 11:00 p.m. 28 organizations will sell
•comida mejicana•. There will be music by
groups such as: Beto Garcia and his G.G. 's,
Roosevelt High Marima Band, the Mixtlecos and
also a rock band.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 6th, 1970
This day is proclaimed ADELIT A DAY
MARIACHIS
Will play from 10:00 until 10:30 followed by:
DEDICATION
The dedication will be a picture of a True
Adelita (a woman who fought in the 'revolucion'
beside her 'hombre'.) The picture was painted
by C res Hernandez.
TEA TRO FESTIVAL
These days will collectively form the Teatro
Festival which will not only consist of groups
throughout California but also Texas and New
York.
TEATROS:
El Grupo de poesia coral de Mascarones •.•
Mesico
Nuevo Teatro Pobre de America .•. Puerto Rico
Los reveladores del Tercer Mundo •. New York
Teatro Bilingue •.• University of Texas
Teatro Urbano ••• San Jose
Teatro de los Actos ••• Oakland
Teatro Triste .•• Oakland
Teatro de la Vida o Muerte ••• Long Beach
Teatro de A ztlan ••. San Diego
Teatro Aztlan ••• San Fernando Valley
Teatro Campesino ••. Fresno
Note •.• 160 performers
....
M.A.P .A. will not Endorse
By Jesus C. Marquez
ALBERT'S
The Mexican-American Political Association, which held its
flrst preprimary endorsement
convention in the Hotel Californian on April 17, 18 and 19, is
through giving its blessings to
candidates and getting nothing in
return.
For too long, Californians of
Mexican descent have endorsed
traditional 1 i be r al candidates
from the Democratic party merely because they are friends.
These FRIENDS have been asking
for years for support from the
RAZA, but in return have not
endorsed LA RAZA.
Delegates to the MexicanAmerican Political Association
LOU'S BARBERS
BONDS
MEN'S HAIUSTl:"LING
The Method Preferred by
Hollywood Celebrities
FIENZAS
PARA ENCARCELADOS
Shaw-West Shopping Center
Haircut!. $2.S0 1 12 & under $2 .00
Sat. $2.25
--•--
Ph. 22UJ945
SERYICIO
DIA Y NOCHE
2087 W. Shaw
--•--
heard calls for "racial awareness" and for re-examination of
the two-party system.
Speaker after speaker called
on delegates to discard the Democratic and Republican parties
and concentrate on e I e ct i n g
Americans of Mexican descent,
regardless of party.
Dr. Julian Nava, running for
state superintendent of public
instruction, said, •one party is
hardly better than the other.•
Nava was greeted by cheers and
cries of "Viva LA RAZA." as he
described white liberals who
won't support him as •gutless
wonders."
Edmund G. Brown, Jr., candidate for the Democratic nomination for secretary of state,
charged 200 ,000 Spanish-speaking Californians are being disenfranchised because of inaction
at the state level.
He noted a recent state supreme court decision giving
Spanish-speaking persons the
right to vote "is almost worth-
THE FRANCO
TACO HOUSE
SERVICIO
EN TODAS PARTES
DEL PAIS
259 N. BLACKSTONE AVE.
DANCE GROUP
Marachis dance groups will perform in the
Student Union Lounge at 10:00 a.m. until 12•
p.m. Sponsored by the Fine Arts Commttt·0o
Art (painting, wood work, pottery, and etc.)
will be provided by high school students
and students from City College and Fresno
and Fresno State College.
LUNCH:
Phone 237-3532
486-1850
THURSDAY, MAY 7th, 1970
SPEAKERS:
SCHEDULE:
1 L:00 a.m. Senorita Cecilia Pedroza •.•
Friday & Saturday ••• at the amphitheatre
from Los Angeles .•. running for ..•
10:00-12:00 workshops
the office of Lt. Governor •..
1 :00- 2:30 workshops
11:30 a.m. Senora Margrita Cruz •• ,
3:00- 5:00 performance
from San Francisco ..• one of the
Regional Directors of the statewide
Sunday ... at Kearney Park
organization called M.A.P.A.
12:00 to?
(Mexican-American Political Assn.)
1:00 p.m. Senorita Corine S nchez •.•
from the University of Long Beach .•. . . ,
student in the Chicano Movement
I• I
SANCHEZ & HALL MORTUARY
1022 B St.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
•
ALBERTO RAMIREZ
PROPIETARIO
FRESNO
Discos
Mexicanos
Soul ♦ Rock
o 4 & 8 track ta
551 Ventura Av
''THE FINEST TACOS"
826 POLLASKI,
CLOVIS
PH: 299-6431
....
•••
.....
less" unless voting roaching instruction, candidate designations
and ballot arguments are printed
in Spanish.
A speech by Jose Angel Guiterrez of La Raza Unida Party in
Crystal City, Texas, brought a
standing ovation and cries of
"Power to the People!" as he
called for formation of a third
party.
Ricardo Romo, a candidate for
governor under the Peace and
Freedom Party, evoked loud
clapping when he lashed out at
the Republican and Democratic
parties. "We can no longer work
in the belly of the whale,• he
said, alluding to the parties. •Get
out and see (that) it is the monster that swallowed us a long
time ago."
Romo's endorsement by MAPA
could be the first step toward
formation of a La Raza Unida
Party for Spanish-speaking candidates only.
Resolutions calling for the impeachment of San Jose Judge
Gernold s. Chargin for remarks
made about Americans of Mexican descent , opposing tuition in
the state colleges and university,
and advising Phil Sanchez that the
Chicano Communities are aware
of his vote for tuition, were
adopted by delegates.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week. excet
holidays and examination penodsci;
the Fresno State College Asso
tion. Mail subscriptions $8 a s~r,es·
ter, $ 15 a year. Editorial o ic~,
Business 235 , telephone 487-217 ·
Business office, College Union 31 6 ,
telephone 487"'2266.
Vidory...
just no preparation tor college,
that's all there ts to lt. Roland
, ,gym. Who doesn't? Thi h
says the teachers have just run
A chtcano student from Parpened on a Frida; mor~ apout of things to do. The students
lier High School was suspended
mid-day.
g or
have resorted to throwing papers
from school for being •defiant•,
On Monday, Roland was called
and erasers around in class and
so they say.
into the office. He asked wh
to the teacher, and they also talk
on March 4, Roland De La They gave him no reason.
a lot.
cerda was suspended from school
it was decided that he wouid be
Then there was a recess. one
for •enjoying the sunshine• dursuspended for the remainder of
or the Board Members had to go
the yea Wh
to his place of employment and
ing his woodshop class. This is
.
r•
Y? Because of the
supposedly considered a cut. The
mcident that happened three days
check up on the workers and
reason is that this guy didn't
ago, a minor incident, that wasn't
things like that. Should a man
have anything to do in there.
important enough to report the
like this be a Bo rd Member?
He would not be admitted to school
same day it happened? Or was 1t
He should be able to dedicate
until his parents came to school
~omething else? Maybe, they
some time to a student n need.
and had a conference with the
Just don't want him around school.
After everyone has testifled
vice principal.
Anyway, he was suspended,
against Roland, his mother went
Mr, New, a first year woodMr. Struhl was asked if he
on the stand. She asked for an
thought Roland was a g"'JCI athinterpretor so that the Board
shop teacher, was a character
lete. His reply was •average •
could understand her and at the
witness at the hearing. He said
Roland was being •disruptive and
He's only received
letters ~n
same time, the community people
basketball in three years and was
would know what she had to say.
a nuisance in class." All he
awarded Most Valuable Player
The School Board, by the way,
was doing was helping other stu~ne of those years' but he was
consists of four anglos and one
dents with their projects. He
Just average. Only about 10 per
japanese. She said something
had decided to do one himself,
like this: •Jn this p rtlcular
but the teacher didn't let him,
cen t of the Chicanos that go out
for
sports
ever
get
awarded
and
case, it's my sone that is being
"It was too late in the year to
when they do it's considered a
affected by the explllsion. The
finish it," he said. Above all
minor thing.
next one may be yours.• She
the noise that the machines in
Mr. Struhl claims Roland chalpractically begged the Board to
there make, along with the other
lenged him and he doesn't like
let her son back In school. Roguys talking, Roland was the only
land refused to go to continuation
th is sort of thing. A teacher
one that was heard. What a
school and his p rents refused to
coincidence!
Mr. New later
is suppased to be ready to accept
let him go. That's all there was
stated that Roland wasn't too
challenges when he decides to
to it.
much trouble.
become a teacher, otherwise he
A lawyer was ppolnted to deThis Mr. New is said to be
will never make a good one, for
fend Roland, Mr. Hendricks. As
that
matter
he
will
never
make
a
rather strict with the students.
a closing speech to the school
good anything.
The truth of the matter is, •es
board, he riminded them that
bien chingon." He says he •rides"
There were two witnesses in
everyone, sometime in their
the gym that heard what went on
the guys until they straighten up.
school life had caused a little
between Roland and Mr. Struhl.
Then he keeps on • riding• them
trouble and talked in class. All
One of them was taken to the
until he gets better results. By
boys are llke that. The never
stand and questioned.
Their
"riding" he means he gets on
got suspended. Was this being
statements agreed.
their backs. ':If I can't handle
fair to Roland. Put yourself
Mr. Brletic, the vice-princithem, who can? •
he stated.
in the shoes of trus boy, he said,
pal of P.H.S. took matters into
Must be a pretty bad dude. He
Wouldn't you like a fair chance
his own hands. He does the job
uses direct threats towards the
to get an education. They were
of the principal and also his,
students. He admits Roland has
depriving Roland of an education
which is part-time teacher and
a tremendous ability. and so
for a month now. What were
vice principal. Therefore, the
do the other teachers, but he's
they going to do about this?
principal has almost no say in the
just not given the chance. The
He's a good student, gets B's
way things are run in his own
teacher claims that while Roand C's out of hls classes and
school office. As a matter or
land was out of school, the class
would like to go on to college,
fact, he's hardly ever around to
was 100 per cent better.
just like they did. This is very
see what actually goes on. He
When admitted back to school,
important to him and he knows he
has to take everybody's word . is capable of it.
Roland was really making an
There was a short recess while
effort to do his work and not for it, no questions asked. It
seems to me he's being paid for
the Board members went in concause any trouble to anyone. It
a job he doesn't even do.
ference, When they finally came
turns out that his History class,
This is ohly Mr. Brletic's first back, it was decided that he
taught by Mrs. Caldera, (an anyear as vice principal and already would be readmitted but with
glo), also a new teacher, was
he's running the whole show.
conditions. He would have to
noisy. I mean all the kids were
Anyway, he claims that Roland
write a 1500 word research paper
making noise. Who gets blamed
has been in and out of the office
on the •History of Education"
for it? Roland, of course. Eviand another one on the Judicial
dently , he's supposed to be at the· ten times this year (he keeps
score) and has been •nothing
System of California, also 1500
head of all the disruptions.
but trouble."
words.
He must also submit
He brushed his hair in class.
Two or three conferences were
to the rules of the school. If
This also bothered the teacher.
held with Roland's parents. The
anything goes wrong, he will
She clai ms he does this consisadministration had made arautomatically be suspended.
tently , but Roland says he only
rangements for Roland to attend
These papers must be in by
did it twice and when she told
continuation school in Selma for
May 8.
him to put the brush away, he
the remainder of the year. The
rt seems to me that the teachdid. The other guys brush their
transportation problem was left
ers that testified were being just
hair also, but it's evident that
up to the parents, of course.
a tiny bit racist and don't care
she likes to pick on him, for
It's a fact that a majority of
to be bothered by anyone that
some reason. She took no disthe
guys
that
attend
continuation
might inconvenience them in any
ciplinary action, whatsoever. It
didn't bother her enough to con- -school don't ever go to college. way. It was said that the teachIt must be a pretty lousy system.
ers are so boring that nobody
tact his parents, •It's not a powants to listen, they fall asleep
But, this is the only way to get
licy of the school• to do so.
or resort to making noise.
rid of Roland and not have to
I mean, why bother, just send
This type of teaching will rebother with him anymore. I
him to the office and get it over
sult to problems to the students
wonder
if
that
system
is
any
with. If she were any kind of
when they enter college. Somebetter than PHS's. That's somea humanitarian, she would've
thing must be done!
thing that has to be considered.
looked into it herself.
Roland says high school isn't a
Mr. Struhl, a first year Phychallenge to him. •what's the
sical Education teacher, fresh
use
of going to school, we keep
out of college was also a characlearning the same things as shen
ter witness at the hearing. He
we were freshmen. The teachwas about to give a wrestling
ers don't even want to hear our
course in p. E. when Roland told
views a lot of times.• There's
him that he couldn't wrestle because he had a weak nose and
it bled easily. The coach's resBE PREPARED
ponse was , •oo you really care?"
and he took off. The other guys
FOR BIG BLUE
were rolling the mats out and
Roland was sitting down watching
them, all alone. Mr. struhl went
up to him and told him he was
going to wrestle and Roland said
he wasn't. Then the coach told
him to shut up and Roland said
Artefactorage • Unicom leather
he didn' t have to because he
r•-~---••••••·•••••,
wasn't talking to anyone. •just
go and teach your class and leave
Sandals
Pottery
me alone,• he said. •1 don't
I Purses
Batik
;
want any trouble.•
Belts
Gadgets
1
I Hats
Wine
I
When the coach testified, he
; Watchbands
Candles
said something completely difI
Jewelry
I
ferent, making it sound like Roland \.;,::1.s giving him a really bad
time, when all he wanted was to
235 N. Fulton Phone 237-6256
stay out of trouble. He also
Said Roland talks a lot in the
• 0 ••fl•MHo.
Th:~
20
MISC INC
I
I
I
I
~.-----------------·
Santa es la Madre
Que me pario, cargandome
ocho meses en el jale
perro
nta es la Madre
Que se mata y sacrifica
tanto para qu me
vista como tecato.
Santa es la Madre
que 11 ga del trabajo
retecansada haciendo
ttque hacer• y ademas la cena
No se cansara mi Madre?
No man
She's a Mex she don't get tired
It's only natural
for a Mexican woman
to love work.
It's in her culture.
Mexicans are hard workers.
God made them for it.
Oh how nice they are.
they never complain
Parele hay!
I tell you cha-le!
My moth r es una Santa,
no es la culpa de el la
that she has to work
herself a la mu rte.
Santa es una Madre Mexicana
quien es el dios
que la esta matando
May the devi I take
los que devcras tienen
la culpa.
Santa es la senora
con todo el respeto
y el amor
de un chi cano.
Meno C/S
EL TAOUITO
ATTENTION!
Teachers - Students
- SUMMER INCOME Part of ful I ti me, can start
part time. Send resume to
Mr. Otterness
P .o. Box 533
Pinedale, California
FINE
MEXICAN
FOOD
715 BROADWAY
233-9833
that have happened in the Movimien~.
Despite all the present bitter
memories, Chicanos are like
those earlier Mexican leaders in
one important sense: They are
fighting a battle which ultimately
has been won.
That is, the
st ruggle for assertion of Mexican American civil rights can
only e nd one way. The hard part
is that th e unfolding of the necessary additional st ages will
continue to be bitter and Will call
for many to play difficult and
different roles.
P11sa■ l11tos
De Otra
Perso■ a
Por Angus Glo
In Mexico people often ask
North American where the
:u.s. President conducts our anual ceremony dedicated to reewal of our heritage. One is
ut in the poslilon of th1nk1ng
about whether there is such a
Human Environment
I
By Manuel Fernandez
In a recent interview With Dr.
D. J. Burdick we covered a few
basic questions on the subject of
pesticides in relation to humans
and the environment.
In the first question I asked if
farm workers had leg 1ti mate
gripes in wanting to ban DDT. I
Certainly the farm worker has
th
1 ht t b
d b t
e r g
o e concerne a ou
it his safety, was the reply. He said
in a State health survey in Tulare
it County 10-20 per cent o!thefield
it workers showed symptoms oforit ganophosphate poisoning. •They
it are being exposed to large dosit ages without being told." He at~ tributes this to the fact that 50
per cent of the spray stayes in
it the air. He also stresses the
~ proper precautions the people
• who use these pesticides should
-it take and that field workers should
: always be warned.
· When asked how DDT rates
: with other poisonous chemicals
-it he stated that DDT is known to
be relatively safe to humans. In
~ its formulation spray it is more
: harmful because of its ability to
dissolve. As of yet there is no
-tt
~ evidence that DDT will have
-tt lethal chronic buildup. DDT is
it stored in the fat and eventually
-tt broken down. Another important
-it aspect Dr. Burdick commented on
-tt was the fact that the banning of
-tt these chlorinated hydrocarbons
-tt will bring a wider use of the
it more toxic organo-phosphates.
it
One of the basic topics covered
it was Dr. Burdick's distinction
it between a specialist and a genit eralist. A specialist, he states,
-tt does not have a wide knowledge
it of environmental ecology. His job
• is only to get rid of the insect
• and once that job is completed
it he does not have to give any
-k further consideration.
On the
ii other hand. a generalist takes
ii man's entire environment into
: view. He takes into consideration
the affect of birds and habitats
: of animals, etc. Specialists can
only take information from tests
-ti on mammals and not the enviro11ment. He says the specialist today should become more of a
generalist and _be aw re of long
range and social consequences.
As to some long range effects
these chemicals have had, Dr.
Burdick informs us that various
species of birds are on their way
to extinction. A few of these victims he attributes to DDT are the
Brown Pelican and the Bald
Eagle. DDT affects their sex
hormones which results in a thinner and weaker egg shell. Part
of the reason DDT has been detrimental to the bird population
is because it tends to adhere to
dust and thus stays in the air.
As to these chemicals he informs
us that •they are being put on the
market so fast we don't have the
time to respond. We need more
research on long range effects."
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affluency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used, A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * •·
central ceremony or place
.
and then realizes there is not. *
one difference between Mexi- *
co and the U.S. is the existence . Jt,
of many symbols and places that
stand for values felt deeply by *
the Mexican.
*
Cinco de Mayo is one of those )fymbols. All Mexican cities have ·*
a street named after the Fifth
f May the date of the first *
--~
successful battle against the
French invaders. Cinco deMayo
As I believe in th e status Quo,
is thus an important symbol of
Conservatism, the American Way
Mexican liberty.
and
Back to the Good Ole
As we enter the week of the
Days philosophy, 1 have been very
Fifth of May, those who feel
distressed by th e recent desimpatia for the Mexican people
velopments int eh U ._s~, and 10 have thought about the meaning * cally, at FSC. Specifically th e
of such symbolism for MexiExperimental College, E th nic
can-Americans in Fresno, Ca- st udies a nd EOP. Since th ese
lifornia.
* programs and ideas are cond ucive
.
tO c h anges Wl,
.._h.rn our
Some people say that MexicanAmericans should not use a sym- : dear FSC, ~ur_ Ed. SyS tem and
bol that had value only for their
eventually w1thrn the U •84 of A.,
th en, 1 am totally againS t these
ancestors back in a different
country. Others, including some : 11ew innovative th reats to our
Chicano leaders feel that any
t>eautiful society. I am not a
c:ramatic expres~ion of a deeply : ,·acist , however, _1 do believe
Ldlt Mexican value should be
iach person has his place. As
Kapt and passed on to help de- : L result, I th ink th at no th ing more
,·elop a sense of identity for a
:hould be done for th ese so called
fi•:!Ople who in this country have * n i no~iTie~. Any program~ any
, ~en deprived of a culture as * ~,rganizat~o~ or attem~t at_mm_orell as in other ways.
,._ ity organizing or uniflcatlon is a
An Anglo who has simpatia for • th reat to my philosophy: Ther~t11e Mexican culturewhetherhere
fore, I am very much rn grahu.r in Mexico therefore has mixed * rnd e to men like Nixon, Rear1~actions about the role of a
g-an, Falk a nd Fikes for th eir
s_rmbol like Cinco de Mayo. On * <iedication to. th is same philotl1e one hand, he knows that part * --;ophy · Especially to th0se teruof the problem in the past has
<:ious militants (Horrors) wit hin
bt~en too much emphasis on sym- * th e minorities who have been
liols and forms that are empty
partially in st rume_ntal in prei II application. On the other hand, * venting th e FSC Chicano students
it seems thatadditionalemphasis * from succesSfully unifying a nd
o".l symbols related to sincerely
worklnR toge th <'r. Th,rnk :vmi aJl
:11d deeply felt values connected
*
*
'\ith the Mexican people should
l•e supported.
•
I for one am in favor of the
Lttter approach. Although given
1 hicanos may not care that much
Ronald Reagan, the TV cowboy,
. bout the past problems of deal1as no sympathy for his people,
i 1g with the French, focusing ori
Jr the people of California. Inl inco de Mayo shows respect for
stead of upgrading his people he
, ·ne example of sincere human
is degrading them and taking their
J.,ride. And respect for human
right to assemble peacefully and
l1?elings is important for Chithe right to protest his regime.
<·anos as for any group fighting
Like Falk, he doesn't want to be
for its civil and economic rights.
seen speaking with the poor man
Maybe the real problem is that
who supports him. As long as the
;\,lexican-Americans do not yet
~at has a good monetary income
have widely known heroes or sacF'alk or Reagan could give a hell
red places of battle in this counif he's seen with him. Money
try. As the Movimiento takes
sn't everything as we all know,
it.s natural course, it may be
but he tends to believe so. The
that everging leaders and bettle-rnoney that Reagan is spending on
grounds will in the future be
us or I should say against us is
celebrated in place of events like
,,ur own tax money. To me the
Cinco de Mayo. For the time
upper class is no different than
13ing it is good to draw upon
t-he lower class.
aU possible sources of cultural
Instead of our government beclentification and expression.
ing run by the people and for the
As we look back to those days
people it's being run by one man
o:f struggle in the 1860's, one has
against the people. Although you
o think that those Mexican leadmay tend to believe that we are
ers were •together• in the sense
ahead in our government you are
that they knew what they were
being misled, we are lower in
doing. As good leaders, they
government standards than the
must have been able to assess
Soviet Union. The U.S.S.R. has a
their gains as well as their
democracy that has surpassed
losses.
and gone beyond our democracy.
When one is involved in the
This year when you vote pick a
truggle and frictions of the Mogood man, not one that will bust
imienbl, it may be easy to
your head or that of your childevelop a sense of frustration
dren when he comes to your town
nd a negative attitude. During
as he did here in Fresno, "The
a Semana de La Raza I hope
All America City."
hicanos can take stock of the
ains as well as the bad things
d
Goo
*
o Ie
* Days
**
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
***** **** * * * *
REAGAN•
TV Cowboy
WANT ADS
Furn 2 BR across from dorms
share w/3 others $45. 439-6481
Dun I op knobby ti re $1 o. Honda
350 Scrambler pipes $30, or will
trade both for 350 Street pipes.
224-2796 after 4 PM
•
•
..
dmage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. •why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill.• In this case, spot spraying
would be of more value than preventive spraying.
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affiuency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used. A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
damage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. "Why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill?• In this case spot spraying
would be of more value thanpreventive spraying.
Theoretically, he believes pesticides can be done away with
and .,unaffluent" people can still
survive. He supports this theory
partly by the evidence of the
present surplus. One example he
gives is the recent burning of
five million pounds of potatoes in
Idaho. Another interesting point
he brings up is that of substituting
such crops as tobacco and cotton
for food.
In conclusion, chemicals, he
believes, for the most part have
been misused. To climax the discussion, Dr. Burdick asks, • Are
we trying to make a world today
that is good for us but bad for
our children or good for us today
and §-ood for our chilcir~n?"
us ••• •• a s nc a •
-LOW RATESNEWPORT ARMS
Now I easing for
Summer & Fall
- MGR. POSITION
OPENING SCX)N
Across from FSC
Married Couple only
Con tact Manager,
2067 E. Shaw, or
Phone 224-4842
Breakthrough
The first break through
tween the United Farm Workbe.
Organizing Committee and ers
grape growers has finally the
.
come
about • When Just a year ago the
growers in the Coachella Vall
stated that they would never ey
contracts with the UFWoc. U:~!n
any circumstances. Now f r
our
growers have signed contracts•
David Freedman, Charles Freect~
man, Keene K. Larson and C
cil C. Larson.
e.
The four ranches cover appro.
ximately 1220 acres and employ
1054 workers at harvest ti
Th ey most important aspectm~
in
the three year contracts are the
Health and Safety provisions. A
Health and Safety Commutee,
ma d e up of Union members can
participate in the policY-maJtin
of the company regarding Which
how, when, and where pesticide~
are used.
What does all this mean, that
the boycott Will be Called Off?
No, it means that after au th~
hard work the farm workers put
into the •causa" the work is finally paying off. They no longer
have to argue with anyone when
it is said that the boycott has
been a complete failure. rt
hasn't been a failure! It was
a success because these contracts opened the way for further
negotiations.
The farm workers are happy
and ask you to keep supporting
the boycott. Remember, you can
buy union grapes now. Look
for the lables to see that you
are not buying SCRAB GRAPES!
LOS CHARRITOS
FINE MEXICAN FOOD
4069 E. Ashlan Ave.
224-3929
SPECIALS
NYLON
WIND BREAKERS
All Sizes
Assorted Colors
395
CANVAS BAG
for carrying
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CINCO DE MAYO
The Emperor of France, NaNapoleon III of France during
poleon III, wanted to occupy this period, was faced with unrest
Mexico. In May 1862 French among his own Franch people, and
General Laurencez started his desperately was in need of a vicmarch from Veracruz to the torious war in order to reassure
capital, Mexico City. The French his position as emperor of
army consisted of 6,000 well France. He therefore made adearmed soldiers.
The French mand of a fantastic sum of monarmy's only probably obstacle ey (12 million pesos) upon the
on the way to Mexico City was Mexican government hoping that
the city of Puebla, which was Mexico would be unable to pay
situated directly on the path of and be forced to engage itself in
General Laurencez' march and a war with all three countries
which was defended by approxi- England, Spain and F ran c e '
mately 4,000 ill-:equipped Mexi- whereupon France would ulti~
can troops under the commandof mately emerge victorious. Howthe now famous Mexican General ever, when England and Spain
Ignacio Zaragoza. The French realized that if they proceeded
general, confident that the battle as planned it would surely lead
seasoned troops under his com- to dangerous con fl i ct with
mand we re far superior to the France, decided it would not be
almost amateuristic M ex i can worthwhile and abandoned the
forces , probably expected little dangerous venture 1 ea vi n g
or no opposition from the Mexi- France to continue alone with its
can army. However, on that his- selfish plans of conquest. For
toric day in Puebla, May 5, 1862, Napoleon III was not only planthe French army, which had not ning to build himself an empire
suffered a defeat in half a cen- in Mexico, but was actually looktury against Europe'~ finest ing ahead to then aiding the Southtroops, was to suffer a disastrous ern States in their fight against ,
defeat at the hands of an out- the North in order to procure the
numbered , ill equipped, and South's cotton which was much
ragged but highly spirited and needed by France, and possibly
had visions of later building a
courageous Mexican force.
This day, May 5, 1862, has French Empire inNorthAmerica
since become one of Mexico's as well.
But Napoleon III was not desmost celebrated national holidays and celebrated annually by tined to see his visions of granalmost all Mexicans (and Mexi- deur materialize. As General :
can-Americans) north and south Laurencez arrived from France
with a large army, Napoleon III
of theU.S.-Mexican border. The
battle of Puebla is but one of sent one of his emissaries to set
many such battles which these up a provisional government in
courageous people have had to Mexico, withhimselfasemperor,
overcome in their long and brave and proceeded in commanding the
struggle for independence and French army to occupy Mexico
City.
•
freedom.
The French General, a proud c:.J
In order to understand the
Mexican people's fervent feeling and glorified officer and veteran
towards this Mexican national of many great victories, had only
holiday (May 5, 1862), it is contempt for General Ignacio
necessary to acquaint ourselves zargoza and his •lowly" Mexiwith some of the reasons behind can army that awaited the
this intense and urgent compul- French's •superior" forces in
sion to commemorate the heroic Puebla. On that historid day,
efforts of these Mexican heroes May 5, 1862, the French General
among which were Benito Juarez, gave the order to attack Puebla,
Ignacio Zaragoza, Gonzales Or- and to ridicule the Mexican's
raggedy troops, who were mostly
tega, and many others.
In the year 1862, Mexico's equipped with antiquated guns,
President Benito Juarez, was directed his attack to the middle
faced with a tremendous national of the Mexican defense which was
debt and a treasury which con- General zargoza's strongest posisted of very meager funds and sition. After three bloody asfound it necessary to suspend saults upon Puebla (in which over
payment of the nation a 1 debt. a thousand gallant Frenchmen
Since the American Civil War futilely lost their lives) the once
was in progress at this time, and handomely uniformed French
this in effect negated the provi- troops were finally defeated and
humiliated were driven back by
sions of the Monroe Doctrine,
the outnumbered Mexican troops.
Mexico's principal creditors The courageous and heroic spirit
Spain, England, and France that General zargoza and his men
attempted to take advantage of
displayed during this historic
this situation and under the prebattle, can never be forgotten.
tense of collecting a debt sought
The battle of Cinco de Mayo in
to impose a monarch of their own
which many brave Mexicans willchoice upon a seemingly helpless
ingly gave their lives for the
country.
cause of justice and freedom, was
instrumental in keeping the
Americans from once again falling under complete European
control. For this reason, in commemoration and in honor of our
undaunted Mexican ancestors who
gave so much of themselves in
order that we remain free, on
every fifth day on May we should
all be proud to shout, •VIVA
MEXICO!"
I'
-·
...
/,liiC,
8/ Pl11n 8spirit1111/ :De Azt!lllt
In the spirit of a new people that is conscious not only of its proud historical
heritage, but also of the brutal "Gringo" inva ion of our territories. We. the Chicano
inhabitants and civilizer of the northe;n land of Aztlan, from whence came our forefathers, reclaiming the land of their birth and consecrating the determination of our
people of the sun, Declare that the call of our bloud is our power our responsibility
and our inevitable destiny.
We are free and sovereign to determine those tasks which are justly called for
by our house, our land, the sweat of our brows and by our hearts. Az tlim belongs
to those that plant the seeds, water the fields, and gather the crops, and not to the
foreign Europeans.
We do not recognize capricious frontiers on the Bronze Continent.
Brotherhood units us, and love for our brothers makes us a people whose time
has come and who struggles against the foreigner "Gabacho" who exploits our riches
and destroys our culture. With our heart in our hands and our hands in the soil,
We Declare the Independence of our Mestizo Nation. We are a Bronze People with a
Bronze Culture. Before the world, before all of North America, before all our
brothers in the Bronze Continent, We are a Nation. We are a Union of free pueblos.
We are Aztlan.
Por La Raza Todo
I
Fuera de la Raza Nada
Tax Structure
Injustice to Campesinos
As we celebrate Mejico's "In,,tependence• from E u rope an
domination, Chicanos acknowledge, as we look at our people,
that true freedom can never be
expressed until the chains of
oppression, the acts of genocide ,
the systematic destruction of our
culture, are broken. The struggle
for freedom continues in the
barrios, welfare agencies, police
stations, butchering county hospitals, public schools, and in the
agricultural fields of Aztlan. If
we should honor anything this
week it should be the campesinos
in Delano. We •educated• Chicanos can sell out anytime but
to whom does the campesino sell
out to? The absence of justice
for the campesinos is evident, but
besides the denial of collective
bargaining, better wages, proper
sanitation, and pesticidal control,
other forms of direct discrimination are sometimes not seen.
With the evident burden of injustices the present federal income
tax structure is completely tyrannical as far as justice is concerned.
There seems to be a tremendous misconception among wellinformed individuals that campesinos, on account of their low
wages, do not pay taxes. Is the
federal income tax structure so
fair as to exclude campesinos
from its requirements? For instance, a single cam.pesino earning $2,000 per year, by law is
required to pay $163 federal income tax. Try to survive in modern Anglo society on $2,000 per
year and paying $163 tribute. Another example is the deduction
allowable for transportation. It's
a well known fact that campesinos travel the length and
breadth of the land harvesting
crops. The government allows a
deduction of seven cents on each
gallon of gas, government employees, on the other hand, are
allowed 1O cents a mile besides
their salary paid by taxpayers.
Businessmen are allowed 10
cents a mile deduction. Ifwe calculate these figures, a campesino, according to law, if he
travels 15,000 miles he is allowed a deduction more or less
of $60. Government employees
are paid $1, 500 for the same
amount of miles . Businessmen
are allowed $1,500 deduction.
This ls the equality of the system.
Another denied right has been
the protection of unemployment
insurance. Let's, for example,
take a campesino, earning$4,000
per year. According to federal
statute again, he must pay $496
federal income tax. If he earns
this same amount in nine months
he must survive the remaining
three months of the year on his
savings. The industrial worker,
on the other hand, earnlng$4,000
in nine months, but being protected by unemployment insurance, collects $800 in benefits.
Thus the industrial worker has a
total income of $4,800 and the
campesino has an inc om e of
$4,000 and ironically both pay
the same tax of $496. Incidentally, a topless dancer is protected
by unemployment insurance.
What kind of damn system de
these honkies operate when a
topless dancer can be protected
against unemployment and those
who feed us are denied that right?
In my estimation the tax structure, in relation to the campesinos, is based on robbery by the
government. It is also my estimation that the tribute of the income tax is illegal because of the
campesino's denied rights; therefore, all payments made by campesinos to the government should
be reimbursed with interest. Taxation without rights is tyranny,
and if I am not mistaken, this
was what the Anglo revolution
was all about.
We, as La Raza, know the
struggle continues and will never
end until we possess TIERRA Y
LIBERTAD. Carnales, before we
shout viva el Cinco de Mayo,
let's cry out: Viva La Revolucion! Viva El Campesino!
E. Cueller
MONDAY, MAY 4th, 1970
ART EXHIBIT:
Speech Art Cases
Ed-Psych Cases
(All) Student cases
ee.
MOVIES:
•r am Joaquin" •.•.• 10:00 a.m.
•Huelga" .•.•.•.•. 11:00 a.m.
"Pedro Paramo". . • . 1:00 p.m.
SPEAKERS:
at the amphitheatre
1:00 p.m. Marina Vidaurri, R.D.c.
1:30 p.m. Bob Arroyo, F.C.C.
2:00 p.m. Reports
LUNCH:
Will be served free of charge to the gener
public at Baker Hall.
a1
Movies will be shown in the Student Union.
Rooms 312, 313, 314.
TUESDAY, MAY 5th, 1970
MARIACHIS
At the Free Speech Area from 9:00 to 10:00 a.m.
Selected Junior Colleges and High Schools Will
repoft on their activities in their respective
campuses.
DANCE:
To be held at Baker Hall from 5:00 until 7:00 p.m.
FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY, MAY 8th, 9th, 10th
The public is invited to attend the Fiesta that
will take place in back of the Court House from
6:00 until 11:00 p.m. 28 organizations will sell
•comida mejicana•. There will be music by
groups such as: Beto Garcia and his G.G. 's,
Roosevelt High Marima Band, the Mixtlecos and
also a rock band.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 6th, 1970
This day is proclaimed ADELIT A DAY
MARIACHIS
Will play from 10:00 until 10:30 followed by:
DEDICATION
The dedication will be a picture of a True
Adelita (a woman who fought in the 'revolucion'
beside her 'hombre'.) The picture was painted
by C res Hernandez.
TEA TRO FESTIVAL
These days will collectively form the Teatro
Festival which will not only consist of groups
throughout California but also Texas and New
York.
TEATROS:
El Grupo de poesia coral de Mascarones •.•
Mesico
Nuevo Teatro Pobre de America .•. Puerto Rico
Los reveladores del Tercer Mundo •. New York
Teatro Bilingue •.• University of Texas
Teatro Urbano ••• San Jose
Teatro de los Actos ••• Oakland
Teatro Triste .•• Oakland
Teatro de la Vida o Muerte ••• Long Beach
Teatro de A ztlan ••. San Diego
Teatro Aztlan ••• San Fernando Valley
Teatro Campesino ••. Fresno
Note •.• 160 performers
....
M.A.P .A. will not Endorse
By Jesus C. Marquez
ALBERT'S
The Mexican-American Political Association, which held its
flrst preprimary endorsement
convention in the Hotel Californian on April 17, 18 and 19, is
through giving its blessings to
candidates and getting nothing in
return.
For too long, Californians of
Mexican descent have endorsed
traditional 1 i be r al candidates
from the Democratic party merely because they are friends.
These FRIENDS have been asking
for years for support from the
RAZA, but in return have not
endorsed LA RAZA.
Delegates to the MexicanAmerican Political Association
LOU'S BARBERS
BONDS
MEN'S HAIUSTl:"LING
The Method Preferred by
Hollywood Celebrities
FIENZAS
PARA ENCARCELADOS
Shaw-West Shopping Center
Haircut!. $2.S0 1 12 & under $2 .00
Sat. $2.25
--•--
Ph. 22UJ945
SERYICIO
DIA Y NOCHE
2087 W. Shaw
--•--
heard calls for "racial awareness" and for re-examination of
the two-party system.
Speaker after speaker called
on delegates to discard the Democratic and Republican parties
and concentrate on e I e ct i n g
Americans of Mexican descent,
regardless of party.
Dr. Julian Nava, running for
state superintendent of public
instruction, said, •one party is
hardly better than the other.•
Nava was greeted by cheers and
cries of "Viva LA RAZA." as he
described white liberals who
won't support him as •gutless
wonders."
Edmund G. Brown, Jr., candidate for the Democratic nomination for secretary of state,
charged 200 ,000 Spanish-speaking Californians are being disenfranchised because of inaction
at the state level.
He noted a recent state supreme court decision giving
Spanish-speaking persons the
right to vote "is almost worth-
THE FRANCO
TACO HOUSE
SERVICIO
EN TODAS PARTES
DEL PAIS
259 N. BLACKSTONE AVE.
DANCE GROUP
Marachis dance groups will perform in the
Student Union Lounge at 10:00 a.m. until 12•
p.m. Sponsored by the Fine Arts Commttt·0o
Art (painting, wood work, pottery, and etc.)
will be provided by high school students
and students from City College and Fresno
and Fresno State College.
LUNCH:
Phone 237-3532
486-1850
THURSDAY, MAY 7th, 1970
SPEAKERS:
SCHEDULE:
1 L:00 a.m. Senorita Cecilia Pedroza •.•
Friday & Saturday ••• at the amphitheatre
from Los Angeles .•. running for ..•
10:00-12:00 workshops
the office of Lt. Governor •..
1 :00- 2:30 workshops
11:30 a.m. Senora Margrita Cruz •• ,
3:00- 5:00 performance
from San Francisco ..• one of the
Regional Directors of the statewide
Sunday ... at Kearney Park
organization called M.A.P.A.
12:00 to?
(Mexican-American Political Assn.)
1:00 p.m. Senorita Corine S nchez •.•
from the University of Long Beach .•. . . ,
student in the Chicano Movement
I• I
SANCHEZ & HALL MORTUARY
1022 B St.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
•
ALBERTO RAMIREZ
PROPIETARIO
FRESNO
Discos
Mexicanos
Soul ♦ Rock
o 4 & 8 track ta
551 Ventura Av
''THE FINEST TACOS"
826 POLLASKI,
CLOVIS
PH: 299-6431
....
•••
.....
less" unless voting roaching instruction, candidate designations
and ballot arguments are printed
in Spanish.
A speech by Jose Angel Guiterrez of La Raza Unida Party in
Crystal City, Texas, brought a
standing ovation and cries of
"Power to the People!" as he
called for formation of a third
party.
Ricardo Romo, a candidate for
governor under the Peace and
Freedom Party, evoked loud
clapping when he lashed out at
the Republican and Democratic
parties. "We can no longer work
in the belly of the whale,• he
said, alluding to the parties. •Get
out and see (that) it is the monster that swallowed us a long
time ago."
Romo's endorsement by MAPA
could be the first step toward
formation of a La Raza Unida
Party for Spanish-speaking candidates only.
Resolutions calling for the impeachment of San Jose Judge
Gernold s. Chargin for remarks
made about Americans of Mexican descent , opposing tuition in
the state colleges and university,
and advising Phil Sanchez that the
Chicano Communities are aware
of his vote for tuition, were
adopted by delegates.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week. excet
holidays and examination penodsci;
the Fresno State College Asso
tion. Mail subscriptions $8 a s~r,es·
ter, $ 15 a year. Editorial o ic~,
Business 235 , telephone 487-217 ·
Business office, College Union 31 6 ,
telephone 487"'2266.
Vidory...
just no preparation tor college,
that's all there ts to lt. Roland
, ,gym. Who doesn't? Thi h
says the teachers have just run
A chtcano student from Parpened on a Frida; mor~ apout of things to do. The students
lier High School was suspended
mid-day.
g or
have resorted to throwing papers
from school for being •defiant•,
On Monday, Roland was called
and erasers around in class and
so they say.
into the office. He asked wh
to the teacher, and they also talk
on March 4, Roland De La They gave him no reason.
a lot.
cerda was suspended from school
it was decided that he wouid be
Then there was a recess. one
for •enjoying the sunshine• dursuspended for the remainder of
or the Board Members had to go
the yea Wh
to his place of employment and
ing his woodshop class. This is
.
r•
Y? Because of the
supposedly considered a cut. The
mcident that happened three days
check up on the workers and
reason is that this guy didn't
ago, a minor incident, that wasn't
things like that. Should a man
have anything to do in there.
important enough to report the
like this be a Bo rd Member?
He would not be admitted to school
same day it happened? Or was 1t
He should be able to dedicate
until his parents came to school
~omething else? Maybe, they
some time to a student n need.
and had a conference with the
Just don't want him around school.
After everyone has testifled
vice principal.
Anyway, he was suspended,
against Roland, his mother went
Mr, New, a first year woodMr. Struhl was asked if he
on the stand. She asked for an
thought Roland was a g"'JCI athinterpretor so that the Board
shop teacher, was a character
lete. His reply was •average •
could understand her and at the
witness at the hearing. He said
Roland was being •disruptive and
He's only received
letters ~n
same time, the community people
basketball in three years and was
would know what she had to say.
a nuisance in class." All he
awarded Most Valuable Player
The School Board, by the way,
was doing was helping other stu~ne of those years' but he was
consists of four anglos and one
dents with their projects. He
Just average. Only about 10 per
japanese. She said something
had decided to do one himself,
like this: •Jn this p rtlcular
but the teacher didn't let him,
cen t of the Chicanos that go out
for
sports
ever
get
awarded
and
case, it's my sone that is being
"It was too late in the year to
when they do it's considered a
affected by the explllsion. The
finish it," he said. Above all
minor thing.
next one may be yours.• She
the noise that the machines in
Mr. Struhl claims Roland chalpractically begged the Board to
there make, along with the other
lenged him and he doesn't like
let her son back In school. Roguys talking, Roland was the only
land refused to go to continuation
th is sort of thing. A teacher
one that was heard. What a
school and his p rents refused to
coincidence!
Mr. New later
is suppased to be ready to accept
let him go. That's all there was
stated that Roland wasn't too
challenges when he decides to
to it.
much trouble.
become a teacher, otherwise he
A lawyer was ppolnted to deThis Mr. New is said to be
will never make a good one, for
fend Roland, Mr. Hendricks. As
that
matter
he
will
never
make
a
rather strict with the students.
a closing speech to the school
good anything.
The truth of the matter is, •es
board, he riminded them that
bien chingon." He says he •rides"
There were two witnesses in
everyone, sometime in their
the gym that heard what went on
the guys until they straighten up.
school life had caused a little
between Roland and Mr. Struhl.
Then he keeps on • riding• them
trouble and talked in class. All
One of them was taken to the
until he gets better results. By
boys are llke that. The never
stand and questioned.
Their
"riding" he means he gets on
got suspended. Was this being
statements agreed.
their backs. ':If I can't handle
fair to Roland. Put yourself
Mr. Brletic, the vice-princithem, who can? •
he stated.
in the shoes of trus boy, he said,
pal of P.H.S. took matters into
Must be a pretty bad dude. He
Wouldn't you like a fair chance
his own hands. He does the job
uses direct threats towards the
to get an education. They were
of the principal and also his,
students. He admits Roland has
depriving Roland of an education
which is part-time teacher and
a tremendous ability. and so
for a month now. What were
vice principal. Therefore, the
do the other teachers, but he's
they going to do about this?
principal has almost no say in the
just not given the chance. The
He's a good student, gets B's
way things are run in his own
teacher claims that while Roand C's out of hls classes and
school office. As a matter or
land was out of school, the class
would like to go on to college,
fact, he's hardly ever around to
was 100 per cent better.
just like they did. This is very
see what actually goes on. He
When admitted back to school,
important to him and he knows he
has to take everybody's word . is capable of it.
Roland was really making an
There was a short recess while
effort to do his work and not for it, no questions asked. It
seems to me he's being paid for
the Board members went in concause any trouble to anyone. It
a job he doesn't even do.
ference, When they finally came
turns out that his History class,
This is ohly Mr. Brletic's first back, it was decided that he
taught by Mrs. Caldera, (an anyear as vice principal and already would be readmitted but with
glo), also a new teacher, was
he's running the whole show.
conditions. He would have to
noisy. I mean all the kids were
Anyway, he claims that Roland
write a 1500 word research paper
making noise. Who gets blamed
has been in and out of the office
on the •History of Education"
for it? Roland, of course. Eviand another one on the Judicial
dently , he's supposed to be at the· ten times this year (he keeps
score) and has been •nothing
System of California, also 1500
head of all the disruptions.
but trouble."
words.
He must also submit
He brushed his hair in class.
Two or three conferences were
to the rules of the school. If
This also bothered the teacher.
held with Roland's parents. The
anything goes wrong, he will
She clai ms he does this consisadministration had made arautomatically be suspended.
tently , but Roland says he only
rangements for Roland to attend
These papers must be in by
did it twice and when she told
continuation school in Selma for
May 8.
him to put the brush away, he
the remainder of the year. The
rt seems to me that the teachdid. The other guys brush their
transportation problem was left
ers that testified were being just
hair also, but it's evident that
up to the parents, of course.
a tiny bit racist and don't care
she likes to pick on him, for
It's a fact that a majority of
to be bothered by anyone that
some reason. She took no disthe
guys
that
attend
continuation
might inconvenience them in any
ciplinary action, whatsoever. It
didn't bother her enough to con- -school don't ever go to college. way. It was said that the teachIt must be a pretty lousy system.
ers are so boring that nobody
tact his parents, •It's not a powants to listen, they fall asleep
But, this is the only way to get
licy of the school• to do so.
or resort to making noise.
rid of Roland and not have to
I mean, why bother, just send
This type of teaching will rebother with him anymore. I
him to the office and get it over
sult to problems to the students
wonder
if
that
system
is
any
with. If she were any kind of
when they enter college. Somebetter than PHS's. That's somea humanitarian, she would've
thing must be done!
thing that has to be considered.
looked into it herself.
Roland says high school isn't a
Mr. Struhl, a first year Phychallenge to him. •what's the
sical Education teacher, fresh
use
of going to school, we keep
out of college was also a characlearning the same things as shen
ter witness at the hearing. He
we were freshmen. The teachwas about to give a wrestling
ers don't even want to hear our
course in p. E. when Roland told
views a lot of times.• There's
him that he couldn't wrestle because he had a weak nose and
it bled easily. The coach's resBE PREPARED
ponse was , •oo you really care?"
and he took off. The other guys
FOR BIG BLUE
were rolling the mats out and
Roland was sitting down watching
them, all alone. Mr. struhl went
up to him and told him he was
going to wrestle and Roland said
he wasn't. Then the coach told
him to shut up and Roland said
Artefactorage • Unicom leather
he didn' t have to because he
r•-~---••••••·•••••,
wasn't talking to anyone. •just
go and teach your class and leave
Sandals
Pottery
me alone,• he said. •1 don't
I Purses
Batik
;
want any trouble.•
Belts
Gadgets
1
I Hats
Wine
I
When the coach testified, he
; Watchbands
Candles
said something completely difI
Jewelry
I
ferent, making it sound like Roland \.;,::1.s giving him a really bad
time, when all he wanted was to
235 N. Fulton Phone 237-6256
stay out of trouble. He also
Said Roland talks a lot in the
• 0 ••fl•MHo.
Th:~
20
MISC INC
I
I
I
I
~.-----------------·
Santa es la Madre
Que me pario, cargandome
ocho meses en el jale
perro
nta es la Madre
Que se mata y sacrifica
tanto para qu me
vista como tecato.
Santa es la Madre
que 11 ga del trabajo
retecansada haciendo
ttque hacer• y ademas la cena
No se cansara mi Madre?
No man
She's a Mex she don't get tired
It's only natural
for a Mexican woman
to love work.
It's in her culture.
Mexicans are hard workers.
God made them for it.
Oh how nice they are.
they never complain
Parele hay!
I tell you cha-le!
My moth r es una Santa,
no es la culpa de el la
that she has to work
herself a la mu rte.
Santa es una Madre Mexicana
quien es el dios
que la esta matando
May the devi I take
los que devcras tienen
la culpa.
Santa es la senora
con todo el respeto
y el amor
de un chi cano.
Meno C/S
EL TAOUITO
ATTENTION!
Teachers - Students
- SUMMER INCOME Part of ful I ti me, can start
part time. Send resume to
Mr. Otterness
P .o. Box 533
Pinedale, California
FINE
MEXICAN
FOOD
715 BROADWAY
233-9833
that have happened in the Movimien~.
Despite all the present bitter
memories, Chicanos are like
those earlier Mexican leaders in
one important sense: They are
fighting a battle which ultimately
has been won.
That is, the
st ruggle for assertion of Mexican American civil rights can
only e nd one way. The hard part
is that th e unfolding of the necessary additional st ages will
continue to be bitter and Will call
for many to play difficult and
different roles.
P11sa■ l11tos
De Otra
Perso■ a
Por Angus Glo
In Mexico people often ask
North American where the
:u.s. President conducts our anual ceremony dedicated to reewal of our heritage. One is
ut in the poslilon of th1nk1ng
about whether there is such a
Human Environment
I
By Manuel Fernandez
In a recent interview With Dr.
D. J. Burdick we covered a few
basic questions on the subject of
pesticides in relation to humans
and the environment.
In the first question I asked if
farm workers had leg 1ti mate
gripes in wanting to ban DDT. I
Certainly the farm worker has
th
1 ht t b
d b t
e r g
o e concerne a ou
it his safety, was the reply. He said
in a State health survey in Tulare
it County 10-20 per cent o!thefield
it workers showed symptoms oforit ganophosphate poisoning. •They
it are being exposed to large dosit ages without being told." He at~ tributes this to the fact that 50
per cent of the spray stayes in
it the air. He also stresses the
~ proper precautions the people
• who use these pesticides should
-it take and that field workers should
: always be warned.
· When asked how DDT rates
: with other poisonous chemicals
-it he stated that DDT is known to
be relatively safe to humans. In
~ its formulation spray it is more
: harmful because of its ability to
dissolve. As of yet there is no
-tt
~ evidence that DDT will have
-tt lethal chronic buildup. DDT is
it stored in the fat and eventually
-tt broken down. Another important
-it aspect Dr. Burdick commented on
-tt was the fact that the banning of
-tt these chlorinated hydrocarbons
-tt will bring a wider use of the
it more toxic organo-phosphates.
it
One of the basic topics covered
it was Dr. Burdick's distinction
it between a specialist and a genit eralist. A specialist, he states,
-tt does not have a wide knowledge
it of environmental ecology. His job
• is only to get rid of the insect
• and once that job is completed
it he does not have to give any
-k further consideration.
On the
ii other hand. a generalist takes
ii man's entire environment into
: view. He takes into consideration
the affect of birds and habitats
: of animals, etc. Specialists can
only take information from tests
-ti on mammals and not the enviro11ment. He says the specialist today should become more of a
generalist and _be aw re of long
range and social consequences.
As to some long range effects
these chemicals have had, Dr.
Burdick informs us that various
species of birds are on their way
to extinction. A few of these victims he attributes to DDT are the
Brown Pelican and the Bald
Eagle. DDT affects their sex
hormones which results in a thinner and weaker egg shell. Part
of the reason DDT has been detrimental to the bird population
is because it tends to adhere to
dust and thus stays in the air.
As to these chemicals he informs
us that •they are being put on the
market so fast we don't have the
time to respond. We need more
research on long range effects."
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affluency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used, A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * •·
central ceremony or place
.
and then realizes there is not. *
one difference between Mexi- *
co and the U.S. is the existence . Jt,
of many symbols and places that
stand for values felt deeply by *
the Mexican.
*
Cinco de Mayo is one of those )fymbols. All Mexican cities have ·*
a street named after the Fifth
f May the date of the first *
--~
successful battle against the
French invaders. Cinco deMayo
As I believe in th e status Quo,
is thus an important symbol of
Conservatism, the American Way
Mexican liberty.
and
Back to the Good Ole
As we enter the week of the
Days philosophy, 1 have been very
Fifth of May, those who feel
distressed by th e recent desimpatia for the Mexican people
velopments int eh U ._s~, and 10 have thought about the meaning * cally, at FSC. Specifically th e
of such symbolism for MexiExperimental College, E th nic
can-Americans in Fresno, Ca- st udies a nd EOP. Since th ese
lifornia.
* programs and ideas are cond ucive
.
tO c h anges Wl,
.._h.rn our
Some people say that MexicanAmericans should not use a sym- : dear FSC, ~ur_ Ed. SyS tem and
bol that had value only for their
eventually w1thrn the U •84 of A.,
th en, 1 am totally againS t these
ancestors back in a different
country. Others, including some : 11ew innovative th reats to our
Chicano leaders feel that any
t>eautiful society. I am not a
c:ramatic expres~ion of a deeply : ,·acist , however, _1 do believe
Ldlt Mexican value should be
iach person has his place. As
Kapt and passed on to help de- : L result, I th ink th at no th ing more
,·elop a sense of identity for a
:hould be done for th ese so called
fi•:!Ople who in this country have * n i no~iTie~. Any program~ any
, ~en deprived of a culture as * ~,rganizat~o~ or attem~t at_mm_orell as in other ways.
,._ ity organizing or uniflcatlon is a
An Anglo who has simpatia for • th reat to my philosophy: Ther~t11e Mexican culturewhetherhere
fore, I am very much rn grahu.r in Mexico therefore has mixed * rnd e to men like Nixon, Rear1~actions about the role of a
g-an, Falk a nd Fikes for th eir
s_rmbol like Cinco de Mayo. On * <iedication to. th is same philotl1e one hand, he knows that part * --;ophy · Especially to th0se teruof the problem in the past has
<:ious militants (Horrors) wit hin
bt~en too much emphasis on sym- * th e minorities who have been
liols and forms that are empty
partially in st rume_ntal in prei II application. On the other hand, * venting th e FSC Chicano students
it seems thatadditionalemphasis * from succesSfully unifying a nd
o".l symbols related to sincerely
worklnR toge th <'r. Th,rnk :vmi aJl
:11d deeply felt values connected
*
*
'\ith the Mexican people should
l•e supported.
•
I for one am in favor of the
Lttter approach. Although given
1 hicanos may not care that much
Ronald Reagan, the TV cowboy,
. bout the past problems of deal1as no sympathy for his people,
i 1g with the French, focusing ori
Jr the people of California. Inl inco de Mayo shows respect for
stead of upgrading his people he
, ·ne example of sincere human
is degrading them and taking their
J.,ride. And respect for human
right to assemble peacefully and
l1?elings is important for Chithe right to protest his regime.
<·anos as for any group fighting
Like Falk, he doesn't want to be
for its civil and economic rights.
seen speaking with the poor man
Maybe the real problem is that
who supports him. As long as the
;\,lexican-Americans do not yet
~at has a good monetary income
have widely known heroes or sacF'alk or Reagan could give a hell
red places of battle in this counif he's seen with him. Money
try. As the Movimiento takes
sn't everything as we all know,
it.s natural course, it may be
but he tends to believe so. The
that everging leaders and bettle-rnoney that Reagan is spending on
grounds will in the future be
us or I should say against us is
celebrated in place of events like
,,ur own tax money. To me the
Cinco de Mayo. For the time
upper class is no different than
13ing it is good to draw upon
t-he lower class.
aU possible sources of cultural
Instead of our government beclentification and expression.
ing run by the people and for the
As we look back to those days
people it's being run by one man
o:f struggle in the 1860's, one has
against the people. Although you
o think that those Mexican leadmay tend to believe that we are
ers were •together• in the sense
ahead in our government you are
that they knew what they were
being misled, we are lower in
doing. As good leaders, they
government standards than the
must have been able to assess
Soviet Union. The U.S.S.R. has a
their gains as well as their
democracy that has surpassed
losses.
and gone beyond our democracy.
When one is involved in the
This year when you vote pick a
truggle and frictions of the Mogood man, not one that will bust
imienbl, it may be easy to
your head or that of your childevelop a sense of frustration
dren when he comes to your town
nd a negative attitude. During
as he did here in Fresno, "The
a Semana de La Raza I hope
All America City."
hicanos can take stock of the
ains as well as the bad things
d
Goo
*
o Ie
* Days
**
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
***** **** * * * *
REAGAN•
TV Cowboy
WANT ADS
Furn 2 BR across from dorms
share w/3 others $45. 439-6481
Dun I op knobby ti re $1 o. Honda
350 Scrambler pipes $30, or will
trade both for 350 Street pipes.
224-2796 after 4 PM
•
•
..
dmage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. •why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill.• In this case, spot spraying
would be of more value than preventive spraying.
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affiuency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used. A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
damage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. "Why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill?• In this case spot spraying
would be of more value thanpreventive spraying.
Theoretically, he believes pesticides can be done away with
and .,unaffluent" people can still
survive. He supports this theory
partly by the evidence of the
present surplus. One example he
gives is the recent burning of
five million pounds of potatoes in
Idaho. Another interesting point
he brings up is that of substituting
such crops as tobacco and cotton
for food.
In conclusion, chemicals, he
believes, for the most part have
been misused. To climax the discussion, Dr. Burdick asks, • Are
we trying to make a world today
that is good for us but bad for
our children or good for us today
and §-ood for our chilcir~n?"
us ••• •• a s nc a •
-LOW RATESNEWPORT ARMS
Now I easing for
Summer & Fall
- MGR. POSITION
OPENING SCX)N
Across from FSC
Married Couple only
Con tact Manager,
2067 E. Shaw, or
Phone 224-4842
Breakthrough
The first break through
tween the United Farm Workbe.
Organizing Committee and ers
grape growers has finally the
.
come
about • When Just a year ago the
growers in the Coachella Vall
stated that they would never ey
contracts with the UFWoc. U:~!n
any circumstances. Now f r
our
growers have signed contracts•
David Freedman, Charles Freect~
man, Keene K. Larson and C
cil C. Larson.
e.
The four ranches cover appro.
ximately 1220 acres and employ
1054 workers at harvest ti
Th ey most important aspectm~
in
the three year contracts are the
Health and Safety provisions. A
Health and Safety Commutee,
ma d e up of Union members can
participate in the policY-maJtin
of the company regarding Which
how, when, and where pesticide~
are used.
What does all this mean, that
the boycott Will be Called Off?
No, it means that after au th~
hard work the farm workers put
into the •causa" the work is finally paying off. They no longer
have to argue with anyone when
it is said that the boycott has
been a complete failure. rt
hasn't been a failure! It was
a success because these contracts opened the way for further
negotiations.
The farm workers are happy
and ask you to keep supporting
the boycott. Remember, you can
buy union grapes now. Look
for the lables to see that you
are not buying SCRAB GRAPES!
LOS CHARRITOS
FINE MEXICAN FOOD
4069 E. Ashlan Ave.
224-3929
SPECIALS
NYLON
WIND BREAKERS
All Sizes
Assorted Colors
395
CANVAS BAG
for carrying
BOOKS
9 5(
WHITE 1 NAVY & STRI PES
BELL BOTTOM
TROUSERS
349
AIR FORCE
SUN
229
GLASSES
NAVY
895
PEA COATS
only
up
& up
NAVY SHIRTS
OPPORTUNITY
ALL
New chemic al company
looking for qualified personnel to help in statewide
expansion. Constant part
time,
SIZES
Send resume to:
MR. OTTERNESS
DESERT
TYPE
SHOES
G.I. FIELD
JACKETS
FALL LEASING
For new Apts. across
from FSC
UFW
THE TACO SHACK
REAL MEXICAN
TACOS
BURRITOS
Our Specialty Order To Go
1011 N. Fresno
268-9427
195
595
495
Most complete stock of
Jackets - and sizes in
the Valley.
WAR SURPLUS DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
OPEN SUNDAYS
The Emperor of France, NaNapoleon III of France during
poleon III, wanted to occupy this period, was faced with unrest
Mexico. In May 1862 French among his own Franch people, and
General Laurencez started his desperately was in need of a vicmarch from Veracruz to the torious war in order to reassure
capital, Mexico City. The French his position as emperor of
army consisted of 6,000 well France. He therefore made adearmed soldiers.
The French mand of a fantastic sum of monarmy's only probably obstacle ey (12 million pesos) upon the
on the way to Mexico City was Mexican government hoping that
the city of Puebla, which was Mexico would be unable to pay
situated directly on the path of and be forced to engage itself in
General Laurencez' march and a war with all three countries
which was defended by approxi- England, Spain and F ran c e '
mately 4,000 ill-:equipped Mexi- whereupon France would ulti~
can troops under the commandof mately emerge victorious. Howthe now famous Mexican General ever, when England and Spain
Ignacio Zaragoza. The French realized that if they proceeded
general, confident that the battle as planned it would surely lead
seasoned troops under his com- to dangerous con fl i ct with
mand we re far superior to the France, decided it would not be
almost amateuristic M ex i can worthwhile and abandoned the
forces , probably expected little dangerous venture 1 ea vi n g
or no opposition from the Mexi- France to continue alone with its
can army. However, on that his- selfish plans of conquest. For
toric day in Puebla, May 5, 1862, Napoleon III was not only planthe French army, which had not ning to build himself an empire
suffered a defeat in half a cen- in Mexico, but was actually looktury against Europe'~ finest ing ahead to then aiding the Southtroops, was to suffer a disastrous ern States in their fight against ,
defeat at the hands of an out- the North in order to procure the
numbered , ill equipped, and South's cotton which was much
ragged but highly spirited and needed by France, and possibly
had visions of later building a
courageous Mexican force.
This day, May 5, 1862, has French Empire inNorthAmerica
since become one of Mexico's as well.
But Napoleon III was not desmost celebrated national holidays and celebrated annually by tined to see his visions of granalmost all Mexicans (and Mexi- deur materialize. As General :
can-Americans) north and south Laurencez arrived from France
with a large army, Napoleon III
of theU.S.-Mexican border. The
battle of Puebla is but one of sent one of his emissaries to set
many such battles which these up a provisional government in
courageous people have had to Mexico, withhimselfasemperor,
overcome in their long and brave and proceeded in commanding the
struggle for independence and French army to occupy Mexico
City.
•
freedom.
The French General, a proud c:.J
In order to understand the
Mexican people's fervent feeling and glorified officer and veteran
towards this Mexican national of many great victories, had only
holiday (May 5, 1862), it is contempt for General Ignacio
necessary to acquaint ourselves zargoza and his •lowly" Mexiwith some of the reasons behind can army that awaited the
this intense and urgent compul- French's •superior" forces in
sion to commemorate the heroic Puebla. On that historid day,
efforts of these Mexican heroes May 5, 1862, the French General
among which were Benito Juarez, gave the order to attack Puebla,
Ignacio Zaragoza, Gonzales Or- and to ridicule the Mexican's
raggedy troops, who were mostly
tega, and many others.
In the year 1862, Mexico's equipped with antiquated guns,
President Benito Juarez, was directed his attack to the middle
faced with a tremendous national of the Mexican defense which was
debt and a treasury which con- General zargoza's strongest posisted of very meager funds and sition. After three bloody asfound it necessary to suspend saults upon Puebla (in which over
payment of the nation a 1 debt. a thousand gallant Frenchmen
Since the American Civil War futilely lost their lives) the once
was in progress at this time, and handomely uniformed French
this in effect negated the provi- troops were finally defeated and
humiliated were driven back by
sions of the Monroe Doctrine,
the outnumbered Mexican troops.
Mexico's principal creditors The courageous and heroic spirit
Spain, England, and France that General zargoza and his men
attempted to take advantage of
displayed during this historic
this situation and under the prebattle, can never be forgotten.
tense of collecting a debt sought
The battle of Cinco de Mayo in
to impose a monarch of their own
which many brave Mexicans willchoice upon a seemingly helpless
ingly gave their lives for the
country.
cause of justice and freedom, was
instrumental in keeping the
Americans from once again falling under complete European
control. For this reason, in commemoration and in honor of our
undaunted Mexican ancestors who
gave so much of themselves in
order that we remain free, on
every fifth day on May we should
all be proud to shout, •VIVA
MEXICO!"
I'
-·
...
/,liiC,
8/ Pl11n 8spirit1111/ :De Azt!lllt
In the spirit of a new people that is conscious not only of its proud historical
heritage, but also of the brutal "Gringo" inva ion of our territories. We. the Chicano
inhabitants and civilizer of the northe;n land of Aztlan, from whence came our forefathers, reclaiming the land of their birth and consecrating the determination of our
people of the sun, Declare that the call of our bloud is our power our responsibility
and our inevitable destiny.
We are free and sovereign to determine those tasks which are justly called for
by our house, our land, the sweat of our brows and by our hearts. Az tlim belongs
to those that plant the seeds, water the fields, and gather the crops, and not to the
foreign Europeans.
We do not recognize capricious frontiers on the Bronze Continent.
Brotherhood units us, and love for our brothers makes us a people whose time
has come and who struggles against the foreigner "Gabacho" who exploits our riches
and destroys our culture. With our heart in our hands and our hands in the soil,
We Declare the Independence of our Mestizo Nation. We are a Bronze People with a
Bronze Culture. Before the world, before all of North America, before all our
brothers in the Bronze Continent, We are a Nation. We are a Union of free pueblos.
We are Aztlan.
Por La Raza Todo
I
Fuera de la Raza Nada
Tax Structure
Injustice to Campesinos
As we celebrate Mejico's "In,,tependence• from E u rope an
domination, Chicanos acknowledge, as we look at our people,
that true freedom can never be
expressed until the chains of
oppression, the acts of genocide ,
the systematic destruction of our
culture, are broken. The struggle
for freedom continues in the
barrios, welfare agencies, police
stations, butchering county hospitals, public schools, and in the
agricultural fields of Aztlan. If
we should honor anything this
week it should be the campesinos
in Delano. We •educated• Chicanos can sell out anytime but
to whom does the campesino sell
out to? The absence of justice
for the campesinos is evident, but
besides the denial of collective
bargaining, better wages, proper
sanitation, and pesticidal control,
other forms of direct discrimination are sometimes not seen.
With the evident burden of injustices the present federal income
tax structure is completely tyrannical as far as justice is concerned.
There seems to be a tremendous misconception among wellinformed individuals that campesinos, on account of their low
wages, do not pay taxes. Is the
federal income tax structure so
fair as to exclude campesinos
from its requirements? For instance, a single cam.pesino earning $2,000 per year, by law is
required to pay $163 federal income tax. Try to survive in modern Anglo society on $2,000 per
year and paying $163 tribute. Another example is the deduction
allowable for transportation. It's
a well known fact that campesinos travel the length and
breadth of the land harvesting
crops. The government allows a
deduction of seven cents on each
gallon of gas, government employees, on the other hand, are
allowed 1O cents a mile besides
their salary paid by taxpayers.
Businessmen are allowed 10
cents a mile deduction. Ifwe calculate these figures, a campesino, according to law, if he
travels 15,000 miles he is allowed a deduction more or less
of $60. Government employees
are paid $1, 500 for the same
amount of miles . Businessmen
are allowed $1,500 deduction.
This ls the equality of the system.
Another denied right has been
the protection of unemployment
insurance. Let's, for example,
take a campesino, earning$4,000
per year. According to federal
statute again, he must pay $496
federal income tax. If he earns
this same amount in nine months
he must survive the remaining
three months of the year on his
savings. The industrial worker,
on the other hand, earnlng$4,000
in nine months, but being protected by unemployment insurance, collects $800 in benefits.
Thus the industrial worker has a
total income of $4,800 and the
campesino has an inc om e of
$4,000 and ironically both pay
the same tax of $496. Incidentally, a topless dancer is protected
by unemployment insurance.
What kind of damn system de
these honkies operate when a
topless dancer can be protected
against unemployment and those
who feed us are denied that right?
In my estimation the tax structure, in relation to the campesinos, is based on robbery by the
government. It is also my estimation that the tribute of the income tax is illegal because of the
campesino's denied rights; therefore, all payments made by campesinos to the government should
be reimbursed with interest. Taxation without rights is tyranny,
and if I am not mistaken, this
was what the Anglo revolution
was all about.
We, as La Raza, know the
struggle continues and will never
end until we possess TIERRA Y
LIBERTAD. Carnales, before we
shout viva el Cinco de Mayo,
let's cry out: Viva La Revolucion! Viva El Campesino!
E. Cueller
MONDAY, MAY 4th, 1970
ART EXHIBIT:
Speech Art Cases
Ed-Psych Cases
(All) Student cases
ee.
MOVIES:
•r am Joaquin" •.•.• 10:00 a.m.
•Huelga" .•.•.•.•. 11:00 a.m.
"Pedro Paramo". . • . 1:00 p.m.
SPEAKERS:
at the amphitheatre
1:00 p.m. Marina Vidaurri, R.D.c.
1:30 p.m. Bob Arroyo, F.C.C.
2:00 p.m. Reports
LUNCH:
Will be served free of charge to the gener
public at Baker Hall.
a1
Movies will be shown in the Student Union.
Rooms 312, 313, 314.
TUESDAY, MAY 5th, 1970
MARIACHIS
At the Free Speech Area from 9:00 to 10:00 a.m.
Selected Junior Colleges and High Schools Will
repoft on their activities in their respective
campuses.
DANCE:
To be held at Baker Hall from 5:00 until 7:00 p.m.
FRIDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY, MAY 8th, 9th, 10th
The public is invited to attend the Fiesta that
will take place in back of the Court House from
6:00 until 11:00 p.m. 28 organizations will sell
•comida mejicana•. There will be music by
groups such as: Beto Garcia and his G.G. 's,
Roosevelt High Marima Band, the Mixtlecos and
also a rock band.
WEDNESDAY, MAY 6th, 1970
This day is proclaimed ADELIT A DAY
MARIACHIS
Will play from 10:00 until 10:30 followed by:
DEDICATION
The dedication will be a picture of a True
Adelita (a woman who fought in the 'revolucion'
beside her 'hombre'.) The picture was painted
by C res Hernandez.
TEA TRO FESTIVAL
These days will collectively form the Teatro
Festival which will not only consist of groups
throughout California but also Texas and New
York.
TEATROS:
El Grupo de poesia coral de Mascarones •.•
Mesico
Nuevo Teatro Pobre de America .•. Puerto Rico
Los reveladores del Tercer Mundo •. New York
Teatro Bilingue •.• University of Texas
Teatro Urbano ••• San Jose
Teatro de los Actos ••• Oakland
Teatro Triste .•• Oakland
Teatro de la Vida o Muerte ••• Long Beach
Teatro de A ztlan ••. San Diego
Teatro Aztlan ••• San Fernando Valley
Teatro Campesino ••. Fresno
Note •.• 160 performers
....
M.A.P .A. will not Endorse
By Jesus C. Marquez
ALBERT'S
The Mexican-American Political Association, which held its
flrst preprimary endorsement
convention in the Hotel Californian on April 17, 18 and 19, is
through giving its blessings to
candidates and getting nothing in
return.
For too long, Californians of
Mexican descent have endorsed
traditional 1 i be r al candidates
from the Democratic party merely because they are friends.
These FRIENDS have been asking
for years for support from the
RAZA, but in return have not
endorsed LA RAZA.
Delegates to the MexicanAmerican Political Association
LOU'S BARBERS
BONDS
MEN'S HAIUSTl:"LING
The Method Preferred by
Hollywood Celebrities
FIENZAS
PARA ENCARCELADOS
Shaw-West Shopping Center
Haircut!. $2.S0 1 12 & under $2 .00
Sat. $2.25
--•--
Ph. 22UJ945
SERYICIO
DIA Y NOCHE
2087 W. Shaw
--•--
heard calls for "racial awareness" and for re-examination of
the two-party system.
Speaker after speaker called
on delegates to discard the Democratic and Republican parties
and concentrate on e I e ct i n g
Americans of Mexican descent,
regardless of party.
Dr. Julian Nava, running for
state superintendent of public
instruction, said, •one party is
hardly better than the other.•
Nava was greeted by cheers and
cries of "Viva LA RAZA." as he
described white liberals who
won't support him as •gutless
wonders."
Edmund G. Brown, Jr., candidate for the Democratic nomination for secretary of state,
charged 200 ,000 Spanish-speaking Californians are being disenfranchised because of inaction
at the state level.
He noted a recent state supreme court decision giving
Spanish-speaking persons the
right to vote "is almost worth-
THE FRANCO
TACO HOUSE
SERVICIO
EN TODAS PARTES
DEL PAIS
259 N. BLACKSTONE AVE.
DANCE GROUP
Marachis dance groups will perform in the
Student Union Lounge at 10:00 a.m. until 12•
p.m. Sponsored by the Fine Arts Commttt·0o
Art (painting, wood work, pottery, and etc.)
will be provided by high school students
and students from City College and Fresno
and Fresno State College.
LUNCH:
Phone 237-3532
486-1850
THURSDAY, MAY 7th, 1970
SPEAKERS:
SCHEDULE:
1 L:00 a.m. Senorita Cecilia Pedroza •.•
Friday & Saturday ••• at the amphitheatre
from Los Angeles .•. running for ..•
10:00-12:00 workshops
the office of Lt. Governor •..
1 :00- 2:30 workshops
11:30 a.m. Senora Margrita Cruz •• ,
3:00- 5:00 performance
from San Francisco ..• one of the
Regional Directors of the statewide
Sunday ... at Kearney Park
organization called M.A.P.A.
12:00 to?
(Mexican-American Political Assn.)
1:00 p.m. Senorita Corine S nchez •.•
from the University of Long Beach .•. . . ,
student in the Chicano Movement
I• I
SANCHEZ & HALL MORTUARY
1022 B St.
SEMANA DE LA RAZA
•
ALBERTO RAMIREZ
PROPIETARIO
FRESNO
Discos
Mexicanos
Soul ♦ Rock
o 4 & 8 track ta
551 Ventura Av
''THE FINEST TACOS"
826 POLLASKI,
CLOVIS
PH: 299-6431
....
•••
.....
less" unless voting roaching instruction, candidate designations
and ballot arguments are printed
in Spanish.
A speech by Jose Angel Guiterrez of La Raza Unida Party in
Crystal City, Texas, brought a
standing ovation and cries of
"Power to the People!" as he
called for formation of a third
party.
Ricardo Romo, a candidate for
governor under the Peace and
Freedom Party, evoked loud
clapping when he lashed out at
the Republican and Democratic
parties. "We can no longer work
in the belly of the whale,• he
said, alluding to the parties. •Get
out and see (that) it is the monster that swallowed us a long
time ago."
Romo's endorsement by MAPA
could be the first step toward
formation of a La Raza Unida
Party for Spanish-speaking candidates only.
Resolutions calling for the impeachment of San Jose Judge
Gernold s. Chargin for remarks
made about Americans of Mexican descent , opposing tuition in
the state colleges and university,
and advising Phil Sanchez that the
Chicano Communities are aware
of his vote for tuition, were
adopted by delegates.
THE DAILY COLLEGIAN
Published five days a week. excet
holidays and examination penodsci;
the Fresno State College Asso
tion. Mail subscriptions $8 a s~r,es·
ter, $ 15 a year. Editorial o ic~,
Business 235 , telephone 487-217 ·
Business office, College Union 31 6 ,
telephone 487"'2266.
Vidory...
just no preparation tor college,
that's all there ts to lt. Roland
, ,gym. Who doesn't? Thi h
says the teachers have just run
A chtcano student from Parpened on a Frida; mor~ apout of things to do. The students
lier High School was suspended
mid-day.
g or
have resorted to throwing papers
from school for being •defiant•,
On Monday, Roland was called
and erasers around in class and
so they say.
into the office. He asked wh
to the teacher, and they also talk
on March 4, Roland De La They gave him no reason.
a lot.
cerda was suspended from school
it was decided that he wouid be
Then there was a recess. one
for •enjoying the sunshine• dursuspended for the remainder of
or the Board Members had to go
the yea Wh
to his place of employment and
ing his woodshop class. This is
.
r•
Y? Because of the
supposedly considered a cut. The
mcident that happened three days
check up on the workers and
reason is that this guy didn't
ago, a minor incident, that wasn't
things like that. Should a man
have anything to do in there.
important enough to report the
like this be a Bo rd Member?
He would not be admitted to school
same day it happened? Or was 1t
He should be able to dedicate
until his parents came to school
~omething else? Maybe, they
some time to a student n need.
and had a conference with the
Just don't want him around school.
After everyone has testifled
vice principal.
Anyway, he was suspended,
against Roland, his mother went
Mr, New, a first year woodMr. Struhl was asked if he
on the stand. She asked for an
thought Roland was a g"'JCI athinterpretor so that the Board
shop teacher, was a character
lete. His reply was •average •
could understand her and at the
witness at the hearing. He said
Roland was being •disruptive and
He's only received
letters ~n
same time, the community people
basketball in three years and was
would know what she had to say.
a nuisance in class." All he
awarded Most Valuable Player
The School Board, by the way,
was doing was helping other stu~ne of those years' but he was
consists of four anglos and one
dents with their projects. He
Just average. Only about 10 per
japanese. She said something
had decided to do one himself,
like this: •Jn this p rtlcular
but the teacher didn't let him,
cen t of the Chicanos that go out
for
sports
ever
get
awarded
and
case, it's my sone that is being
"It was too late in the year to
when they do it's considered a
affected by the explllsion. The
finish it," he said. Above all
minor thing.
next one may be yours.• She
the noise that the machines in
Mr. Struhl claims Roland chalpractically begged the Board to
there make, along with the other
lenged him and he doesn't like
let her son back In school. Roguys talking, Roland was the only
land refused to go to continuation
th is sort of thing. A teacher
one that was heard. What a
school and his p rents refused to
coincidence!
Mr. New later
is suppased to be ready to accept
let him go. That's all there was
stated that Roland wasn't too
challenges when he decides to
to it.
much trouble.
become a teacher, otherwise he
A lawyer was ppolnted to deThis Mr. New is said to be
will never make a good one, for
fend Roland, Mr. Hendricks. As
that
matter
he
will
never
make
a
rather strict with the students.
a closing speech to the school
good anything.
The truth of the matter is, •es
board, he riminded them that
bien chingon." He says he •rides"
There were two witnesses in
everyone, sometime in their
the gym that heard what went on
the guys until they straighten up.
school life had caused a little
between Roland and Mr. Struhl.
Then he keeps on • riding• them
trouble and talked in class. All
One of them was taken to the
until he gets better results. By
boys are llke that. The never
stand and questioned.
Their
"riding" he means he gets on
got suspended. Was this being
statements agreed.
their backs. ':If I can't handle
fair to Roland. Put yourself
Mr. Brletic, the vice-princithem, who can? •
he stated.
in the shoes of trus boy, he said,
pal of P.H.S. took matters into
Must be a pretty bad dude. He
Wouldn't you like a fair chance
his own hands. He does the job
uses direct threats towards the
to get an education. They were
of the principal and also his,
students. He admits Roland has
depriving Roland of an education
which is part-time teacher and
a tremendous ability. and so
for a month now. What were
vice principal. Therefore, the
do the other teachers, but he's
they going to do about this?
principal has almost no say in the
just not given the chance. The
He's a good student, gets B's
way things are run in his own
teacher claims that while Roand C's out of hls classes and
school office. As a matter or
land was out of school, the class
would like to go on to college,
fact, he's hardly ever around to
was 100 per cent better.
just like they did. This is very
see what actually goes on. He
When admitted back to school,
important to him and he knows he
has to take everybody's word . is capable of it.
Roland was really making an
There was a short recess while
effort to do his work and not for it, no questions asked. It
seems to me he's being paid for
the Board members went in concause any trouble to anyone. It
a job he doesn't even do.
ference, When they finally came
turns out that his History class,
This is ohly Mr. Brletic's first back, it was decided that he
taught by Mrs. Caldera, (an anyear as vice principal and already would be readmitted but with
glo), also a new teacher, was
he's running the whole show.
conditions. He would have to
noisy. I mean all the kids were
Anyway, he claims that Roland
write a 1500 word research paper
making noise. Who gets blamed
has been in and out of the office
on the •History of Education"
for it? Roland, of course. Eviand another one on the Judicial
dently , he's supposed to be at the· ten times this year (he keeps
score) and has been •nothing
System of California, also 1500
head of all the disruptions.
but trouble."
words.
He must also submit
He brushed his hair in class.
Two or three conferences were
to the rules of the school. If
This also bothered the teacher.
held with Roland's parents. The
anything goes wrong, he will
She clai ms he does this consisadministration had made arautomatically be suspended.
tently , but Roland says he only
rangements for Roland to attend
These papers must be in by
did it twice and when she told
continuation school in Selma for
May 8.
him to put the brush away, he
the remainder of the year. The
rt seems to me that the teachdid. The other guys brush their
transportation problem was left
ers that testified were being just
hair also, but it's evident that
up to the parents, of course.
a tiny bit racist and don't care
she likes to pick on him, for
It's a fact that a majority of
to be bothered by anyone that
some reason. She took no disthe
guys
that
attend
continuation
might inconvenience them in any
ciplinary action, whatsoever. It
didn't bother her enough to con- -school don't ever go to college. way. It was said that the teachIt must be a pretty lousy system.
ers are so boring that nobody
tact his parents, •It's not a powants to listen, they fall asleep
But, this is the only way to get
licy of the school• to do so.
or resort to making noise.
rid of Roland and not have to
I mean, why bother, just send
This type of teaching will rebother with him anymore. I
him to the office and get it over
sult to problems to the students
wonder
if
that
system
is
any
with. If she were any kind of
when they enter college. Somebetter than PHS's. That's somea humanitarian, she would've
thing must be done!
thing that has to be considered.
looked into it herself.
Roland says high school isn't a
Mr. Struhl, a first year Phychallenge to him. •what's the
sical Education teacher, fresh
use
of going to school, we keep
out of college was also a characlearning the same things as shen
ter witness at the hearing. He
we were freshmen. The teachwas about to give a wrestling
ers don't even want to hear our
course in p. E. when Roland told
views a lot of times.• There's
him that he couldn't wrestle because he had a weak nose and
it bled easily. The coach's resBE PREPARED
ponse was , •oo you really care?"
and he took off. The other guys
FOR BIG BLUE
were rolling the mats out and
Roland was sitting down watching
them, all alone. Mr. struhl went
up to him and told him he was
going to wrestle and Roland said
he wasn't. Then the coach told
him to shut up and Roland said
Artefactorage • Unicom leather
he didn' t have to because he
r•-~---••••••·•••••,
wasn't talking to anyone. •just
go and teach your class and leave
Sandals
Pottery
me alone,• he said. •1 don't
I Purses
Batik
;
want any trouble.•
Belts
Gadgets
1
I Hats
Wine
I
When the coach testified, he
; Watchbands
Candles
said something completely difI
Jewelry
I
ferent, making it sound like Roland \.;,::1.s giving him a really bad
time, when all he wanted was to
235 N. Fulton Phone 237-6256
stay out of trouble. He also
Said Roland talks a lot in the
• 0 ••fl•MHo.
Th:~
20
MISC INC
I
I
I
I
~.-----------------·
Santa es la Madre
Que me pario, cargandome
ocho meses en el jale
perro
nta es la Madre
Que se mata y sacrifica
tanto para qu me
vista como tecato.
Santa es la Madre
que 11 ga del trabajo
retecansada haciendo
ttque hacer• y ademas la cena
No se cansara mi Madre?
No man
She's a Mex she don't get tired
It's only natural
for a Mexican woman
to love work.
It's in her culture.
Mexicans are hard workers.
God made them for it.
Oh how nice they are.
they never complain
Parele hay!
I tell you cha-le!
My moth r es una Santa,
no es la culpa de el la
that she has to work
herself a la mu rte.
Santa es una Madre Mexicana
quien es el dios
que la esta matando
May the devi I take
los que devcras tienen
la culpa.
Santa es la senora
con todo el respeto
y el amor
de un chi cano.
Meno C/S
EL TAOUITO
ATTENTION!
Teachers - Students
- SUMMER INCOME Part of ful I ti me, can start
part time. Send resume to
Mr. Otterness
P .o. Box 533
Pinedale, California
FINE
MEXICAN
FOOD
715 BROADWAY
233-9833
that have happened in the Movimien~.
Despite all the present bitter
memories, Chicanos are like
those earlier Mexican leaders in
one important sense: They are
fighting a battle which ultimately
has been won.
That is, the
st ruggle for assertion of Mexican American civil rights can
only e nd one way. The hard part
is that th e unfolding of the necessary additional st ages will
continue to be bitter and Will call
for many to play difficult and
different roles.
P11sa■ l11tos
De Otra
Perso■ a
Por Angus Glo
In Mexico people often ask
North American where the
:u.s. President conducts our anual ceremony dedicated to reewal of our heritage. One is
ut in the poslilon of th1nk1ng
about whether there is such a
Human Environment
I
By Manuel Fernandez
In a recent interview With Dr.
D. J. Burdick we covered a few
basic questions on the subject of
pesticides in relation to humans
and the environment.
In the first question I asked if
farm workers had leg 1ti mate
gripes in wanting to ban DDT. I
Certainly the farm worker has
th
1 ht t b
d b t
e r g
o e concerne a ou
it his safety, was the reply. He said
in a State health survey in Tulare
it County 10-20 per cent o!thefield
it workers showed symptoms oforit ganophosphate poisoning. •They
it are being exposed to large dosit ages without being told." He at~ tributes this to the fact that 50
per cent of the spray stayes in
it the air. He also stresses the
~ proper precautions the people
• who use these pesticides should
-it take and that field workers should
: always be warned.
· When asked how DDT rates
: with other poisonous chemicals
-it he stated that DDT is known to
be relatively safe to humans. In
~ its formulation spray it is more
: harmful because of its ability to
dissolve. As of yet there is no
-tt
~ evidence that DDT will have
-tt lethal chronic buildup. DDT is
it stored in the fat and eventually
-tt broken down. Another important
-it aspect Dr. Burdick commented on
-tt was the fact that the banning of
-tt these chlorinated hydrocarbons
-tt will bring a wider use of the
it more toxic organo-phosphates.
it
One of the basic topics covered
it was Dr. Burdick's distinction
it between a specialist and a genit eralist. A specialist, he states,
-tt does not have a wide knowledge
it of environmental ecology. His job
• is only to get rid of the insect
• and once that job is completed
it he does not have to give any
-k further consideration.
On the
ii other hand. a generalist takes
ii man's entire environment into
: view. He takes into consideration
the affect of birds and habitats
: of animals, etc. Specialists can
only take information from tests
-ti on mammals and not the enviro11ment. He says the specialist today should become more of a
generalist and _be aw re of long
range and social consequences.
As to some long range effects
these chemicals have had, Dr.
Burdick informs us that various
species of birds are on their way
to extinction. A few of these victims he attributes to DDT are the
Brown Pelican and the Bald
Eagle. DDT affects their sex
hormones which results in a thinner and weaker egg shell. Part
of the reason DDT has been detrimental to the bird population
is because it tends to adhere to
dust and thus stays in the air.
As to these chemicals he informs
us that •they are being put on the
market so fast we don't have the
time to respond. We need more
research on long range effects."
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affluency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used, A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * •·
central ceremony or place
.
and then realizes there is not. *
one difference between Mexi- *
co and the U.S. is the existence . Jt,
of many symbols and places that
stand for values felt deeply by *
the Mexican.
*
Cinco de Mayo is one of those )fymbols. All Mexican cities have ·*
a street named after the Fifth
f May the date of the first *
--~
successful battle against the
French invaders. Cinco deMayo
As I believe in th e status Quo,
is thus an important symbol of
Conservatism, the American Way
Mexican liberty.
and
Back to the Good Ole
As we enter the week of the
Days philosophy, 1 have been very
Fifth of May, those who feel
distressed by th e recent desimpatia for the Mexican people
velopments int eh U ._s~, and 10 have thought about the meaning * cally, at FSC. Specifically th e
of such symbolism for MexiExperimental College, E th nic
can-Americans in Fresno, Ca- st udies a nd EOP. Since th ese
lifornia.
* programs and ideas are cond ucive
.
tO c h anges Wl,
.._h.rn our
Some people say that MexicanAmericans should not use a sym- : dear FSC, ~ur_ Ed. SyS tem and
bol that had value only for their
eventually w1thrn the U •84 of A.,
th en, 1 am totally againS t these
ancestors back in a different
country. Others, including some : 11ew innovative th reats to our
Chicano leaders feel that any
t>eautiful society. I am not a
c:ramatic expres~ion of a deeply : ,·acist , however, _1 do believe
Ldlt Mexican value should be
iach person has his place. As
Kapt and passed on to help de- : L result, I th ink th at no th ing more
,·elop a sense of identity for a
:hould be done for th ese so called
fi•:!Ople who in this country have * n i no~iTie~. Any program~ any
, ~en deprived of a culture as * ~,rganizat~o~ or attem~t at_mm_orell as in other ways.
,._ ity organizing or uniflcatlon is a
An Anglo who has simpatia for • th reat to my philosophy: Ther~t11e Mexican culturewhetherhere
fore, I am very much rn grahu.r in Mexico therefore has mixed * rnd e to men like Nixon, Rear1~actions about the role of a
g-an, Falk a nd Fikes for th eir
s_rmbol like Cinco de Mayo. On * <iedication to. th is same philotl1e one hand, he knows that part * --;ophy · Especially to th0se teruof the problem in the past has
<:ious militants (Horrors) wit hin
bt~en too much emphasis on sym- * th e minorities who have been
liols and forms that are empty
partially in st rume_ntal in prei II application. On the other hand, * venting th e FSC Chicano students
it seems thatadditionalemphasis * from succesSfully unifying a nd
o".l symbols related to sincerely
worklnR toge th <'r. Th,rnk :vmi aJl
:11d deeply felt values connected
*
*
'\ith the Mexican people should
l•e supported.
•
I for one am in favor of the
Lttter approach. Although given
1 hicanos may not care that much
Ronald Reagan, the TV cowboy,
. bout the past problems of deal1as no sympathy for his people,
i 1g with the French, focusing ori
Jr the people of California. Inl inco de Mayo shows respect for
stead of upgrading his people he
, ·ne example of sincere human
is degrading them and taking their
J.,ride. And respect for human
right to assemble peacefully and
l1?elings is important for Chithe right to protest his regime.
<·anos as for any group fighting
Like Falk, he doesn't want to be
for its civil and economic rights.
seen speaking with the poor man
Maybe the real problem is that
who supports him. As long as the
;\,lexican-Americans do not yet
~at has a good monetary income
have widely known heroes or sacF'alk or Reagan could give a hell
red places of battle in this counif he's seen with him. Money
try. As the Movimiento takes
sn't everything as we all know,
it.s natural course, it may be
but he tends to believe so. The
that everging leaders and bettle-rnoney that Reagan is spending on
grounds will in the future be
us or I should say against us is
celebrated in place of events like
,,ur own tax money. To me the
Cinco de Mayo. For the time
upper class is no different than
13ing it is good to draw upon
t-he lower class.
aU possible sources of cultural
Instead of our government beclentification and expression.
ing run by the people and for the
As we look back to those days
people it's being run by one man
o:f struggle in the 1860's, one has
against the people. Although you
o think that those Mexican leadmay tend to believe that we are
ers were •together• in the sense
ahead in our government you are
that they knew what they were
being misled, we are lower in
doing. As good leaders, they
government standards than the
must have been able to assess
Soviet Union. The U.S.S.R. has a
their gains as well as their
democracy that has surpassed
losses.
and gone beyond our democracy.
When one is involved in the
This year when you vote pick a
truggle and frictions of the Mogood man, not one that will bust
imienbl, it may be easy to
your head or that of your childevelop a sense of frustration
dren when he comes to your town
nd a negative attitude. During
as he did here in Fresno, "The
a Semana de La Raza I hope
All America City."
hicanos can take stock of the
ains as well as the bad things
d
Goo
*
o Ie
* Days
**
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
***** **** * * * *
REAGAN•
TV Cowboy
WANT ADS
Furn 2 BR across from dorms
share w/3 others $45. 439-6481
Dun I op knobby ti re $1 o. Honda
350 Scrambler pipes $30, or will
trade both for 350 Street pipes.
224-2796 after 4 PM
•
•
..
dmage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. •why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill.• In this case, spot spraying
would be of more value than preventive spraying.
As to solutions and answers,
Dr. Burdick feels chemical companies should become a little
more educated in ecology. He
feels the public is also partly to
blame because of its affiuency.
If the consumer did not want his
product so picture-pretty, not so
much chemicals would have to be
used. A scarred tomatoe is just
as nutritious as a spotless one.
He also feels some of the answers are in their techniques of
spraying. He suggests that crops
should be sprayed to keep insect
damage at a minimum, not toexterminate them. "Why should they
kill 90 per cent of the insects
when they only need a 50 per cent
kill?• In this case spot spraying
would be of more value thanpreventive spraying.
Theoretically, he believes pesticides can be done away with
and .,unaffluent" people can still
survive. He supports this theory
partly by the evidence of the
present surplus. One example he
gives is the recent burning of
five million pounds of potatoes in
Idaho. Another interesting point
he brings up is that of substituting
such crops as tobacco and cotton
for food.
In conclusion, chemicals, he
believes, for the most part have
been misused. To climax the discussion, Dr. Burdick asks, • Are
we trying to make a world today
that is good for us but bad for
our children or good for us today
and §-ood for our chilcir~n?"
us ••• •• a s nc a •
-LOW RATESNEWPORT ARMS
Now I easing for
Summer & Fall
- MGR. POSITION
OPENING SCX)N
Across from FSC
Married Couple only
Con tact Manager,
2067 E. Shaw, or
Phone 224-4842
Breakthrough
The first break through
tween the United Farm Workbe.
Organizing Committee and ers
grape growers has finally the
.
come
about • When Just a year ago the
growers in the Coachella Vall
stated that they would never ey
contracts with the UFWoc. U:~!n
any circumstances. Now f r
our
growers have signed contracts•
David Freedman, Charles Freect~
man, Keene K. Larson and C
cil C. Larson.
e.
The four ranches cover appro.
ximately 1220 acres and employ
1054 workers at harvest ti
Th ey most important aspectm~
in
the three year contracts are the
Health and Safety provisions. A
Health and Safety Commutee,
ma d e up of Union members can
participate in the policY-maJtin
of the company regarding Which
how, when, and where pesticide~
are used.
What does all this mean, that
the boycott Will be Called Off?
No, it means that after au th~
hard work the farm workers put
into the •causa" the work is finally paying off. They no longer
have to argue with anyone when
it is said that the boycott has
been a complete failure. rt
hasn't been a failure! It was
a success because these contracts opened the way for further
negotiations.
The farm workers are happy
and ask you to keep supporting
the boycott. Remember, you can
buy union grapes now. Look
for the lables to see that you
are not buying SCRAB GRAPES!
LOS CHARRITOS
FINE MEXICAN FOOD
4069 E. Ashlan Ave.
224-3929
SPECIALS
NYLON
WIND BREAKERS
All Sizes
Assorted Colors
395
CANVAS BAG
for carrying
BOOKS
9 5(
WHITE 1 NAVY & STRI PES
BELL BOTTOM
TROUSERS
349
AIR FORCE
SUN
229
GLASSES
NAVY
895
PEA COATS
only
up
& up
NAVY SHIRTS
OPPORTUNITY
ALL
New chemic al company
looking for qualified personnel to help in statewide
expansion. Constant part
time,
SIZES
Send resume to:
MR. OTTERNESS
DESERT
TYPE
SHOES
G.I. FIELD
JACKETS
FALL LEASING
For new Apts. across
from FSC
UFW
THE TACO SHACK
REAL MEXICAN
TACOS
BURRITOS
Our Specialty Order To Go
1011 N. Fresno
268-9427
195
595
495
Most complete stock of
Jackets - and sizes in
the Valley.
WAR SURPLUS DEPOT
602 Broadway
237-3615
OPEN SUNDAYS